The Pittsburgh Press from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania • Page 38

Want Ad Headquarters, Court 4900 Other Press Departments, Court 7300 SUNDAY, DECEMBER 30, 1934 PITTSBURGH PRESS. HISTORY FLIERS Combat Ice Science, Partially Successful, Strives to Conquer Air Hazard PUBLIC Takes Loss Souvenir Collectors Are Bit Hard on School Silverware May Repeat -1 IV U1 Italian Invasion of Abyssini; Is Similar to Seizure Of Manchuria EIGHT SOCIETY SECTION By GUY V. MILLER Press Foreign Editor By DALE McFEATTERS Press Aviation Editor NOW COMES the season of the year when fliers are preparing to face one of -their most dreaded enemies ice. Formation of ice on aircraft, flying through moisture-laden air in freezing weather, always is a menace. The weight of it forces down a plane, sometimes making it necessary for the pilot to leap for safety with his parachute.

Consequently, aeronautic scientists are bending their efforts to discover when ice may be expected and the type and degree of its formation so that fliers may be warned of its presence. Edward J. Minser, chief meteorologist of TWA, has studied the problem and, from data from pilots together with instrumental and laboratory research, has reached a few conclusions which he makes known in the Air Commerce Bulletin. Mr. Minser places ice in three classifications clear, rime and frost.

Mi t'oi AK -15 'XXCP' By W. P. BOTSFORD Press School Editor SOME of Pittsburgh's public school students, it appears, belong to that eager agglomeration known as souvenir hunters. William E. Strickler, superintendent of supplies of the city school system, handed out a row of figures yesterday on missing cutlery that he says clearly shows a "souvenir craze" in the schools.

The inventory indicates that during the past year 3,751 teaspoons, 2,216 knives and 803 forks disappeared from school lunch rooms. "Far be it from me to say that Pittsburgh students are souvenir-minded," said Superintendent Strickler, who knows a good buy even when he doesn't see one. "But until I find out the how-come of this shortage in spoons and forks and knives IH put it down as souvenir hunting." "There's no use getting worked up about it," he went on. "We have a lot of people who like to pick up little mementoes of their visits to restaurants, night clubs and hotels and many other interesting places. It's our folk-way I suppose." A YEAR Of Changes 1934 Saw Many Drastic Shakeups Among Nations -i rrif-R VV lA( fit ANNY KONETZNI MODERN JERITZA' Born to Sing in Opera Vienna Soprano, Here to Seek New Fame, Speaks No English, Uses Wo Lipstick and She's Picture Of Happy Health By DOUGLAS GILBERT NEW YORK, Dec.

29 Anny Konetzni, the buxom fraulein from Vienna who replaces Jeritza at the Metropolitan this season, is a boon to Bodanzky. Born to the tradition of German opera, she knows her stuff and escapes the maestro's rehearsal bawlings out. At the same time she adds a bit of Ringstrasse gaiety to the drab barn that is the opera f'house backstage. Abyssinia, Africa's last independent empire, has a poorly equipped army with which to hold back an invasion by Italy's armies. Above are Abyssinian soldiers, with their antiquated rifles.

Below, Chief Ghogoli, one of the commanders of the Abyssinian army. ART LAGS In Old Year By DOUGLAS NAYLOR Press Art Editor npHE TURN of the old year intolried), Japanese officers. There are rumors that Japanese merchant ships are secretly landing rifles in British East Africa and that these guns are to be smuggled into Abyssinia. However, if the Italian invasion continues, France and England will lose even more than they would through a Japanese-Abyssinian tieup. Once the Italian flag flies over Addis Ababa, France will be forced to surrender the rich railway line and the rich platinum and gold mines that she operates.

And England's treaty giving her control of the Upper Nile will be voided, once MussoliniT)btains full control of the country. There are rumors that Italy, The Pittsburgh Board of Educa tion now has approximately 2,166 dozens of forks, over 1,400 dozen knives and 1,997 dozens of spoons that daily are used to guide food to the mouths of nearly 110.000 students here, according- to Mr. Strickler. Only a week ago the School Board authorized the purchase of $226 worth of forks and spoons. 1 COSTS less to educate than Franklin D.

