Alton Evening Telegraph from Alton, Illinois • Page 4

PAGE FOUK ALTON EVENING TELEGRAPH THURSDAY, MAY 7, EVENING TELEGRAPH by Minn TcloKiaph Printing Compan P. I.i. COt'SLKY Managing F.ditor ns matter nl the post office, Alton, 111., net of Cunj.Tess. J879. i nr Tin, ASS rv MlHUcfl In thr IliO MI--T.

nil ill rri-lilril to It nr vliV'l piipri. nnrl to ttio hxal n'- 1 he hy yc.ir. Iriutt IMMrlrl months O.iii\. one Minn Tnirtr li months Sl.rx tnimth if! Itir-itmriMon appll Ill riioriilwfly Wl'lt-IIolldllJ Corregnlor's Heroes has to ihe J.ip.mcsc. After fh.u history ever will hail as v.ili.ini, thc force fell before overwhelming numbers if l.trincse.

p.igcs eroism to lie A merit .111 hroniclrs; nml on those pngcs the r.ilorou^ deeds of the nun of iiit.un nnd Corrcjjiclor 'Vcr will '-hino with the impcnMublc luster of great. To the observer the full significance of C.ur- fill is not mimodi ttcly apparent; whether ts 2S-day st.ind was sufficient to fit in with the jrand Mr.tlc;;y of the war in the Pacific; whether pians were laid while the Japs were try- tit; to take, fin.t Bataan, then ar. 1 picstions that only thc military nnd navy strategists We have known tli.it thc Philippines rerc vulnerable, that Manila was not to be defended, :h.it the last stand would be at Corrcgicior while the forces of democracy were marshalled. Certainly, the Drilli.int and brave defense, first under MacArthur under must have been far more the treacherous Japs- had bargained for; certainly the enemy paid dearly. To the military and naval observer is' the task of estimating the strategic value of thc stand.

To all Americans f.ills the that here was a defense unsurpassed in previous war, stand that for bravery dwarfs any known in recorded history. These men, far from home, their supplies cut off, their food and ammunition running'short, fought with the skill, the daring, thc determination of men who know not defeat, who know only to fight and ight and fight. On the timeless corridors of history arc graven names of those in tattered clothes who endured at Valley Forge; of the hardy ones who fought with Old Hickory at New Orleans; of the stalwarts- who charged the of Gettysburg; of thc shouting battlers who stormed San Juan, and thc Yanks who broke the Germ in line at Bclleau Wood. To these will he added thc names of thc great men of liata.m and Corregidor. Their names will be indelibly inscribed with those who died bravely, gloriously, that an ideal might Government's Support of Dues Check Off May Become Campaign Issue 1912.

Mr On.lrt My DAVID LAWRENCE WASHINGTON, May of mom- ir-i-ship in labor unions with government coercion is tho club is becoming an ndminislratlrii viliry that may devr-lop into a political issue at the SIDE GLANCES Duty in the Draft Two cases arising in Alton that, under thc Selective the duty of answcrin all questions accurately, and reporting any chang in status, falls upon the registrant. Upon this, th law is clear, and the entire burden is on the rcgi the board "does not seek the registrant, rather he seeks.the board. Draft boards are not required by law to invest! gate the truth of answers in a questionnaire. 1 boards rely upon the truth of answers, Then, if late an untruth is discovered, legal action against tl registrant follows. And the punishment provided law is severe.

Each questionnaire that is filled out and sen back to a draft board is an affidavit, thus bindin the registrant to an affirmation that his answei are true. Further, any change in status must reported to the board by the registrant. If, lor ex ample, a registrant reports has dependents an is i-ivcn a certain classification as a result, and, la 1 er, those dependents U'come self-supporting, he i required by law to report that- change in statu Failure to do so makes him liabl-j for prosecution. The Selective Service act was designed to opcr ate fairly during a time of national and ro achieve that, severe penalties arc provided fo those who fail to conform. A Week to Serve This is a week to serve your tlurx who have not been called to the armed lorc.es.

aking ils last st.nul against Corregidor was Japs, opportunity was given all ot us to help will the war i-llon. This we are asked to Jo easy, yd important things. are askid to provide materials for the metal and all Midi materials; articles ot no use to us, yet when uldt to those collected over the country ol great value to the nation. That's easy and important. This week, loo, hear plans tor the to-house War liond campaign.

