St. Louis Post-Dispatch from St. Louis, Missouri • Page 4

4A ST. LOUIS POST-DISPATCH, SATURDAY, AUGUST 29, 1953 ST. LOUIS POST-DISPATCH 0n Rebuilding the U.N. with Mr. Dulles'a superior President Eisenhower.

When the executive branch stands on these principles, it is on strong ground. When it throws subordinate officials to the wolves, as it did in the case of Theodore Kaghan of the State Department's information service in Germany, it is inviting congressional invasion of the sphere of executive responsibility. Foundtd by JOSEPH PVUTZEK Dtcmhtt lilt fuM.M The Pulititr Publufcinji Co, TebshsM Adiun MAm 1111 I1J1 Olive St. (1) THE POST-DISPATCH PLATFORM I know that my retirement will make no difference in ita cardinal principlea; that it will always fight for progress and reform, never tolerate injustice or corruption, always fight demagogue! of alt parties, never belong to any party, always oppose privileged classes and public plunderers, never lark aympathy with the poor, alwaya remain devoted to the public welfare; never be satisfied with merely printing news; always be drastically independent; never be afraid to attack wrong, whether by predatory' plutocracy or predatory poverty. JOSEPH PULITZER.

April 10, M07. Saturday, August 29, 1953 LETTERS FROM THE PEOPLE Secretary Dulles, in his address to the American Bar Association, opened up the subject of revising the U.N. charter only in the most general terms. He did not in so many words advocate abolition of the great power veto. But he implied as much when he described the veto power as one of the present charter's great weaknesses.

If there It going to be any serious talk of eliminating the veto, then, it should begin with serious talk about American willingness not Soviet or British or French or Chinese willingness thus to subordinate national sovereignty -to the U.N. If we ourselves are not prepared to take that step, we cannot In honesty demand that others accept It. The U.N. charter could, of course, stand improvement, but it is easy to forget that any revisions must be those which can command universal support. The charter is a contract among sovereign nations.

Every item in it, and therefore any proposed revision, is subject to a "veto" by every member, in the sense that no nation can be coerced to remain a member on terms which it declines to approve. Mr. Dulles says the present organization has demonstrated an inadequacy which grows out of the fact that its "effective functioning depends upon co-operation with a nation which is dominated by an international party seeking world domination." If he means by this that the U.N. can function effectively only by eliminating the necessity to co-operate with the Soviet nations, then he seems to be advocating a charter revision that will result in a U.N. with the Soviet bloc excluded.

That would not be a U.N. It would be something else. Before we accept the idea that exclusion of the Soviets would solve the problem, we should be clear on just what accounts for the shortcomings of the U.N. Can they really be attributed to the' fact that the Soviet Union is a member? Would everything be fixed up by getting the Soviets out? Mr, Dulles neglected to mention what is probably the basic cause of many inadequacies in the present U.N. charter.

The fact is that the U.N. was not set up to make peace between the big powers, and this fact was frequently emphasized at the time of its establishment. The charter was written on the assumption that the big powers which had fought the war against Fascism would reach -settlements of the great problems growing out of the war, and that the U.N. would take over from there. Owing primarily to Soviet intransigence, those settlements were never reached, and the U.N.

has had to make shift to meet a situation which it was never Intended to meet. Given all the circumstances, It has done pretty well. As to ways of improving its organic structure, it would be well to recognize that perhaps the greatest Improvement of all would be to establish the basic condition for the success of this or any other world organization a diplomatic settlement of the major issues growing out of World War II. What Is the Evidence? Attorney General Brownel! has ordered the National Lawyers Guild to show cause why it should not be listed as a subversive organization. To this Earl B.

Dickerson of New York, president of the organization, replies that "the record of the guild will disprove the Attorney General's unfounded charges." The National Lawyers Guild was formed in 1937 to provide a professional forum and outlet for lawyers who felt that the American Bar As-sociatlon was too tightly controlled by reactionary legal and social interests. The late Frank P. Walsh, distinguished Kansas City and New York attorney, announced it, and the first executivt board included law teachers at Harvard, Columbia, Yale, Chicago, Colorado and other uni- -versities. The beginning president was John P. Devaney, former Chief Justice of Minnesota.