Roosevelt. This is the conviction she pxnresseH rpr.pnt.lv at a conference called by the Federal Department of Education to consider the problems of training children who are seriously handicapped in mental or physical condition. Mrs. Roosevelt emphasized the fact that every community must some day or other pay the price of its handicapped individuals, and that the price of providing special educational facilities for the retarded child is less than the price of supporting it in an institution the handicapped adult who has not been helped to help himself. "Our fundamental conception of what we should do for children through education has been wrong," Mrs.

Roosevelt said. "It ought to be not to give every child the same type of education, but to find out as early as we can in their schooling what it is that every child responds to and what lines he should follow. and I think then we would probably do a much better job than we are doing today." States must recognize this fact, she said, and make adequate provision for the education and care of mentally deficient children, of the emotionally unstable, and of those who are seriously physically hampered. Local communities must do likewise in planning the programs of their public day schools. Parents, too, must face the facts, recognize the limitations of their children and plan intelligently to make the most of those abilities which they do possess.

Exceptionally gifted children should not be overlooked, Mrs. Roosevelt feels. They should be helped to realize their highest capacities and to offer the greatest i possible contribution of service to the world's work when they are i mature, 'I'hic This whole program of special education for exceptional children. Mrs. Roosevelt said, should begin early, at the very beginning of the child's school life or even at nursery school age.

Only thus will it be possible to secure the most substantial returns on the investment and to build adequately for adult life that will not be a burden upon society. THE average, each teacher in this year has more than 28 pupils in each class, compared with 24 pupils per class eight years ago, according to the State Department of Public Instruction. In Pittsburgh the teacher "load" per class ranges from 30 to 35 pupils. Cincinnati, collected over 91 per cent of its school taxes for 1934, compared with 72 per cent in Pittsburgh. In Baltimore, no one is allowed to buy' an auto license until his school tax is paid.

W. A. I. Is there any court ruling on compulsory military training in American colleges? Ans. The Supreme Court on.

Dec. 3 handed down an opinion unanimously sustaining the right of the University of California and other land grant colleges to require military training as part of their curricula and to deny admission to students refusing to comply. This ruling upheld suspension of two students who refused because of religious and conscientious objections to submit to military training. legions of modern Rome are on the march again. And as they penetrate deeper into Abyssinia Africa's last independent empire the world wonders if history is about to repeat itself.

In 1931, a petty dispute served as an excuse for Japan's invasion and ultimate annexation of Manchuria. Today, Italy has seized upon a similar petty quarrel to justify her military activities in Northeast Africa. Because wild Abyssinian tribes men fired on Italian scouting planes, Mussolini's soldiers, equipped with planes and tanks, already have advanced more than 100 miles into Abyssinian territory. Two Abyssinian towns have been bombarded from the air, with great loss of life. Daily skirmishes between the Italians and Abyssinian border patrols are reported in dispatches from Addis Ababa, the capital.

As yet, II Duce has not said how far he intends to go. Official newspapers in Rome hint that Italy will perfectly satisfied if the present invasion adds a few hundred square miles of territory to her African colonies. But the great knowing Rome and its ambitious dictator, are skeptical of this explanation. They suspect that Mussolini is going to do what Japan did in 1931 continue the invasion until all Abyssinia is conquered. They are not alone in their suspicions.

Abyssinia itself believes that the present invasion is part of: a general scheme to make an Italian colony out of the country. In in dignant notes to the League of Nations, she has frankly said as much. As proof, Abyssinia points out that this is no ordinary skirmish between border patrols. Italy's best colonial troops make up the invading army. And they have enough tanks and airplanes with them to put on a first-class war, if necessary.

ACTING under orders from Emperor Haile Selassie, the world's last absolute monarch, the Abyssinian soldiers thus far have offered no strong opposition to the invading forces. Like the Chinese in Manchuria they have retreated slowly, hoping that the League would intervene and force the Italians to halt. But the League is pursuing a strictly hands off policy. Abyssinia's notes of protests and her threats to Invoke Article XI of the League Covenant have been received and filed, without comment. Whether Geneva will act unless it is forced to is a dubious question.

In that case, the Abyssinians soon mav decide to offer active resistance to the Italians. Already, Italy's flag flies over Ualual, a town 100 kilometers (62 miles), from the border. In another week, the Italian columns may be well on their way to Addis Ababa, unless they meet opposition en route. Abyssinia's army, needless to say, is no match for the powerful military machine Fascist Italy has cre ated. Although Abyssinia has a population of 20,000,000 the army comprises only a few thousand half-trained soldiers, equipped with antiquated rifles.

