Arizona Daily Star from Tucson, Arizona • Page 1

0, S. WEATHER BUREAU- An Independent NEWSpaper Printing the News Impartially AND VICIMH: i.nmmurn tt'CSO thundrihowen In ft.reon. iiirh 99 74 H.h to PRICE FIVE CENT? TEN PAGES ftnimrt acranit-cJux ulla: rut Offf- Tucson. ArtsuM TUCSON, ARIZONA, WEDNESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 5, 1942 Germans Advance 50 Miles In Caucasus; Gandhi Seeking Cooperation With Japs; US Bombers Aid Chinese Land Attacks PRESIDENT DELAYS SABOTEUR ACTION; STUDIES EVIDENCE WASHINGTON, Aug. 4.

(JP) President Roosevelt said today that he was making a careful review of voluminous evidence presented In the trial of eight alleged Nazi saboteurs who were landed on American shore from Nazi U-boats. The record of the trial before a military commission of seven generals is a long one, Roosevelt told a press conference. It is impossible, he said, to devote a major portion of his time to the task. Nevertheless, he expected to complete the task within two or three days. When that has been done, it will devolve upon Roosevelt, a3 the sole reviewing official, to affirm or to change the verdict and sentence reached by the commission.

Any announcement, the President said, will come from the Whfte House. Independence Move Is Mask for Attempt to Give! Help to Enemy, British Leaders Hint in Releasing Documents Taken in Raid i NEW DELHI, Aug. 4. The British government" charged today that the great majority of the All-India Congress Working Committee are appeasers of Japan and that the nationalist leader Mohandas K. Gandhi favors prompt negotiations with Japan for the independent India he seeks to establish now.

The government cited documents seized in a raid on the All-India Congress Party's headquarters at Allahabad, in particular the original draft of a resolution put forward by Gandhi advocating that Indians wage a campaign of civil dis NO. 217 VOTE IS LIGHT WHEN 4 STATES HOLD PRIMARY Schoeppcl Leading Field In Kansas Contest For Governor NEELY LEAD GROWING jep. Smith Who Asked Ban On Strikes Wins in Virginia I I tr THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Unusually light voting, probably caused by the absence of men on army duty war work, marked primary balloting in four states yesterday as party candidates were chosen for congressional and state offices. Elections were held in Kansas, Missouri, Virginia, and West Virginia. In Kansas, Republican Senator Arthur Capper, seeking nomination for a fifth term, took an early lead 0ver two opponents In scattered, incomplete returns.

Capper, now fl, was opposed by John Allison m'd C. C. Isely. First returns gave formpr Sen. George McGill a martin over Congressman Randolph Carpenter and V.

G. Clugston, To-peka newspaperman, for the Democratic senatorial nomination. U. S. Senator Clyde Reed, running for the Republican nomination for governor, trailed Andrew Schoeppcl, former corporation commission head, and Carl Friend, lieutenant governor, in first report.

State Senator Thale P. Skovgard was the other candidate. Missouri Vote In Missouri, where voting was rxtremely light, candidates were chosen for 13 seats in Congress, lUtt superintendent of schools and state legislators. Republican Rep. Walter l'loeser.

seeking renomina-tlon In the 12th district, was opposed by six candidates. Virginia's most heated contest Involved Rep. Howard V. Smith ind Emmett C. Davison, former mayor of Alexandria and secretary-treasurer of the International Association of Machinists (AFL), for ths Democratic nomination for Congress from the eighth district.

Smith has sponsored legislation to outlaw strikes in wartime and re-rlis tht Wagner act. Virginia Hallos In Virginia's sixth district, Rep. Clifton A. Woodrum was opposed for rcnomination on the Democratic slate by Moss A. riunkett, Roanoke attorney.

Senator Carter Glass, president of the senate, and seven lrcrlnla congressmen were with out opposition for renominatlon In ths Virginia Democratic primary. West Virginia candidates contested for U.S. senator, and six seats In the house. Far overshadowing all other races was the contest between Governor M. M.

