The News Journal from Wilmington, Delaware • Page 1

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m. Journal Evening FULL SERVICE OF TUE ASSOCIATED PRESS, VISITED PRESS AlD INTERNA TIOXAL NEWS SERVICE 1 I VT 1Q1 iavakl rmM 1UU ICmlng Jaaraal a4 Every Enlaf (II iO. lOl Iw graiag ra4 Mil CaaaUdate4 )u. 13S Wilmington, Delaware, Tuesday, August 1, 1944 22 Pages Price Three Cents fyi Id) lit) FM1 fo) JV a 3 Mi JLrsJ-U ILL 2)M illAklM arsaw Reported Afire as Reds Open Assam! Nazis Defeated in Showdown Battle St SwrtBff St. Sow Driest July In 15 Years Sets Record Weary Nazi Legions Lay Down Arms; Rout Spreads Succumbs Hi 1 SsBAYEUX Jm' st mo), FRANCE X9" Workers in Phila.

Stranded by Bus And Trolley Strike 4,500 Employes of PTC Report Out 'Sick' in Protest Against Hiring Of Negroes as Operators; Broad Street Subway Only System Not Affected By United Press PHILADELPHIA, Aug. 1. A surprise walkout of 4,500 trolley motonnen and bus drivers tied up Philadelphia's transportation system today and left unestimated thousands of war workers ttranded at street corners and terminals. The walkout started at 4 a. m.

in one car barn where Negro trainees were scheduled to begin trial runs under the instruction of experienced operators. The operators began reporting off sick, and the walkout quickly spread to other barn3 and to all garages, i 1 i in i mm iiii-iiin'inHi ii nunrwrm ettfttum Afop shows where American forces spearheading a drtt-e down the Norman west coast have established a firm foothold in Avranches. Five crack Nazi divisions were torn to shreds in the show-down battle which has opened the aateway to Brittany and central France. Americans Herd Japanese Into Northern End of Guam Enemy Driven From Capital of Island Pounded by Air, Land and Sea While Pocketed Forces On Tinian Face Extermination tying up the Philadelphia Transportation Company's 1,900 trolley cars, 600 buses, and 59 trackless trolleys. The Transport, Workers Union (C.

I. said the walkout was unauthorized, adding that it had made no contractural objections to the upgrading of Negroes to operator jobs. Eight Negroes were scheduled for operational schooling under the War Manpower Commission 'sffsaiplaa; prohibits U. S. PACIFIC FLEET HEADQUARTERS, PEARL HARBOR, Aug.

1 (JT). American soldiers and Marines, sweeping swiftly across southern Guam and through the capital town of Agana, today squeezed the Japanese tighter in the island's northern half, there to be pounded mercilessly from the air. ground, and sea. On Tinian, 130 miles north of Guam, the battered remnants of the enemy force huddled in a small' 3 -Way Soviet Assault Hits City Suburbs Russians Drive Nazis' East Prussia Defense Back Along 143 -Mile Front in Northern Area LONDON, Aug. 1.

Warsaw was reported in flames tonight as Russian masses pressed upon its northeast suburbs behind a deluge of shells and bombs. Farther north, other Red Army forces forced the Nazi defenders of East Prussia back along a 143-mile front to within 118 miles of the prewar frontier of that cradle of German militarism. Billows of black smoke were reported rolling from the ancient Polish capital. Indicating the Germans were putting it to the torch in preparation for evacuation. Moscow said Warsaw was under siege; that three columns were assaulting Praga, the eastern industrial suburb across the broad and swift Vis tula River.

Marshal Konstantin Rokossovsky First White Russian Army group was reported firing heavy guns over open sights at the besieged German Warsaw garrison. The German High Command said the Vistula had been bridged by the Russians in the bend southeast of the city. Polish underground reports said 25,000 German civilians already had evacuated Warsaw, leaving only the; army and Gestapo. The ger.f!, Ivan -rj. pesj.ed his! drive upon East Prussia in the di-j rpctions of the flvp-way rail June-! tion of Insterbure.