There are a half dozen tanks and airplanes and a few dozen field guns, some nearly 50 years old. In time of war, Abyssinia would have to depend mainly upon her tribesmen, many of whom still fight with spears and shields. Nevertheless, the Abyssinians are a proud people, with the reputation rr uir-tr, fiovno fi ol-i pre Trt 1 RQR AfftC Tt-nMnn trruMc trio 1 TIO 1 1 'i 1 1 invasion OI flUjmilUa. vrir met bv an armv of a quarter of a I million tribesmen and were decis- ively defeated. Few of the Italians Modern Rome's Fighting Legions.

escaped alive that day, a fact patriotic Italians have never forgotten. If Italian troops continue to penetrate into Abyssinian territory, therefore, they can expect bitter opposition. The Abyssinians have none too much faith in the League of Nations as an instrument 01 peace. If they cannot obtain satisfaction from Geneva within a few days, they may resort to the only means of defense available, armed resistance. FROM the Abyssinian standpoint, they have reason to be suspicious of the League of Nations.

At one time or another, its chief members all have tried to annex Abyssinia. Had it not been for the World War, Abyssinia probably would belong either to France or England. Prior to 1914. the British were penetrating steadily into Abyssinian territory from the direction of the Egyptian Sudan. Italy was threatening invasion from Italian Somali-land.

France had obtained important concessions from the inchidine the right to build nnri control a railway line from Addis Ababa to Djibouti, on tne During the WTorld War. England, France and Italy were too busy defending their own colonies even to an Abvssinian invasion. But as soon as hostilities ended, tne threat of annexation was rcw Ttw xioimori that she had been promised Abyssinia, as her share of the war booty. At the Paris Peace Conference, her delegates fought a of The first, the scientist says, is smooth, glassy, tenacious and ap parently the most treacherous. It has been known to form at the rate of one inch per minute.

"Rime" is opaque ice, crystalline in struc ture and ordinarily easily removed by "vibration. Frost is a light for mation and never assumes any degree of magnitude, Mr. Minser says. FROM his research work, the meteorologist finds that clear ice forms in clouds of warm air mass origin, while rime generally occur in cold air mass clouds. The dis tinction in type is due to the rate of freezing.

In a warmer air mass cloud, containing large droplets, freezing is slower. As each droplet is encountered on the wing of a iilane it spreads over previous ones, thawing and freezing, forming a clear, solid mass. Under colder conditions each droplet freezes before another is encountered, forming a granular opaque mass. Mr. Minser reports that in winter over level country, vertical convection or atmospheric disturbance diminishes rapidly at levels above 10,000 feet.

"Therefore," he says, "at these levels the temperature is far below freezing and rime ice will be the usual form. Certainly this becomes a far safer flight path than at lower levels." He appends the following warn ing: "Since a cold aircraft will accelerate ice formation, a climb from a cold air strata through a warmer dense cloud demands caution. If climb is maintained at the maximum rate permissible, the inversion above the cloud may be reached before ice has formed to a dangerous degree." IN RECOGNITION of their service in the air at the County Fair, Commissioner Charles C. Mc-Govern has presented bronze plaques to four fliers. They are Captain Corley P.

Mc-Darment, former Air Corps commandant here; Major Halsey R. Bazley, manager of County Airport; Lieutenant Verne Hubbard, reserve officer, and James Franklin, who gave the nightly fireworks display. Jim' Franklin, the latter, is one of two local fliers added to the flying staff of Central Airlines. Jack Fife, pilot of the Ford tri-motor which has taken thousands for sight-seeing trips from the county field, is the other pilot. Central Airlines this week placed three Fords in service along with Stinsons and Lockheeds.

The ships are to be used until the spring when brand new planes are to be bought. Mr. Bazley has been appointed chairman of Pennsylvania activities in the joint drive for a unified air force and an airport upkeep program. Several measures are to be brought before Congress. FROM the method used to release tiny scout planes from the Navy airship, Macon, the pilots have drawn the insignia painted on their fuselages.

A pair of acrobats swing in midair, a portly one representing the mother ship and a thin one the scout craft. A new device for testing the ability of airplane pilots has been invented. The flier sits at regulation controls, facing a panel on which colored lights flash. A certain flying situation is represented by each combination of lights and the pilot's reactions are recorded by an automatic chronograph. Here's a story of speed.

