The Los Angeles Times from Los Angeles, California • 4

decembEk-ct MONDAY MORNING. BATTLESHIP OKLAHOMA SET AFIRE BY WARPLANES British War Declaration Against Japan Awaited Parliament to Hold Special Session Today; Winston Churchill's Pledge to Act Recalled Jap Raid Believed Hindering Action Attack on Hawaii Viewed as Cover for Other Moves in South China Seas and to Gain Time BV MAJ. GEORGE FIELDING ELIOT -T i -f yv )-v: NEW YORK, Dec. 7. -Tonight the war becomes a World War in grim earnest, as Japan, desperate and surrounded by foes, strikes savagely at the United States.

The Japanese air. attack on the American naval base at Pearl Harbor point sufficient to enable any would be called for a rush meeting during the night. The Prime Minister and Ambassador were said reliably to be out of London but it was assumed that both were In closest communication with Washington. Preparations for any eventual-ity in the Pacific have long been under way by Britain and the empire. Early this year the British began reinforcing Singapore with troops and strong detachments of R.A.F.

pilots and ground crews. Only five days ago the admiralty reorganized its Pacific units into one command to be known as the eastern fleet. Admiral Sir Tom Phillips was given the assignment of whipping the new fleet into battle trim. PROMISE RECALLED Most of the British Cabinet was believed to be in London tonight. The Prime Minister's promise, made in a speech Nov.

10, was recalled on every hand. It was then that he said United States naval operations in the Atlantic had freed Britain to send formidable -elements of her naval power to the Pacific. Excitement swept this capital In a strained voice, a B.B.C announcer broke into a Sunday evening program to tell the news. Hotel lobbies filled quickly with amazed people asking, "is it really true?" EAGER FOR DETAILS They crowded around chattering news tickers- but learned no details to fill In the bare an LONDON, Dec. 8 (Monday.) (P) The British Parliament was called Into special session for 3 p.m.

today to hear a government statement which everyone agreed would be a declaration of war against Japan which was expected to coincide with similar action by the United States. Japan already had declared war on Great Britain and the United States last night as Prime Minister Churchill conferred with United States Ambassador John G. Winant and as London awaited fulfillment of Churchill's now unneeded pledge to declare war on Japan "within the hour" if Japan attacked the United States. EMBASSY TO LEAVE The Japanese Embassy, which had been inaccessible by telephone four hours, late last night completed arrangements to quit Britain immediately, including the burning of its secret documents. Japanese Ambassador Kami-mura was expected to be called to the Foreign Office today to receive his The Tokyo government previously had ordered the Ambassador home for consultation.

The Ambassador said he expected all the 500-odd Japanese in Britain to be interned imme diately "at, least in principle." ENVOY NOT SHOCKED Japanese Third Secretary Mat- sul said the news of war "comes as a surprise, but not as a shock." The only documents from Prime Minister Churchill's offi cial residence said both the House of Commons and the' House of Lords would meet at 3 p.m. and "a statement will be made in both houses." Churchill and Winant were closeted in conference quickly after President Roosevelt's announcement that Japanese planes had attacked United States Pacific bases and British sources said Britain's Cabinet probably INVADERS SCORE FIRST Picture shows U.S.S. Oklahoma which was set afire at Pearl Harbor when Japan launched surprise bomber raid on Pacific bases. No report was given on any casualties among the crew. wireohoto Hull Discloses Demands Made in Japan's Talks Secretary of State Calls Attack on Hawaii Treacherous and Utterly Unprovoked Three American Ships Attacked Warcraft Targets of Air Raid in Which Japanese Planes Downed Japanese Pour Into Settlement Nipponese Sink British Gunboat but Fail to Molest U.S.

Vessel SHANGHAI Dec. 8 (Monday.) Japan's armed forces juenounceQ ine Japanese auac brought the new World War the United States as WASHINGTON, Dec. 7. () Secretary of State Hull tonight 1-1 il 1 Posals made to Japan for a peace- ful settlement of all Pacific prob lems and Tokyo's reply. The usually soft-spoken Ten-: Shanghai today, treacnerous ana utterly British gunboat voked" and made public for the terel off the water front and country's Information the pro- (That stipulation was inter- pieieu neie as mnuuig japan io renounce ner ties wun uer- many and Italy.) The United States and Japan would endeavor to conclude a nonaggression pact among the British Empire, China, Japan, the Netherlands, the Soviet Union, Thailand and the United States.