Neely, former senator, and former Governor II. 0. Kump for the Demo-critic senatorial nomination. Nccly quit the senate two years ago to run for gov ernor. Senator Joseph Rosier, appointed by Neely to com-plets his term, did not seek renominatlon.

sXHOKPPEf, I.K.IS KANSAS HACK TOPEKA. Aug. 4. (JP) Complete, unofficial returns from precincts out of 2.743 In Kan-M gave for the Republican noml-Jstlon for governor: Friend 13.8.W; ed. 13.7-17; Schacppcl ekovganl, For the Democratic gubernatorial nomination, 715 prccints I've Burke, is.jsso; Green, 1 For the Republican nomination for U.

S. Senate, 812 precincts gave A'Hson. Capper, lly, 7.798. For the Democratic nomination JP't. S.

Senate. 711 precinc ts gave rrpenter, 5.1W.-; Glugston, 0U1, Moore, two. JfEKLY AHEAD IN tST VIRGINIA OIAHLKSTOX. W.Va., Aug. 4 -Govrrnor Matthew M.

Neely. rWng to go back to the United senate from West Virginia the fourth time, maintained an reasng tonight over his iwtiral enemy, former Governor Boutin nrd to I'aKe io. Column 5) PARLIAMENT HAS SECRET SESSIONS L0NDOX, Aug. an unheralded secret today in which the govern- hav dealt the im-rm i Ions of the Russian military tion and British plans to- give 25" 81(1 10 the har1" "CNed Kus-Thrre was no Inkling of what cussed or of why the re-i om the Kovernment stand Crw wcck Sir Stafford lpps told commons that the had "Intentions" cond front but that there cu no sessions to dis-mose Intentions or other mat- Toclay'j closed session was called Previous notice when prlv'y seal nfl govern-nounVSkesman ln tne house, uthat a private statement Am made b' Clement R. dominions secretary and "Puty prime minister.

Rave hls statement. nong in pubUc session opened fen establishment of )lfry courts throughout the es by Passng the "Unit-fcjttsSj Americ tvisitin VOL. 101 LIGHTS DOUSED ON WEST COAST Baseball Parks, Theatres, Billboards Included In Army Order SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 3. (Wednesday) (JP) The army today called a stop to baseball and other outdoor sports at night on the Pacific seaboard, ordering every electric sign and theater marquee extinguished and prescribing some form of shielding for virtually all other types of exterior lighting.

The regulations, defined in a proclamation by Lieut. Gen. J. L. De Witt, commanding the fourth army and western defense command, will become effective August 20 and continue as long as the war lasts.

Covers Wide Strip Covering a strip of western Washington, Oregon and California at some points as much as 150 miles wide, they have the effect of extending and tremendously augmenting the "dim-out" order requested by the navy last spring for certain oceanfront sections of the roast and administered by the office of civilian defense. The proclamation created a "zone of restricted lighting," which General De Witt said the present situation requires as a matter of military necessity. "The armed forces of the enemy have made attacks upon vessels of the United States traveling along the Pacific coastal waters and upon land installations," the proclamation said. Three Degrees of Darkness "It is necessary to provide maximum protection for war utilities, war materials and war premises located within the states of Washington, Oregon and California against enemy attacks by sea and air." The army order provides for "three degrees of darkening. Com pletely blacked are "illuminated signs and ornamental lighting of every description which are visible out-of-doors, floodlighting which illuminates buildings or signs and Interior signs and ornamental lighting immediately within unob-scured window areas." It is this clause which bans after dark athletics and billboards, display lighting, building outline lighting and the like.

Exception is made in the single case of ordinary store show-window lighting "of normal intensity," unless such illumination is visible from the sea. PHOENIX ROOFERS SUE ON CONTRACT rifOEXIX, Aug. A. (JP) The Roofers local union filed suit ln Maricopa county superior court today to compel the Cuddihy Roofing and Materials company to comply with a contract in which it agreed to employ only union roofers on a Luke Field project. The union asked $2,000 actual damages and $2,000 punitive damages.

Judge Arthur T. La Prade ordered the company to appear August 12 to show why it should not be compelled to employ only union roofers while the suit is pending. obedience to win immediate freedom from British rule. Gandhi admitted the substance of the charges, but said he had taken his position for bargaining purposes. Resolution Adopted Such a resolution was eventually adopted by the working committee and is to be voted by the party in a momentous meeting this Friday, but the approved resolution, supported bv the more moderate Paiv dit Jawaharlal Nehru, omitted references advocating direct cooperation with Japan.