One of American Airlines planes, departing from Chicago airport for St. Louis, had just cleared the Illi nois field when the pilot was called back by radio to pick up additional mail. Within five minutes it -had circled back and landed, taxiing to the starting gate. The door opened and out jumped a passenger bound for Peoria. 'Oh boy!" he exclaimed, starting for the exit gate.

"I never believed this trip could be made in such a hurryf" The Bureau of Air Commerce re ports that more than 150 unassisted hooded landings with a tri-motorea transDOrt Diane have been made. The Army's blind landing system is used and tentative plans nave neen made to install this equipment along a transcontinental air route ior commercial tests. Airnlane Dilots now have some what the same trouble as motorists. Since the addition of brakes to planes, the tire situation is becoming a problem. The extra wear and tear soon means replacements.

Facts Scientific About Everything On Aug. 14, 1932, a snake caused 100 deaths near Kolaphur, India; the snake crawled from a floating log to a boat, which was upset in the panic and 100 persons were drowned. A four-legged hen is owned by he Nathan Walkers of Forester Center, R- Full of "Wunderbars!" and beaming broadly, she came down 'to re hearsal today from her West Side hotel still astonished at a town whose buildings rise beyond 10 stories and whose night is an electric daytime. Fraulein Konetzni (she is unmar- speaks no English except 1 -Radio City" and twenty-o-five," the latter being her hotel room number. So with the aid of Jules Judels, rehearsal manager at the tntpn.

thfl floor of a dressing room and deliv ered third-party observations on her first New York visit with an occasional hark-back to her early theater days. tT IS that I am hearty, eh?" 1 i by way of Mr. Judels. "Well, 1 am I interested in sports. Ja, I held the I A nr-ffi vi enriiviminn Vq ivininnertin Austrian swimming championship some time ago.

"I am what you call, nein, what I call a reformed contralto. It is most amazing what happens to my voice. Always I sung contralto. then, like that, it shoots to a higher register. Ana 1 naa to learn a new repertoire, but it was easy.

Music i is the easiest art in the world, if you i like music." 1 she reiusea a cigarec ana to ivir. judels expressed a desire for a throat lotion. "It is the climate," he explained. "Fraulein Konetzni has met with such bad weather 1 since she arrived." ROUGELESS, powderless, no lipstick, hers is a face that well might win the box of apples, say, as Colorado's healthiest girl. She spoke of Richard Strauss, her friend, and considered the outstanding living composer of serious music, and of the new opera he is finishing.

It is "Die Schweizama Frau" (The Silent Wife), and it is to be presented this year in Dresden. She referred to jazz, rippling on to Mr. Judels in her musical guttural Deutsch, as though delighting in a conversation that had nothing to do with his piece of copy. "Jazz," she exclaimed, "ach, jazz. Is it that it should be a controversy about dance music? Nein.

Jazz is to one's taste. Some of it is good, some of it." She shrugged. "I do not know what is to become of it. I hesitate to express opinion." She also shied from Austrian politics, offering another shrug to the question and replying, cannily, "How can I tell? I live on trains." bitterly for the right to annex the country. Fortunately for Abyssinia, France and England objected.

They wanted share of Abyssinia's riches, including her great gold deposits and undeveloped trade. And they knew that if Italy became the owner, the door would be closed to outside nations. So, for the past 15 years, Abyssinia has remained an independent nation, surrounded by the colonies three great powers. By an unwritten agreement, France, England and Italy have kept hands off, although each has done its best to capture the major share of the country's foreign trade. Also, with an eye to the future, the three powers have enforced an unofficial arms embargo against Abyssinia.

By maintaining strict vigilance along the frontiers, they have permitted no shipments of modern rifles and cannons to reach Addis Ababa. ESS than a year ago came 1. definite indications that the truce was approaching an end In his various writings, Mussolini sud- denly began to talk more about tne necessity of extending Italy's colonial empire. The Italian garrisons in Somaliland were strengthened and King Victor Emmanuel paid a brief visit to Africa, to stir up enthusiasm among the natives for Italian rule. The Abyssinians were prompt to take counter-precautions.

They applied for admission to the League of Nations and were accepted. The purpose of that move was to enable Abyssinia to use the League's arbitration machinery in the event of threatened invasion. In addition, Abjssinia made an open bid for the friendship of faraway Japan. A commercial treaty giving the Japanese valuable trading rights was drafted and signed. The engagement of the Abyssinian crown prince to a Japanese princess was announced.