SS miles to the! wet, and on Lyck, 56 miles south-S RI SSIAN WAR-Pat Germans Jam Ankara Trains Believed to Prefer In ternment to Return To Battered Reich ANKARA, Auff. 1 (A). The overnight express train from Istanbul arrived here this morning packed with Germans and their families. A special plane was loaded at Istanbul yesterday with another group of Germans hastening inland to Ankara, the capital, before the meeting of the national assembly Wednesday when it is aornmonly expected that the Turks will announce a break in relations with Germany. (This dispatch, which passed through Turkish censorship, did not bring out why German nationals in Istanbul, on the Marmara Sea only 90 miles from Bulgaria, would choose to flee the 220 miles southeastward to Ankara rather than to the Balkans.

However, at least a few of them probably would prefer internment by the Turks to a return to their war-ravaged homeland. The Germans may expect the Istanbul sector to become a war zone and wish to avoid being held there. Friendly diplomatic establishments in Angara pernaps would provide a haven for some.) Stilwell Promotion Proposed by Roosevelt WASHINGTON, Aug. 1 UP). President Roosevelt today nominated Joseph Warren Stilwell American commander of Chinese forces in Burma, to be a general in the Army of the United States.

The proposed promotion, raising Stilwell to a rank held by Geir George C. Marshall Gen. Douglas MacArthur and Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower, suggested the probability of new and more important work for Stilwell in the Burma-China area.

In the American military organization, he holds the assignment of commanding general of U. S. Army forces in the Burma-China theatre. Army Purchased First Plane 35 Years Ago WASHINGTON, Aug. 1 UP).

The Army Air Forces became 37 years old today, but tomorrow marks the thirty-fifth anniversary of their first flying machine. From a 3 -man beginning, the aviation branch has grown to officers and men with aircraft. An order issued Aug. 1, '1907, created a division of aeronautics in the Signal Corps headed by Capt. Charles Def.

Chandler. His entire staff consisted of Corp. Edward Ward and Pfc. Joseph E. Barrett.

Two years and a day later, the division acquired its first, plane, a 30-horsepower craft built by the Wright Brothers. Only Third as 3Iuch Rain As State 40-Year Monthly Average Fell; 16 'Plus 90' Degree Day Listed Wilmington ended its driest July in 15 years yesterday with victory gardens and farms crying out for a downpour. In the meantime August is getting a start along the same hot, dry lines. Only a third as much rain as the 40-year monthly average fell on Delaware last month less than in any July since 1895 with the exception of 1929. At the same time, Wilmington underwent 16 days with maximum temperatures above 90 degrees, including every one of the eight days of the current heat wave.

Today the prediction was for continued warmth, and the mercury had climbed as far as 83 by 10 a. according to mid-city thermometers. There was no prospect of a rain sufficient to help the state's crops. July's hottest day was last Friday, the 28th, when the official temperature reached 94 degrees. The maximum as reported at Porter Reservoir was 93 on July 6, 7 and 30; 92 on six days; 91 on one, and 90 on five.

In 1942 there were only five July days of 90-degree heat but a peak of 95 was recorded. Rainfall amounting to 1.54 inches was recorded at the Municipal Building last month, while only 1.31 inches were recorded at Porter Reservoir. The record low for 40 years was 128. in 1929, and no other year brought less than two inches. This year's record ties I929's In the number of days during which rain fell five days at the Municipal Building and six at Porter Reservoir.

A normal July has 10 rainy days, with 4.74 Inches of precipitation. "Very severe damage" was noted for all crops in lower Delaware by. Wilmer T. Derrickson of the State Bureau of Markets in Dover. The Dover area had an .82 inch rain a few days ago, he said, while land a few miles away got none.

