Arizona Daily Star from Tucson, Arizona • Page 1

far U. S. WEATHER BUREAU Tucson and vicinity: Clear today. Continued cold tonight. Temperatures Yesterday: High 43 33 Year ago: High 64 4G An Independent NEWSpaper Printing the News Impartially mmm VOL.

110 NO. 2 Entered at tecond-class matter, Post Offiee Tucson, Arizona. TUCSON, ARIZONA, TUESDAY MORNING, JANUARY 2, 1951 TWENTY-FOUR PAGES PRICE FIVE CENTS 9th Ariz. Governor Sivorn in $20 BILLION SUM FOR DEFENSE IS RED ASSAULT PUNCHES DEEP HOLES IN UNITED NA TI0NS LINES NORTH OF SEOUL; ENEMY IGNORES CASUALTIES Somber New Year's Day Is Observed Throughout World Four Communist Armies Smashing Toward Capital 1 I Europe, but in England it was frigid and cheerless. Snow fell, and low hanging clouds prevented dispersal of the smoke rising from the big city.

A new batch of rations and other restrictions helped hold the lid on the customary seasonal celebrations. Across the channel celebrations were more in keeping with tradition. Parisians drank champagne. West Berlin, undisturbed in its unique position behind the Iron whooped it up in night clubs. Both Europe and America pledged their peaceful intentions Considerable Penetration of Eastern Flank Is Also Acknowledged; Situation Now Termed Serious but Not Critical by Spokesman TOKYO, Thursday, Jan.

2. (TP) United Nations de fenders of Seoul fell back today before four Chinese Communist armies which drove a wedge within 20 miles of the South Korean capital. The Red force relied on sheer weight of numbers to hammer a deep dent in a 15-mile sector due north of Seoul. The Chinese crossed mine fields over the bodies of the first suicidal waves. Other waves surged over barbed wire entanglements on human bridges U.S.

to Demand UN Action Unless China Halts Korean Thrust Udall (left) administers the oath state capitol grounds in Phoenix. Supreme Court Justice Levi S. of office to Gov, Howard Pyle at the (AP Photo) Pyle Confident Relationship With Lawmakers 44-Year-OId Executive With Simple Ceremony; Lead, Arizonans Are for 1951 but speeded their plans for rearmament. President Truman, working aboard his yacht Williamsburg on his State of the Union message to Congress, echoed the deepest desire of his countrymen with the hope that "1951 will bring peace to the world." Simultaneously, the Congress of the United States, in an unprecedented New Year's day session, worked on emergency legislation. In Paris, Premier Rene Tie-ven, in a new year's broadcast to the French people, urged his (Continued on Page 11-A, Col.

2) JAPANESE SPLIT ON ARMING IDEA Remilitarization Is Seen Coming; Nation Wants Peace Treaty First TOKYO, Jan. 1. The Jap anese are sharply divided on the matter of rearming their country. But they believe unanimously that If and when rearmament comes it should be planned and car ried out by the Japanese them selves. They see It coming closer.

General MacArthur told them In a New Year message that II international lawlessness continues to threaten the peace," it will be their duty to "mount force to repel force." ror five years most Japanese hoped they might be spared the agonies of another war. Would Rely on TX Many thought the best way to avoid it was to have no army, to rely on the United Nations to pre vent Japan's involvement in a war. That thinking got powerful sanc tion in 1946 with the promulgation of Japan's new American-sponsored constitution. Article Nine of that document forever renounced war and the threat of use of force. The Jap anese also pledged never to main tain land, sea or air forces, or other war potential.

But MacArthur, In his New Year's message, told the Japanese that unless there is a sharp change in the international picture, "this ideal must give way to the over- weaning law of self-preservation. The MacArthur statement has merely served to point up the argument which has been raging in Japanese political circles, club rooms, restaurants and living rooms since the end of World War II. The mere fact of MaeArthur's warning has convinced many Japanese that establishment of an army and navy now will come sooner than they expected. Air Force Unlikely Many Japanese are convinced that a new Japanese army and navy are in the cards for the j'ear just begun. An air force appears less likely right now but that too may not be far in the future.