I buy llond and Stamps is- called .1 duty, vhich certainly il is but the act is not a i-, but making ai investment. are collecting waste-paper, lu-lpiiu; 10 cu down the shortage and aiding the Red 7 arc registering for sugar, a part ol ihe in tional war effort. These, as lias been said, arc easy and things. In the performance of them Americans ii lie enthusiastic, and they will perlorm the job well II Hitler can be held for another summ mid fall, thousands, ol American lives be Charles S. Seely, U.

S. retired. Despite the iiiimcni.iiy of contlmiliii; plant punslon, our aircraft liur.ii lire keeping up or ulit'ful ul government 11. Jouett, president of tho Chnmboy ot Commerce. To compel workers in 10,000,000 of whom are now remain ers of unions and to compel employers to dedtr.t the dues from payrolls just as the government itself collects payioll taxes means an assurance of financial stability to the unions that they could lot possibly achieve by their own efforts.

This alliance of the administration and the of- 'ice-holding executives of Ihe unions and the orgnn- zer.s, who also benefit financially by the virtual of income by the government, cannot fail be reflected in Ihe political lineup. Maintenance membership for the unions means maintenance )f 3Vew Deal votes. Attorney General Biddle sees nothing wrong in alliance between the labor unions and the govriimenl: in polities and has said so in his public ppeches, and it may be assumed that he is speaking behalf of I lie New Deal. Tne alliance is, of course, operating in other ireclions, loo. There seems to lie a synehroniza- ion of attacks from the administration on business oncerns at the very time that important labor nion demands are being made on the same cor- oralions.

Thus at a time when the War Labor Board is xamining demands from the United Automobile I'orkcrs, a public smear against General Motors orporation as a whole is issued by the War Pro- uction Board. The corporation, in the period of onfusion last January when auto production was curtailed and stopped, was guilty of technical violations In a small part of its operation. Bui the incident is being used lo attack the altitude of the General Motors Corporations as a whole. Thus when Messrs. Thomas and Reuther of the Auto Workers Union found tho General Motors Corp.

was not ready lo accept their demand for continued payment of double time on Sunday and incidentally which has boon declared taboo hy President union officials issued a blast, as follows: "Only a few days ago General Motors was found guilty of defying the War Production Board by using critical war materials to manufacture passenger ear parts. We do not understand how General Motors gets the idea it is above the government of the United States." Certainly this is a strange way to describe the refusal of a company lo accept a demand which in itself is out of harmony with the President's own pronouncement against double time. Certainly the sudden series of attacks on large corporations for minor and technical violnlior.s creales a suspicion that there is an effort under way to force all the big companies to accept the demands of thc labor politicians or suffer attacks, from governmental agencies interested in fostering the labor union- governnienf alliance. The War Labor Board's power to compel main- lenance of membership in unions may soon be questioned in (hc courts by Ihe Inland Sleel Co. Rcporls are current that injunctions may he sought on the ground that maintenance, of membership proposals iut into employer contracts under duress contradict provisions of the Wagner Act which declares that such agreements discriminating between workers must be voluntary to be lawful.

Thc War Board has been blazing a trail on union issues in more ways than one. The other day the board introduced shivers of apprehension Into industrial establishments by its support of the "check-off" of union dues. The hoard ruled that "in view of thc fact that the company has made voluntary dues deductions for purposes other than social security taxes as required by law," the check-off must be granted by the employer. It so happened that Die company In question once checked off ten ecu Is a week for a social club in one of its plants. Does this mean that employers who are now deducting payments for War Bonds for the Treasury on purely voluntary basis may be creating precedent for future war Labor Board decisions? Certainly the Treasury Department has jelling a ruling on this point, lost the incident furnish one of a number of arguments.

CO PR. 1942 BY NEA SERVICE. INC, T. M. REG.

U. 3. PAT. OFF. 50 Years Ago- In and A bout Alton "I'd hate to be in your shoes, speaking to that graduating parents all know you were expelled from the eighth grade!" MERRY SIMTON ROUND REGISTERED By DREW PEARSON anH ROBERT S.