And most significant of all, a Japanese military mission was sent to Abyssinia to train the army. Today, Japanese-Abyssinian alliance is one of the main reasons why France and England are offering no open objections to the present Italian invasion of Abyssinia. After what happened in Manchuria, the two nations have no desire to see Abyssinia become too friendly with ambitious Tokyo. Italian newspapers already report that Abyssinian troops along the Somaliland frontier are under the command of WHEN the history of the twentieth century is finally written, the year 1934 will receive more than the usual amount of space. In every respect it was an outstanding year marked by assassinations, bloody insurrections and by drastic changes in government.

The little republic of Austria figured prominently in the world's headlines throughout the past 12 months. Beginning Feb. 12, Vienna was the scene of bloody insurrection between government forces and the Socialists. In June the title of the state was changed to "Bundes-staat" or Federal State, following Italy's proclamation of a corpora tive state. Chancellor Dollfuss was assassinated on July 25 and there was more fighting, this time between Federal troops and the Nazis.

The year closed with rumors of impending strife still circulating throughout Austria. Dictator Adolf Hitler continued to make fundamenal changes in Germany's government during the year. On Jan. 30, the Reichstag passed a bill abolishing the state diets and placing all control in the hands of the central government. Upon the death of President Von Hindenburg, on Aug.

2, the offices of President and Chancellor were merged, with Adolf Hitler assuming both. In June there was a bloody "purge" in Germany which resulted in the execution of scores of high Nazi officials. During 1934 Dictator Benito Mussolini carried out his long-planned scheme of making Italy a corpora tive state. On Nov. 10 the new Council of Corporations, the supreme ruling body next to II Duce, began to function.

THE only international wars of importance during 1934 were the Chaco war between Bolivia and Paraguay and a conflict between Saudi-Arabia and Yemen. The former still was in progress as the year ended, with the Paraguayans continuing to penetrate into Bolivian territory- The Arabian war, which began in March, was termi- nated in May by a treaty of friend ship. Civil wars occurred during the year in Spain and China, as well as in Austria. On Oct. 6, there was a bloody uprising in Catalonia, which the government finally surpressed.

Communists continued to be active in China and several pitched battles took place between "red" troops and government forces. A new empire was formed in March when Kang Tehf better known as Pu-Yi was proclaimed Emperor of Manchuokuo. Partial or complete dictatorships were proclaimed in Esthonia and Bulgaria. There was only one outstanding change in frontiers during the year. On July 20, Italy was given 35,000 square miles of territory in Africa by Great Britain and Egypt.

The new colony borders on the southeastern corner of Libya. However, as the year closed, there was fighting on the Abyssinian border and rumors of an impending Italian invasion of the last independent state in Africa. A NUMBER of treaties, greatly altering the political lineup in Europe, were signed during the year. On Feb. 9, Rumania, Yugoslavia, Greece and Turkey entered into a Balkan Treaty." Esthonia, Latvia and Lithuania agreed to present a joint front in international mat ters by a treaty signed Sept.

2. Italy, Austria and Hungary signed a semi-political, semi-commercial agreement on March 17. Treaties of friendship were signed by Hun gary and Poland and Bulgaria and Yugoslavia in September and October, respectively. In anticipation of the Saar pleb iscite, France and Germany reached an agreement on Dec. 3 providing for the transfer of the French-controlled coal mines in the Saar for a price of $40,000,000.

A European war was narrowiy averted by the League of Nations following the assassination of King Alexander of Yugoslavia on Oct. 9. Yugoslavia charged Hungary with complicity and deported thousands of Hungarians living in northern Yugoslavia. The League Council, however, managed to avert an open showdown by promising an investigation. Three new countries became members of the League of Nations during the year.

They were Soviet Russia, Afghanistan and Ecuador. Russia, once the outcast among nations, resumed friendly diplomatic relations with Bulgaria, Hungary and Rumania. As the year closed, only Yugoslavia, of the European states, was oufficially unaware of Moscow's existence. 1 the new in the art world of Pittsburgh pivots on Gerald L. Rrnrkhnrst.

British artist. Whose nn.ncj collection of superb etchings opened this month at Carnegie Institute, and will continue until Jan. 20. In looking back over the old year, we are inclined to deal with two subjects in this final art column of the year: John Kane and the Associated Artists of Pittsburgh. The late John Kane was a lovable old character, as eentle as he was pugnacious, doggedly determined to 1 a.X 1 i s.

a. be a creative artist instead of a hack swabber of paint on box cars and houses. It is futile to speculate whether the world will ever accept him as a great artist. But we have seen a few of his paintings, particularly landscapes, that were perfectly rhurmintr in rtat.t.prn rnlnr and mood. Maybe they will become "old I masters" some day.