All of the governments signing that nonaggression pact would join in guaranteeing the territorial integrity of French Indo-China. Hull disclosed that a Jaoanese plan had been communicated to the State Department June 21 but had not been found likely to nessean issued a statement injjpxESE PLAN Attacks Stir Congress; War Declaration Seen vmLi Unei members of Congress, and most Traffic rme to Ta standstill in of thcm frccl' Predictcd that of Honolulu. However, he Congress would adopt a declara-that hadadded, traffic to and from Waikl- tion cf war without hesitation if has not yet progressed to a judgment to be formed as to ever, already are clear. iThe attack has been launched from aircraft carriers. The num ber and type of planes reported (fighters, light bombers, heavy bombers,) could have come only from carriers, as Japan possess es no land bases near enough to permit such an operation by such types of aircraft.

PURPOSE OF ATTACKS The first attacks were made on the naval air station on Ford Is land, base of the Navy's giant patrol bombers, and on the Army base at Hickam Field, home of the long-range bombardment squadrons of the Army Air Corps. This was, of course, to impede attacks by these long-range air craft on the Japanese earners, so as to allow the latter to re ceive back their planes for re arming and refueling to carry out further attacks against other objectives. Reports that the Governor has proclaimed a state of emergency that policemen and firemen have been called to Army stations and that the Japanese are using pa chute troops suggest the possl bility of a planned rising on the part of the Japanese population of the islands. However, such a contingency has long been expected and provided against by defense plans and is thought to have little chance of success. SCOUT CHUTE REPORT The report of parachute troops being used may refer only to pi-lota and other flying personnel "bailing out" of damaged aircraft; it seems hardly likely that parachute troops could be used from carriers in sufficient force to accomplish anything on the heavily garrisoned Island of Oahu, which is very far from being another Crete.

As to the purpose of Ihe Japa nese attack, it seems likely on the' basis of information now available to be one of delaying the westward movement of the United States Fleet, which is de pendent almost entirely on the naval base at Pearl Harbor. COVER OTHER OPERATION'S Probably the Japanese desire to cover operations in the South China Sea by which they might hope to establish Japanese dom inance in that area before the United States Fleet could arrive to Interfere. Hence the report that the Japa nese have also attacked Manila may be significant; it is possible that the Japanese now will launch a full-dress attack against the Island of Luzon in the hope of reducing that island before the Fleet can put In an appearance. THEORY BORNE OUT This theory is borne out by the reported presence of Japanese submarines on the San Francisco-Honolulu line. The Japanese have about 25 submarines capable of crossing the Pacific and returning without refueling, and their operations will tend to impede communications with Hawaii and the mainland, also they can be expected to inflict such damage as they can on American warships.

The Japanese have taken a grave risk in sending aircraft carriers to attack Pearl Harbor. The island of Oahu i. one of the strongest and most formidable maritime fortresses in the world. Its striking power is enormous. The Japanese carriers attacked in the early morn ing hours, Indicating a high-speed approach during the night; they may have commenced their ap proach from any point within eight hours steaming of Oahu, or a matter of 200-250 miles.

MOVES ELSEWHERE It seems likely that they are riaval carriers, since converted merchant vessels could not have Enough speed to start so far away at nightfall, and would probably have been located by American patrol planes before darkness fell. On the whole it may be ex pected that the really decisive moves by the Japanese will be in the South China Sea area, cov ered by the operations In Hawaii in order to give the Japanese lime for gaining their Far East ern objectives. It is not very Ukeiy that the Japanese will suc ceed in doing enough damage at Oahu to procure any great delay lnAmerican fleet movements, hop that they will be able quickly td either Manila, Hongkong or objectives farther south. The whole Japanese program is one of pure desperation. bo far as can now be judged, and the reaction by American, British and other forces will soon take place so that no snap judgment should be formed on the basis of early accounts of Japanese attacks.

CoDxrUht, 1941. Ktw York Trlbuns Ins. as its results. Certain points, how i ri DiocKaaeraii Facing Tokyo Attack Believed Attempt to Prevent Cutting Supply Lines WASHINGTON, Dec. 7.

(P)- Strategists here suggested to day that one of the $rime pur poses of the initial air attacks on the American insular out posts in Manila and the Philip pines was to break an attempted blockade of Nippon before it could be well organized. They said a general conflict In the Orient, fought over vast areas of land and ocean simul taneously, would be primarily a war of blockade. The initial objective of the United States, with whatever aid comes from other would be to cut off Japanese sources of supply from the outside world and at the same time undertake an air offensive designed to destroy transportation facilities, power plants, munitions factories and other sources of military power in Japan. Estimates of the Japanese air force, made before today, varied widely, ranging from 2500 to 3600 planes. Nazis Approve War Prayer (Nw York Timaal FULDA (Germany) Dec.