ALLEN Army in Hawaii Uses Jap Labor to Bolster Defenses WASHINGTON, May 7. Dynamic Assistant War Secretary John McCloy has just come hack from an inspection trip to Pearl Harbor where he reports that it still Is absolutely essential (o use Japanese labor to help erect Hawaii's bristling defenses. Just after Pearl Harbor, the War Department issued an order removing all Japanese from defense work in Hawaii. However, mons protested: "You can't do for the institution of a payroll deduction authorized by law in what, is known as tho forced savings plan. I Reproduction Rights Reserved) So They Say We must match the gallantry of the fighters on 'iatnnn.

No sacrifice on our part, or personal com- 'ort, or special Interests or privileges or cvti) of ife itself Is loo Francis B. Sayre, U. S. high -onimissloner to Philippines, upon arrival In this try. What good Is money in the bank If America 'aniline lYtruwu, conlniclor, Inlying 10(111 defense bond for each (if his 10 children.

The Home Doctor Book you cannot find health between the covers ot a But you can learn great deal about tho symptoms and treatment ol common ailments from the Home 1 Doctor Book, An authoritative publication, designed, not to take the place ot a doctor, but to help you to cooperate with him intelligently. Care of tho Sick, Diet for the Sick, Inlant Care. Home Medicines, Personal Hygiene are other subjects included, all alphabetically arranged lor your convenience. Forty puges of worth-while Information for 10 cents. Order your copy without delay.

THIS ---Die Alton Evening Telegraph, Information Bureau, 1'Yederlc J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. I enclose herewith TKN CENTS in coin (carefully wrapped in paper) for copy of the HOME DOCTOR BOOK. Namo Stici't or Rural Route, (Mall to Washington.

D. that. You don't, know how many lathes you are stopping." In the end he proved to be right. The Japanese were found to be essential to defense work, and the eorder was rescinded. Japanese are now used in dig ging ditches lo break up possibb land fields: building roads; am they even work in arsenals producing Suspicious Japanese have been picked up.

Bui il is impossible to tost. Jhe loyally of others. However, to get the vital defense worl- done in a hurry, the War Department is convinced there is no other out than to use Jap labor. Furthermore the alternative ol deporting Hawaii's huge Japanese population would be a tremendou: job. They can't be shipped to California.

And they can't be sent to a separate island, where they migiil establish a landing base for Japanese attack. So Ihe present, solution is lo leave them where they are, carefully guarded Meanwhile, Pearl Harbor is on the alert with more protective devices than ever before in history. Every hour of the day and night patrol planes scour the air around the islands. No fleet, either hy sea or air, could approach Hawaii undetected. Trouble Ahead The day after Leon Henderson issued his sweeping price freezing order, Ihe President asked bin 1 "How are yon getting on?" "Well, I'd put it Ibis way," said Henderson with grin.

"I feel like the boy who threw a rock through a window and Is sure something is hound to happen." IlilbiKin IN Throiiuli lie hasn't announced It yd, but the'former war labor chief. Sidney Hillman, has definitely decided not lo lake the While House slaff job offered him by I he President. The nnnnuiK'onienl of the np- polnlment implied Hillman had accepted il. Inside fact is he'hasn't, nnd (hv statement apparently was worded as If he had In order lo pressure Hillman into He is still recuperating from exhaustion due to bis prolonged strenuous work as tup war official, but when leaves the hospital lie ill not go to the government. Hillman will resume the prcsi- binsky's lawyer and close friend, became Lewis' Do-As-Done-By-FreslclPiit About years ago, a night telegrapher from Littleton, N.

C.i named Tom Morgan, invested his chief capital 51.25 in a ticket to Newport News, packed his things in a poke, and joined the U. S. Navy. At the same time his interest in aviation was aroused by reading o.f Ihe first flight of the Wr'fjht brothers at Kittyhawk N. C.

Last week, after four decades, the ex-telegrapher from North Carolina wrote a letter to the Secretary of War stating that, his company wanted to refund $100,000.000 to the government'because if was making loo large a profit on war contracts. During the inlerim, young Tom Morgan had served four years on the battleship Delaware, where hc met Elmer Sperry, inventor of the famous gyroscope on the Delaware, nnd Sperry liked his work so much that, after his four years' enlistment terminated, Morgan was offered a job as foreman in the Sperry plant. S'nce then he has become bend of the Sperry Corporation, helped organize Curtiss-Wright, and is chairman of Pan American Airways. But Morgan never lost the human touch. And in these days when we are scrutinizing the type of manpower this nation has developed and the kind of democracy we have built, it is significant (hat the ex-telegrapher nnd ex-sailor from North Carolina not only to the top, but was one of the first to rebate profits to his country in lime of (rouble.

