The Sun from New York, New York • Page 50

4 4TiiisPOBTlTi WNSPORTATIDH NPfttOBL PROBLEMS PROBLEMSi MS MSW 1 tvow i ffdir xjrr lm VO fJ111i IS in 11IiIflI SPEXI ITS ITSnrMjfOVS ITSf ITSThretlses nrMjfOVS nrMjfOVSS nrMjfOVSThreeClases i dTbre ThreeClases lasses or WorI Work lte IIeatcd IetC tnt Surface SurfRI SurtuIilItqnbwa 3 I nridSnbua VII 11111 In fir Plans for llrt llrtjjfl Utt 11tI jjfl I ter er and aliI rnstor Ft tll HnmllliiK of oftbc llolli llollithe 1111111ji ji the Frclslil anil ra 1N1 iwiRfr Traffic TrafficThe 1rMtIThe r1nI r1nII I The T1 opening opnilK tr tlie tit tIi Erie Irie Cnnnl tiuI in 1S25 1S25divertedtlioKniit 11 182 182t1Larted 1 divertedtlioKniit t1Larted iverted to tll Unut grnt flow fuw uf wheat whlnt whatof traffic tralc 1 1of of the te middle mldd inidd1oMst ntIroni ttrull Irtnii it iomlr iLforntr iLforntrfleI5 former chun chuni Chil i nels thu St Lawrwicn Law rmr rncn and 111 Chesapeake ehelapenlieIyrute Chesapeakes Iyrute Bay routes to the tm Hudson HUlstn Hivtrunii HVrulrllnde HVrulrllnde1New made madeNew iNew New York city oly the national latonal port it ol entry fntr mitryand ad and centre cntr of expoit P01t triJ I tra rd Tho 110 leetilt leetiltj rtul nJl growth grivwt thQf qf th otv cly in extent xt nt nnd Ind in inHJOpoHHonijidde Inpt1t inbjnL iW HJOpoHHonijidde bjnL pt1t ii onm113th nade no IflEII cnry the th cftubli ctibIkhmcDt tlbI hi humet umet i ment of somo somomem meant of local tniusportu tniusportugtlon trllportaton trauspurtaz gtlon ton tiun Stage coachoi cLcii CH1 woro wer Introduced IntroducedIn 1ntrduCd 1ntrduCdIn I In 1S30 18 the first trt Imo nmniiiK rllil Ixttwceu IxttwceuBowling Itwou Itwour 4 Bowling UnK Green GreMuIHI and llloecker cckr tre tret tretTwo tTwo Lf Two To years later tho New York and anilHudson anrlv andBudson Hudson Hudon River Railroad Rllrad Company opened openedhorse opned opnedhor openeda a horse hor car cr railroad raJroadthe a1Irondthe the first fnt in this thisSoo4intry thisrnnlng thiso Soo4intry tr3frrunning running rnnlng from frm Prince Princ street strootjjporthward tlrt streetorthward jjporthward orhw3d orthward throuph thlouh tho tb Bowery Bow cry and andfFonrtb andPoirth nd ndFou fFonrtb Fou avenue aenueto to Fourteenth street streettracks Itreet Itreeti streetTe i Te tracks ilckg were wer ere flat iron irn bars hur spiked to totyWoodenrties tuO toWOOdentie tyWoodenrties WOOdentie ene cuffrom the dense woods a aSfew I aThw Sfew Thw miles mU mnlesfuplmer further 1urer north The cars car were wereJ wer weredeslgnl uegned designed by John Stephenson and anc closely closelyresembled c1ose1 c1ose1eombIecI Ir rmbled resembled the te stage stagoluchet stncoache coaches then In I ei eifctensive extve oxenve fctensive tve enve uso us The driver drhersat sat on a high seat seatI seatread seatove I overhead ove read mcad and operated oprted the thohrakes brakes hrkcs with withae wititfeet thiafeetM thiafeetMjSfTHla ae feet feetrii tl jSfTHla rii primitive JrEitv nvalhod of tranupoilu tranupoilup tmnlpolta tmnlpoltaIDdidnot IDdidnot in ndid did not prove pre to be successful Buccsful finan finanillyandthe fnan fnannyad flnaniLIand iLIand illyandthe nyad the motive power powtr was changed changedsteam changedetam ehangocis steam etam The he line lu was then extended extendedto exhmde to Harlem Hrlem village vilage lS37j 817 and nd later laterto latort laterto to Chatham tam Four Corners CornersThe C01nefJ C01nefJii CornereThe ii The eraof er 01 horse ho street Htrlt care car did not notilly notIYbgln notWely Wely illy IYbgln begin until untl the tl 50s The Sixth Sixthnd Sixt Sixthd nd Eighth Eghth avenue companies were wer char charad chard charered ered ad in 1851 1 1 and the tlo Second ond avenue avenuei avenueTird avenueThird i Third Tird avenue IVeIU nnd ulltho tho Ninth inth avenue uvenuain avenuopnellin avenueeoInpanieIn eoInpanieIn pnellin in 1852 1852Wlie 182EI ib ibElejateci Wlie Elevated EI Elejateci vat Lines Lnei ami ull Viumt hat The lucy ie Did DidTho UI IHilTJrn io Tho firstelevated tit Itrst elevaed ovated railway raiwn WI was com comited comtehi cornted ted tehi in 1868 186 It I extended only from fromery fromIpln fromry ery Ipln ry place to Cortlnndt CorlnndtItreet street on Green Greenstreet Grf Ureecli cli street strt and andCOlfit andeonsisteI consisted of I tingle car carated cd cdr cdby ctedS ated tedSan by by an endless endleln chain haindriven driven bJonary br btlonziry Jonary ton3rengines engines In 1871 tho endless endlesswaa endlewperedet wperedet was superseded by a locomotive locomotivethe loomothe loomothetheelented the theelented elevated structure Itructure was VI extended extendedThirtyflrst exende extendedThrtytlrst thlrt Thirtyflrst rt stree ttre and nd Ninth avenue avenueawhile Ivenue Ivenuewhie avenuewhile awhile whie other ntmilur Ilm llr linpw InH were being beingt Bt and abYl8the andby by 1BSO the Ninth Sixth Third ThirdSeond rimirdS rimirdSecond Second Seond avenuo enue i road vreru veru tru in opera Olle operaTh 1 te The Th opening opni of all I I these elevated elevttei lines linesto Ihesto lineslo to the longitudinal ongiudlnal development of ofnhattan oflmattan nhattan it that futt is 1 I its il growth from fol south Iouth IouthInrtlrcfler southnorth i Inrtlrcfler north rather than thu to it i its hynimutrica rYlletricnlex synirrietricaal lta al lex expanFlbi koi to tat eaet west wet ant and north northTho northpeciarcorngn northThe The pecliliari peciarcorngn configuration rIlgur tion on uf Min Mini MrrmItand hnll i Island ll ntiIKJ1gIu itt it Vijigth 1 mgU i out ou tur of proportion proportionwidth prportionJtwidtb proportionIts Jtwidtb Its width and the th I existence of the thoi th thadEat theand i and adEat Eayt Eat rier rlvertwo two grf great ct rt natural naturalrienjthat naturl naturlrH naturalrnade rienjthat rH made fl iow ew York rk end cnd Long difficult ut of access IcCes were the under underDg Imdlr Imdlrg Dg causes cues for the thl northward growth fiwwthtransportation glwth glwthtnsporaton growthtransportation transportation tnsporaton line line and the th la Ilk lack of oftension ofn510n ofS ofnslon tension east eMtand and wtl wtle west westThe feThes9 The unique uiquecondltonsII conditions HO compli compliIted compl complit Ited tho problem prblem of providing for fOI in ind inUafo intrnfliu traffic Uafo that in 1375 the State Stateautlrorizijmg Stateiture iture trpns passed an net authorizing authorizng the thepirmeu thepigiainieut I lanc pigiainieut Sihttmeot by UJeMayor lyor ofj ofNew ffcw YdrU YdrUn Yd Yd1fV Ydaicwor pirmeu t6 1fV wor pecial epecialboftrd 1idrd Ord1cr or commission xissirn xissirntbat is in inwoud that would devote all al its time and energy enoll energyowdroidni Itoward owdroidni adpr protidlng idn adefmato ad IUtte inwuia In 1 of ofplransportatiotl orp oftraneporthtii plransportatiotl plransportatiotll traneporthtii rtt 1 In 18 iSo the Raoul Rml Itaj Trant rslt it Board Hord came cameftnto came1toexitnce cameInto ftnto 1toexitnce Into existence In II T007 101 tOGTit it was washueeeeditj succeeded succeededPublic niloof 7 the JJ Public PubLioervic lcllvi ervic Conuniaoion lotunit ion ap apiv appO4ntMLl3yGov psnt snt pO4ntMLl3yGov Go iv Hughes HughesThe HnghTe 5 The Te Pulijto Ph lo cMloc SefIc Commission CommissionJThe Comml linnimisIuriaThe llo aThe JThe Te old Rapid Transit Board proved prove un unatisfactory uniatfactr unsatisfactory iatfactr satisfactory only becauDe l66 it didnot have haveitrwer haveereosh havepower power itrwer ereosh enough It 11 had tho right to out outlino out outJine lino netfroiltes ne ds but utdidlot did didnot not have the au auKthority anthorlty Kthority i trty actually acuulr to construct CODltrct them It ItRoould Itould Roould ould Jd recommend nd future improvements improvementsjoradvi3eJthe Improvementsoradviso I joradvi3eJthe oradviso vle resol the correction of existing Ixlstng iibuBes iibuBesKbut nbUW nbUWI rrbuaetijt Kbut I ijt lacked laked the power to order orer its i rpcom7 rpcom7anendatlons recom recommedatol recomniendationir anendatlons medatol or buggeotioiut 6UggtitOIUI carried Clrle out outPublicService outThe i ie The PublicService Pblc Public 1uvlce ServIce ConimiBslon COlnJBslon on the thecontrary I I contrary ntrar has the nglit rght to command rail rai i wa7 aycrrton corporations to make such clinngea clinngeait chalga a it may my deem dem necessary neces3r and further1 further1JrlnJore further furtheri furthermre JrlnJore i mre has Ia behind behlld it the he authority authoriy to en enorce enforce iforc force orce its It orders ordersTho orden ordersTimo iT10 Tho first fr New ew York ork subway the present presentTourth pre presentTourth ent entourh Tourth ourh tfvenuo ieuo Ar ertuo route routt was planned plul plun edln ed in in 1897 1897by 189b 1807William by William Wiiam Barclay Parsons In con cn cnIa conw3lsted Iltlsted w3lsted Ia or a double rack road rad under Broad lrad lraday1rm Broadyrayfrom liray yrayfrom ay1rm from the Battery Bater to City Hall Hal and a atyfour afour aour four our track trk road from 111 City Ciy Hall lnl north uorthllward uorh uorhlwar northard llward lwar ard beneath Elm Elm street atret Fourth Fourh avenue avenueoml avenueF ry rtyeeconij sent oml ntreot and Broadway to toJflnetysKth tolneY1i totlnetysixllm JflnetysKth lneY1i th btroel tr cL Here It divided into intotwo intoto intoitwodouble itwodouble to two double truck branches the West Wet Side Sideillvisiou Sideulvfsiou Sideq1ivIsiou illvisiou which continued contnued up on Broad Broadand Broadyand Broadray ray yand and tho East EIt Side division dlvilion which whichran whiohrn whichruh ran rn ruh beneath bneth Central entm I Park Pak to Lenos Lno avenue avenueand a avenued ad and under the Harlem River to 140th 191h 191ht 149thtreet Wreet treet where wher transfers tlanafen yere given to the thetThird thetlrd theIhfrd tThird tlrd avenue elevated eleatd line linoi lno lnoJat lineJest i Jest beyond beond tho 119th 19th street station stationthe atton attonterpld stationthe the terpld rapid transit road rod left lef the tunnel and andftoounted ando andnted anduted ftoounted nted an incline inclne to an elevated 1Ievated struc strucon strc strcron strucqre qre ron on which it ran rn along Westchepter WestchepterSouthern WestchestereIiue tchCtlr tchCtlrueSouthern eIiue ueSouthern Southern Boulevard Olcurd and BoHton BoHtonas BOHtonfa fa a a as far as Bronx Brnx Park Parkgj ParkPJIWUo ParkIn gj In PJIWUo January 1800 bid bil for the con conJptruction conictonof contuct1on Jptruction ictonof tuct1on of the isubwiiy were opened and andB and5jobn 1 5jobn 1i McDonalds proposition propsiton to dig digtunnel digetunnel dige tunnel for fr SIO 35000000 with J2700ooo S2700 2700000traforstations Ktra trforsttons traforstations for stations was wnlccepted accepted In In March Marchespmejrear Marche MarchIfIemoyarork IfIemoyarork espmejrear lo jforlc wooconnnenced wooconnnencedOtbb9rJ7 wlomenced wlomencedf wmcommencedii ii Otbb9rJ7 Ctb 21 1001 101 the subway was wasbetween wn wased ed between the City Kali Hal and 14th 143thIn 14thtIn 14thit it tIn In November the East Est Side branch branchopened branchiopne branchs iopne opened between Ninetysixth Nlnelyaith street streetthe streetd i dthe the Harlem Hulem River Early Eary in lOOTi 10 the thentown tie tient thet4fl ntown nt division divllon between South Ferry FerryJCity FerrydVItyUaiLundtlie err errICUY dVItyUaiLundtlie JCity HallandtUe HuIand tle remainder remailder of the theBide thesde the8de Bide sde division to Bronx Brolx Park were werefor woreMdr i Mdr for tramc trtf tr3mein In lOOfl 10 the West Wet Side Sidenoh SideDchwas I lfobwua noh Dchwas WUH extended extende to Kingnhridgo and andiAugust nt andAugust August uguet 1008 108 to the 212d street ttreet entrance entranceVan entrnce entranceVan I InCoJtlandt Van Coitlandt Park ParkBrookljn 1url larkr i iSrookl Brookljn Srookl Suliwai SUI I I The Brooklyn Bro klysuay subway between the Bat BattdBorough BatMd BatPaId PaId Md Borough ob Hall Halltatiou station was opened openedp opene openedJnuary January ln sry 190 l0S A few fe months Jontha later it itextended ittde itixtended extended tde to the Long Lug Island Railroad RailroadlatFlatbtwh Riroad Riroadrat RailroadS Railroadtion tion rat latFlatbtwh at Flatbuh Flatbush Bud Atlantic AtunUc avenue avenueteJBrooklynJinQ aclue aclueJio avenueseBrooklynjino teJBrooklynJinQ Jio is merely a continu contnu contnuf continutLou tLou 3 of the Manhattan llhttu road lt IK Its useful uxefulto nreful nrefultt usefulasi asi to tt the travelling travelng public lien ll lii in the thofact thett timect fact tt ct that hat I partly