7. The conference of German Catholic bishops assembled in Fulda has. recommended the introduction of a special "war prayer" which is to be read at the beginning and end of all divine services. The prayer implores Providence to bless German arms with victory and grant protection to! the lives and health of all soldiers. The bishops further instructed Catholic clergy to remember in a special Sunday ser mon at least once a month Ger man soldiers "on land, on sea and in the air." The German Catholic clergy, while strongly objecting to certain aspects of Nazi racial pol icy, has always taken care' to emphasize the duty of every Catholic to his country as loyal Germans in the present war.

Copnitht, 1M1. New York Timai Port Black-Out Ordered by Navy Action Described as 'Precautionary Measure' Complete black-out of the har bor area, Including San Pedro, Wilmington and a major part of Long Beach, was ordered early today by Capt. Richard R. Coff man. assistant commandant or the 11th Naval District.

The official order went out shortly after midnight and the black-out first ordered In the United Stateswas expected to be complete by 4 a.m. today. It wag described as a "precautionary measure" by the naval office. There was no indication of whether it would be repeated on future nights, nor was there any official announcement of the reason for the precaution. All police and law enforcement agencies were asked to co-operate, Street lights were to be darkened as well as all lights In and around oil storage tanks and re-j fineries.

The American Legion and vol unteer forces were to co-operate with police In the black-out. New Mexicans Seek Declaration of War ALBUQUERQUE (N.M.) Dec 7. Representative Clinton Anderson (D.) N.M., today ad vocated an immediate declara tion of war on Japan and said the tactics employed in the sur prise attacks in the Pacific were the same used by -Germany In all her sweeps on unsuspecting and unprepared nations. Senator Chavez (D.) N.M., like wise stated that "if the facts are announced, I would be in favor of a declaration of war against Japan." cumnuuie io ine ultimate od- proposed in August to meet Presi dent Roosevelt for a discussion' of the problems between the two nations, but it said that the United States, while agreeing i principle to the proposal, had insisted that the meeting take place "after an agreement of view had been reached on fundamental and essential tjuestlons." JAPANESE DEMAND The Japanese government demanded that to maintain peace in the Pacific the United States must restore all commercial re lations with Japan, unfreeze Jap anese assets in this country and supply Japan with oil. japan agreed to undertake not to send armed forces into any other country 'in the South Pacific except French Indo-China.

Japan would, it pledged, withdraw troops from French Indo-China under certain conditions, including the establishment of an equitable peace in the Pacific; area. rri i i a I i ine Japanese note ciwi gea indi Jective Of securing peace in Pacific-- I The Japanese note disclosed the Japanese Premier connection with the publication of the document declaring that it now was apparent that the Japanese professions of a desire for peace in the conversations held with him by the Japanese envoys had been "infamously false and fraudulent." CONCESSIONS OFFERED The Japanese broke off the dis cussions with the charge that the "attitude of the American government" had made it "im possible to reach an agreement through further negotiations." The American note, handed to the Japanese envoys by Hull Nov. 26 called for Tokyo to aban don aggression and offered eco nomic concessions from this country. In reply the Japanese charged that the United States sought to "conspire" with Great Britain and other countries to thwart Japan's "new order In East Asia." The salient points of the American note were these: AMERICAN PROPOSALS In the American note to the Japanese government, handed to the Japanese envoys Nov. 76 which the Japanese government rejected today Secretary Hull proposed: Japanese withdrawal of all mil itary forces from China and Indo- China.

Agreement by the United States and Japan to recognize only the national government of China, which now -has its temporary capital at Chungking. The United States and Japan to give up all extraterritorial rights in China and seek to In duce Great Britain and other nations to give up theirs. Negotiations to be undertaken between the United States and lapan for a trade agreement based upon reciprocal most-fav ored nation treatment and reduction of trade barriers by both countries, including an undertaking by the United States to bind raw silk on the free list. The removal of freezing restrictions on Japanese funds here and on American funds In Japan. FUND STABILIZATION Agreement on a plan for stabilization of the dollar-yen rate.