Gandhi's proposed resolution stated in part: "Japan's quarrel is not with India. She is warring against the British Empire. India's participation in the war has not been with the consent of representatives of the Indian people. It was a purely British act. "If India were freed, her first step would probably be to negotiate with Japan "This committee desires to assure the Japanese government and people that India bears no enmity either towards Japan or towards any other nation.

India only desires freedom from all alien domination. "But in this fight for freedom, the committee is of the opinion that India, while welcoming universal sympathy, does not stand in need for foreign military aid. "India will attain her freedom through her non-violent strength, and will retain it likewise. Therefore the committee hopes that Japan will not have any designs on India. "But if Japan attacks India and Britain makes no response to its appeal, the committee would expect all those who look to the congress for guidance to offer complete nonviolent non-cooperation to the Japanese forces, and not to render any assistance to them.

Interviewed in Bombay tonight, the aged but still powerful Gandhi made it clear that he not only did favor, but still does favor negotiations with Japan for an independent India. "I purposely incorporated the sentence about negotiations with Japan, and if ultimately it was dropped and I associated myself with the deletion, I did so out of regard for my co-workers not because I was uncertain as to what I meant to do. Plans Outlined "If India became an independent nation tomorrow I -would certainly plead with the provisional government to send me, old as I am, to Japan and I would plead with her as the first instance to free China, her great neighbor, from the menace Japan has become and to tell her if she doesn't do this elementary justice, she shall have to count on the stubborn resistance of millions who would at long last find themselves in possession of the thing which the nation prizes before everything else." DISASTER CLASSES PLANNED IN STATE PHOENIX, Aug. 4 Anne Carter of San Francisco, disaster case work supervisor for the Pacific area office of the American Red Cross, will arrive Friday to conduct a series of disaster case work institutes in Arizona. Miss Carter will be in Tucson August 10, Nogales August 12, Bis-bee August 14, Douglas August 15, Yuma August 18, Florence August 21, Globe August 25, Flagstaff August 27 and Kingman August 29.

JAP SUBMARINE MACHINE-GUNS CREW OF SHIP Two Killed by Gunfire, Six Others Succumb To Exposure DRIFT SEVERAL DAYS Freighter Captain Fails in Effort to Elude Attacker SEATTLE, Aug. 4 (TP) A Japanese submarine crew machine-gunned survivors of an American freighter, which was sinking in flames after severe shelling in the north Pacific, members of the crew related today. They were interviewed with approval of the 13th naval district staff headquarters after being evacuated recently from a hospital in Alaska. They said eight members of the crew died in the attack the night of July 14 two of gunfire and six succumbing to exposure on life rafts that two others were wounded by shell fragments, and that all 24 survivors were suffering from exposure when picked up after drifting four to eight days in a lifeboat and two rafts. Casualty List The dead and available home addresses: Anthony Amundsen, chief engineer.

Bernard Rodman, seaman, San Diego, Calif. Rudolph Petterson, seaman. Emil Nilsson, seaman, Seattle. Lloyd Carlson, seaman, Seattle. Martin Knudsen, seaman, San Francisco.

Thomas F. Ware, seaman. Alexander Heitner, seaman (miss ing). The wounded: John Walter Gaekel, seaman, Boise, Idaho, shrapnel in legs. Donald Erickson, seaman, Seat tie, shrapnel in legs.

Survivors sad that Seaman Rodman was struck in the jaw by shrapnel during one period of shell ing, and later was shot in the back as the Nipponese machine-gunned the survivors attempting to leave the flaming vessel. They said that one man threw himself on the deck when the shelling started and was killed by a shell fragment. All the other fatalities were by ex posure. Medium-Sized Ship The vessel was described as a medium-sized cargo vessel owned by a Pacific coast company and commanded by Capt. Christian ilv-enson, San Francisco.

A lookout first sighted the im- derseas boat about 8 p. m. The master ordered a zig-zag course The submarine soon dived. A navy signalman aboard the freighter stood by to make the proper recog nition signal should the sub prove to be of a friendly nation. About 30 minutes later the sub surfaced, about three miles away.

It began shelling the fleeing ves sel. Four shots went overhead The fifth struck the starboard fore castle, damaging rigging, tearing through the deck and going out through the bow. Five more rounds went wild. Shelling ceased until 10 p. m.