Mr. Derrickson pointed out that the drought came earlier this year than last and thus hit crops before they were so well developed. He said the situation, while severe throughout the slate, is spotty. A few farms are still moiM enough or farming, while many nearthem are too dry and dusty. Some' cattle are being barn led from next winter's fodder supply because of dried pastures.

Alien Population Shows Decrease Deaths, Naturalizations Cut Total to 33 i ear Low PHILADELPHIA. Aug. 1 (U.R). The alien population of the United States is approximately 3,400,000 as compared with 5,000,000 at the time of the alien registration in 1940. the Bureau of Immigration disclosed today.

In an annual report to the attorney general, Earl G. Harrison, who retired yesterday as director of the bureau, said this was the smallest recorded alien population in 35 years. Harrison said a relatively high death rate among aliens, sharp decreases in immigration, and a greatly increased rate of naturalization have combined to narrow the ratio. Naturalizations hit a new all-time high with a total of. 435,483 new citizens, including 42,717 members of the armed forces stationed in the United States.

Under the mileage rationing regulations, Mr. Hardesty said, home-to-work drivers are required to carry three riders in addition to the driver, in order to qualify for -supplemental mileage. During the 30-day period, all applicants who lack sufficient riders will be expected to recruit their car clubs to full strength. Then they may return their applications to the board, showing signatures of three or more riders, and the board will issue supplemental rations for the three-month period. If alternative means of transportation exist, local boards, under the new' program, "will be expected to refuse supplemental rations to driv- (See GAS RATIONING Page 8) pocket near the island's southern end with no hope of escape.

Marines I on Tinian opened an assault Sunday on what Admiral Chester W. Nimitz termed the "last enemy defenses." With Tinian's conquest near, a Nimitz spokesman said also that "the worst is over on Guam most of the difficult fighting is behind the Americans." The American line on Guam Sunday night extended from a point on Agana Bay, a mile north of the central west eoa.st town of Agana across the island's five-mile waist to Pago Bay on the east shore. From both ends of this land line, Allied warships formed a semi-circle of steel and flashing fire around northern Guam and poured into the Nipponese usurpers of the former U. S. naval base the punishment of their heavy guns.

More than two and a half years after Japan seized Guam, the southwestern part of the island was functioning again as an American naval center. Allied ships steamed in and out of Port Apra, best harbor in the Marianas, and a processsion of war- (See PACIFIC WAR Pajre 4) Naturalized American Gets 20-Year Jail Term NORFOLK. Aug. 1 (IP). Waldemar Othmer.

naturalized American of German birth, pleading guilty to violating the espionage laws of the United States, was sentenced to 20 years in prison by Judge C. J. Wyche in the United States District Court Monday. While Othmer pleaded guilty to committing acts of espionage, he denied that any of them were against the United States. He admitted supplying information about movement of shipping to England, but said all the acts were committed before Pearl Harbor.

Yankees Storm Acros Seliine River to Burst Out of Normandy With Speedy Allied Spearhead Approaching City of Vire By Associated Prest SUPREME HEADQUARTERS ALLIED EXPEDITIONARY FORCE, Aug. 1. American forces carried the invasion of France into -Brittany today and east of the Vire River a speeding American-British approached the key city of Vire. Tonight the Americans were driving back the Germans without pause in the coastal corridor of the' western offensive. Canadians burst forth with new fighting on the Paris-pointed east flank of the advance line.

The biggest offensive of the invasion hurtled into its second week with augmented power. The Germans' whole 80-mile trans-Normandy line appears shattered and disorganized Nazis yielded themselves as prisoners in droves. Ducey Overran Fighter-escorted American columns pushed south of Avranches across the Selune River, the Normandy-Brittany boundary line, four and a half miles to Pontaubault and beyond and ran through Ducey, six miles below Avranches. The juggernaut headed for Vire was only five miles away from that communications center. On the way the column captured Le Beny Bocage, German hill stronghold eight miles north of Vire.

i British Enlarge Bridgehead Behind the drive from Ax-ranches in the corridor between the Vire River and the sea another American column swept south through German resistance at Villedieu and other forces drove the enemy back in the streets of Percy, to which the Germans had been clinging desperately for two days. The British enlarged their bridgehead over the Souleuvre River to a width of half a mile and all the Eveque forest and the village of La Ferriere were in Allied hands. In the British sector east of Caumont, further gains were made in the area of St. Germaine Dectot. Just south of Caen Canadian troops after a deadlock of -nearly a (See INVASION Face 4) New German Rocket Appears Allied Fliers Eneounter New Craft With Terrific Speed in Raids on Reich LONDON, Aug.