prty diverts rIVlrtl traflio trmo from fromBrooklynBridge frol frorriBrooklyn Brklyn BrooklynBridge Brooklyn Bridge Brlilgeand and Inct HO II lem le lessens renr enx the theigestion thesLlon theS thegtIon igestion at ttfth the Manhattan lIhattn terminal of offtfe offl oft ftfe fl structure etructureBrooklyn structureThe trctule trctulee The Brooklyn iipIIr ur Is I of great value valuetho valucto valuetho tho to Interboroucth Intrborough In il that it forms forl a ai atfuture ato tfuture to i future tmbwayn tubwnYr in Brooklyn Brok 11 The Theavenue Thevcnuo Timetir tir avenue Brf BIcokIYI Brooklyn oklyn subway was wawOUt wnHI wasout I OUt by tho old oll Runid Rnldrrallit Tranait hoard boardapproved hoardapproe hoardapptov approved approe apptov by the te Board of KHtiniute 1ltllle 1ltlllee Etiiiteil il ne 1007 107 It cojijistH COJli tt of 1 four track trackninnlngfrom trck trckinnlnw1rorth trackrunnlngfrorn ninnlngfrom innlnw1rorth tli Brooklyn lrocIlyn end of ofan orJt ofIajihattan Jt Iajihattan an Bridge under Illor I ho Flat Flatext 1Ia 1IaVUO Flatvue VUO vue ext etnllon xtmnirIori nitiori to Fulton street HtroetUnder Htrfot Htrfottdo streetunder Under tdo Fulton ntret Itrfot and mil AHhland AHhlandi Arhlald Arhlaldt i to Atlantic Atlanto avenue lvenu nnd out Fourth FourthBU lolrth lolrtht urtis urtisue BU ue to FortyflrHt orty nrHt atr atrt strett strettfere tr et etit fere it divides dlvId into two double truck trck trackone I one continuing contmtng out Fourth avenue uvunueHamilton nVJue nVJueJ9rt avenue5Fort 5Fort J9rt Hamilton Hamion tho other thlr running riinudngrjougb rjougb JI Fortieth ForUoll ntreet Ilrpet New ITtruchi ITtruchiatrcot UruchL Iltrochivjmue vjmue uEgbtY EgbtyIxUi lt atrcot Itrcut and Mtilwell HtiIwellp tUwel A I I I16erue I tIenue 16erue Ienue venu to tBtko Bath Beach Bensonhurst Bn and andCorwy aei andCony Corwy Island IslandIn nut I In Ii October 00 tobr 1807 107 the Public Publo Service ServiceCommiuulon Srvice SrviceCOlmllon ServiceCoiunmlsolon Commiuulon COlmllon authorized the construction constructionof cnstruoton cnstruotonor of Lire Fourth avenue route and drw dI up updetailed updetlet updetailed detailed detlet plans In May 1908 108 the te com commission cm cmlision cornzmiission mission lision received reive bids for the construction constructionof cnstruoton cnstruotonof of the proposed road rodln roadin In six sl sections BetOn at a atotal I Ii ai i total cost of about S1Oo 1S000000 1S000000Before t3000000Before Before Deore the theBoard Board of Estimate could take takeJ takeI I official lci1 action acton appropriate io the money moneyneceshary mone moneynecessary necessary neceBr it was served with wih a a tax taxI tx txI I payers injunction sworn out by Jefferson JeffersonM Jltern 1 Levy on Oi behalf bJhal of Comptroller Comptroler Metz MetzI MetzThis etz etzThit I This Thit injunction injllltlon prevented prevente the te board bor from fromawarding 1romItwcrdjnj fromawarding awarding Itwcrdjnj the contracts cntract to the successful successfulbidder 8uCfui 8uCfuii successfulI i i bidder until ntl the exact exct state ttate of the citys citysdebt ctY8 ctY8I cltyedebt I debt debt incurring Incurrg capacity had been bn deter deterintned deterlucd deterunbred intned lucd The Thl debt limit lmit question que ton is now nowin nowIn nowin in tholmandsofllezmjarniui tho hand of Benjamin Tracy Troy Mean Meantime Men Ment Meant time imL actual construction construoton is held up pending pendinghit pendinghit hit hit decision decisionThr dtceion dtceionT The llroodwmjlrvlnBtoii Irollha xlnlton noutf noutfI noute I Tim BroadwayLexington avenue route routeI I favored fa vorr by the Public Publo Service ervic Commission Commissionembodies Commissionembodies ommllol embodies four fOlror or five fve of the nineteen nieten routed routedoriginally rout routesoriginailyouthlned originally originaly originailyouthlned outlined outned by the Rapid Rpid Transit TransitBoard T1it T1itRonId TivinaltBoard Board RonId As amended it extends extnds from frm the theBattery theBatery theBattery Battery Batery through Church and Vesoy Vesoystreets Vesystreets Vesoystreets streets Broadway Tenth street stNt and Lox Lexington Lx Lxington Loxiimgton ington avenue to the north bank bn of the theHarlem theHarlem theHarlem Harlem River RiveI Hero Her It divides divldC one onebranch onobrno onebranch branch brno running rnning northeast norhelst Pelham Bay BayPark By ByPark BayPark Park the other northwest norhweat along aong Jerome Jeromeavenue Jeromeavenue Jeromeavenue avenue avenue to Woodlawn WoodlawnThe olawn olawnThe The socalled scled TrlBorough subway la 1 a aproposed apropoeed aproposed proposed line lne planned by Chief Engineer EngineerRice Engler EnglerRic Rice Ric of the old Rapid Rpid Transit Trnsit Board It Itextands I Itextands extands through Pelham Pelhm Bay By Park Parkthrough Pak Pakthrough Parkthrough through Westchester WeethCtr avenue and ad Southern SouthernBoulevard SuUlen SouthernBoulevard Boulevard Boulevar under undel the Harlem River down downThird downThir downThird Third Thir avenue and the Bowery Bower to and andacross andacr06 andacross across acr06 the Manhattan Manhattn Bridge Brdge under Flat Flatbush Flat Flatbush bush avenue extension exnion Ashland place placeFourth plac placeFourth Fourth avenue and Fortieth Forieth street 8trt to toConey toConey toConey Coney Island The Brooklyn portion prton of ofthe oftbe ofthe the TrlBorough TriBrugh route rout coincides clncidl with wit the theproposed theproposed theprolosed proposed Fourth avenue subway The TheBronx TheBronx TheBronx Bronx portion porion coincides cincdes with one ole branch branchof brnch brnchof of the BroadwayLexington BrodwayLexingtn avenue line lineTho lne lnehe lineThe The he Centre Centr street stret loop is I intended Intpded to toprovide toprovide toprovide provide 11 connecting cnnectng link lnk between the thethree thetbro thethree three tbro East Est River bridges brdge It I is a four fourtrack 10urtmck fourtrack track subway extending exending from the Delnn Delnnoey Dllan Dllano Delanoey oey street stret end of the Willlamsburg Wllsburg Bridge Bridgethrough Brdge BrdgeUirough Bridgethrough through Centre Cntr street strt to a I terminal di directly dirctr direetly rectly rctr below the proposed propd municipal municipalbuilding municipl municiplI municipalbuilding building buiding at the end ot the Brooklyn Bridge BridgeA Bridgel I A two track trck spur runs rns through Canal Canalstreet Cana Canalstreet street strt to the Manhattan Manhattn Bridge Brdge Elevated Elevatedtrains Elevate Elevatedtrains trains trin that croon the Williamsburg Wiiamsburg Bridge Bridgei Brdge Brdgei have their terminus below the thesame thesame i i w1ninus blow ground on te teI I same tme level as a the loop now building buidig The Theterminal Tbeterinal Thetermhiai terminal terinal of the Manhattan 1lnlttu Bridge will wi be besimilarly beBimnilarly I I similarly simiarly arranged arrangedThe arnge The Manhattan llnbatln terminal terinl of the Brooklyn Brooklynbridge Brooklynbridge I bridge was reconstructed rcWtrcted some sme time tme ago agoi agoto i to permit prmit of the Ihysicl physical hy ical connection cnnecton oi oiI ofthat i I that that structure strctur with wih the toe underground undergroundloop undergrundI loop This llsarrngement arrangement will wi permit prmit the theBrooklyn theBroklyn theBrooklyn Brooklyn Rapid Rid Transit Trnsit Company to torun torn torun I run rn its elevated eleatd trains over one bridge bridgethrough brdg bridgethrough through tire tht subway loop and back to toBrooklyn toBrooklyn I Brooklyn Broklynoveroneortbothrtwobrd over one of the other twobridges twobridgesproviding two bridges bridgesproviding 8 8iprviding iprviding providing an endless chain that can canhandle cn cnhndle canhandle handle hndle an enormous enorous volume of traffic trafficwith trfo trfowith trafticwith with case es and celerity celerityTwo clerty celerityTwo Two 0 fireat ret reat Improvements ImprovementsOf Jmpromrnt Of tho many great grat engineering engnerng under undertakings undertaking undertaldngs takings taking now under undel way on Manhattan ManhattanIsland Manhtan ManhtanIslnd ManhattanIsland Island Islnd the two greatest grtest are ar the Improve Improvement iprve iprveent improvement ment ent projects of tho Pennsylvania Pennlvania Rail Railroad Ri il ilroad road ra and amof of the New York Central Centrl The ThePennsylvania ThePennsylvnw ThePennsylfllnhiL Pennsylvania Pennsylvnw is spending spnding 100000000 100000000m 000 realizing ralzng the dreams drams of its Is former formerpresident 10mlerprsident formerpresident president A Cassqtt CassqttThe CassttThe tt ttThe The railroad riroad has bath three objects objec in view viewFirst viewFirst iew iewFirl First Firl it desires deir an accessible noesihle terminal terminalin terina in the heart he of Now York city instead insteadof of one remotely rmotely situated sltunte on the went wentIxuik Wlt Wltlmk westbank bank lmk of the Hudson Hudon River and connected connectedwith cn connectedwith ced cedith with ith downtown dOtowl Manhattan ahattn by means meansof men meansof of 1 an a unreliablelterry lnrelabl unr hIabl 1rry er service sric second secnd cond it itwishes itwisbe itwisimes wishes wisbe to obtain control of Long Lng Island Islandan Iland Ilandan territory of natural naturalwealth naturalwealth an undeveloped undevelopd teritor great gat nntura wealth welth third it aims to connect cnnet with withthe withthe withthe the New York New Haven and Hartford HartfordRailroad Har10rd Har10rdRailroad flartfordRailroad Railroad system and so establish etablih an anall anal anall all al rail ri route rute between New England and andthe andthe andtire the South and West Wet These three thre are arethe ar arethe the leading leaing considerations consideraton there arc area ar ara a great gelt many minor issues issue more more or less les obvious obviousi I To carry carr out its It plans the thf Pennsyl PennsylI PennylI I I vania baa hn been ben obliged oblged to undertake underake the theI thefolowing thefollowing I following folowing tasks tlks The construction cnHtrcton of ofa 01I ofa a tunnel from frm New Jersey to Long Lng Island IslandCity Itland ItlandCitro IslandCity I City connieting Cliltlng of two single track iron irontuh IronI irontubes tuh tuhe tubes beneath the tie North Norh River Rivll two twodouble twodouble twodouble I double track trck tubes under Manhattan ManhattanIsland ManhattanIsland Ianhattn IanhattnIsland Island and four single sln le track tubes tuo beneath beneathtim eneafhtho I the East Est River the erection of vast alt tar terminal tarmipal rII mipal buildings buldinps above the main fmbnur fmbnurfare fuhsu fuhsufac substirface II fare fac station statol between btween Seventh and Ninth Ninthavenues Ninthaenues Ninthavenues avenues Thirtyfirst Thlrtylrt and Thirtythird Thirtythirdstreets Thirtythirdstret streets stret the establishment etblshment of terminals trmInals at atHarrison at atHarrison Harrison Harrlfn 1 Jand Jamaica I I where wherethe wher wherethe the change from steam to electricity electricitywill electricitywi will wi be made the building buiding of a I connecting connectingviaduct connectng connectngviaduct connectinjviaduct viaduct and bridge from frm the the terminal terminalentrance terminalentrance terminalentrance entrance in Long Island City across acrO the theEast theElt theEast East Elt River at Randalls Rndals Island lland to the thePort thePor thePort Port Por Morris lolm terminal of the New Haven Havenroad Havenroad Havenroad road with wih a roundabout extension extensionthrough eterlon eterlonthrough extensionthrough through East Et New York to Bay Ridge Ridgefor for freight traffic trfc the elimination elmirton of grade gradecrossings gde gdecr08ing gradecrossings crossings on Long Lng Island and the elec electrification electrifcaton elsetrification trification trifcaton of the subway fub way divisions diviions of ofthe orthe ofthe the Long Island Railroad RailroadTrial Riroad RiroadTral RailroadTrial Trial Tral Trains Tains Late lte Till Year YearTlie YearThe lar lare The tunnels have been dug lined lned with withiron wih wihiron withiron iron plates and stiffened stilened with wih a concrete concretejacket ooncrte ooncrtejacket concretejacket jacket two feet fet thick They will wi be ready readyfor readyfor readyfortrial for fortrial trial tral trains late in 1900 10 and will wi be beopened beopned beopened opened opned officially ofclly in the spring of 1910 1010The 1910The 1910The The steel stel work wOlk of the