The submarine had approached to closer range. Captain Evensen put his craft into violent maneuvers to keep her stern toward the attacker. One shell splintered the starboard lifeboat; another ripped through the wheelhouse and tore a corner off the radio room. A third knocked down the funnel, carrying away the antennae and silencing the wire less. A fourth shell passed between captain and mate on the starboard bridge wing, and did no damage Then a direct hit disabled the rud der control and set the stern afire Lifeboats Shelled Captain Evensen rang down the engines and gave the order to abandon ship.

Water from bilge-pumps half filled the only remaining lifeboat. It pulled away with 14 men in it. The port raft got away with 15 men in it and the starboard life raft went into the sea with three aboard. The Japanese machine guns swept the survivors as they drifted away from the brightly burning ship. The starboard raft, on which Rodman was killed, was riddled and (Continued to Tage 10, Column 8) ously bossing the removal of a charred wagon.

John Ringling North heard their reports, and said that upwards of two score animals were dead. "Others may have to be destroyed. There is a puma that. is suffering," he said. A few minutes later a shot ended the puma's life.

North tentatively estimated the loss at $200,000. He said a fire officer had told him he believed sparks from a train, passing by on the lakefront, had started the blaze. The animals killed by fire or destroyed by the guns of quickly gathering police and coast guardsmen included two elephants, 10 camels, eight zebras, five lions, two tigers, three deer, two Indian don-kevs. two brindle gnus, two giraffes and the puma. The performing animals, the big top, the horses and the gorillas, "Gargantua" and "Toto," were unharmed.

Linchwan Is Hammered From Air as Army Surrounds City BARRACKS SMASHED But Invaders Drive Out Chungking Forces In Chekiang CHUNGKING, Aug. 4. (VP) Chinese assault trooDS sur rounded the Japanese-held stronghold of Linchwan lu-chow) and stormed to its very walls today after the invaders' defenses were pounded hard by the United States bombers in China. A Chinese spokesman said the American raid yesterday had been of invaluable aid to the attack since the Chinese forces lacked the heavy equipment to batter down the defenses of the city in central Kiangsi province. Bombs Dropped.

Lieut. Gen. Joseph W. Stillwell's headquarters announced that quarter-ton explosives smashed Japanese barracks and blasted to bits docks and waterfront installations along the Fu river through the city- One 550-pound bomb was said to have crashed directly upon the Japanese headquarters. Fighter pilots guarding the bomber formation machine-gunned river craft and damaged two Japanese transports.

Returning fliers said they saw Chinese ground forces driving in upon the Japanese. Chinese Advance Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek's high command announced that Hu-wan 12 miles southeast of Linchwan, was recaptured from the Japanese a few nours alter me bombing, and the Chinese forces smashed on to the southern and western gates of Linchwan. Other Japanese forces hemmed in east of Kwangfeng, in eastern Kiangsi province, were reported virtually wiped out. In Chekiang province to the east however, Japanese troops drove the Chinese from Sungyang in a thrust 15 miles west of Lishui, Japanese- held airport city. MANDCIOTO DISCUSS MERGER Green and Murray Agree To Name Committees For Meeting CHICAGO.

Aug. 4. (TP) The American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organi zations agreed today to consider merging their forces in one huge unit at a historic peace parley. A conference to study steps to close the seven-year gap between them and to bring approximately 11,000,000 workers under a single standard became assured when AFL President William Green re ported the federation's standing when an AFL committee was ready to meet a similar group appointed bv CIO President Philip Murray. The AFL reported the date and site of the meeting would be fixed by members of the committees, expressed the hope that the nego tiations would be finished this fall.

and stated he was confident "the conferees will be able to reach a settlement fair to all concerned." Murray, in a letter to Green last Sunday, advised that he had named a committee to discuss possible establishment of organic unity be tween our Green regarded the note as the CIO's "of ficial acceptance" of the AFL's suggestion last May that peace parleys be resumed. Green told reporters he believed President Roosevelt was "deeply interested in a reunion of the labor bodies. From both camps came clarifica tion of the objective of the forth coming conference "organic unity." Green interpreted it to mean "the merging of the two or ganizations into one, the setting up of one national labor movement, clothed with authority to speak for the organized workers of the nation." A Murrav aide who asked omission of his name defined it as a "merger into a single organiza tion." If the AFL. claiming 6.000,000 members, and the CIO, claiming 5,000,000 adherents, reunite, it would raise the question of what, if anything, John L. Lewis would do.