NOTK: time lo lime, the WASHINGTON MKRRY- GO-ROUND will attempt to give recognition to those who have made significant sacrifices, moth b'g and little, on the home front. If you note something which we have missed, send it to our Do-As-Done- By-Dcpartment. May 7, 1892 Flood conditions loomed the Upper Mississippi with all tributaries of both thc Father of Waters and the Missouri reported bursting the banks after a new sequence of rains. The lower river was already at flood stage. At Alton, the Mississippi after gradually subsiding five feet had taken a new upturn that, in three days caused it to pass the earlier high point.

During the day, (lie water had been coming up two inches an hour. Levees had broken at many points on the Illinois. A government war vessel, Concord, had been sent to Memphis for a bridge opening ceremony, and, with the river at high stage, efforts were being made to induce the Secretary of the Navy to have the craft come up-stream as far as St. Louis. A new railroad company, the St.

Louis, Chicago St. Paul, which bad been incorporated in Illinois, was seen as the likely purchaser of the Bluff Line, soon to be sold under, a court order. Incorporators of the new line were Henry O'Hara, St. Louis, Anthony Isch, East Louis, and Royal Clark J. Elmer Whitney of Alton.

The company proposed to construct a line from East Louis to Alton, and thence to Springfield over a route of similar general description to that of the Bluff Line. Marion Gleason, a workman at. Alton Lime Cement Co. quarry, suffered a leg injury when he stumbled causing drill to fall on him. Dr.

Fiegcn- baum attended him at his rooming place, Broadway and Spring. The police were called to destroy a dog that had bitten a 15-year-old boy, Jesse Hoover. Foster associated with Alton Junction Tile was to start construction of the Second street sewer at Piasa street. E. E.

Rulledge had been appointed superintendent by the contractor. Firemen were called to extinguish a roof blaze at the property of Capt. Bruner at Wall and William street, occupied by Nelson Butler as his residence. H. H.

Hays was elected delegate of Alton lodge to the National Union assembly. A. Mather was displaying a deed of 1836 for bis Market street property, near Fifth, which hc submitted in proof of the high values of Alton real estate in the boom period just before the little frontier river port was incorporated as a city. The lot, 120 by 120. was unimproved in 183G, part of it a steep slope ending in a hollow, yet it sold at $1500.

The panic of 1S37 wiped out inflated values, and in 1847, Mather related, he bought the lot for 5400. He further recalled that the block in which the Presbyterian church stands, (now Faulstich build- 25 Years Ago- In attd A bout Alton govern. May 7, 1917 The ndministration was preparing to usk for an appropriation of billion dollars to construct wooden nnd si eel merchant, ships. The government intended to erect ships according to schedule if had to force manufacturers to work for tho govur merit. All coke and coal would be seized by (he ernmcnl, it was indicated.

'Die Gorman government was still I tying to suppress in Germany a move for peace among cil who had taken for Ihe truth published rumors that Germany would be willing to negotiate pence. The rumors were spread about for diplomatic purposes and it was not supposed that anybody home would take them seriously. Mayor Sauvuge announced- in advance to th ing) was sold in 1S3R at an aggregate of $60,000. Be-all Howard was chief owner at that time. Telegraph the names of (hose hc intended to appoint to the board of education and the paper printed a story that women on thc board would bo removed be replaced by of whom had not voted for or favored Sauvagc for mayor.

H. S. Dorsey was slated to succeed Charles Lcvis us a member of the Alton Park Commission. Senator Cummings howled that he was tirorl of "invisible. 1 government" after Senator Martin sue- ceeded in getting a secret session declared while senators discussed a hill to curb espionage.

Cummings said that the senate was gradually closing doors and that popular resentment, was growing. The Wood River City Council was discussing a plan lo erect a 517,000 city hall. The council voted to issue no saloon licenses to foreigners and issued orders that city policemen must stay out of saloons. Thc following officers were appointed: Gus Haller, day marshal; Ed Maguire, night marshal; John Hamilton, street commissioner; Mrs. John C.