1 UP). The Germans have now taken the wraps o3 another new weapon a rocket-propelled fighter and all Allied, fliers who have encountered the planes agreed today they are capable of terrific speed. Little is known so far of the effectiveness of the craft. Only seven have been met and they did not stand to fight, but the speed at which they ran away underscores the importance they might assume if the Germans manage to produce them on a mass scale. Berlin has been hinting at Rocket-propelled planes for The U.

S. Air Force announced last night that Allied heavy bombers and their convoy of fighters ran into a group of the new planes over Germany Friday. The Allies have recognized for some time that Nazi Jet and rocket- See ROCKET PLANES Fate 4) In Today's Paper Paf 4-5 W-21 18 II 2 19 2 It 17 IB II WAR NEWS Amusements Answers to Questions Classified Comics Colbertson on Contract Death Notices Editorials Financial Obitoary Radio Sports Society Women's Interests The Broad Street subway, which cuts north and south through the center of the city, was the only system not immediately affected. The east-tcwest elevated line was closed down at noon. However, the subway depends on the feeder buses and trolleys for most of its passengers, since most of the residential sections are far removed from that line.

After the firt few employes reported off sick at the Frankford car barn, the epidemic spread quickly. As the night men brought in their runs they would report they were ill. Day shift workers all reported but immediately asked to be excused because of illness. The PTC reported that on normal week days the system handles approximately 1.500.000 passengers. Last Tuesday the bus and trolley lines alone carried more than passengers.

Many of the stranded workers were given lifts by passing motorists and hundreds of auxiliary policemen pressed into service with their autos. Streets were lined with thumbing commuters. Railroad trains from suburban sections added extra cars to take up some slack, and taxicabs in the city were at a The Navy rushed all of its Navy Yard buses to the south terminus of the Broad Street subway to pick (See PHILA. STRIKE Page 4) Nazis Pull Out Troops To Battle Partisans MADRID, Aug1 W. The Ger mans have been forced to dispatch several train loads of badly needed troops from the Normandy front to aid Vichy militiamen engaged in sharp fighting with French Parti sans behind the lines, a border re port said today.

Frenchmen of the Maquis were re ported engaged in heavy fighting with militiamen around the Breton city of St. Brieuc, 65 miles west of Avranches on the road to Brest. Sunken Destroyer Used For Training 80 Divers NEW YORK, Aug. 1 (JF). The de stroyer U.

S. S. Turner still is useful in the war despite lying on the bottom of lower New York harbor where an explosion sank her last Jan. 3, the Navy says. The Turner is providing training for 80 student divers, salvage operations have recovered torpedoes, ammunition and equipment for use on other naval vessels.

KEA Telephoto. Two Delaware Infantrymen, Flier Are Killed Soldiers Give Lives During French Invasion; Casualties Also Lhl 2 Wounded Two Delaware Infantrymen, one reported seriously wounded, and the other listed as missing on D-Day, are now reported killed in action during the invasion of Europe. A twice decorated flier reported missing since May 8 is also reported killed in action. The Infantrymen were: Corp. Tech.

Julian Long, 33, son of Mrs. Margaret Long of Christiana. Corp. Tech. Steven Oboryshko.

22, son of Mr. and Mrs. John Oboryshko of 513 East Eighth Street. The aviator was Lieut. Alan C.

Porter. 25, son of Mr. and Mrs. F. Carl Porter of Greenwood.