Lewis, head of the United Mine Workers, bolted the AFL in 1933 and set up the CIO. There have been reports that Lewis, at odds with Murray, would withdraw his union from the CIO. TAX TROTEST PHOENIX, Aug. 4 (P) The state tax commission, sitting as a board of equalization, will hold a hearing tomorrow on the assessed valuation of $5,659,163 on the Magma Copper Company, Superior. The commission today heard a protest by the Molybdenum Corporation of America on the S12S.310 valuation on the Boriana tungsten mine at Yucca.

Armored Forces Pound Through Red Lines Near Oil Supply OTHER GAINS MADE Berlin Claims Capture Of City 180 Miles Beyond Rostov MOSCOW, Wednesday, Aug. 5 (jV) German troops have made another 50-mile advance in the Caucasus to threaten Tikhoretsk. an important junction on the Soviet railway system, and also have gained in the Don river elbow northwest of Stalingrad, the Russians announced early today. Driving southwest of Salsk alon the severed Stalingrad-Krasnodar railway, the Nazis have reached Belaya Glinta, and their apparent goal is Tikhoretsk, another 50 miles away. Seizure of Tikhoretsk would outflank the Russian army still fighting the Nazis at Kushchevka, 50 miles to the north, and enable the Germans to control large segments of Russian railways in the western Caucasus.

Red Lines Broken German reserves succeeded In punching a hole in Soviet positions in the Don river elbow some SO miles northwest of Stalingrad. "In the Kletskaya area and south of it." the midnight communique said, "our troops repulsed many enemy attacks and inflicted many blows on the enemy. "Fighting in a large populated place has been in progress for several days. In one sector the tank-ists of our unit attacking enemv infantry crushed with their caterpillars 270 German officers and men. "The Germans threw in manv reserves, and only at the cost of heavy losses pressed back somewhat our troops." The push to Belaya Glinta rep resents a ii)-miie thrust into th Caucasus by the Nazi salient which crossed the Don near Nikolaevsk.

bridged the Manych river to reach Salsk; then turned southward toward Tikhoretsk. Losses Ifpavy "In the area of Belaya Glinto the communique related, "our troops fought heavy defensive engagements against superior numbers of enemy tanks and motorized infantry. The Germans are sustaining heavy losses." Already threatened with encirclement, the Russians In the Kushchevka area were falling back slightly under a German drive southward along the Rostov-Tikho-retsk-Baku railway. "In the Kushchevka area." the bulletin said, "the German Fascist troops continually attack our defense lines. Most of the attacks are repulsed.

In one sector only the enemy succeeded ln pushing forward. Fierce fighting, with varying success, continues ln the area of a populated place." Cossacks Active Cossack cavalrymen equipped with modern weapons were in the thick of the Caucasian fight, but the tone of the Russian communique made it only too evident that the German mechanized might was telling in most sectors except perhaps at Tsimlyansk. All attempts to cross the stream in the Kletskaya region were declared repulsed, and on the lower Don near Tsimlyansk German forces which poured across bridgeheads apparently were contained in a pocket on the south bank. The gallant Cossacks many of whom had grandsons at the front were yielding ground in their beloved homeland only after strewing the freshly-harvested steppes around Salsk with Fascist dead, but courage and stoic disregard for death was hardly a match for the mechanized might of Hitler. Critical Zone The Caucasus was the most critical zone along the 2.000-mile battle-front, because German troops were nearing the Maikop oil fields, which produce 7 per cent of Russian petroleum, and were striking hard for the derricks of Grozny, which vield another 3 per cent or more.

The vast Baku pools near the Caspian were more man miles away. These producers of 75 to 80 per cent of Russian oil were protected by the towering Caucasus mountains. BERLIN CLAIMS BROAD ADVANCE BERLIN (From German Broadcasts) Aug. 4 (JP) The Berlin radio quoted Berlin militarv quarters tonight as saying that German troops driving deep into the Caucasus had established bridgeheads across the upper Kuban river, natural barrier where MarshafTimo-shenko had been expected by some quarters here to make a major stand. The Nazi high command earlier cleamed the capture of Voroshi-lovsk, 180 miles southeast of Rostov and some 35 miles east of the curving Kuban.