Helper, street commissioner and health officer; M. F. Manning, treasurer; Tom Williamson, attorney; A. T. McCormick, engineer.

Fred Shoemaker, who bad been elected clerk, gave bond and took office. Roy Steel oi' Alton, who was doing guard duty at the Alton bridge, was accidentally shot through thc hand when a gun discharged. Charles A. Harnett sold his interest in the Mc- Casland-Harlnett Really to C. O.

nnd F. E. McCasland. They had been equal partners. Harnett planned to start in the real estate business at Wood River.

A gas lino had been installed on Washington avenue in Upper Alton and the first gas stove was placed in the home of Jolm J. Henry. The next to get a slove was W. H. Loer, Ray Crawford and C.

N. Streepcr, being next in order. HERET TO EALTH Th, McCOY PUBLICATIONS, Of "THE FAST WAV TO HEALTH" All qui'stlont regarding Henitr. ana Diet will be annwered. Large, sell- addressed, stamped envelope muni enclosed.

Write on one side ol paper only. Letters must not exceed ISO OH FIUNK McOOV words. Address McCoy Health Service. POUNDIH u51 Weil Sixth Street. Lot Angeles.

dency of Ihe powerful Amalgamated Clothing Workers, and Time. Is Short In a lellcr lo House Leader Join McCormuck. WPA chief Dona I Nelson stated I hat lie and ollie war officials had testified J'l limes before various commit lees While he didn't say so explicitly Nelson clearly implied that WPH officials wore spending lo, much time on Capitol Hill. A few days after McCormnck In scried the letter in the s'ionnl Record, Nelson was sum moncd by Ibe House Ijank'ng Coin- mil lee to testify on small busi- will embark on campaign to: M) Drive John L. Lewis out the C'K); Force a showdown with labor elements playing ba undercover with Lewis; (3) against iisolatloii'sis in this year's crucial coni'ivssinnnl elections.

Leading CIO chiefs long hav wanted Hillman to return to union affairs. With the Internal battle over Lewis Hearing climax, they know lie is Ihe one top lender with- In the CIO who has taken Lewis' measure, nnd Ih-il Ills personal participation in Ihe fray will stiffen the opposition against Lewis. In gunning for playing ball (lie miner chief lar- gel of Ilillmiin'-i fire will be Diibinsky, president of I ho International Ladies Garment Workers. Hecentlv. Kmll Scjilevimier.

Dn- ness bill. He was scheduled to np pear at. n. rn. and was then on the dot.

But. the committee look its own sweet, time in coming. By Hie time slroll cd in, il was 10:50. Then the committee took- up an additional two hours of Nelson's time listening to testimony largely repealed from what Nelson had when he penred before the Senate Hanking committee on the same bill. After il was ail over, a friend asked the Wl'B chief if his frequent appearances before congrci- sional committees this was Kith "aren't gelling you "Well, I look at il tills way, plied Nelson, wearily moppiii); his brow.

"Another drop of uater won't hurt a drowned rat NOTK: Official slogan of the WPR chief is: "Time is Short." NOISE WASTES NERVOUS ENKRGY This article is being written in answer lo a request that I discuss the problem of noise. The original request comes from person living in an apartment house in a crowded city, who complains that the noises of radios and the rackets made by passing automobiles, are preventing sound sleep and promoting nerve fatigue. It is true thai, a human being jr.ny waste an enormous amount of energy by listening lo dis- tracling noises. The effect upon the nervous system is apparently more marked in those who arc naturally of a highly strung, nervous temperament, but even the placid individual will in time notice that he is annoyed by needless clatter. Scientific experiments have determined that loud noises will arouse fear in infants and it seems as though Ihe fear of noise is one of Ihe Iwo natural fears with which we are born.

After we grow up, unexpected noises probably still have the power of stirring up a fear roaelion within the body, even though perhaps we are not conscious that we are reading in jusl that way. Other experiments indicate that continuous noises create fatigue and reduce efficiency. In the larger cities, noise is a distince problem because of concent ration of Industry. 1 Especially in offices, where many are working together and where racket of typewriters and telephones add their contribution, the noise problem is acute. A unit of measurement for noise is called a decibel and the noise in Ihe average office runs about fiO decibels.