Manhattan Inllattn terminal terminalhas terinal terinalha has been erected and most of the ha ben ercted mot stone stonework stonework 8tonework work set et in place The excavation oxoaton of ofthe 11 11the ofthe the Sunnyside yard In Long Island Iland City Cityis CityII is II almost completed cmpletd and preliminary preliminarywork prlminar work on the Jamaica Jamica terminal trminal in i pro progiessing proglesing vrogreasing greasing rapidly The depressed passen passenger pen pent passenger ger gel and freight fright stations sttos of the I I Hat Bat Rat at Flatbush Fltbush avenue were completed soma somotime somatme sometime time tme ago Electric Electro trains tralnl now are ar oper operated opr oprI operated I ated atd between thin station ataton and Hemp Hempstead HempI Hempstead I stead Valley Yaley Stream Far ar Rockaway Rockawayami ltkaway ltkawayI I and Rrickawav Rokawav Beach The he Lone Ionc Tulnfirf hlltul City dIviion division io la being connected con eot with lh the theRockaway theRockaway Rockaway Rckway division by means of the Glen Olendale Oen Oendale Glendale dale cutoff cutoffThe cutt cutoffThe The Pennsylvaina propose propOe to electrify electrifyin electriy electriyin in the near future futur the two double track trackdivisions trackdlvlslonl trackdivisions divisions dlvlslonl between Jamaica and Long LongIslnd LongIsland Island Islnd City the Manhattan lnhttn Beach Bah di division dlI division vision I lon the th North shore fhor division running runningto rnningto to Port Washington WUhingtn the branch brnch between betweenValley btwen btwenI betweenValley Valley Valey Stream and Garden City and ad the theLong theong theLong I Long ong Beach division rivlHlnn An appropriation appropriationalready appropraton appropratonalleldy appropriationalready already alleldy has hal boon hon made for electrifying electrifyingtho electr1yln electr1ylntho tho Long lnl Beach aoh division dlvllion and the work workwill workwi workwill will wi bo begun bgun this spring sprng After Aftr these theselines theselne theselines lines lne have been completed compltt the Oyster OytrDy Bay branch will wi be otortrifled Ctrfdand and the Montauk Montaukdivision Montuk Montukdlvllon Montaukdivision division equipped euipped with thethlrd tbethlrd rail rl11ar rl11arI as far faras faras as I Babylon Ubylon UbylonIn A AIn In addition ndton to lhe Qme 10 electrUwatlon elet ton of ltd ltdsuburban lt itssuburban suburban service serio tlOTNew TOY Vqmic Central Centraland Centraland Centraland and Hudson ludson Rlveljftllroadsliiw Rive I1ootlmhius tonll qJ planned plannedand and la li carrying carin oufeAgprul out rul stupendous stupendousundertaking 8tupndous 8tupndousudetaklnll uutupendousundertakings undertaking udetaklnll whose whote total ttl cost cot has been beenvariously beenvlrlolsly beenvarimisly variously estimated ltmte at from sroo 50000000 50000000to to S7 7G000000 OO The general peneral sohei schCve of ofimprovement ofImplovpment ofimprovement improvement call ol for fol the removal of all allgrade al nilgrade grade grde crossings the depression and in increase Inorlze increase crease orlze of the number of Its I tracks the en enlargement enlargelent enlargenmeumt largement of Its It freight and passenger pnsnenseryards pns passengeryards pnaer pnaeryard yards yard and the erection erecton of a I new nfw terminal terminalbuilding telmlnali terminalbuilding i building huidns which will 11 vi i1 bo th largest liot and existence ultero most mOt rnoetelaborate elaborate brt structure strudture tr tJ of Its kind Jultero In Inexistence Tunnel Tnrato to Be Beliliprond BeliliprondFrom Improved ImprovedFrom lumiprovedFrom From Fiftyseventh Ffyseventh street souilvward souilvwardin soull ward wardIn in the Park avenue av tunnel the rDbe roadbed roadbedwill will wi be depressed depreed ruB and will wl spread spre3 out Qtto QttoaOmmoae to toaccommodate toaccommodate accommodate aOmmoae ten tracks tracksinzted Instead IWt 5oftho 5ofthofour of ofle ofle10ur tho thofour four in present preent use The four inside insidetracks Insidetracs i side sidetracks tracks tracs of the proposed prpse ten willbeused willbeusedan wlbuse wII1be used usedas an al a main min line lie entrance entrnce to the theenlsre enlarged enlargedupper enlutgedtipper upper uppr yard yar two tracks tr will wi be used for forswitching forswitching i iswiohlng switching swiohlng and ad the theoutide outside four tour10r for sub suburban 8uhurbn suburban urban urbn trains trin which will wi occupy ocupy a neparato neparatolower se eepareMlower rt rtlower lower level The upper level for 101 through throughtrains thru throughtrains trains will wi have subtracks subtrcks while whie the lower lowerlevel lowerlevel rlevel level will wi have a double track trc tra loop lopatlt at its itssouth itsuouth south 10uth end near ne Fortythird Fortytbir street trt con connecting on onnotn connecting necting notn with wil the tracks trolB of the Fourth Fourthavenue Fourthavenue fourthavenue avenue underground road roadTho rad radTho roadThe Tho depression of the roadbed permits permitsthe peritsthe the extension of Park avenue for 101 its IU full fullwidth fui fullwidth width along a steel viaduct above abve the th en enlarged el enlarged larged yard yar from 1rm Fiftieth to Fortyfifth Fortyfifthstreet Fortyfth FortyfthBtreet street und Jnd the connection cnnetion by bY east elt and andwest nd ndwest andwest west viaducts viaduct of the to ends ond of streets stret be between be between tween tw Fortyfifth I rtyfth and Fiftieth FiteUl streets Btreetanow streeU streetsnow now noW separated seprte by the terminal terinal Muoh Muohof uoh uohof of the tle work has ha already been ben completed completedOn cmpete On the east et side of the yard yar a large lar area arealias Iro arealuis luis lu been been excavated excate to the final frllevel level and andthe andthe andthe the greater grater part prt of oUbo the steel stel work installed installedTlie Instle installedThe The Central Centrl has completed tho thf electri electrification electrifcaton eleotrifloation fication fcaton of its Is suburban suburbn tracks as far farnorth ta farnorth north norh as al Mount Vernon Veron on the Harlem HarlemQlvblon Harlemdivision Harlomdivision division and Yonkers Yoner on on the Hudson HudsonRiver Hudsn HudsnRiver HudsonRiver River division dlvl lon An electrified electrifed suburban suburbanservice suburbn suburbnsric suburbanservice service sric now is isln in operation opraton between btwen these thesetwo thes thesetwo two points pints and Grand Central Cntrl Station StationUltimately Stton Sttontml StationUltimately Ultimately tml ly the electric zone will wi be bex bextended ex extended extended tended tended to White Wbie Plains Plalnl and Crotonon CrotononHudson Crotnn CrotnnHudson CrotenonHudson Hudson No steam locomotives locomotves now nowenter nowentr nowenter enter entr the Grand Ornd Central Centrl Station staton or run runthrough rn rnthrough runthrough through the Park avenue tunnel south southof southof of the Harlem Harem River Through Th ugh trains trins are arecoupled ar arecoupled coupled to powerful pwerul electric locomotives locomotivesat loomotves loomotvesat at High Hgh Bridge Brdg below oow which point stoam stoamis is entirely entrly replaced by hyeletrcty electricity as al a amotive amotive amotive motive power powerSuburban pwer pwerSuburbn powerSuburban Suburban Suburbn trains trins are ar operated oprated under underthe underthe tinderthe the multiple multple unit system sY8tm that tht is each car carcontains carcntins carcontains contains cntins its i own motive motve power pwer and may maybe mayb maybe be run rn Independently Indepndenty This Tibi method Is Isthe Isthe isthe the one adopted adoptd by bythe the subway and ale fllovated fle flevated alevated vated roads Trains Trins for points plnt within withinthe witin witinthe withinthe the present electric zone on tho New York YorkCentral YorkCentral olcotfo York Central ntral leave the temporary tmpra terminal terminalunder terinal terinalunder terminalunder under Lexington Lxlngtnavenue LxlngtnavenueTe avenue avenueTho avenueThe The Te New York Now Haven and Hart Hartford Hart Hartford ford Railroad Rairoad is now nO operating opratng motor motordrawn motordrwn motordrawn drawn drwn trains trln between btween GVand mnd Central CentralStation Cntlll CntlllSttion CentralStatioti Station Sttion and ald Stamford ttan10rd Conn Cnn Suburban Suburbantrains Suburbantrins Suburbantrains trains trins running rnning to plnl points btween between Slam Stamford Slam10r Siamford ford 10r and New Iaonand haven and through trains trainsto trns trnsto to Boston Bltonand and other cities cites still Itl further furthereast furthereat furthereast east eat are ar drawn drwn by steam stam locomotives locomotivesEventually locmotves locmotvesEventualy locomotivesEventually Eventually Eventualy the electric elecro service 8rlc will wi be beextended beextended extended to Bridgeport Brdgpr and New Maven HavonBetween MavenBetween avn avnBtween Between Btween Grand Central Cntrl Station Stton and ad Wood Woodlawn Wo Woodlawn lawn at which point pint the New Haven Havonroad Hven Hvenrad Havenroad road rad branches off or from 1rm tho New York YorkCentral YorkCCltral YorkCentral Central CCltral and ant bears bal off ot to tho eastward eastwardpower eatward eatwardpwer eastwardpower power pwer is i it supplied ppled to tho tbemotr tbemotors motors by bYa a third thirdrail tWr thirdrail rail ri Above Abve Woodlawn WodlJwn contact cntct Js made madewith mde mdewib madewith with wib a heavily heaviy charged cbagdoverbend overhead wire wireHarlem wir wireHarlem Harlem larlem Branch Brneh Improved ImprovedThe Improve The Harlem Jarlem branch brnch of tho New Haven Havenroad Havenroad havenroad road has ha boon bn equipped cqulppd with six Ilxtracke Ilxtrackeand tracks tracksand trackeand and IB now being bing electrified elecrfed Several Svcial new newstations newstations newstations stations have been bn built buit between btwon the theterminal theterinl tireterminal terminal terinl at Willis Wiis avenue avnue and 133d 13d street streetand Itrt streetand and the point of intersection interecl9n with the main mainlino man manlne mainline line lne at New Rochelle Rhele An agreement agment agmentbeen has hasbeen na nabeen been made with the Pennsylvania Rail Railroad flailroad 1 road whereby wlerby whe ehy through thrugh trains train from Boston Bostonand Bton Btonand Bostonand and from other points in the East Et will wil run runover rl runover over these theo tracks trcks across acr6 the New NeW York YorkConnecting YorkConnecting ork orkCnnecting Connecting Cnnecting Railroad Rirod bridge brdge to Astoria Astoriathonca Astorath stora storatl thonca tl nco through thoJPcnnsylvnnia a tunnels tunnelsfrom tunnls tunnlsfrm tunnelsfrom from frm Long Lng IslandCity blnl1 Islancim City to New Jersey Jerseyand Jerseyad Jerseyand and ad over the Pennsylvania Peunylvanla tracks traeke1to to the theSouth theSouth theSouth South and West fe feiight Freight traffic trfc on onthe the New Havenroad Havenroadwill Haven road roadwmb will wmb Jrlght bo diverted dvei dvl via theHarlem theH lem branch branchand brnch brnchaICo bran li liard and aICo Connecting neclngltUtd Railroad route rute to tOl a new newterminal ne neterminal neeterminal terminal at Bay Dy Ridge whence whenct it will willbe wmb willbe be ferried 1eried across acros the upper bay to Green Greenvllle Greenvillo vllle vle NJ NJ1heNew JThe JT ppr The 1heNew he New Haven railroad ralrod which now nowuses nowWes nowuses uses Wes the Grand Central Cntral Station has ha been beenlooking ben benlokingmound beenlooking looking lokingmound around for some 8 metmc time for other othermeans othermeans othermeans means of penetrating pnetrtJg the lower part of of the thecity thecity he heciy city ciy TheConnectlng The Cnnecing railway raiway route rute serves servesvery servesvery erMver well for trains trainsand tr trainsand very ver wel through tbru passenger palleger ll and for freight fright trains trins but ii i too round roundabout rund rundabout roundabout I about for commuters Connection with withexisting wIthoxltlng withexistIng existing oxltlng subway and elevated lines lnes could couldreadily couldr1di couldreadily I readily r1di bo br established eltnbl led but these are ar too toocongested toocongested toocongested congested to handle additional additonal traffic trafficTho trfc trfcThe trafficThe The solution of the problem lien les iIe in inprojected Inprojeced inprojected projected projeced subways preferably