Before they build up armed forces, however, the Japanese want one thing first a peace treaty that will make them an independ-j ent nation once again. In that hope the Japanese stand as one. Then they will be ready to build up armed forces their own armed forces. Spokesmen for two of Japan's (Continued on Page" 11-A, Col. 5) LOXDOX, Jan.

1 Most of the world observed a somber New Year's day today with the boom of the big guns marking the beginning of the all-out Communist offensive in Korea resounding in capital cities around the globe. But the Red China capital of Peiping reported danc ing in the streets. On both sides of the Iron Curtain, official grceters of the new year called for peace in 1951, but pointed accusing fingers at the other side as the parties responsible for the war tension. The weather was mild throughout most of continental RUSSIANS' NOTE STUDIED BY U. S.

Reply to Bid for Big-Four Conference Disappoints Diplomatic Officials WASHINGTON, Jan. 1 IP) The United States today studied a much qualified reply by- Russia to western proposals for. a Big Four conference to ease international tensions. In the view of American officials, the Kremlin's note was just more propaganda holding little prospect of any fruitful discussions. Russia's response "was delivered also to London and Paris.

Diplomatic sources In those capitals called it Russian acceptance of the western proposal, but a rapid rundown of requests Russia was reported to have laid down in its note disclosed a number which previously have been completely unacceptable to the United States. Door Not Shut Diplomatic informants here conceded that Moscow had not closed out the possibility of high level talks. The note was under Intent study, but disappointment was evi dent. It was taken to mean that Russia was not prepared for an unqualified discussion of the many galling points of friction between the western democracies and the totalitarian Soviet system. The text of the Russian note was not made public and State Department Press Officer Michael Mc-Dermott said there were no plans to release it here.

Dispatches from London, how ever, gave some details of the communication as reported by diplomatic sources. These included a number of Russian "requests" in connection with the proposed ses sions which the diplomats con ceded the west might not be willing to accept. As detailed by the London sources, these requests included: Prague Declaration 1. Acceptance of the Prague de claration, winch served notice that the Communist-led nations of eastern Europe would not tolerate rearmament of West Germany. l.

That the western powers take no binding decisions on the arming of West Germany in advance of the proposed Big Four talks. A third point was of western charges that Russia has created a German army in the Soviet zone. In addition, any discussion of the explosive situation in the Far East appeared to be ruled out by the Russian note. She took the stand that Communist China should be represented in any such talks. PHOENIX, Jan.

1 Howard Pyle today told the people of "I am yours to direct; I am God's to lead. I will do my best to be GIVEN HOUSE OK Unprecedented New Year's Day Session Also Winds Up Action on Tax Bill WASHINGTON, Jan. 1. (P) The house shouted ap proval of a $20,000,000,000 de fense appropriation bill today as the climax to a produc tive and unprecedented New Year Day session. Earlier it had completed congressional action on the $3,300,000,000 excess profits tax bill and a measure allowing railroad employes to bargain for the union shop and the checkoff system of collecting union dues.

Both those measures now go to President Truman. sSenate action still Is required on the huge appropriation bill, and likewise on a sweeping civil defense authorization which cleared the house today by a voice vote. The fast moving session was held under urgency of the national emergency to dispose of a load of bills deemed vital to the preparedness effort. Last Time The senate did not meet today but will convene tomorrow for the last time before the 82nd Congress takes over -Wednesday noon. In view of the traditional New Year's holiday, a surprising total of 33S house members showed up for today's session, out tf 430 present members.