(Reuters heard the Vichy radio say that the Germans Kuban near Nevinnomysskaya, which is on the Rostov-Baku railway some 200 miles southeast ol Rostov). GERMANS STAGING MORE BOMB RAIDS ON BRITISH TOWNS LONDON, Wednesday, Aug. 5. (JP) German night raiders dropped high explosive bombs at one point in southern England early today. During Tuesday Nazi raiders damaged two English towns in scattered attacks, and British Spitfire fighter-bombers struck swiftly at the Calais area of occupied France.

Many Nazi planes were heard over one coastal town this morning heading in a northwesterly direction, and in south Wales numerous anti-aircraft guns were in action. NAVY CASUALTY LIST REEASED 12,342 Dead, Wounded and Missing Since Start Of Fighting WASHINGTON, Aug. 4. The navy, releasing its ninth casualty list of the war, announced today that dead, wounded and missing men reported to next of kin from the start of the war to July 25 totaled 12,342. The recapitulation was the first officially issued since the navy began issuing casualty lists for its own personnel and its component services, the marine corps and the coast guard.

27 Dead The ninth casualty list contained the names of 27 dead, 47 wounded and 198 missing a total of 272 reported to next of kin during the period July 11 to 25, inclusive. In this particular list, the navy said, there were no coast guard casualties and marine corps casualties were only 3 killed and 1 missing. The recapitulation showed that the burden of losses had been borne by the navy's own men who have engaged in such actions as the China sea campaign, the Coral sea battle, the Midway battle and the initial engagement of the war at Pearl Harbor. The recapitulation showed that of 3,541 dead reported to date 3,251 were officers and men of the navy, 260 were marines and 30, were coast guardsmen. 924 Wounded Wounded were 924, consisting of navy 818, marine corps 99, coastguard 7.

Missing were 6,091 for the navy and 1,786 for the marine corps, a total of 7,877. No coast guardsmen have been reported missing. In releasing casualty list No. 9 the navy said that some of those listed as missing may have been rescued at sea and landed at isolated spdts where they are unable to communicate with United States naval authorities. BLACK MARKET IS CHARGED IN STEEL WASHINGTON, Aug.

4. (P) President Roosevelt said today that anyone selling steel on a "black market" should be jailed, and the office of price administration ordered an immediate investigation of reports that black market sales had been made to the Higgins shipbuilding yards in Louisiana. Price Administrator Leon Henderson said the action was taken on the basis of testimony before a congressional committee by Frank Higgins, who is associated with his father, Andrew Jackson Higgins, in operation of shipyards in the New Orleans area. Higgins told the committee, at a session in New Orleans today, that while the construction of the Higgins shipbuilding yards had been ordered halted on the ground that steel was lacking, an abundance of the metal could be obtained on the "black market." edge of the formidable mountain barrier, but it wa3 obvious the Australians would be much happier if they, instead of the Japanese, held kokoda. The Japanese were reported to have shelled and machine-gunned Gona and Buna before landing.

A few white officers and native troops in the district withdrew toward Kokoda, but the Ja'panese were right on their heels. In one place the Japanese even caught up with the retreating Allied troops by swimming a mountain Stream whose bridge had been destroyed. Each time the Australian patrols made a stand the Japanese fanned out in the jungle, cutting paths with axes and bush knives, to encircle the Australian positions. The Japanese jungle fighters were described as wearing green uniforms to blend with the forest, and green mosquito veils over their heads and shoulders. NAVY SQUADRON GOT 54 PLANES Official Story Is Told of Feats at Midway and Coral Sea WASHINGTON, Aug.

4. (JP) A single squadron of navy fighter pilots was credited officially today with having shot down 54 Japanese planes and probably 18 others to help with the great air-sea battles of Coral sea and Midway. The squadron lost only four planes, two to enemy fighters and two which ran out of gas. In reporting the squadron's score, the navy said that it was made in four actions one in the Coral sea and three at Midway and called these "the most decisive series of individual aircraft actions the war to date." Twenty-Two Zeros Among the enemy planes reported as certainly shot down w-ere at least 22 Japanese "Zero" planes, long regarded by American military and naval authorities as the enemy's best fighters. The Zero is lighter, more maneuverable and has a faster climb than the American planes brought against it, but the American planes have more armor protection and fire power.