Jrfemblythe the Broad BroadwayLexington Hradw HradwwavLxln BroadwayLexington wayLexington wavLxln on avenue aVfle route route It is ex expected exI exiected pected I ced that the Now Haven will wi either eitherput eitherJut eitherput put Jut In a bid hil for this route rute and under undertake undertalee undertake take its construction contructon or 01 will wi enter into an anagreement ana anagreement agreement a rment with the InterboroughMetro InterboroughMetropoitanlnterests InterhoroughMetr InterboroughMetropolltaninterests I poitanlnterests 10Itanntersts10r for its is joint operation operationrrlcn opration oprationI operationEries rrlcn I rll iirrat rrt Improvement ImprovementThe The Erie rie Railroads RaIroMs plan for transit transitimprovement transitimprvement transitimprovement improvement includes a new terminal terminalin terinal terinalInJerey terminalirrjersey in Jersey InJerey City elt a four track tunnel tunel through throughBergen thrugh thrughBergen throughBergen Bergen Hill Hi and ultimately ultmately the electri electrification electrifcton electriflention fication fcton of its 18 suburban service snlo The Thepresent Te TepreRnt Thepresent present two track tunnel tunnelhrugh through Bergen BergenHill BergenHi BergenHill Hill Hi accommodates acommodates in addition additon to the themain themain timemain main line lne the New Jersey and New York Yorkthe Yorkthe Yorkthe the Northern Norther Railroad Rairad of New Jersey Jerseythe Jere the Newark branch nnd the th Greenwood GreenwoodLake Grnwood GrnwoodJlke Lake Jlke division The New York Susque Susquehnnna Susue Susuehannanad Susquetianna hnnna hannanad arid Western now uses us the Penn Pennsylvania Pennsylvania nsylvania sylvania terminal tminal in Jersey Jery City Cit Under Underthe Underthe Underthe the present prsnt arrangement arrngement the existing existng two twotrack twotrck twotrack track trck tunnel has to toe be no used us for freight as aswell 1 aswell well wel as a passenger p8nger traffic trmc The new four fourtrack tourtraelt fourtrack track tunnel will be used for wi us passenger passengerservice panger pangersric passengereelvies service sric only Freight traffic trmo will wi then thenbe thenhe thenhe he handled handle entirely entrely by the old two track tracktunnel traoktunnel tracktunnel tunnel tunnelThe tunnelTht tunnelThe The Tht six sl tracks now in use us will wi be merged mergedinto mergedInto mergedInto into four tracks west of Bergen Hill 111 Two Twoof 1woof oof of these thel tracks will 1 be used under undel ordi ordinary ordinary ordinary nary conditions condlton8 for westbound westbnd traffic and andtwo andtwo andtwo two for eastbound traffic tranq During the themorning themoring themorning morning and evening rush rsh hour three threetracks tbre tbretrak8 threetracks tracks trak8 will wi he used in one one direction dlrectonnd dlrectonndone direotiorantJ direotiorantJone And Andone one for the lighter lghter traffic trfc going the etherway ether hherway therway way The Sugquohnnna Susuelulna will wi move from fromtho fromthe fromthe the Pennsylvania station to the new Erie terminal and will wi use stton the old route of the theGreenwood theGrnwood theGreenwood Greenwood Grnwood Lake ke division dlvltlo across the thoHaokonsack the110kent3ck theHaokensack Haokonsack 110kent3ck Meadows Mlad wR near Snake Hill HillThe Hi HillThe The trucks trks of the Newark Newak branch will wlrn wlrnnorth run runnorth runnorth north and east across acr08 the meadows neadowl from fromNewark fra trainNewark Newark on 01 a newly acquired auired ion 10 foot footright footrlgbt footrigbt right of way that hat connects conn ots with the thoGreenwood theGrnwod theGreenwood Greenwood Grnwod Lake Lke branch over a new bridge bridgeacross bridgeacross bridgeacross across the Hackensaok IackenHaol Rlvor RITer RITerIrrjen RiorIlergen RlvorIlrrRen IlrrRen Irrjen Hill 111 Tunnel TunnelBergen TunIBorgeir TulCI TulCIBrRe11 Bergen BrRe11 Hill 11 will wi be penetrated pne tated by a anec se series I ries rlel nec of tunnel alternating alornatngwrh altornatingwrih with open opn cuts cutsfor nts ntsflr cutsfor for a i i length of 4500 feet The now now bore boreIK I Ih4 IK situated Iltuatd a short hhot distance dlitano south louth of the theold tireold I Iold old tunnel The railroad ralrond tracks rkt will lbe lbe1orty1fetahove ba baforty beforty 1orty1fetahove forty feet above the present pr8lt level at Pall Palisade Pal Pallends sade Ide avenue and will wi reach rQcb a common commongrado oommonsrado commongrade grade at Hudson ludson County Countyfloulevard Boulevard ouleva Tho Thonew Thonew Thenew new terminal trmlnlHtaton station will I bo sot ft back bok for fora considerable distance distin from the a water waterfront waterfront waterfront front in order to permit prmit trains to connect connectwith connectwith onneotwith with tho MoAdoo transvemo tralVef tunnel tunnel1rom tunnel1romJoray from fromJersey fromJersey i Jersey Joray City Ciy to Hoboken HobokenPossengerx fobokeu fobokeuP lobokduPassengers Passengers lnget on the Erie will wi thus have haveaccess baveacell haveaccess access acell to Manhattan Mnnhatln through throuph tho North NorthRiver North NorthIlver NorthRiver River Ilver tunnels tunnel at Morton Mortol and ald Cortlandt Cortlandtstreets Cortandt CortandtItreets Cortlandtstreets streets Itreets It Is estimated estmated that tho new newtunnel newtlnnl newtunnel tlnnl tunnel electrification IJectrlfoatlon and terminal will willcost wi willcnt cost COltt20O0 30000000 of which wblo1 the th cost OOVt of tho thoterminal thoterinal theterminal terminal terinal alone nlon Is II S8OO 8000000 The Tie tunnel tunnelwork tunnelwork tunnIwork work probably will wi be completed by fall fallThe 1nl tallrho The MoAdoo MoAdo tunnels as a they tl are ar arL ti I popularly pop lry known include Inciudefoursln four single singletrack slngltrack ltrk track trk iron ion tubes tube grouped goupe in pairs pir and andextending andetending andextending extending beneath IMnerth the Hudson River Riverfrom River1rom lilverfront from New Jersey to Manhattan Ianhattl The Thenortherly Thenorherly Thenortherly northerly norherly pair pall extend exterd from the Hqboken Hqbokenterminal R9bokenterinimult boken bokentermiwU terminal of the Laokawanna Lkawanna railroad railroadtd rlrod rlrodtd td the theJoto foot footot of Morton Ilrt 8tre street eptW tl New York Yorkthenceunder Yorl Yorkthenceunder thenceunder tbencunder Greenwich Orenwloh street Chris Christopher OhrL qhrbtopher topher street tret end ttd xtcI Sixth Bli I avenue iWlmuetoo to toa toaterminal a aterminal terminal trminal at ttThlrtthlr Thirtythird street Interme Intermediate Intermodli Intandiate diate dli stations sfatol are rCat re Cat at Christopher Chrltopliel and andGreenwich ld ldOrenwloJ1 andGreenwich Greenwich OrenwloJ1 streets shotand and at the intersec intersection Intero Intersocion tion of Sixth avenue avenue with withNlnt1Four Ninth Four Fourteenth Fourteenth teenth tenth Nineteenth Nininih Ninn eonth Twentythird Twentythi and andTwentyeighth Ind IndTwentyghth andTwentyelghthstreeta Twentyeighth Twentyelghthstreeta streets ItrtA A spur spur is tobe tobeconstructed tqbe tqbecontr tobeconstruotod constructed contr te through Ninth N1 street tret from fromSixth fromSith fromSixth Sixth Sith avenue av nue to Fourth Fouth avenue connect connecting connet connctlag liatton Jlatt lag 1 1 the te subway lubyayThe subyayThe New NeV Jersey tunnel witH tcitl 1It theMari theMariliatton th Man Manhattan I i The north norh tubes tube were completed in inJanuary InJanua inJanuary January Janua 1008 l0al and regular rgular service servlcewM servlcewMInaugmt was wasinaugurated wasinaugurated inaugurated Inaugmt on February 25 from Ho Hoboken Hoboken Hohoken boken to Nineteenth Nineteth Ninete nth street A shorf shorftimo Rhor Rhortlmo slrortime time inter Jaer the service Bervlce was WI extended extende to toTwentyeighth toTwentyeighth toTwentyeighth Twentyeighth street sreet The south 80 th tubes tubesof tube of the te McAdoo loAdo system extend from the thePennsylvania t1e t1ePennsylvani thePennsylvania Pennsylvania Pennsylvani Railroad Rirod station 8tUOr in Jersey JerseyCity JeJe JerseyCity City under the tle North River and an up Fulton Fultonand Fuhtonand 1on 1onand and Cortlandt Corladt streets 8treOt to Church street streetwhere stret stretwh streetwhek where wh a I big bl terminal building iidlngocupying iidlngocupyingtwo occupying occupyingtwo oc upying upyingtwo two entire entr blocks blok has hi been built builtOne buit buitOne builtOne One of the south tubes has hma been ben dug dugand dugamI dugand and the other will wi be bored bore through throughshortly throughaborly throughshortly shortly aborly It 1s expected expeote1 that trnins will willbe wi willbe be running rnning through both bothtunnels tunnels by July 1 Ultimately Utmately the south tubeswill tubl tubes will bo boconnected bconnete beconnected connected connete with ith the theInterh Interborough rough subway sutwarby subwayby by means of a short extension through throughDey throughDey throughDey Dey street str to Broadway BroadwayMore BrodwayIor More Ior Til Tlan Than an 9noOOOOOII 810000 to He lt Spent SpentBesides SIHti SIHtiIde pcntBeslde Besides Ide the under un ler river tuh tubes trans transverse transver transverse verse ver tunnel Ls 1 being bln built buit that will wi run runnorth rn rnnorh runnorth north norh nnd south along the west wot bank bankof banI of tho Hudson ludson and will wi connect connet the Mc McAdoo MoAdo McAdoo Adoo Ado system with the terminals terinal of the theLackawanna ih ihLckawann theLackawanna Lackawanna Lckawann Erie rle Pennsylvania Pennsylvaniatat tat tatJersey and andJeley andJersey Jersey Central Centr railroads riro Altogether Alt gethEr the thenew thenew thenew new transit trnlit scheme Icheme will wi cost ot between betwen 00000000 00 and S700O 70000000 Including the thedowntown thedowntown thedowntown downtown terminal terinal and office ofce building buildingThis buidng buidngThis buildingTins This is the third attempt at mpt to tunnel tUI1el the theHudson theludson theHudson Hudson ludson River In 1874 Haskin Haskina Jaskln Jasklna a civil civi engineer worked out a plan for forconstructing forcntrotng forconstructing constructing cntrotng a brick tunnel tunnel1roml from Hoboken Hobokento boken bokento to New York through which to bring the thesteam thestem thesteam steam stem trains trin of the Now Jersey trunk trunklines trnk trnklne trunklines lines lne into nto Manhattan Manhatan with a terminal terminalstation teni torxnihhlstation 1 1staton station staton near Washington Wnbingtor Square Suar The TheHudson Te TeIudon TheHudson Hudson Iudon River Tunnel CQmpany was wasformed wasformed sfored formed fored to carry carr out the Haskln Ilkln plan planand planand planand and did construct CDtrCt 1200 120 feet of the tunnel tunnelsome tunnelBore tunnelsome some Bore under each cb shore shor shoreand and a little ltle under underthe underthe underthe the river Difficulties of construction constructionthat rver Dfcultes cltrcton cltrctonthat that could not bo overcome were en encountered encountered encountered countered The Te company failed ftied and andin andin andIn in 1880 1S0 the work was abandoned abandonedIn In 1800 180 the firm frm of Pearson PeaJon A Son Sn the theconstructors thecnstrctol theconstructors constructors cnstrctol of the East Et River section secton of ofthe 01the ofthe the Pennsylvania tunnels tunnfI undertook undertookto underok underokto to continue cntnu the Haskin tunnel backed by byEnglish byEnglih byEnglish English Englih capital cpital But Butthls this company compny compa also alsodropped alo alodrppd alsodropped dropped drppd the work worklttcr after adding 1800fret 1800fretto 1BOO feet feetto to the Haskin Iakln tunnel Pearson Peuson Son Sonused 80nuse Sonused used use compressed air ir in their work and andthat andthat andthat that is I said sid to have been bn the first fl time timecompressed tme tmeomprOed timecompressed compressed omprOed air was Ta used We in horizontal horizontalunderground horizonta horizontalunderground underground construction cnstrcton although alhough alt bought it ithad it ithad had ha been used in mining haft shar workThe work workThe workThe The Pearson Peron plan alto ailo was Wa to provide providea a tunnel to bring brln locomotive locomotve drawn drawnpassenger drawnpMenger drawnpassenger passenger pMenger trains trhm into i 6 New Newlorlc NewlorlcIn York YorkIn YoricIn In 1002 10 William Wilam MoAdoo OMo oo organized organizeda orgimizOI