The house met for the first time in its lavishly ornament ed chamber, redecorated and struc turally strengthened In the past six months. After Its six-and-a-half-hour ses sion today, the house meets again tomorrow. It will take up the last of the important pending measures. This Is a bill which would give the President emergency powers to revise war contracts. It was snagged today on a technicality by Rep.

vito Marcantomo, oniy American Labor member of the present house, who was defeated for reelection. This bill originally also "would have restored to the President nis World War II powers to reshuffle war agencies. Direct Use Most of the $20,000,000,000 appro priation bill for direct use in building up the nations armed strength. President Truman sent up the call for it right after the Chinese Communists took a hand in the Korean war, creating a new crisis. It brings the present proposed U.S.

defense outlay to 000 for the fiscal year which ends next June 30, and Chairman Mahon (D-Tex) of the house military appropriations sub-committee said another supplemental request of from $8,000,000,000 to 000 is In immediate prospect. The final form of the bill was worked out by a senate-house con ference committee. The total is approximately $2,000,000,000 more than the house originally voted. The biggest addition was- 911,000 to build up "stockpiles of critical materials such as tin, copper, zinc and rubber. The house had appropriated nothing for this purpose but agreed to the senate figure.

Authority for Ships The house accepted a senate amendment giving the maritime commission $224,000,000 in addi tional contract authority to start construction of 50 speedy new passenger and cargo ships described as capable of outrunning fast sub marines and traveling wimout armed escort. The house insisted, however, on (Continued on Page 11-A, Col. 1) Plan's on Probing RFC Posrt Denied WASHINGTON, Jan. 1- JP) Senator Fulbright (D-Ark) said yesterday that the "senate banking and currency suocommiuee ne heads has made no plans for investigating the new Reconstruc tion Finance Corporation office in Phoenix. Asked about published reports his group intended to look into the Phoenix office and that the appointment of Arizona Gov.

Dan E. Garvey as the office head, effective Tuesday, Is "endangered," Fulbright said. "That's news to me. I would say that such stories are purely MASTERMIND? MARSHAL ZHUKOV ZHUKOV MAY BE BOSSINGBATTLE Russia's Best Commander Reported in Manchuria Directing Red Drive Bv STAN SWIXTOX TOKYO, Jan. 1.

JP) Soviet Marshal Grigori K. Zhukov may be masterminding the Communists' New Korean offensive from a joint Chinese-Russian headquarters in Mukden, Manchuria. This correspondent has learned on high authority that the exist ence of such a headquarters was, reported to American intelligence on or before Dec. 24. The inform ant was officially rated as "a re liable source.

According to this Information, Zhukov, the World War II con queror of Berlin, is supreme commander at the Mukden headquarters. Gen. Lin Piao, commander of the Chinese Red Fourth Field Army, is named as Zhukov's deputy. From another and less trusted source, General MaeArthur's headquarters has heard reports that Soviet Col. Gen.

Ha Muk may soon be appointed supreme com mander of the Korean Red army. Less credence is placed in this report than in the one concerning Zhukov. Ha Muk is of Korean descent (Continued on Page 11-A, Col. 2) Retreating UN forces put the torch to entire villages Low-flying Allied planes land and carried-based took a heavy toll of advancing Communists. U.

S. Fifth Air Force planes alone claimed 2,650 Red casualties on New Year's Day. U. S. Eighth Army sources estimated the toll of the day's air action at 6,000.

Three Red armies "pounded the west flank of the UN line along the 38th parallel in a New lear Eve offensive that gained about one-third of the way to Seoul. Eighth Army spokesmen today added a fourth Chinese army to the assaulting force on the city from which nearly 1,000,000 civil ians have fled. Reds Gain Power Heavy enemy attacks gained power meanwhile on the central and east-central fronts. Eighth Army said the Reds apparently were developing a southwestward drive aimed at trapping UN forces in. the Seoul area.

Eighth Army assessed the situa tion on the flanks as serious but not critical. A spokesman said re treats for the most part were orderly. AP Correspondent John Ran dolph, in a field dispatch from the fighting front north of Seoul, said UN reverses there "represented a major pullback and a big sag in the defense line across bouth Korea. ROK's Yield The western wedge was pushed through the South Korean First Division, a veteran outfit with a past reputation for tenacity. A regiment of the division was crushed like tissue paper near Choksong, 25 miles north of Seoul, in the first hours after the big offensive began New Year's Eve.