The second president was Justice Ferdinand Pecora of New York. Jerome Frank, now Federal Court of Appeals Judge in New York, advanced the idea of a less hidebound bar organization as early as 1033. Some Communist Influences apparently showed themselves in 1939 and Justice Pecora and sev-eral others resigned. Later Pecora reconsidered and said he would stay on when John Gutknecht of Chicago, now State's Attorney of Cook County, speaking as president, released a formal statement declaring the organization an "enemy to Fascism, Nazism and Communism." Lawyers Guild presidents have included Robert W. Kenny, Attorney General of California; Justice James II.

Wolfe of the Utah Supreme Court; FCC Commissioner Clifford J. Durr of Washington, and Prof. Thomas I. Emerson of Yale. Speakers at guild conventions have been such notables as Harlan F.

Stone, Harry S. Truman, Paul V. McNutt, Robert H. Jackson, and Lloyd K. Garrison.

Greetings from Gov. Thomas E. Dewey and prominent Supreme Court members have been read more than once. Under the circumstances it seems apparent that if the Lawyers Guild has been subversive all through the years, a lot of pretty intelligent people have attended its meetings and somehow not caught on. What specific evidence does Mr.

Brownell have? He has made his charge. The presumption, as the head of the Department of Justice must know, is that in the United States an organization, like an individual, is innocent until proven guilty. On Kindness to Moore To tha Editor of tht Post-Dispatch: Robert B. Rodgers may be right in feeling that you are persecuting "Hot Rod" Moore, a high-strung, sensitive boy who only needs love and understanding to become a model citizen. But somehow I get a different picture of Moore.

He needed those pats on the back, all right, but they should have been made with a slipper or a good old-fashioned razor strop and they were needed a long time ago. Now it's too late for such simple remedies and only the law can administer the necessary punishment. Mr. Rodgers wants Moore to be able to walk the St. Louis streets as a boy with a future.

I'm all for that. Let's keep him walking. He can't be trusted with anything more powerful than roller skates. C. W.

STEWART. O'lTj rue uj4lfroj Post From The Washington Post. To ths Editor of Uis Post-Dispatch: I am not worried about the Post-Dispatch persecuting "Hot Rod" Moore. I would say his misfortune comes from too much arrogance, egotism and over-indulgence. I say keep him.

a front-page attraction until some way is found to deprive him of a steering wheel in his hand. MRS. A. H. S.

To tht Editor of tha Poat-Dlsaatcii: Are 18 smug violations of our public safety supposed to make us feel love and kindness toward a potential killer? Isn't Moore's continued possession and use of a lethal hot-rod evidence that this poor, wee jerk gets enough coddling from his own irresponsible kin? As a licensed dally user of the streets of this county, I have the right to demand that Moore be dealt Instantly and to the ultimate extent of the law. Otherwise all of us will continue In jeopardy of our property and lives. RICHARD HAYES SMITH. Between Book Ends Reply to Marriner Eccles St. Louis banker defends Administration's monetary policies as promoting free market in credit; says peaks and valleys of business activity are likely to continue, and effort to smooth them out by changing money supply could lead to central control.

Tli Mirror of Public Opinion A Letter to the Editor, of the Pont-I)iuuh Policy for World Persuasion'. TRUTH IS OUK WEAPON, by Idw.rd W. Isrrstr. (Funk Waanslli, H) Irving Dilliard In the JVeui Yorle Herald Tribune. Here Is an important book on a vital subject by an exceptionally qualified authority.

The subject is the struggle of ideas now. going on between the two major sides of the world. The authority Barrett brings to the subject arises from experience in both World War II and in the consequent' -long-drawn-out, uneasy half-peace an experience probably not surpassed by anyone. He took to psychological war- "7 fare un extensive ths Editor of tht Pott-Dlnpstch: Our children will never be safe from speed demons so long as, we tolerate silly laws applying only in cases of five convictions in one year, and officers who conveniently forget report. They will not be safe 'until the public becomes sufficiently to demand laws with teeth in them and courts that will enforce those la as in every single case, no matter who gets hurt.