orgimizOII a I company cmpny which took over tho work workof of the two predecessors prdeJ His iA lea idea was WI to touse touse I Iuse use electric cars car to accommodate accomm dafe all tl of oftho ditire i the Hudson Rlverpossengertraflic Riverpaenpeltr traflic fo through throughtwo two sets stl of tubes A construction clRtrucloli com company eni enipany conipatty pany was wa formed fored known as the te Hudson JiudsonCompanies HudsonCompanies udsonCompnies Companies Compnies of which Walter Wnte Oak Oakman Oakmani Onkmanis man manis is i head Mr Ir McAdoo became hecaIe president presidentof pr pre adelt adeltor ident identof of the operating oprting company cmpany called caled the theHudson theHudon theHudson Hudson Hudon and Manhattan Ianhatan Railroad Rlrd Com Company Company Cornparty pany partytaken The engineering fnjnonK Vbrk rk was under undertaken dtaken taken by Charles Ch Chttrlejr rl Jacobsas obs chiefanil chiefanilJ chief chiefJ Vlpond Davies as 1 deputy engineerThe enginerTe engineer hginesrThe The Te financial fnncll endof end na 01 the operation was washandled washandled te prion WIS WIShndled handled hndled by Pliny Plry Fisk and William WiJan HBarnum HB UBarnum Barnum mum of the banking house hOWe of 1 Harvey HarveyFisk HareyIsk HarveyFisk Fisk Isk Sons Sns This TiB combination combinaton has 1M ac accomplished accomplsbed accomaplished complished complsbed the thoschema scheme that tht twiot twlc before beforehad befQr beforehad had hd fallen falen through thrugh The Tm plan for 10rth 10rthmammoth the themammoth tlm tlmmammoth mammoth terminal station terinal developed developedlater deolod deolodla later la on when wh it wag wa realized ralzd that thi passen passenger pln passenger ger Ier traffic trmo would ultimately ulimately bo exceed exceedingly exced excedingly exceedingly ingly heavy heavyTlie Tire Tlflelmont llelmont Tumid TumidThoBehnontorSteinwny TunnelTho TunsilThoBehnontorSteinwny ThoBehnontorSteinwny Tho lmont orStlnway tunnel tunnelhuni had hal its itsorigin it itsorigin origin in a scheme started atar0elln in 1887 187 to oper operate opr opratf operate ate atf 1 tunnel railroad rirad under Fortynecond Fortynecondstreet PortYMcondstret street stret Manhattan fanhattn from frm Eleventh avenuo avenuoto Ivenuo Ivenuoto ftvenuo ftvenuoto to and under the East Ent River to Long Island IslandCity IslandCity IslandCity City with wih certain crtain branches to other points pointsin point in the Borough lJrugh of Queen The length lengthof of the tunnel was to be five fve and a half halfmiles haltmiles miles mleR Tho company was Incorporated Incorporatedin Incorprted IncorprtedIn in that year as 1 the New Nlw York and Long LongIsland lnRIsland LongIsland Island Railroad RailroadIn Halroad HalroadIn In December Decmber 1800 180 it i got permission permissionfrom Pnnisslon Pnnisslon1rom from the New XfW York Board Bonrt of Aldermen Aldermento Alennen Alennento to carry carT on 01 construction constlucton In January Januar 1891 the State Stat I Lglslatm Legislature gl tlaturo granted per permission Pr Prmliion permission mission mliion for 101 work rk under undel the East PMt River Riverand IUverand Riverand and in October Octobr 1801 181 the Common Council Councilof Cuncl of Long Ln Island City gavo the necessary necessaryconsent necsr necessaryConsent consent con nt for forwork work on that side Ilde sidoof of the river riverWork rver rverWork riverVork Work was stopped in 1892 because becaus of a adynamite ndyamit adynamite dynamite dyamit explosion in the Long Island IslandCity Iland IlandClysht IslandCityshaft City Clysht Cityshaft shaft in which several lorl workmen were werekiHed wer werekilled killed kled anti nOi hurt hur A great grat deal of damage damagewan wan clone to neighboring houses housesIn hOUfH hOUfHIn In loot 10 August Belmont Blmont bought hough the thefranchise tho thofrnchise thefranchise franchise frnchise of the road rad and effected elected com compromises comprmiseR cornpromises promises prmiseR with wih those thosewllo who held damage damageawards damag damageawards awards awnrs against aganst the old company Work Workwas Wdrkwas rk rkWI was WI resumed JRumed in 1005 105 Legal complica complications complc complicaLions Lions to between betwon the city and the railroad railroaddeveloped rirad riraddevelopd railroaddeveloped developed developd almost from frm the start ltrt affect affecting nfect nfectIng affecting ing the franchise right rghtf nnd tho length lengthof lengtl of the tie term tem of grdnt grdntThe grdntThe grdntThe The city ciy contended that tUt the franchise franchiseexpired 1rnbl 1rnblexpIrd franchIseexpired expired on January Januar 1 1007 197 The courts courtshowever cur courtshowever however declined dlelned to uphold an Injunc Injunction Injunoton Irrjurmotion tion ton restraining rslrinng the road rod from 1rm carrying carryingon cr1g cr1gon on the work holding that th the t1o difficulty difficultyshould dlftly dlftlyshould dihIct1tyshould should lie settled stlot by a suit lult Borings Boringswere Borliigawere gs gswer were wer completed early In 1007 and the thesteel theatl tiresteel steel atl was ordered The road was to have been put in operation oprton in June of ofthe othe oftire the same sme year almost two years yearl ago agoMeanwhile agolIeanwhie agoMeanwhile Meanwhile lIeanwhie the legal complications omplctonl re remained yemained mained unsettled unsettledEarly un unsttledEarly malred tted ttedBrly Early Brly In IniO 1008 the Belmont lqlont Interests Interestsapproached Interst Interestsapproached approached tho Publio Publo Service Rerl Com Commission Commllsion Cornmission mission mllsion with a proposition I ropo ltlon to eell i the theroad thera theroad road ra to the city oly for S723 7230470 70 TIre lo com commission cm cmmlllon cornmission mission mlllon being without wituJt authority autborly to buy buythe huyt1le buythe the road rod on behalf bhalf of the municipality municipalityinado numlcllJalty numlcllJaltylnde made lnde application applcUon to the th Legislature LegislatureIn Lglslaturlf LglslaturlfMarch Loglsiaturin In March Marcir1008 1008 I for an extension ext nllon of Its Itspowers IK IKpwel itspowers pwel powers A bill blberror therefore was WUI Introduced Introducedvt Introducd Introducdat at Albany Albony permitting prlttnl tim thl purchase purchasenut purchalobIll I nut bIll not stipulating Itlpul ing terms or manner manuol of ofprocedure ofprodu ofproeeduio i procedure produ subject to the approval of ofthn otthe ofthe I the Board Bnl of Estimate Esthnateand ltlm telnd and Apportion Apportionment Apporton Apportonment ment flov Hughes signed the bill billon bi billon on May My 22 100 IOOL IOOLTunnel os osTunnrl Tunnel Tlmlll Matti Iatlr In Anr 1118nl 1118nlSinc heoncc heonccSince oiicc oiiccSince Since Sinc then owing to the condition conditionof clneJtlon of tho citys finances fDIn and the uncertainty uncertaintyns ns 11 to the debt limit lmit the matter Jattr has 11 been beenlield ben benbeld beenheld held in abeyance boyaoJalthoulh although tho Belmont BolmontInterests Blmolt Belmontinterests Intrltl Interests have hve made mde two other othtr proposi propositions propo propositions ltlonl tlonl tions to the Public Pb1c Service Serlc Coinmlwlon Coinmlwlonfor Conlnlulon Conlnlulon10r for the purchase purhae of tho tunnel anti its itsoperation Itl itsoperation operation opntlon As completed compl ed the tunnel tunnelextends tnnel tnneleJtendl tunnelextends extends eJtendl from 1r mPIrk Park avenue av mun and 11id Forty Fortysecond Fortysecond olty oltytcond second tcond street tret adjoining I ho Grand Cen Central el ejr ejrtrai tral trl BtatlonMo Blatonto and under undtr the ho East YIIL River Riverto nver nverto to to Fourth lourtb street trt Lone Lu UUod IIUJ city A AM i ii i i ib i 1 1n 4s si siimilt smalt terminal inl station nb has been bn bull bullon Wit Witont builtn on ont the south th side deof of Fortysecond Foi cnhtr street 10 100 eetwest fetwe8t tofThir of Third hlyrJ avenue avenue on the thesite th thesite site sie of one of tire shafts shafs used usd while whie actual actuaconstruction acul aculconstrcton actualconstruction construction constrcton was wal goingon goingonTlie going on onrhe The tunnel contains cntllnstwo two tracks trcksoon trcksoonnected con connected connected nected by bye a narrow nlrrow loop lop at Fortyseoow Fortyseoowstreet Foryoond Foryoondttad Fortysecondritifoot street ttad and Park Par avenue that tht permits permitscars prlt I cars operating opttng in thetunnel the tunnel to swing swlnjaroundand swig swigItoudnd swingaroundand aroundand Itoudnd rotumto rtum roturn toLng Long Island bld City CnyTi CilyThis CityFhis This Ti loop 10owM was wa designed slgne for tho use ol oltrolleycars oftrolley I trolleycars tley trolley ca cars isuoh such as 1 those th now now in mu ode on ontho onthe onthe the Queens Que en ns county trolley lines Inecon Inecontroled con controlled controfled trolled troled by the Belmont bnont interests Itrsts Itrststleeng inteie ts Aa Aathe Astheengi the tleeng theengi engineers eer eors of the ti Public Publo Service Srlc Com Commission Co Comlonjolntd CornmIssIon mission mlonjolntd pointed out In their recent 1Ont report reportupon 1por 1poruPn reportUpon upon uPn the proposition tepropslton of tho tunnel tuel com company cm cmpy cornpany pany py to dlpoe dispose of the th tube to the city citythe oly olythe citythe the loop Is at present too to narrow arw to permit permittho prit pritthe permitthe the operation oprton of oUrins trains made me up of ohoverl ohoverlCI Severn Severncars several severalcars cars CI or the operation oprton of single cars cr of tho thosubway tho8ubway thesubway subway type typeShortly typ typeShortly Shortly 8holty before bfor reaching rching Third avenue avenuethe jvenu jvenuthe avenuethe the twin under river rver tubes tube widen out ouland outad outand and ad unite nlttotor to form a single sngle large lrge chamber cluunberIn In the area ar between betwen the tle in and the out outbound outbound outbound bound tracks west WOt of Third Thli avenue avenuAtton avenuGstation a astation station Atton is i placed plc similar smilr to the plat platforms plt plttors platforms forms tors at express expres stations sttlo sln in the Manhattan Manhattansubway Manhattansubway nhatt subway Above the tbE platforms pltfor is a mez mezzanine mezznlne mezzanine zanine znlne floor foor reached aached from trm below blo be1o by a anumber alumb anumber number lumb of stairways strays From From tire mez mezzanine mezzanine mexzanine zanine floor nor two escalators escator or moving movingstairways movingstalraYR movingstairways stairways operate side by side each eachwith eachwith eachwith with a carrying capacity cpcity of 10000 100 per persons persons sons an hour hou The escalators esclator ana ar at atright atrg1 atright right rg1 angles angl to the the tracks and ad have Mveexi an naexit anexit exit exi within wlthl the sidewalk line lne They Theyar are aroso areso so arranged nrmged that tht thatin in i ruah hours llur both botinnay botinnaybe may maybe my myb be operated oprte in the same lme direction directionThe dloto dlotohe directionThe The he tunnel tunel is I far below blow the surface surfacetho 8urac surfacetime the top of the tube tub being bing over fifty 1tytet 1tytetbneth feet feetbeneath feetbeneath beneath bneth the street strt level at Park Park avenue avenueTlio avenu avenueTire Tire Tlo tracks trck ard ar at least let fifteen ftn feet tet further turher turherdown furtherdown urtlieidown down tunnel tunnelis The Te unusual uuul depth of the tunnoIs tunl tunlIs Is due to the sharp shr dip made in order orderto to pass pS8 under the bed bd of the East Et River Riverand Ulverad Itiverand and ad also alo to the steep grade gde of Forty Fortysecond Fortysnd Fortysecond second snd street Rtrt westward wetwar from fromthe the river riverfront rivr1ront riverfront front This Thil great grt depth will wi prevent preventinterference prvent prventinterernC preventinterference interference interernC of the Belmont tube with withfuture wlb wlbfutur withfuture future futur sub ilbays ways projected prjetd by the city cityThe cityThe cityThe The New York and Long Lng Island Isld Rail Railroad Rl RaLroad road rod intends to make mke connection cnnecion with thf thfmunicipal the thmunicipal municipal municpal subways including the pro proposed pr proposed posed routes on Third Thirdand and Lexington Lexingtonavenues Lkion Lkionavenues Lektngtonavenues avenues tho present prsnt Fourth Four avenue avn tun tunnel tunnel tunnel nel and ath the th proposed propsd