A Chinese column raced through the momentary gap, swung east and attacked an American division. Randolph's dispatch today aid this fight still was in progress and the issue still in doubt. UN divisions on either side of the South Korean First Division were forced to withdraw to protect their exposed flanks. The enemy wedge extended down from Yonchon, 36 miles north of Seoul, and Korangpo, 23 miles northeast. Weather Bitter All last night regrouping South Korean First Division elements bat tled in bitter zero weather seeking to contain the penetration Randolph's dispatch said the moment the had Chinese for checked the full weight of their offensive which was launched at LAKE SUCCESS, Jan.

The United States declared today that It will demand drastic United Nations action against the Chinese Communists if they continne their massive assault south of the 38th parallel in Korea. U. S. Delegate Ernest A. Gross notified Sir Benegal Rao of India, who has been spearheading mediation moves, that this country will not take part in a cease-fire or a proposed peace conference" with the Chinese Reds if the drive continues.

Instead, he said, the U. S. will insist that the veto-free UN general assembly condemn the Chinese push and take steps to conn ter it A United States spokesman said the U. S. considers the matter one of extreme urgency and, if the Chinese drive continues, will bring it up at the first political committee meeting scheduled for either Wednesday or Thursday.

7 p. m. New Year's Eve and raged until 3 a. m. New Year's Day.

He described how the Reds struck across the frozen Imjin river near Choksong after artillery and mortars had blown up some of the U.N. land mines. The first waves of Reds crossed the river and formed a column of fours. "The column headed straight in to the minefield area, approximately 60 yards deep," Randolph said. "Regardless of their losses from the exploding mines, the Chinese came on, walking over their dead who had been in the first wave.

Living Bridge "Past the minefields, they hit barbed wire. Each man carried a thick rice straw sack. The Chinese threw the sacks over the wire, lay down on the sacks and let, their comrades walk over them on a living bridge." Flames of villages put to the torch last night by retreating UN troops lit up the sky and were plainly visible to Chinese miles away from the eerie scene. Fifth Air Force planes were off at dawn today to resume combat support. Navy carrier-based planes also were swarming over the battle fronts.

Manpower Aplenty In all more than 200,000 Chinese Reds and 85,000 North Koreans were on the move with another 120,000 in Immediate reserve. The Reds are estimated to have available 1,000,000 men, some of them In Manchuria. Randolph's dispatch said the offensive already threatened "to split the western front wide open. The Allied troops ere well dug in and prepared by all standards so far in the Korean war to meet the Chinese onslaught. Allied officers did not conceal their disappointment that the defense failed to stop the waves of Chinese.

"What are you going to do when they simply don't care how many men they lose?" one staff officer asked. There was, however, no plan to yield ground readily. Correspondent Randoph salS. PARTRIDGE MEDALLED SEOUL, Korea, Jan. 1.

iP) Maj. Gen. Earle E. Partridge, commander of the U. S.

Fifth Air Force, received the Korean Order of Military merit with Silver cross toda3'. In presenting it, President Syngman Rhee said it was "in recognition and appreciation of his distinguished leadership and unyielding determination." Today's News Index New Year's Eve revelers jam city jail to overflowing, page 2A. Tucson high wins division honors in Salad bowl parade. 10A. Union shop okeyed for railroad labor, 9A.

First baby of year takes life easy in incubator, IB. Rumor city wrater poisoned pan ics Birmingham citizens, za. Comics 5B Pub. Crossword 5B Radio Dial 6B Society Sports 2-3-4 Editorial Movie Times Obituaries. 12A of Harmonious Inaugurated at Phoenix 'Yours to Direct; God's to Told in Brief Address his brief address during his inau governor of the state.