Two other soldiers are reported wounded. They are: Private John G. Trump. 19, son of Mr. and Mrs.

Charles Trump of Marsh Road, wounded in France on (See CASUALTIES Pag-e 8) 18 Provinces Get 'New Governors, Tokyo Says LONDON, Aug. 1 UP). A Tokyo dispatch broadcast by Berlin' said today that 18 of Japan's provinces have new governors, indicating that the upheaval in the Tokyo government had extended to subordinate units. the English authorities and his ultimate founding of government in Pennsylvania and Delaware. Among the highlights of the general meeting will be the presentation of two original papers on Penn one touching on his life and the other on his influence upon the development of Delaware, known in his days as "Three Counties on the Delaware." Wilmot Jones, principal 'of Friends School, is in charge of a committee that will interest all the schools of Delaware in the Penn tercentenary.

Edgar and Edith Rhoades are arranging for the general meeting. Thomas J. Mowbray is heading up the speakers' bureau. Mrs. Anna M.

Worth is cooperating with the Historical Society of Delaware in its plans. It is considered significant by American historians that the charter of William Penn to what was known as West Jersey and Pennsylvania embodied principles tiiat were later reflected in the Constitution's Bill of Rights. Mr. Frorer explained today further that many of Penn's principles 6f justice and concept of freedom were taken over by other states in their charters. Manuel Quezon Manuel Quezon Dies at Saranae President of Philippine Government Escaped In Sub From Jap Invaders SARANAC LAKE, N.

Aug. 1 tJF). Manuel Quezon, 65. exiled dapper president of the Philippine government, which he had headed sinc 1935. riied tndav at.

a jiimmfr home here from tuberculosis. Sergio Osmna, vice-president of the Philippines, arranged to t.jtka the oath president, this noon. Assoc Justice Robert H. ne mlnisr the oath in the office oTj Interior Secretary Ickes. who now is performing the duties of high com- misAloner of the Philippines.

The maenetic Quezon, who from his native marine Feb. 20. Phihppir.fs fell died at a. He came here from Ashevtlle, Luzon in a sub- 1942. after the to the m.

iE. W. late in the spring N. C. and lived (See MANUEL QUEZON Page 19) Food Promised Neutrals In Child Refugee Swap! LONDON.

Aug. 1 in. Britain and the United States have promised "certain neutral povernmenu" permission to import extra food supplies over blockade quota if they agree to receive child refugees from enemy-occupied countries, the House of Commons was informed today. Dingle Foot. Parliamentary secretary for the Ministry of Economic Warfare, said that Britain now had received through the International Red Crass a promise from Hungarian regent Admiral Nicholas Hor-thy a promise to permit Jewish children to leave Hungary if neutrals would accept them.

He said the British and Americans had been anxious to speed evacuation of any children from war-torn Europe. Girl Scout, 12, Saves Lives of Two 3Ien, Boy VENTURA, Aug. 1 (INS). Two men and an eight-year-oid boy owed their lives today to Mary Jane Stewart, 12, a Ventura Girl Scout. When their boat capsized in the surf in the ocean west of Ventura yesterday, Mary Jane saw it and taking an inner tube swam to their aid.

She brought the boy to shore on the tube and then, with the aid of another 12-year-old girl, swam back and towed the overturned boat to shore with the men clinging to it. Calif. Imported Liquor Drops Below Tax Price SAN DIEGO, Calif, Aug. 1 OP). Some alcoholic beverages have become so cheap in San Diego that dealers have protested to the Office of Price Administration, which has had to explain that its job is to set ceiling not floor prices.

With the reopening of liquor disr tilling in this country, prices on some imported brands have dropped to less than the federal tax on them. One brand of spirits that previously sold for $4.15 a fifth was available today for $1.79. The federal tax: $1.87. Norwegians, in Exile, Pay Final Installment NEW YORK, Aug. 1 (INS).