WE WONDER how strongly Pittsburgh artists are catching the spirit of modern national turning to real American scenes for inspiration. It is unlikely any size- able group in this district has yet seen its importance to any extent. Too many are still frittering over nudes, still lifes, bucolic landscapes and innocuous portraits of insipid looking people. A row of mothers slumped on a bench in the waiting room of a welfare agency would be a subject for a picture more than a hundred times as impressive as a whole room full of nudes. PITTSBURGH is beginning to wade out of the bog of depression.

This city is waiting for painters and printmakers to picture its industrial life. Curiously, few Pittsburgh artists have turned to that panorama. There was the late Aaron H. Gor-son, who sold many attractive canvases, mostly twilight river scenes enriched with a spectrum of colors from flaming furnaces. Another former Pittsburgher, Otto Kuhler, did some industrial paintings of Pittsburgh that show the possibilities for design in modern machinery.

A noteworthy list of etchings have been created by Joseph Stastny, a Pittsburgh artist who is finding his material in our bridges, river life, architecture and smoky skyline. You don't need to be serious, either. An example was the painting last year by Everett Glasgow at the Associated's show at the It was called "Three Fish," and contained a portrait of Mayor McNair, a picture of a red herring, and a self portrait of the artist. Such paintings are worth while. THE EXHIBIT of the Associated Artists at the Carnegie Insti tute last February is worthy of discussion.

This reviewer still holds to his first reaction that too much amateur student work is allowed entry into these annual shows. As a business proposition, this policy may be sound. Artists must pay a membership fee of $5 before submitting work to the show. It seems reasonable to conclude they are more apt to help fill the treasury if they feel pretty sure of getting a picture hung at the institute. There are more than 300 paid-up members now, with entries closed for the coming show.

But the policy if it be a policy is not commendable from an artistic viewpoint. We think the jury ought to be advised to tighten up on the standards they set for pictures they admit. Conquering Lion of Judah Can Be save his country? France and England already have reached a secret agreement whereby Mussolini is to be permitted to annex certain choice portions of Abyssinian territory, adjoining the Italian colonies. If true, neutral Europe wonders if II Duce intends to carry out his end of the bargain. In 1931, they recall, Japan informed Great Britain that she had no desire to annex Manchuria, that her only object was to protect her vast interests in North China.

Whereupon her armies promptly continued their invasion until they reached the frontiers of Soviet Russia. Mussolini may have a similar plan up his sleeve. If he does history will repeat itself at the expense of England and France. Ten Foremost Foreign Events of 1934 1 King Alexander I of Yugo-Slavia and Foreign Minister Louis Barthou of France are assassinated (Oct. 9) at Marseilles.

2 Dictator Adolf Hitler subjects his Nazi party to a violent "purge," summarily shooting nearly 100 leaders (June 30). 3 Chancellor Dollfuss of Austria is shot down (July 25) in the chancellory in Vienna by conspirators attempting a "putsch." 4 Prince George of England marries (Nov. 29) Princess Marina of Greece amid pageantry which drew the attention of the world. 5 Latter months of year occupied by frenzied attempt by both parties to influence coming plebiscite in the Saar. Agreement reached on Saar coal mines.

6 Increasing aggressiveness by Mussolini, Italian dictator, marked the year, in militarizing youth of Italy from the age of 8 and in taking active hand in mid-European politics. 7 Throughout the entire year Bolivia and Paraguay reeled back and forth in deadly and eostly warfare over the Chaco, despite efforts of the League of Nations to mediate. No decision. 8 C. W.

A. Scott and T. Campbell Black, English pilots, win the London-to-Melbourne international air race (Oct. 23) in 2 days, 22 hours. 59 minutes.

9 After five nerve-racking days. 1,200 coal miners emerge from the pu at Pecs, Hungary, finally dissuaded from a sensational threat of mass suicide in protest against conditions of work. 10 Dramatic rescue by planes from Arctic ice floes of 104 of the crew and passengers of the sunken Soviet ice-breaker Chelyuskin. 1L 2- Two of the Brockhnrst etchings at the current show of his prints in Carnegie Institute. At left is "The Black Silk Dress, and at right is "The Amber-ley Boy.".