lines Une along alnSvnth alnSvnthand alongSeventh alongSeventhand Seventh Seventhand and Eighth Eghth avenues In Long Lng Island IslancCity Isld IsldCity IslandCity City the tunnel tunnl comes cme8 to the surface 8urac east eastof elt eltof eastof of Jackson avenue near the Pennsylvanit PennsylvanitLong Penylvana PenylvanaLng Long Lng Island Islnd Railroad Riroad terminal telmlnalPhyicl telmlnalPhyiclconnecion Physical Physicalconnection Physicalconnection connection connecion has been bn established estlbUshed with the theQueens theQuens theQueens Queens Quens county surface IUrfn roads in Lon LonIsland Lng LngIsland Long LongIslandeity Island Islandeity City and the tunnel could be placed plaoecIn plcd plcdin In operation olrtlon within a I very ver abort 8hor time after afteran afteran an agreement agrement were wermldeitb weremnadewitlr madewith a tenant tenantFreight tenantFelcbt tenantFrelbt Freight Felcbt Problem ProblemThe Poble PobleThe ProbicinThe The question queston of the removal rmoval of the the steam steairrailroad stllm stllmrairod steamrailroad railroad rairod tracks trlck of the New NwYdrkCerrtrai NwYdrkCerrtraifront York Centra Centrafrom Qntra Qntrafrom from the surface surac of Eleventh Elevnth avenue avenueth am amthe ana anathe the th substitution substituton of a freight subway 8ubwly has hasanimportant ba bitsan important limp an rnt bearing balnl upon up tho th thotraniporta thotraniportation transporta transportation tra por ton tion problem that faces 1aC New York city cityTho cty ctyTho cityTho Tho Public Publc Service 8rlo Commission Cmml810n has hasbeen bitsbeen been bn impressed imp 1 with an Idea Ide that thatseml seems seemsto to be blncraslngly increasingly favored favord by Jy competent competentauthorities cmpt compet nt ntauthorties ntauthorities authorities authorties that the tII tloluton solution of the West WestSide WestSide tSide Side track trcl problem must muljbavo musthmave have a 0 relation relatioito rlti nto to the general gnerl betterment bterment of offrlght freight are distribution aretrlbutlon IIStribution tribution jn ntheertrQity the entire city and i1l especially especiallyIn ai In the Borough Bor ugh of Manhattan pc Merely Merelyto 1lerb to build buid an expensive expnlive railroad ilrd to perform performthe prom the same sam work that is now being bing per performed performed formed fomedbytba by the surface 8urnotrackswo tracks tra ks would ld pr prfomedbytba not notdecrease notdecreaeHie notdecreasthe decrease decreaeHie decreasthe the expense xple of the freight 1rlght han handling ha bandung dUng The Th plan pl plantlmst ntb that will wlprlt permit of adop adoption adb adOption tion ton should 1ho llesntht lessen thecost the foot Fooet handling ofhandlingfreight or handlingfreight ndh gfreight freight insteadof Iltld increasing inoralng it i i iOne tOne One of the drawbacks drwbaoks to the commercial commercialprosperity cmmer11 cmmer11prprtY commercialpOp5yfty prosperity prprtY of the te city clyl is the great grat expense expenseof epca of handling bdlng i freight frlg The ho amountAof amountAoffreight amountt of of1rlgbtrcing offreight freight 1rlgbtrcing truckingjs constantly constnty increasing increasingMerchants inc1alng inc1alnglerhJt inereasigMerchants Merchants lerhJt are complaining cmplalg because becauesof becauesofthe euQ1 euQ1the of ofthe the time tme taken tak and ane expense xpe Incurred IncurredIn Incund IncundIn In receiving rciv goods 8frm fronvand ad delivering deliveringthem delve them to the railroads rlrOs and ad shipping hlppl gllP lines The enormous enorou use ofthe of the streets strls strio1sfor strio1sforfreight I for forfreight ro roCrljht freight Crljht purposes llres is a serious serou obstacle obstacleto obtle obtleto to passenger pnge transportation trnprtatl Surface Surac cars carson cr carson on some Aome01 of the streetacannot strtonnot transport transportthe trnsportthe the should number numbr of passengers penger that they theyshould tey theyshould WIlBiifig 111j11 Plan PlanWilliam Piln PilnWiim PlanWilliam William Wiim Wigu Wilgus former torer chief en engineer enginerof engineer gineer ginerof of the tbeN6w New York Central Cntrl Rail Railroad Ri Railroad road rod and at present head of the Amster Amsterdam Amsterda Amstordam dam da Corporation Corortion has presented presentd plan planfor planfor for 101 on a improved Imprve system fstem of freight freight dis distribution distributon dietributlon tribution tributon throughout Manhattan 1Janhattn that thathas thathlfaorbly thatimnis has hlfaorbly favorably impressed Inprfed the Public Publo Ser Service Sr Srvic Service vice vic Commission Cmmlelon Briefly outlined outned the theWilgus tb tbWigus thWilgus Wilgus Wigus plan Is I to tolay lay out a general freight freightyard frightyanl freightyard yard on tho Hackensack Iaceulck Ilaci enrrack Meadows Ieadowl in inwhich Inwhich inwhich which freight consigned conigne to this ths city shall shallbe shl shallbe be transferred trnsferJd to small smal cars crs and run by byelectric byelectric byelectric electric power through a tunnel under the theNorth theXortb1verand theNorth North Xortb1verand River and then into an underground underground1ml undergrundbelt belt line lne encircling encrclng tire waterfront watrrnt of Man Manhattan Manhattan fanbatan hattan batan Island Iland with wih branches hrnelel to all al the theimportant tbeImprnt theimportant important Imprnt railroad rairoad and steamship docks docksThese docksThee docksThese These Thee small smal freight sHibways tbwaya would lld lldcnnecte be beconnected bconnected connected cnnecte with the trunk lines InO terminat terminating tem1lnlt tem1lnltIng ing in New XewYor York and also by means melU8 of ofthe orthe ofthe the Hudson Jmisn River lUvIr tunnels with all al the themain themain themain main railroad rairoad lines lnes terminating terinatng in Ne New NewJerey NewJersey rJersey Jersey At each connection cnnection with these thesemain the thesemain main lines lne freight would be transferred transferredto tranlered tranleredt to small smal cars crs from which it would not be beremoved bremove beremoved removed remove until unti placed at the dor door or orwithin orwihin orwithin within wihin the warehouse of the consignee consigneeAlthough cnsigne consigneeAlthough Although Alhough the fe small smal subways would not notin noiIn notin in the beginning bginning reach rtcl all business businesshouses bUliness bUlinessbousts huinsahouses houses bousts and freight handlers hadler yet yt as 1 the thesystem thesystem thesystem system Increased incret nearly all al might be beapproached beapproached beapproached approached approachedThose approachedThoe approachedThose Those Thoe responsible for thisplan this plan assert assertthat assertthat that it it would wouidbe be practicable prctcble to remove the thecar th thcarbolefrom tireoar et car carbolefrom bodies from the small smal cars erand and without withoutdisturbing wUboutdirturblng withoutdisturbing disturbing dirturblng their contents content carry crr them by horse hore or mechanical mehanloal power pwer to the ware warehouse ware warohiouseof house houre01 hiouseof of the eonalgne CMlgQ8 At recent cent public hearings orlng ontheWilgus ontheWilgusplan ontheWigUI plan ik number mber oC other plans pl were pre preHentMl pre premrtd HentMl Kltt mrtd Congreiman Coogremnn Charles Cbarle Fowler Fowlerof Fowlrof of New Jersey Jer6 filed IFdR da a plan by which deep dop freight subwaysmight ubwaysmlsht 1x be operated operate by byan byIn byan I an In air ar current crrentor or electricity eletrcity The Mer Merchants Merchantl Mertruants chants chantl Association Aesltpn As clat1pn presented preente a plan for foran 10r foran an elevated levat freight fr lht railroad rallod and BUg auggestlonswere BUggetoMwer suggestlonhwere gestlonswere made by various getoMwer bvarouB organiza organization organlz organizationsuchasthe tion ton tionsuchasthe such sucha as the Reform Reformn5ClUb Club and Ind and tho City CityClub City CityClub Club I ITII ClubThe The TII Hast EsitRher tRvr niter Drldgr DrldgrAt OrldI UridgesAt At the present preent time tme there are four fourbridge 10u 10ubrldgM fourbrdgea bridge spanningthe spanQlngtheEt East River and a1 con connectlng oonnectlg connecting nectlng nectlg the tbe western wetem end ind of Longjsland Longjslandwith Jong LozrgsIandwith land landwith with Manhattan Takeirln Taken In ManhtanlTakfD order orer1rom from fromsouth fromsouth south to north norh hey are the Brooklyn BrooklynBridge Broklyn BroklynIflCg BrooklyrrIlfidge Bridge IflCg the Manhattan lanl ttn Bridge Brdge he Will Willlamnburg wmlalburg wwiamnsburg lamnburg lalburg bridge brgE and the Queennboro Queennboroor QueenPhoro 1be or or Blabfewells BlAckwels Island I land Bridge Brdie The To first firstthroe fT firstthree three are ar suspension Ruspen lon bridges brldI thatIn tu111 the theframework th th1Imowork theframework framework 1Imowork of the brldtfo bridoproper ridgllpr proper Is 11 hrported sup supported 8U 8Upore ported pore by 1Jgreat bygreat great cabloi cble made up ul of ota a mul multitude multltld multitflIe titude of fine wlrfti The tltld fne wlr61 Queenslwro QueenslwroBridge Quenhor Queensbor5Bridge Bridge is a a cantilever cntlever structure trcUf which whichmeans wirloI4means means men that tllt Its tracks trk8 and roadways wblcJ aro aroheld aroheld areheld held up by by steel Iteel trusses tnweTho trSM trSMThe trussesThe The Brooklyn and ard Wllllnmsburg WUlmburS WliIiarinsburbridges brilse bridges have been in operation opemton for tor or somq somtutime time tme The Quoonaboro QUODboro Bridge Brdgf will wi ome be beready berMy beready ready rMy for traffic trmo In I a few weeks weks The TheManhattan ThoMlnhattl TheManhattan Manhattan Mlnhattl Bridge Brdge still sti Is under construe construetion corrstvuoJtion tion tonrblt but la expectedto eJpecedto ho completed cOlataO by January tnuar101 lop A A Mftli Iftl bridge hrdgo across ar0 the theKant UuJ UuJlant tluFavrt by Kant lant River known as 11 this thl New York YorkConnecting Yor ok okConnecting Connecting cOImeotng Railroad Rlrod Bridge has been beenplanned b8 beenplauned 1 planned pl but butu aa jot ye its It I actual acullgoWtroo acullgoWtrooc construe 5 I I 11 1 4 4has ttton tton tlnhDot has not been undertaken undere It tw will willJoin willjoin Join Joltl the Bronx Brn teri terminal of the New Haven HavenRailroad Hve HavenRailroad RUrdththetng Railroad with theLong Island Ilan City Ct ter terminal tor torminal minal mln of the tbePeDylvalaRlrd tbePeDylvalaRlrdoldBoky thePennsylvanlflailroad thePennsylvanlflailroadIie Pennsylvania Railroad RailroadTho Tho old oldDoWft Brooklyn Bridge Brdg the th granddad granddadof rndcd rndcdof of all oldBoky East Est River bridges lrdg reaches rchs from fromPark frm frmPork fromPark Park Pork row Jwlanlltan TOWf Manhattan to Hands and andWashington andWlblngt andWashIngton Washington Wlblngt nstrt streets Brooklyn Brokly It com completed CI cornpleted pleted Its Is twentyfifth twentyftth year yer of service serviceon erhe erheon on May My 24 2110 1908 The Thobridgewaebegun Thobridgewaebegunon bridge brdpewae was begun begunon bgn bgnon on January Januar 3 18iOrand 18iOr andwa and was opened oin for forfoot fortot fortoot foot tot passengers pngara on May fy 21 2 1883 18 The Thecable TheCble Thecable cable Cble road rcdws was put 1nopltQn inopermttlQn In operation on onSeptember onSptembr onSeptember September Sptembr 24 ol 01 the tht same sme ycarand year an on onJuly on1uly onIuly July 1 1893 was wa leased estQ to the th elevated elevatedrailroad eleyatedrlra oleyntedrailroad railroad rlra Interest Interstenow now merged 11 1 In the tnoBrooklyn thOBroky theBrooklyn Brooklyn Broky Rapid TransitCompany TransitCompany3SOOOO Trns TmnaitCornpttnooG CoJ l21O 3SOOOO 21O ooG ki Jay JlayThe JYThfstd JayThe The Thfstd first Ilretdaythe day ytb the cable cbla Kted rd ro4sdw was was a oper operated opr oprI bperated I ated atd It carried crlod 8528 passengers This Thiswas T41 Tl1ewas I was wal considered consderd an an enormous tmOrol8 prpr rush t1b To Today To Today day dy it is II estimated estmtd that tht at least la8t21O 2COOOO 2COOOOparsons 2G0000I I parsons cross crSJho croaatho tho Brooklyn BrookinBrdg Bridge daily dailycarried diy daIIycarried prn carried cre by byeJ elevated ted trains trlns and bytue bytuethree I tb the thethree three tbr or orfour four thousand thousnd trolley trole cars ct that thatcross tot totcrs thatcross cross crs the big span spn durng during every ever twenty twentyfour twentyfor twentyfour four for hours