An agreement that no pact which either country has con cluded with any third power shall be Interpreted to conflict with the fundamental purpose of the proposed agreement the establishment and preservation of peace' throughout the Pacific. nouncements. The gravity with which Brit ain views the announcements was shown immediately in stories which started flowing over British news ae ncy tickers. "Everyone now realizes that the United States is in the war, which becomes a world-wide con flict," declared Reuters under a Washington date line. means of entry by this eoun- try into the European conflict He called attention to the 'Vast distances of the Pacific" and warned that "it may take two or three years to fight this war to the end." Chairman May (D.) Ky of the House Military Affairs Commit tee said he favored immediate, declaration of war, and described the attack as "treachery personified." CALL TO KEEP CALM There were calls, too, for the nation to keep calm.

Representative (D.) the House majority leader, said all Americans must unite against the attack but should "remain calm but determined and follow the leadership of President Roosevelt." Senator Van Nuys (D.) called the situation "distressing and crucial" and added: "Now is the time to keep our heads." Chairman Reynolds (D.) N.C., of the Senate Military Affairs Committee, said: "I am 100 per cent against war. I want to know all about what has happened before I say anything about declaring war." He added that he blamed the attack both on Japan's Axis commitments and the desire Of Great Britain to "get us to protect their $3,000,000,000 Investments In China and to relieve forces that can be sent elsewhere to fight." Senator Elbert D. Thomas (D.) Utah, commented: "It (the Japanese attack) Is an act of desperate men and will result as such acts generally do In those men'a own destruction. The Japanese government has plainly gone mad." Other comment: Senator Guffey (D.) "I am disappointed, but not surprised, and I favor an immediate declaration of war." ONE THING TO DO Eberharter (D.) "This country cannot permit any nation to attack our possessions or threaten our sovereignty. There is only one thing for us to do and that Is to go all-out and try to destroy Japan's navy completely as quickly as possible." Senator Glass (D.) "I have no comment.

I'll communicate my own position when the Senate meets." Chairman Bloom (D.) N.Y., of the Hquse Foreign Affairs Committee: "We are now facing facts rather than possibilities and the United States has never flinched in the face of facts. The Army and Navy 'will take over the situation with a united people behind them under their Commander 'in Chief." VOL. LXI, Nt. NEW YORK, Dec. 7.

(P) An N.B.C. observer reported tonight from Honolulu that in an air raid by panes identified as Jap- anese, three United States ships, including the battleship Oklahoma, were attacked in Pearl Harbor. Several of the attacking planes, which came from the south, were shot down, he said. One man was killed by a bomb which fell in front of the Gov- ernor's mansion in Washington Place, the observer continued, and another dropped near the Advertiser Building. There was heavy bombing of Heights and other resi- 'ki seemed to be still-normal Holland at War, Minister Reveals Consul Makes Public Message From Envoy The Netherlands considers her at war with Japan, it was disclosed here in a telegram re ceived by Dr.

Adrian Hartog, Netherlands Consul, from Dr. Alexander Loudon, Netherlands Minister at Washington The telegram read: "The Netherlands Minister at Tokyo has received orders to in form the Japanese government that the Netherlands govern ment, owing to the attack having been opened by the Japanese government against two nations with which the Netherlands are on cose friendiv terra. consid janan Jl Death in Hawaii Stuns Father SAN DIEGO, Dec. 7. God.

I can't believe it!" exclaimed L. A. Tyce, when informed his son, Robert L. Tyce, had been killed today in the Japanese air raid on Honolulu, probably the first American to die in the Pacific war. Tyce was machine-gunned by Japanese bombers raiding his civilian airport as he attempted to spin the propeller of one of his planes.

Tyce, 37, was a San Diego resident until he established the Hawaiian airport In 1935. His par ents and a brother reside in near-. by Chula Vista. London Offers Self in War TOPEKA (Kan.) Dec. 7.

() Alf M. Landon, 1936 opponent of President Roosevelt, telegraphed the President tonight "there is imperative need for cou rageous, unified action by Amer ican peopie. The Japanese attack leaves no choice. Nothing must be permitted to interrupt our victory over foe, Please command me in any way I can be of service. sending their columns Into the section of the century-old International Settlement vacated by United States marines only a week ago.

The United States gunboat Wake, lying not far from the Peterel, suffered no immediate harm. (A pro-Axis radio broad cast from Shanghai said she was captured by the Japanese.) SURGE INTO DISTRICT Japanese naval and army pa trols surged across the Soochow Creek bridges Into the main sec tion of the international area from which thev had been held In recent years by United States and British defense forces. The British army units were with drawn early in the European war. All hands are believed to have gone down with the 310-ton Peterel, whose normal complement was 55 'men. Furious artillery and machine-gun fire marked her last fight before she disappeared under the muddy currents of the Whangpoo.