H. S. Paradise in Hell's Canyon Hell's Canyon is a great national debate on the power issue to most people, perhaps, but not to Capt. Oliver McNabb. The captain Is a sharp-looking young fellow who wears his rap at a rakish according to a' picture ing him at the' helm of hi boat, the Wenaha.

To Hell's Canyon Is a 100-mile trip up the Snake river from Lewiston, Idaho. It tells all about it in a pamphlet of which we are In receipt. Capt. McNabb says just to come in whatever clothes are worn hereabouts, plus a warm coat or jacket for comfort in the chilly night air. A typical dinner menu, as the Wenaha ascends 540 feet to the deepest gorge in North America, will, he says, have as its piece de resistance Slow Elk Steak.

We have eaten various steaks at various places, but right at the moment the recipe that takes our fancy most consists of piping elk steak, garnished with crisp Idaho mountain air, and served on a riverboat. On your Aug. 12 editorial page you published a statement by Marriner S. Eccles entitled "A Critique of 'Hard On account of his long service on the Federal Reserve Board, any statement by him on money and banking will receive great attention and consideration, as it should. The first two paragraphs of this article show clearly Mr.

Eccles's views that the supply of credit should be determined by some central author training in news reporting and editing. He writes vir- tually the whole of .1 his book out of tig- nif icant nal experience. Thus when he discusses the Roosevelt-a. Churchill insistence on "unconditional surrender" by the Germans, we know that we are getting an evaluation by a ity with the power of Government to enforce its mandates: and that the exercise of this authority would provide an amount of i red it which would stabilize our economy. Another well known tenet of Mr.

Eccles is that this authority should be used, as he has expressed many times, to fill up the valleys and lap off the To tht Editor of tht Poit-Dlapatrh: When a person Is able to differentiate between right and wrong and, in spite of this, transgresses the laws of society, that person holds within himself the responsibility for this I believe that environmental conditions should not be used as heavily 'as they are being used today in an attempt to find the "reason" for the actions of a person who deliberately violates the law. In the Instance of Robert Moore, I believe it to be grossly unfair to family for anyone to place even part of the blame upon the shoulders of his parents, when the young man has not exercised self-control pertaining to any enjoyment which may have been gained from driving an "automobile at high rates of speed. PAT O'HALLORAN. Edward W. Barrett specialist who him: self helped pressure Jt fart Marrinar S.

Ecclal The Right Hand and the Left Lawyers can always be retained to defend both sides of ao argument; which is as it should be. But there seems to be a hazard in this professional ambivalence; it makes it hard for them to make up their collective mind one way or another. Thus when the Bricker amendment to limit the Presldent'i authority in making agreements with foreign governments was brought up before the General Assembly of Bar Association that body side-stepped a direct vote on the issue, But on the same day the A.B.A. awarded its gold medal to Frank E. Holman of Seattle "for conspicuous and unselfish service to the cause of American jurisprudence" which conspicuous and unselfish service consisted of ardent support of the Bricker amendment.

"Let not thy left hand know what thy right hand doeth. An Unreal Debate We are glad to publish under the cartoon today a St. Louis banker's comments on the views of Marriner S. Eccles, former chairman of. the Federal Reserve Board.

Mr. Eccles, in a statement recently published In the same space, made a vigorous case for his opinion that the Elsenhower Administration went too far in the curtailment of. credit during the first five months of its tenure, v. (As to, that, It eejnsjo us that, some supporting evidence has been offered by the Eisenhower Administration itself, in the form of its more recent anions in the field of monetary policy. Federal Reserve Board has reduced reserve requirements and has renewed in some degree Ha support of the Government bond market.

Both steps were taken to increase the money supply. Presumably they would not have been necessary unless the money supply had previously been contracted too sharply. Is it not a little unreal, then, to carry on the debate over a "managed" versus a "free" monej market? The Government is today such a large factor in the economy that it can hardly escape "managing" the money market in some fashion. Whatever it does even if it does nothing will have an effect on the supply of money and credit. Its main concern should be to do the right thing at the right time.