bourPmctcly Practically from 1rm that tht time timoand tme timeand and increasing Inoaling up to the present presentthe prsDt prsDtthe the bridge crush orsh has fs been ben a serious seriousproblem seriousproblem ro Jproblem problem bfge itOrOly for city officials ofcl and a source souzcebf souzcebfI urof urofI of ofextreme I extreme etrme discomfort dl mror and inconvenience Incnve enc to toresidents tor toisidentB residents ent80r of Brooklyn Brkly BrooklynMinor Minor 1Inor improvements tnprov in1rov mimts nts havebeenmade havebeenmadefrom hv have beenm been mde mdefrom de defrom from time tiototme to tptlme time but only recently rcnty baa haaany baaany any serious srou effort torl been ben made mde to abate abatetho abat atrotethe the th nuisance nuisnc and to provide pvide fairly fairy ade adequate adequato de dequate quate accommodations acmmoatons for the throngs throngswhich tl throngewhich op opwhich which travel trvel back and forth torh otlu1cioas across cro the thebridge thebrd thebridge bridge brd every day overcrowding The ov rr wdh1g of oftlie oftbo oftire tire Brooklyn Brklyn ever Bridge was ia due dueln in the Pst Pstto past pastto ast astto to two important Imprt defects defect in the transit transitscheme trnsit trnsitBcheme transitoheme scheme One On of ortb these defects defect81 a that tliatthe thatthe thatthe the Brooklyn Broldyn Bridge Brdg formed fore the tm only onlymeans onlymersof onlymeinsof means mersof meinsof of communication ommuncton between bt Man Manhattan Mn Mnhtan ManUbatten batten htan and Brooklyn Drokly outside out8ef of the theInadequate th theinadequate Inadequate ldequ te ferry fer service rlc The other was wasthat wastht wasthat that tht the limited lmit apace apac of the bridge brdgenc end endwas enc encwas of used terminal terminalwhere terminalwhere was necessity necssit uB as a atmlil atmlilwher where wher outgoing and incomingstreams Inmlng of ofpassengers ofpslnser ofpassengers passengers pslnser were wer brought faceto fat fatwihn Taco Tacowithin friedwithin within wihn narrow confines onfn The result 8lt has liasbeen baabeen i been a ncngoston congestion equalled equl probably probablynowhere prbnbly prbnblynow probablynowhere now nowhere hro else ele In the world worldSome worldSome I Some slight deflection deUeton of trafflcfrpni trfqCrsnn trafflf ornthte ornthteBr9oklyn the theBrooklyn tb tbBrpoklyn Brooklyn Bridge Brdg was wls accomplisted lel four fouryears foU fourkra4go years kra4go i jjgo by the opening opculvofteIii opculvofteIiiianmsburgh of JtSjeiWilt JtSjeiWiltlanisburgh 11 11lamsburgh lanisburgh 3 Bridge Opeiriort1 The Te opening of the tlieBrooklyn theBrookly theBrooklyn Brooklyn Brookly extension oxtplon of the subway in inFebruary InFebra inFebruary February Febra 1908 10 also a8 tended tndedrty partly rUy to toameliorate toameliorate ameliorate amelort conditions condtons at the Park row rowterminal rowtermin rowterminal terminal termin The Te effect eret of the te opening openingthese openl openinof openinofthese tthe these the two new De lines lne of transitJiowoVer transitJiowoVerwas trn owor oworwa was wa only temporary temporr The To i ipopulaton ihan ihanpopulation ihcrpaSinJ ihcrpaSinJpopulation population populaton has once onCemOl6 more swelled selT swehf dftl dftlbridge llut llutbridge tt bridge crush crlb to Its It old proportions proportD proportionsonly fTbi fTbionly ri rionly only hope of permanent relief rleflo lies in 16thf i th thManhattan t1IManhattan Manhattan llnttn Bridge and ad the Centre strW strWsubway stt sttsubway sttetsubway subway loop now building buiding Theywill Teywilb Theywltlbocompleted bb bbcompleted completed complet by January Jau 1 1910 1910Temporary 1010Temporr 1910Temporary Temporary Temporr Relief nelef Measures MeasuresMeanwhile Meaiurr Meaiurr1e MeaiuresMean4ho Meanwhile 1e i temporary tcri measures nea have havebeen hv hvbeen been bn adopted adoptd The Theelevatd Theelevated elevated tracks trcs tracksbeen have havebeen haveben been ben extended extnde across Park Pak row to City CityHall fty ftyHail Hall al Pork Pak longer longertins longertrains trains have hve been bn putin putinservice puthisrlc pdtinservice service srlc and through trough cars orJV have been bnr run runacross runacross across aO the bridge brdge at all al times tme Tinder det the theold te teold theold old regime the antiquated antquat cable cble cars Ca were wereriih wL werecOn cOn across the tie bridge during morning morng morngand Thirnlngand morningand and evening rush rua rushhoura hours houl and an bredowl breakdownsoccurred breakdowns breakdownsoccurred occurred with 1 oor frequencyandregularity frequencyandregularityThislmprovemenfwos fruenoyanc1begularjtyThIaimprovenmentwas uencyaDdrKlarit Thislmprovemenfwos spring Th 1mprveientwa of 1808 1808Recently 10 1008Recently inaugurated Irug i auldr itl ted in the tliespring tie tieeprlng theprlng Recently new loops for bridge loco locotrolley lol lolfoley localtrolley trolley foley cars car carawere were constructed cnstruot at the te Brook Brooklyn Brk BrkIyn Brookiun lyn end and the number of existing exitn loops loopsfor lops10r loopsfor for through trolley troley cars at the telfnttn telfnttntrminal Manhattan Manhattanterminal Manhattanterminal terminal trminal was WA increased Inores The Te roadway roadwaywas oadwayWI was WI widened not long ago n1ot to pennitthe pennittheestablishment permU iermnhttheestablishment eestibllhment establishment estibllhment of physical connection connectionwith conneton connetonwih connectionwith with wih the Centre street stt subway subwayThe tubwGY tubwGYThe The Williamsburg Wiimbur Bridge Blldt known knoW also alsoas alsoa as a the New Ne1E0iverBceextends Ne1E0iverBceextendsfrOm EaeCRIver Bridge extends extendsfrom extendsfrom from Clinton Clnton streetJManhattan st J3 ttntHave to toHnve toHnvemeyer Have Havemeyer meyer street stret Brooklyn JklyTbe kljn The tower towerfoundations towerfoundtlona towerfoundatIonaarelaidat foundtlona foundatIonaarelaidat foundations are laidat Iid Delancey Ielanceyelipand IelanceyelipandaLa elanceyslpand elanceyslpandata slip and andat at aLa a pl point between Ietwen Fifth lh and Sixth streets streetsWilliamsburg strets stretsWIlam streetsWilliamsburg Williamsburg WIlam bur Tlie he bridge brde was waere erected under undel the provisions of an act panted ps by bythe bythe bythe the Legislature in 1895 Three Thre commis commissioners cmmls cmmlssloner commissioners sioners sloner were appointed appinte by the Mayor of ofNew ofe ofNew New York and three thr by the tbeMayor Mayor oftho ofthoold of of4hoold tho thoold old city cit of Brooklyn Brookl the Mayors Iayor being beingex beingexom beingexdfll ex exom offlclo lo members member of the commission commissionAs cmmlaio cmmlaioAs As a 1 preliminary prlminar to its It construction constructionexisting cotrcton cotrctonexistng constructionexisting existing existng charter clUlter rights were wer bought from fromthe trm trmthe fromthe the East Et River Rver Bridge rdge Company ComPyonD ComPyonDcmber onDe onDecember on Do Docomber comber 18 ism for 200000 The cmber 185 S2O com commission cln clnmision coinmissIon mission mision served sere until unt January Januar 1808 18 when whenunder whenunder whenunder under the Greater New York Orter ew Charter Charer a anew anew anow new commission was appointed appinte The Therecord Thercor Therecord record rcor commission ceased ceed to have hve con control cn cntrol cont trol when the revised rise charter charer went into intoeffect int intoeffect effect oleot on January Januar 11002 1102 1 1002 placing plcing all al bridges bridgesunder brde bridgesunder under the jurisdiction jurlsdloton of the Department Departmentof Deprtment Deprtmentor of Bridges BridgesWork Bridge BridgesWork Work ork was wal begun on tho Manhattan llnta side sideon sideon on November 7 1800 189 The suspension suspensioncables sUtpnsion suspensioncables I cables cblt were practically prctcly completed cmplete In InAugust inAugust I August 1002 10 but a 1 lire that htd0troyeth6 htd0troyeth6temprr destroyed the thotemporary thetemporary temporary temprr working platt platforms 1ond 1onddamage and anddamaged anddamaged damaged damage the Manhattan Manhttntower tower caused causedconsiderable wie eatisectconsiderable considerable cnsiderble delay The bridge brde was wa for formally formnly formally mally mnly opened opene to foot passenger pnger traffic trafficon tao taoon on December Dec berI910I 191003 19 1003 a little lte over er twenty twentyfears twetyye31 twentyyears fears ye31 after ater the opening of ottbetll thefirst foot footBridge tootbridge footbridge Bridge between betwe Brooklyn 1Br klyn and Manhattan ManhattanTrolley 1tanhattanTrolley ManhattanTrolley Trolley service was subsequently tiubsequentlyinaugu tiubsequentlyinaugurated inaugu inaugurated Inaugurated rated ratedInlluen Iniluenee 1I off Land Landal Value ValueOn ValUesOn rtI rtIOn On July 7 1008 190 the first st experimental experimentalelevated oXPerimentalelevated eiperimeztaielevated elevated trains were were Bent Sentn across roee Regu Regular tar elevated service was inaugurated inauguratedshortly Inauguratedshortly Inauguratedshortly shortly after An Anlrnport important impertantjeath ntle featureof featureofthe t11re 01 01the ofthe the new bridge brldgeRObeme scheme was waS the widening wideningof of Delancey street from the tllOEast East River Riverto to the Bowery The new new bridge had hodan od odI1ll an important effect on local looalland land values valuesnotably valuenotably valdeenotably notably in Brooklyn It drew dr popula population population population tion in great numbers from the lower low East Side and was largely arg ly responsible responsiblefor for the rapid growth of the Brownsville Jrown Jlrownavifiecolony Brownsvilleeolony vllle vlllecolony colony in East EnetNew New York YorkThe YorkThe YorkThe The Manhattan Bridge dge extends extndsfton ftom ftomthe the foot of Pike street in Munlialtan to toho todle100t totire ho dle100t foot of WoshingtohstreetMn Wl18hlnHtOn ltreet1n tfn tfn3yn Brook Brookyn llyn 3yn yn about half mile north northof of the Brook Broolcyn Brooklyn lyn yn Bridge The Manhattan anchorage anchorages a altbhor horiii is nt Pike slipnear slip slipnearCherrystre neal Cherry street The Brooklyn anchorage is lalll In the block made madejy ly jy Washington Plymouth Front and Pearl streets The Manhattan approach approachextends approaohottends approachextends extends to Canal street and the Bdwery Bdweryand and the Brooklyn approach Ji to Wllloughby street The total length of the bridge bridgeproper bridgeproper bridgeproper proper is 2920 feet Including In ludlng the ap apiroaohes alproa npproaohestlro proa proaohestlro iroaohes hell the le structure Is I 0000 feet In len angMi th Its extreme width Is 120 1 i2t feet feetand teand feetand and its ItsIelght height above the river 135 13 feet feetThe feetTb toMThe The Tb river span will be 1470 feet long longand longand longand and the shore spans from tower to anchor anchorage anohorago anchorage age eaoh 725 feet long The be Brooklyn Brooklynand and Williamsburg bridges have mainspans main mainspans mainspans spans of 1505 1 l305an4i andi af4i1O lBOO feet and in shore shorespans rrhomspans homspnn spans of 030 030a OflOandhI9fet and 589 feet respectively re8poqI ly Tho Manhattan Bridge will IKS a double leaked structure The upper floor will williavo have iavo four trolley tracks and the lower floor four elevated or subway su wtiy tracks tracksa a thirtyfive foot roadway and two tw side sidewalks sldowalk aidewalks walks Used to Its It II full capacity as a aallroad arailroad arailroad railroad bridge tho thMW new structure struotuOI struoturocould struoturocouldaccommodate could couldaccommodate ld ldacoommodate accommodate 350000 passengers ditch coohway ditchway achway way during the morning and evening rush hours Thin 011 would relieve all con consestlon congestlon congestion sestlon on existing transit lines between hetw Manhattan and Brooklyn hut Hatthutlllj tlmutlll tlmutlllzation tir utiii utiiination nation of tIre tit Manhattan Bridge Brtdgntade Brtdgntadepepdont rd lade ladependent pendent upon two important Jlpperantl1otorll tasters tho tlnsilndlugot Bunding dl os of 0 i I1L lehaut ullll ut for tr or rthC ihoCentre 0 uO entro ntr ntrY rI JIl I 1 i IIII1f 1 I i street iI treesubway subway bwijfT i loop Ioopahready i already li ai referred 2r7 to toand tand riand and the opening op nlngoftheflatbulh of the theFlatbush Flatbush a aenll avenumexteneion1nrooklyn ernn ernnextension Jextenelonl extension exteneion1nrooklyn