U.S. UTtLITV SEIZED The American-owned Shanghai Power Light in the downriver area which the Japanese have held since 1931, was seized. Japanese planes dropped leaflets announcing the seizure of the settlement but urging the people to' go about their business and remain calm. Many members of the diminished American community, although shocked, prepared to go to their offices and await developments. Shortly after seizure of the entire water front of the settlement a portion of the Japanese army and navy patrols were withdrawn and something approaching normal traffic was resumed.

LONG IX POWER (The Japanese have held the northern part of the International Settlement, the Hongkew and Yangtzepoo districts, since 1937. They have dominated the French concession since soon after the fall of France. Of the International Settlement only that portion south of Soochow Creek, patrolled by American marines, remained outside their control, which included the purely Chinese areas of Greater Shanghai surrounding the international core.) Guns Kill One in Election Clashes BUENOS AIRES, Dec. 7. (J?) One man was killed and another injured In a brief gunfight which opened election day In Buenos Aires Province.

shooting occurred at Qull-mes, an industrial center 21 miles south of this capital, where police Friday night broke up a meeting of the Radical pat ty. Police said Radical partisans passing on a truck fired into a local group, hitting two men. The vote at Buenos Aires Is the last of three provincial elections to select Governors and provin cial legislators to replace Federal administrates. ne unuea states oosessea witnjers i(sclf lherefort at war with WASHINGTON, Dec. 7.

(TP) Japan's attack on American outposts today brought immediate expressions of indignation from President Roosevelt asked for one. Such vigorous critics and op ponents of the administration's foreign policy as Senator Wheel er (D.) and Representa tive Fish (R.) N.Y., called for unity. LICK SAYS WHEELER "The only thing now is to do our best to lick hell out of them," heeler said at Billings, Mont He added that he assumed a war declaration will be made immediately and declared the "must, have enno rrayv 0 "In view of the vicious and un called for attack upon the United States by the Japanese government, Congress must declare war upon that government," said the Montana Democrat, isola tlonist bloc leader, HOPED TO AVOID IT "The Japanese have chosen war. must now exert our every energy not only to win but to give the Japanese such whipping that they will not want war again. I had sincerely hoped that we could avoid war both in the Atlantic and the Pacific.

War seldom, if ever, settles anything and it is inconceivable to me that the Japanese government would be foolish enough to want war with this country. "Everyone, regardless of party affiliations, must back up the ad ministration to the end that we win. This applies to labor, capi tal and all other classes." TO RETURN AT ONCE Wheeler, cutting short a Mon tana visit, will return at once to Washington by train. Fish said he will make an address in the House tomorrow asking the American people "to present a united front in support of the President of the United States, the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces." Senator George (D.) mem ber and former chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Com mittee, said an open declaration of war "will give us greater freedom of action." POSSIBLE ENTRY He said the attack might draw the United States directly into the European war, "but not necessarily." Russian collabora tion with the United States in fighting Japan, he said, is a pos- its own views ana opinions, may V- IJ 4. 1 1 1 extension of the war." Irvin S.

Cobb Quits America Firsters Author Urges Solid Front Against Enemy Irvin S. Cobb last night dls patched his resignation to the Chicago' headquarters of the America First Committee. "Until this- war is won and completely won, I think It is the sacred duty of every American to uphold the stand of our governmentand support It in every way," the writer said. He urged "an unbroken and unbreakable front to America's enemies." Japanese or any other power hostile to the continent. It Is understood that Mexican and American officials have already discussed this exigency.

Gen. Miguel Z. Martinez, Police Chief of Mexico City, said special guards are being placed at the American Embassy and Consulate General and at the Japanese Legation and Mexico's President Speeds Plans Against Sabotaging MEXICO CITY, Dec. 7. (U.R)-Presldent Manuel Avlla Camacho and Foreign Minister Ezequiel Padilla conferred hurriedly today apparently to orient Mexico's position in face of hostilities in the Pacific.

It was reported on reliable authority that Mexican government officials are prepared to folio." prearranged plan of vigilance to prevent possible sabotage by the IN THI YEAR ArM tltHiVP DI0. 4, 1M1 Th TlnMi Building, Pint ind Spring Phent MAdlien 134S AT NIWB8TANDI llnl Clti, Dally, nntil Sunday, 10 ant. BY MAIL OR CARRIER California. Arliona. Navada.

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