Mr. Hemingway does Mr. Eccles less than Justice when he suggests that the latter is unwilling to use the Government's monetary powers to level off the inflationary peaks as well as to fill up the deflationary valleys. As a matter of fact, Mr. Eccles did raise a strong and consistent voice for anti-Inflationary monetary policies at the time he considered inflation the real menace to stability.

He differs from others in that he now considers the danger of inflation barely passed. On that question Mr. Eccles may be right or wrong. He and other experts are bound to differ both in their appraisal of a situation and in how they would deal with it But on the basic question of whether Government monetary policy should be used as wisely as possible to maintain economic stability, surely the answer in the modern world must be "Yes." a Campus vs. Pentagon The Independence essential to genuine education was fortified when 14 universities refused to sign Defense Department contracts under which they were to prepare correspondence courses for members of the armed services.

The reason for their refusal was that for the first time the contracts bound them "not to retain for the performance of services under this contract such persons as are disapproved by the Government." The contracts would oblige the schools to supply personal and professional Information about faculty members, and they would, according to a Pentagon spokesman, authorize the "normal procedures" used to determine the loyalty of Government employes; mere affidavits, he said, would not be acceptable. The Defense Department or any other Government agency, of course, has the right to state specifications and terms for any goods or services it may buy, including mail-order lessons. In this case it would seem that study of the material prepared by the schools would tell more about its suitability for Pentagon purposes than any investigation of those preparing it. But the man who is putting out the money can say what he wants. On the other hand, the universities and they Include such well-known institutions as Michigan, Illinois, Minnesota and California also have the right to say whether or not they want to take on a given job.

And It is to their credit that they wanted no part of a deal which made outsiders rather than their own administrators the final judges of a teacher's competence. The schools were loyal to their prime purpose when they refused to bring to the campus the kind of loyalty tests which have to disturbed, say, the State Department and which tend to leave only mediocrities In Government service. The campus is no place for mediocrities. To tht Editor of tht Post-Dispatch It sounds as though Robert B. Rodgers has been reading psychology books.

What he says about Moore's needs is acceptable. However, the Post-Dispatch is not a guidance agency in this sense. Guidance for Moore, yes, but stop him from endangering others. The welfare of many people is more important than that of one. Our children's lives are preoious.

WILLIAM C. FISCHER, JR. might have the right to use of credit and to whom it would be denied. The management of one sector of the economy would require the management of another; and so, it would continue until the entire economy would have to be managed to support the theory expressed by Mr. Eccles.

From observations of the way governments of other countries have managed the affairs of their citizens during the last few years, I believe the majority of our people would prefer not to undertake such a managed economy. I do not agree with his criticism of the present Administration's action in offering 314 per cent 30-year bonds. For a long time the trend was for the Government debt to grow into short time and demand obligations. This, I believe, is generally considered an undesirable situation. One criticism that may be lodged against the previous Administration is that they did not refund the Government debt into long-term obligations.

3' Per Cent to 'Attract Public' A careful survey of the probable public purchases of long-term Government bonds led to the conclusion that a 314 per cent rate would be necessary to make the Issue a success. Furthermore, it Is the belief of many students of Government financing that it is desirable to have as many Government bonds in the hands of the public as possible, for when a major share of a bond issue is taken into the banking system it means an increase In the supply of credit and further inflation. In the past, too few people have been interested in buying the long-term Government bonds at 2VS per cent. It seemed more likely that the 3'4 per cent rate would attract many individual investors as well as institutional buyers. So far there has been no method devised by which the market for Government bonds can be segregated from the general money market; so, when the Fsderal Reserve banks stopped pegging the Government bonds the prices of all the bonds dropped to a level that would attract buyers.

Millions Working anil Trailing In order to sell large amounts of long-term Government bonus, the Treasury naturally had to find a rate in keeping with the market. Now, what Mr. Eccles proposes is that the Treasury should arbitrarily decide what it thinks 'is a fair rate for the United Slates Government to pay on its bonds, and then have the Federal Reserve system manipulate the market so as to provide purchases at the agreed-upon rate for the Government bonds. If one favors a strong, central Government that will manage the affairs of its citizens as a wise, capable father would take card of his children, then he would favor Mr. Eccles's theories, but if he believes that the decisions of millions of people in this country, working and trading in the way that they have been accustomed to, is the best principle, then he would say that the United States Treasury must conform its borrowings to the general market conditions.