exteneion1nrooklynj In Brooklyn fi fiAt Ji i At Vreeonttho rellen rea ntf tthQ the Public 9lldServi Service ServicemIaf Jo Jomf8 oni onirataalonji rataalonji mf8 nt plans plal8at are plWed VCdd dlp in niyt Yiyter YiyterBmo1tbn Yale YaleBreokJ rBrooklyn Brooklyn BreokJ elovatedtandtrolley eloetcIandt trolley lines car lf1tnot carnot unot not obtain access 18 to tttoManhattan tho Manhattan Bridge Bridgeuntil Brirl BrirluntU Bridgeuntil until the Flatbwui avenue extension extensionis fxten irm irmIs is opened graded and paved Tlio Tliotension Ihltel1Slqn Th ttonelcn tension cannot canno cannoIbe be graded until Kcwrro Kcwrrogaa sewIrsaeuindwetedmaiurand Wr Wrjss gaa aeuindwetedmaiurand andwater ndw te11I411J1 nulimand and conduits have IMVBbeen havbeen havebeen been laid These subsurface improve improvemenU IlIprovmenta improvemonte menU cannot 04nnotbelostall be Installed duritll until thn tim first firsttwo firsttwo firsttwo two sections oftho proposed proposedavenue prvpo Fou ouh ouhoveilUo rti rtiaveimue avenue oveilUo nub subway way aro eblll eblllIn bu buPlan I IJ jMan Plan iiaii In ou SU55 Sijefed aoiv lq Mavi MaviThe JSD JSDJfI IoTire JfI JfITJle The plan for ii a bridge across th the Kist KistRiver FstRIver ast astRiverto River Riverto to relieve congestion oh ontire the th Brook Brooklyn RrooklynBridg lttoiyn lyn lynBridg Bridge was wd suggested sustedhrBridgeComii sustedhrBridgeComiimisslongr by BindgeConi BindgeConimisaionqr Bridgetill1lmlssionQ misaionqr fflioi toitheABoardof to tbeBoardor Publm PublmImprovements lu PubIheIrnprovemontsonJ i iImprovementsonJt Improvements ImprovementsonJt on January truary 12 JKfls Mayor MayorVan MayorVanWyck llyorVan Van VanWyck Wyck submitted II plan for this bridge bridgeto hritjgtothe rdjt rdjttot to tot tothe the bjpardpn 9crlt 1 November ov ovornbef3O1808 er30tl 30 18M sail on onDecember onDecember onDeoember December 2l899tho 2I8W the BridgeCommission BridgeCommissionforwarded Bridge ComTTlis oflrmjssio11 oflrmjssio11forwardujpians lol lolfQ forwarded fQ forwardujpians ard plans pl for or a wire ire cable err stipension Sllpensloll errpensiop pension fridgeo bridge tot the ti Secretary ot Wir WirCjpostf Wirrcp rConstruction Construction Cjpostf cp nstrtiotion ction was WM authorized i in 1 January January1BOO a ullj ullj1110O 1BOO Work was begjmin blJ ln May Iftoi IftoiTitle hid 1911TIUet9 hidTitle Title TIUet9 the land la was acquired ir bytie lJe nty ntyon ci4 ci4on cit citon on September 14 ieOL Differences of ofopinion 01opinion ofopinion opinion over types of construction rrwl rrwlbecauseof rn nrrtbecaua lbec becauseof bec becaua us offlegal legal obstructionH tI caused causeddelay cabSllId estiaeidelay delay layletween between 1001 and 9 J90I 1001 901 Ibesi Ibesifinally Ih IhftnaJly Tbe4 finally wore cre settled anilcontracts amt andc 1J1tuyta ntraeta ircrj ircrjlet clet Clet let i iJhlJt JJjfst jst of all rl1loumiations foundations fcr tho townrn townrnwere tow towwer tow4were were wer constructed reaching down to hell hellrook belro heirook rook ro 100 feet belowvtheftjrfiuoqf belowtblU iQ th thriver thrlverlIesonryplers the theriver river rlverlIesonryplers Masonry piers then theniveip he jvere JI rpljull built ani anithe IU IUthe arrthe the steel towers erected er ct Meanwhile Meanwhilethe the grnplte 11t1lteanOIOrage3 anchorages waris fiIIJ constructed ronstrutteThe constructedThe on Ucteli UcteliTl1efour The Tl1efour four suspension ion catjeu Jiaye aye boen boenppun ht breenun epuntroro ppun puntroro from orut mujtitude mU ptftii of ttne wfrea cull aullthe culltbe UU UUt the ae48P suspension MO ropes 4SUiu supportimig upp ortiigr the ht sti stiuematructure lsHiperttructure 1hJ sHiperttructure hJ eratnacture haVe iWif beez ftuSln pic picThe plelrJlo place placeTlre The framework 1r fi 1 3 wqik tr of the bridge ride proper properwill prpWUl1JPlec prop4 prop4wIllbo will WUl1JPlec wIllbo 1 oplced HO together getherb1Tthie erlyvt bfJifte 10 190J 190JI 1900Then i iAThe Then Tbe roadways wIll be confatructcd confatructcdthevtracks constrnctNthtr ionstrmictthetrackrm thevtracks thtr ckS lafdlimlthe Ifa nd 3the electrical el equirj equirjment cqui cquim equijTimIiiidgo I ment i1iist In5tallear a The TimIiiidgo KHdgo Idge will be rei realty realtytorotrafllo readyfortraftlo ry ryfortraffio fortraffio byJanuary byJ nuuy1111O 1910 t9iOThe fTho tThe The QUeensboro eensboro or BldckweHe BlacCwcUfI1land BlacCwcUfI1landbritlgt Inland Inlandbridgvcro88oa IslandbHditoOrossea bridgvcro88oa britlgt oesea the theEnat East River and llcH llcHManh1ittan 3lt 3ltwellslandO Ii IiV1 V1 wellslandO 118 6Iandf tt mqt1pthoIThtopgh JI th ro gh rnJii rtnb1tthn Manh1ittan tnb1tthn nJii tan from 1 fjfla a poiatvooSjccjid UtS udtrne udtrnebetween fivpnije fivpnijebetween Vrn Vrnbttween between Fifty Fiftfrhdirc3ia nan nnfth eiitFfilatielh tF8bl itUt ftrW5 ftrW5with ftr ftrwIth ttrwiththeBoroughofQueugr with withtheBoroughofQueugr the BoroughofQue n8 at tJcnebtref tJcnebtrefLong Jnne street streetL0imtflalnnd Long L0imtflalnnd Island Cltyvflround for th tbs 6tru 6truture Structure ture was broken nsfur back an 1R93 hut hutplans lutplans plans did not reach the Secretary of Wa Wauntil W5tit1l until December 2 1890 1890Construction 1890frCopuction frCopuction Construction was authorized in 1000 1000and itiooLa La and dZbellrst tjv first contract was let on June 27 27JBOl 27The JBOl The spans were joined In March Marcharid larchn4AprlllOOS arid n4AprlllOOS AprillOOS and the stool superstru superstrutare superstruofinished tare finished on June 1 1608 This workdelayed work workwas was delayed six months by strikes The Thebridge Timebrl bridge brl lgo willprobably will probably be opened for traffic trafficsome tra fib fibsome some tlmqnext timen xt month month1c fi fiJ Ttte Tttex fThe The Queensboro Que nsboro Bridge is a ennui ennuilever iiwilevor lever structure consisting of five spans spansof spansofvarying of varying length with witlca a long stretch of ofsteel ofsteel steel and masonry approach at each end endThe cnn cnnThe The total span of the cantilever section sectionis is 3725 feet JThe Theiength Jength of the thelnldgo thelnldgowith Tiridgo Tiridgowith with Us approaches is isvf3l ra S21ke vf3l feeDflg feeDflginnlly Orig Originnlly innlly it itwaa was planned to equip the tbn4ridge tbn4ridgewith ridge ridgewith with two elevated rticBa tnVjidditiuh tnVjidditiuhto tad4ith4i tad4ith4ito to thefour trolley tracks the roadway roadwayand ioidwayand and he footpath Later when it vulp vulpseen wa wan seen that there would eventually be uheavy theavy heavy flow of traffic across the bridge bridgethe bridgth the th plans ans were altered alteredtoermit to permit the conr conrstruction oa oaatructidn struction of two additional additionaltracks elevated elevatedtrucks tracks It now nQwappearw appears from a aof repo repoOf of tt bodyvof onigfneers who exaraineu exaraineucarefully exarnineilcarfully carefully the big structure recently that tliidonly thatonly only two of the olevntedTiraoka 1 kaln mtmi Lf i4 i4operated operated with withety withetyTime safety safetyThe The New York Connecting Conne1 BailrojwJ BailrojwJa flailroa flailroaa a subsidiary qf the Pennsylvania Rail Railroad Railroad road filed plans pIa a with ith the Municipal Iunlc1palComrnbbiOnwiMay vi viCommission Commission ComrnbbiOnwiMay tm May 22 1907 for its bus busEast lnugb lnugbEast East River bridge in accordance witli lth the provisions of the charter granted Io Iothe tothe the company The Th new structure wilt wiltbe wiltbe be the heaviest steel bridge in the world worldIt It will be purely Ln railroad bridge bridgeand bridgeandwill and andwill will contain fo four rsetaot sots of vtraolm tri keto ketopassengerandtwo Wo for forpassengerBand passengerBand twjp for freight traflic trafUcThe traflicThe The bridge will wi11e4een sweepTn a graceful fuVeurve fuVeurveover curve curveover over Hell Gate Wards Island Little LittleHell LittlOHell Hell Gate Randalls Island and the Bronx BronxKills BronxKills Kills connecting Port Morris In The TheBronx TheBronx Bronx with Astoria Long Island City There will wilIba be a steel arch archepan span of morn mornthan morethan than a thousand feet across Hell Gate Gatebetween Gatebetween between abutments The Theonb ffone towers towerswill towerswill will bo of granite and moulded concrete concreteand concreteandirill and andirill will be over over200 200 feet high The carry carrying carryIng ing capacity of the new bridge will be beabout beal9u about al9u twenty times greaterthan greater than that thatof thatotthe of otthe the old Brooklyn Br klynflrldg Bridge The relation relationofYthe relationottho ofYthe Connecting tfUilfoiii tort totho ho Now NowHaven NowHaven Haven and Pennsylvania systems has hasbeen hasbeen been rpferred to in intbe the foregoing foregoingi i The TheIIendrilcu1a Hondrik Hudson it Memorial Bridge Bridgsfor for whIohtwoVsot ofplans were drawn drawnIs Is proposed to topimth span the Harlem Ship Canal Canalfrom Canalfrom from Inwood Manhattan to Spuyten SpuytenDuyvil SpuytenDayvu Duyvil Hill in The Bronx and to connect connectthe connectthe the extension of Riverside Drive with withSpuyten withSpuyen Spuyten Duyvil Parkway When the thebridge thebridge bridge was first discussed in 1003 it was wasthought wasthought thought that it would be completed this thisfall thisfall fall in time for the celebration ofthe tn tncentennial tncentennial centennial of the tbediscovezy discovery of ofthe the Hudson HudsonRiver HptLnonRiver River The original estimated COM was wasIS00000 IS00000 This sum was appropriated in inl900and l900and 1900 and plans for fortho the structure were nc ncoordihglyJafawn socor4ibglyrawn oordihglyJafawn ipJThe 11 4he first set of ofilana ofplans plans failed to meet with the approval of ofiheMunicipal ofbeMunlclp iheMunicipal Art AitCommIssfon Commission and in ii iia 11wn7 11wn7a a new set of plans was drawn The re revisedplanscalj reviecIpianvalE visedplanscalj for a masonry structure structurethat structuirthat that will cost in the neighborhood of ofiooooo ofThe iooooo oThe The project for the establishment of ofbridge a abridge bridge across the tbeHudsou Hudson Riyer to con connect enflned nect ned NewYork New York city with wlthJersey jwJersey lirt lirttook iirttook took definite shape iir bruary low lowthrough lEsthrougir through appointmentby the Governor Governorof of the two twciStateof StalesOf a wjoint joint commii comyniesinninto Mi Mio to consider the practicability of the plmi plmiThe nlin nlinTbaffrstreport The Tbaffrstreport ffrat report of this commission vnn vnnhnded i ihanded handed in a year later Itxeconimeuded Itxeconimeudeda a suspension bridge situotedlbetween situotedlbetweenFourteenth siuctwetrFourteenth Fourteenth and FortyseooncfatrV v5fl v5flpiers wittipier piers inside the bulk bulkheadiIni1 headUnaTh Thtost Thtostof co tof of the tI bridge brldgetttI ami anchorages was edt etimated edtmated mated at about 30000000 TnUnUd TftJdid flat rtotuoludo flatinolude uoludo the cost of annroacheflul A second report by the oommlssion soonmissionsubmitted oommlssionsubmitted submitted in December 1908 outllrpd outllrpdthreo outlirltithreiiUes threo threiiUes sites FlftyseVentKrdrAi uoth uothstreet 110th5treetlt street and d179tb 170tb streett Of Otflro Hie three thron179th tb tb170th 170th street site Is considered the msatisfactory rnet rnetsatisfactory satisfactory The commissions onui onuineers onginoons neers estimate the cost of a bridge at atthis atthis this point at about JlOOOOouf JlOOOOoufThelflhUimDno ThelflhUimDno Ilflet6j biHIt in tlii tliiwill title titleqounry qounry t9r thrrIng seengcr5 seengcr5will will be constructed this spring over tli tlihree titn titnthree three mile stretch of the old City Itiluiid Itiluiidlorse lslniwlmorse morse lorse car line connecting City Islnnil Islnnilwith isis nil nilWiththeBartow with WiththeBartow the Bartow station of the New Ha haven havenrailroad CM CMrailroad railroad InvTheJJfofw Permission fm fmhe forthe he building of ofiho tho line was granted by I It ItJibllo iniib1loBJoo Jibllo iib1loBJoo SwQJoo ComuiiaalcuiJiuit faJrr fl J3 J3hind J3bInd hind tileenterprise la the tbO4nmiSrfOmziMonn tbO4nmiSrfOmziMonnrail 4mo Itttt vMoii vMoiiall all Company a concern In which Blon I Ilurrows IBurrows Burrows and the other inembon of tn1 tn1old tt ttold old Rapid IbiplctTrannlt Transit Commission are titian flnanolally titianchilly chilly Itiforested If tire short shortof stretiln stretilnof of the road yeah to CttJr l6lttnt l6lttntul fin ul it will bit extondeiiJ exLendenJiouginout 11 11Bronx Bronx and jr.