OTHER OFFICIALS TAKE UP DUTIES PHOENIX, Jan. l.flP) Several starte officials in addition to Gov. Howard Pyle took office today. Justice Levi S. Udall of the supreme court, became chief justice.

Mrs. Jewel Jordan was Inducted into office as state auditor. E. T. Williams Jr.

became state treasurer. "Other officials, re-elected In November, who started fresh terms today were: Atty. Gen. Fred O. Wilson, Secretary of State Wesley Bolin; Tax Commissioner Warren Peterson; Corporation Commissioner Wilson T.

Wright, and M. L. Brooks, state superintendent of public instruction. Traffic Fatalities Below Estimates By ASSOCIATED PRESS The toll of violent deaths for the New Year's holiday period mounted steadily last night, but traffic fa talities were running behind the rate predicted by the National Saf ety Council. As the festive season waned, at least 395 persons had been killed across the nation.

There were 271 traffic fatalities and 124 deaths from a variety of causes. The National Safety Council forecast a traffic death list of approximately 330 from 6 p.m. (local time) Friday until midnight Monday. A week ago the Christmas holi day set a post-war record of 724 violent deaths 545 of them traffic, exceeding the safety council's Yule-tide estimate by 100. The state-by-state death list, including traffic and miscellaneous: 5-0; Arizona, 1-0; Arkan sas 5-1; California 20-11; Colorado 3-4; Connecticut 3-1; Florida 5-0; Georgia 4-0; Idaho 1-0; Illinois 13-10; Indiana 7-2; Iowa 4-1; Kansas 2-4; Kentucky 8-4; Louisiana 2-0; Maine 3-1: Mary land 14-2; Massachusetts 1-3; Michi gan 12-1; Minnesota 2-0; Mississippi 2-2; Missouri 12-12; Montana 3-0; Nebraska 0-1; New Hampshire 2-3; New Jersey 4-2; New Mexico 5-0; New York 8-3; North Carolina 4-1; North Dakota 1-0; Ohio 14-7; Oklahoma 2-2; Oregon 2-1; Pennsyl vania 15-2; Rhode Island 2-0; South Carolina 1-1; South Dakota 3-0; Ten nessee 4-1; Texas 31-9; Utah 8-11: Vermont 1-1; Virginia 5-3; Washing- ion o-u; west.

Virginia 6-8; Wisconsin 7-0; Wyoming 1-0; District of uoiumoia u-i. INEBBRIATE SEEKS SAFETY ODD WAY BRIGHTON, Jan. l.UP) The Adams county sheriff's office today reported a very drunk man was seen by a deputy getting into automobile on New Year's eve. "You're not going to drive that car, are you?" the deputy asked. "Certainly I'm going to drive," the drunk replied.

"I'm in no con dition to walk." equal to the tasks ahead. The pledge came at the end of guration this morning as the ninth The 44-year-old Phoenix radio executive whose home is in Tern- pe was sworn Into office shortly after 9:15 this morning by Chief Justice L.evi S. Udall of the state supreme eourt. Governor Pyle inaugural ad dress was extemporaneous. The major portion of his four-minute talk was devoted to acknowledg ment of the presence of a long list of guests.

Officials and legislators seated in the inaugural platform at the entrance to the state capitol. Among those present named by Pyle were Jesus Franco, consul; Col. R. H. Spicer, command ing officer of Williams air force base; Secretary of State Wesley Bolin; Fred O.

Wilson, attorney general; Clarence Budington Kel-land, Arizona's national Republican committeeman; Mrs. Margaret Adams tne state na tional Republican committeewo- man; Maj. Gen. A. M.

Tuthill, state adjutant general; and a number of guests. The governor expressed his pleasure that so many people turned out to witness the ceremony an estimated 2,000 braved the chill morning to crowd about the platform. Governor Pyle called on the peo ple of the state to offer "a prayer for leadership and for follower- ship." "Leadership," he explained, "can be no better than those who stand behind it." The first Republican governor in years, and the third since statehood in 1912, expressed con fidence he would have harmoni ous relations with the predomi nantly Democratic legislature wnicn opens Its regulir session next Monday. Rev. T.