It has been found easy to fool tho human ear in regard to Ihe amount, ot noise reducing certain kinds of noise a little more than one-fourth, the listener believes it has been re- War prices were hitting walnut logs and one log cut at the old J. B. Lathy home on Washington avenue brought $350. It was cut from a piece of property sold by George Hildebrand to Rodger Templin and was removed to make way for a house. Carl Ross had cut the tree.

It was sent to Kansas City in a shipment of logs owned by Arthur Edsafl. Answers to Questions Uy KKUDUKIL J. HAS KIN A rer.der can cfi the answer to any question ol raci by writing Hie Alton tvening t'eii-uiaph Inlormnilnn Buienu. freileric J. ttiiskm.

IJlrei-tcir. Washington. D. enrlono three (31 cents for reply. Q.

Why is Africa known as the Dark Continent? R. M. C. A. Africa is frequently referred to as a Dark Continent because of ail thc continents of the world, it has longest resisted the progress of civilization.

Large tracts in the interior of the country still remain unexplored. Q. What stone was believed to be a charm against intoxication by the ancient Greeks? P. R. N.

A. Drinking cups made of amethyst were regarded as a charm against the evil effects of strong drink. The word amethyst literally means, "not to be drunken." Q. When was Montreal, Canada, founded? A. R.

A. Montreal was founded in 1642. It Is now tho second largest French city in thc world. Q. Which university had the first cheer leader? C.

U. R. A. The first cheer leader was R. C.

Matthews of the University of Illinois chosen in 1902. duced one-half. What was the fastest speed of a sailing vessel in the old days? S. E. C.

A. The Lightning, a clipper built by Donald McKay, sailed miles in one day. This is a world's record which slill stands. Q. How long have bedsprihgs been in existence? II.

N. A. The Greeks are said to have introduced bedsprings in thc form of In-aided leather thongs laced 1 mll ()f (he bo( (o thu wns ilm nU )y jHInt 8 Those who work all day in the midst of noise need peace and quiet ul night. Taking this into con- N. about Ihe time of Ihe Civil War.

sideralion, it is wise plan to try lo live in )u )n( lal Wiltcr neighborhood which is relatively quiet, as in- this way the sleep necessary to build up the reserve of nervous energy will be secured. Cj, Is there such a word as as used in phrase, "from A lo J. D. I A. II is said by authorities that the word Those of my readers who live in country district a lj( Mi( OI is will nol find this article of much interest, but.

I strongly urge that those who live close to olh.Ms, try to do their part in culling down on needless noise hv showing consideration. When you are plnyin radio, keep it turned low enough so that no can be annoyed. When you are driving your cm at night when may be sleeping, try to avoid unnecessary lonking of Ihe horn. Hemember, needless noise is waster of human energy. If the noises of those around you cui into your sleep and It Is Impossible to move, (hen about all you nay do Is to place cotton In your cars, or to devise ionic other plan whereby noise is prevented from you.

Using cotton makes it bind to hear ilurm clock in the morning, but at least il culs out ome of the racket you do not wish to hear. Rrndeis suffer from nervousness are invited to send for )r. Frank McCoy's article entitled "HULKS FOR mountain chamois which called an izard. What is the standard width of a railroad hack (he rails? G. K.

L. A. Railroads of the United Slates, Canada, and Knglniid rceo-nue inches as tho standard -N. M. How is lime reckoned at tho North VKHVOUS Jusl send your reijticsl lo ho McCoy Health Service, enclosing a large belf- ddresscd envelope and six cents in stamps.

QUESTIONS AM) ANMWKRs (Sinus Trouble) QUESTION: Vclmfl J. auks: "Is it possible for a (Copjriulit, iftli, h) cold to prove tho stnrtlng uolnt for sinus trouble?" Syndicate. in .) ANSWEF A. Since all the meridians converge on lil(; North Pole, time (here may be the time of any tlicse mciidians. In piuclice, explorers use tht' lime of Hie country in which they Q.

How many Speakers of the House have lie- come Pre.Mdcn! of the United Slates? T. M. A. James K. Polk is Ihe only man held Ihe of ol the House and liitwr became President.

i Q. When did the custom of wearing blossoms at a wedding begin? J. C. K. A.

The custom of using orange blossoms "I a 'tiding appears to have been introduifd inio rope nt the limit of the Crusades. Tho luntiiiar.e of the oruni-i) blohMim ourUy un d. 1 1.