In a sense; therefore; the single squadron's fighting record was regarded in naval circles here as one measure of the relative merits of the Japanese craft and its Grumman "Wildcat" opposition as well as of the combat skill of Japanese and American pilots. participating in the Coral sea battle, the fighter pilots were transferred to the aircraft carrier Yorktown, where they formed fighting squadron number three under the leadership of Lieut. Commander John S. Thatch, 37, of For-dyce, one of the navy's most noted squadron chiefs. Holds Navy Cross It was his.

squadron which last February brought down 16 of 18 Jap bombers attacking an American carrier in the western Pacific. He won the Navy Cross for that victory and one of his pilots, Lieut, (now a lieutenant commander) Edward Hare, won the Congressional medal of honor for single-handedly getting five of the 16 planes. The navy gave this account of the exploits of the fighter pilot group: In the Coral sea battle they shot down 28 Japanese planes, 14 of which were "Zero" fighters. They probably bagged seven other planes, but confirmation of these was not complete. They lost no planes to the enemy, but two ran out of gas and were lost at sea.

All three of the squadron's Midway actions, a month later, occurred June 4. In the first of these, six fighters from squadron three were assigned to escort a torpedo plane squadron for an attack on a Jap carrier. They were intercepted by 20 Japanese "Zeros." In the resulting combat the Japs lost eight fighters certainly, and probably several others, while only two U. S. planes were lost.

Big Day In the second Midway action involving squadron the Japs made a dive-bombing attack on the Yorktown (which was eventu ally put out of action) with 18 bombers protected by 18 "Zero' fighters. Squadron three planes challenged the enemy and broke up their assault "so successfully, the navv said, that only four enemv planes dropped bombs. In the, third action of the day, 18 enemv torpedo bombers and 18 "Zero" fighters made another attack on the Yorktown and again squadron three went to work with such effectiveness that only five enemy planes got through to their objective. The navy said that specific in formation on the results of these individual air battles at Midway" was not available but that all together on June 4 squadron three accounted for 26 planes and probably downed 11 others to add to the Coral sea toll, for a grand total of 54 planes positively downed and 18 probably downed. 'AUSTRALIA QUIET GENERAL MACARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, Australia, Wed nesday, August 5.

() The daily Allied headquarters communique said today simply: "There is nothing to report outside of normal reconnaissance and security activities in any sector. Battles in New Guinea Jungle Give Japs Control of Kokoda Tivo Score Animals Killed As Fire Stveeps Circus Menagerie SOMEWHERE IN AUSTRALIA, Aug. 4. (JP) Shadowy jungle fighting continued at Kokoda, 60 miles east of Port Moresby, today and front dispatches indicated that cooperating Allied planes had demolished the little grass-thatched settlement. The Japanese patrols which pushed into Kokoda from the Gona beachhead were still in possession of Kokoda's airfield, which is the settlement's main value.

Australian patrols were said to have routed the Japanese An every clash in the area, but the Japanese displayed the same cunning which served them so well in the con-guests of Malaya and the Dutch East Indies. Kokoda is a few miles from "the gap" a pass in the towering Owen Stanley mountain range separating it from Port Moresby. This back door menace to Port Moresby was tempered by knowl CLEVELAND. Aug. 4.

(JP) Fire, terror of the Jungle, swept the Ringling circus menagerie today, killing two score animals, but tonight. the big top and the midway carried on with all their bright lights and glittering colors. The flames broke out at noon todav in the menagerie tent, just as the hands were gathering for lunch. There were 18 cages and rows of tethered beasts. Big John Sabo.

the menagerie superintendent, shouted and the animal men came running. In 15 agonizing minutes the tent had burned, cages were charred, the nt raced "cats" had her alded their fierce death, and the rout of elephants, zebras ana camels had subsided to a tense quiet. Dr. J. J.

Henderson, the circus uafirinarian. tumlnz with a grim ace from the quivering body of a camel which had just been destroyed bv a merciful shot, counted the loss. So did Big John, nerv i.