The Norwegian government, driven from its native land by the German invader, nevertheless today had paid the final installment on a $25,000,000 loan from U. S. firms. The final payment, made by Ambassador Wilhelm Morgenstierne to William G. Brady, president of the National City Bank, amounted to $1,239,000.

rrseY tonciave Date Is Sought -r I 1 gy TT1 td Hazzard, State Chairman, To Recommend Aug. 15 At Meeting in Kent Tonight John C- Hazzard, Democratic state chairman, said today he will recommend to the Democratic State Committee at its meeting tonight in the Kent County Courthouse to change the state convention date from Aug. 8 to Aug. 15, in view of the failure of party leaders in Kent County to comply with the state election laws. They had not advertised the call of the delegate primary election twice in county papers.

He said that it is possible that the new convention date will be more suitable for Senator Harry S. Tru- man. the Democratic nominee for Vice-President, wno has promised Delaware nartv leaders to deliver the keynote address. However, Mr. Hazzard said, if the postponed date is not satisfactory to Senator Truman, Senator Samuel D.

Jackson of Indiana, permanent chairman of the Democratic National Convention in Chicago, has assured Senator James M. Tunnell he would be available. Meantime, Republican officials have learned that' their party leaders in Kent County have made an error similar to that of the Democrats when they only published their delegate primary call once in two papers, instead of twice as required by law. J. Clair Killoran, Judge Percy Warren Green and other Re- (See DEMOCRATS Page 8) Camp Expects Windsors Today Duke, Duchess Also To Visit Injured English Boy at Beebe Hospital 4 REHOBOTH BEACH, Aug.

1 (Special). Walter W. Becker, manager of the farm labor camp 12 miles outside of Lewes on the Lewes-Georgetown Highway, said he is expecting the '-Duke and Duchess of Windsor to visit the camp today and also to visit) the Beebe Hospital to see an injured English lad. Last it was generally understood that the duke and duchess might visit the labor camp within the next 10 days and one reason fr Rwker taid he expected the couple today was because this is Bahama's emancipation proclamation day and there are now 43S Bahaman laborers uric. ex wis su ivrviRion 1 Dr.

James Beebe, director of the Beebe Hospital, has put in a special request that also see Charles F. Evans, 16-year-oia tngiisn rei-uzee who has been in the hospital since .10. suffering from a broken The boy's mother. Mrs. Charles Evans, arrived yesterday from her bome in Surrey, England.

Three Hundredth Anniversary William Penn to Re Marked Supplemental Gas Restricted For All Cars Lacking Riders A comprehensive program to mark the three hundredth anniversary of William Penn, regarded as the "father of American rights and government" in the Delaware River val-iey, is being planned under the directions of the Friends of Wilmington scheduled for October. Penn, son of an English admiral, was bom in England, Oct. 14, 1644 and led an expedition to America in 1682, landing first at New Castle where he formally took possession of vast holdings in the new country, including what is today Pennsylvania and Delaware. James R. Frorer, general chairman of the tercentenary committee of the Friends in Wilmington, said that tentative plans call for a general public meeting, possibly in the Friends Meeting House at Fourth and West Streets; also for a series of brief talks before service and other clubs by speakers whose topics will be wide in range.

It is likely that the Historical Society of Delaware will officially take part in the celebration and there are plans for the participation of the Wilmington Drama League in dram atizations of Penn's conflict with Beginning today, local ration boards will issue supplemental gasoline for only 30 days to home-to-work applicants who do not have a full ride-sharing arrangement. This is part of a program announced by Charles W. Hardesty, state OPA director, to require all home-to-work automobile drivers to carry "full car clubs." The plan is part of a nation-wide program to save gasoline and tires by stepping up the efficiency of car pooling, the Delaware office was advised by the National OPA Office. With the inauguration of the new plan, local War Price and Rationing Boards will be expected to refuse full supplemental gasolin rations to home-to-work drivers who have not yet completed full car clubs, Mr. Hardesty said..