M. Pyle, pastor of the Buckeye church and father of the governor, offered the invocation The benediction was given bv Rev noDen j. uononoe, pastor of St. Agnes Roman Catholic church. rnoenix.

Preceding the actual inaueu- tion ceremonies there was' a concert by the Santa Fe all Indian band of Winslow and bv fhp Shrine of the Ages choir from Ari zona state colleee at Flasrstaff. Members of the a capella choir had left Flagstaff at 2:00 a.m. to- to participate in the ceremo- mes. Immediately after the ceremony the governor, his wife and their two young daughters left to participate in the Salad Bowl day parade of which the governor was grana marsnal. to Disturb Passengers and brought it to a halt.

George Buckland, the football playing foreman who made the successful end run, gave this account: "Fortunately, I knew how to stop the train. I pulled it up in the center of the platform its usual stopping place and none of the passengers seemed to think anything was amiss." The engine started i four-mile journey solo at Palace Gate station in north London. Nobody knows how it managed to slip away. Officials of the socialized British railways took a dim view of this mechanical display of enterprise and said huffily: "The matter is under an Dying 1950 Leaves White Mantle on Mountain and Valley Earlier Fulbright had told re-day Weather Observers Fooled As Storm Sneaks up; Wetness Welcomed By ELLSWORTH MOE 1951 came into Tucson with a shiver yesterday, just 15' minutes after the only snowfall entertained by its predecessor began. Dying 1930 left its chilly white shroud clinging to the entire state's mountains and valleys.

Beginning at p.m. the snowfall continued throughout Sunday night and into yesterday's morning hours as temperatures tumbled to a low of 33 at the municipal 'airport and the University of Arizona. The rain and snow netted .69 of an inch of precipitation; the snow layer at the airport was measured at 1.08 Inches. Snow in Catalinas At Mt. Lemmon lodge in Sum-merhaven, at the head of Sabino Canyon high in the Catalina mountains, the snow was OVz inches deep yesterday morning and more was falling last night.

Mary Harvey said the temperature at 6 p.mlast night was 12 degrees and expected it would drop to 10 before morning. Her husband. Frank Harvey, is maintenance and snow-removai man. for the bureau of public roads in addition to being operator of the lodge. He spent the first 18 hours of the new year keeping the Mt.

Lemmon highway open with a snowplow. Mrs. Harvey said, and about iuu cars journeyed to the mountain top during the afternoon. Down at the foot of the moun tains in the Tanque Verde area, the snow was about two inches rl f. 1 Np -4 rr porters its probable" the subcommittee in January would look into charges of "political interference" in the RFC.

The group has until Jan. 31 to wind up its present inquiry into the over-all operations of the lending agency. Runaway Train FaUs LONDON, Jan. 1 (jP) "Look out, the 10:15 has run away." Tj3e message crackled along British railway system today while a very embarrassed engineer and fireman ran down the tracks in hot pursuit of the runaway train, outward bound from London. Their engine, off on its own! chugged merrily at eight miles an hour through two suburban stations, carrying behind it a whole trainload of passengers unaware the locomotive was unattended.

The two trainmen had to give up the chase. They were puffing harder than the engine. Finally an athletic foreman at one station jumped aboard the engine Snow mantles cactus and desert growth in the Catalina foothills after the surprise fall on New Year's. The' customarily brown and green colored Catalina and Rincon mountains took on a frosty white covering as the long dry spell suddenly came to an end. (Photo by Levitz) scattered snow flurries were re- citrus growers in the Oracle foot-ported in the Rillito creek area.

jhills area northwest of the city No frost damage was reported Sunday; -0S lajt nightl (Continued aa as lVt 91 deep, and about 1 inch over the city. Bv noon it was melted in the lower, area, but at 2 again,.