1 History Indicates that it is much better to permit, as much as possible, the operation of a free market. I believe the cost to the taxpayer will be less in the end, and in the meantime, our free enterprise system will be maintained. W. L. HEMINGWAY.

Chairman, Executive Committee, Mercantile Trust Co, President Roosevelt in 1944 into partly defining the term. That evaluation, incidentally, Is that" while the "unconditional- surrender" demand made the psychological war- fare job "tougher," it undermined rumors that one of the Allies might'-' break away to make a separate and so, on balance, "was probably for the America's information-program budg- ets have gone up and down "like yo-yo," writes this former Assistant Secretary of State, and all who have' followed the rises and falls of the Voice of America and related efforts will be" quick to accept this description. The business of trying to educate. Congress against ruinous cuts occupied so much of Barrett's time while he was one of Dean Achcson's ranking assist-' ants that he sets down as one of his chief regrets the fact he was "forced to spend more effort on this struggle than on the contest with the Soviet Government." After reviewing Senator McCarthy'! "Investigation" of the Voice of Amer- ica, Barrett concludes Congress needs to adopt a code of ethics and fairness in investigations. Without s.uch a code, "certain types" of Senators or Repre- sentatives.

by concentrating on testl-" mony from "malcontents," can "any agency of private business seem disgraceful." His basic proposal toward a solution is to have Congress center its propaganda responsibilities in "one permanent, mature and well-staffed joint committee." Thus he hopes to close the field to "headline-hunting ln quisitors" such as Cohn and Schine, whose 18-day "inspection" through six -European countries only last April is duly described. Barrett is not one to lament so-called junkets overseas for members of gress. On the contrary, he thinks travel for them abroad pays large They see the Communists' systematic campaign of misrepresentation at work and begin to realize the need for a continuing program of information and persuasion by and about the United States. Mundt of South Dakota and Dlrksen of Illinois are cited as two whose sights were raised as a result of first-hand knowledge. To tht "Editor of tht Post-Dlspitrh: I beg to differ with Mr.

Rodgers's opinion that all Moore needs is someone "to stand up" for him. I think Mr. Rodgers ought to 'tt down" with him, in Moore's auto, and be taken for a spin or joy-ride. I believe Mr. Rodgers's lovev-dovey Ideas on how to handle Rapid Robert would soon change.

PAUL SCHWEITZER. peaks. He has meant by this that through the credit machinery the supply of credit would be increased in times of depression and contracted in times of inflation. Interest Fluctuates Like Wheat Mr. Eccles had a very Important part In filling up the valley during the depression, but seems to have failed to recognize that the continued filling of the valley has now made it a peak, He is.

now unwilling to follow his previous philosophy, and lop off the peak; or possibly he believes that the present level is a new plateau over which we can travel comfortably without cither peaks or valleys. Such a result is, of course, greatly to be desired. But unfortunately, history shows that there have always been peaks and valleys in the past, and they are likely to continue. It is quite apparent that Mr. Eccles believes in maintaining a rate of interest at a level that he regards as just and equitable very much as a farmer might be in favor of maintaining the price of wheat at what he would regard as fair.

But, If we are to have a free market, the price of wheat is naturally influenced by the amount of wheat produced and the amount that Is consumed. The price of wheat must flurA tuate, and so it would seem that the interest rate on credit will also fluctuate, depending upon the amount of loanable funds available and the demand that may arise for them. On a Managed Money Market Mr. Eccles, however, apparently does not believe in a free market. Let's reread his last sentence; "What is required is a managed money market as well as a fiscal and debt management program designed to maintain stability and sound money." With this kind of management a rate of interest that would be satisfactory to the management would be maintained.

Furthermore, it would mean that whenever a decline in business activity should occur, the managers would Increase the money supply in order to stimulate business. While this sounds logical, in actual practice it has proven to be unsound. For it has acted like a drug good for a while, but toon requiring another dose. Such a program is inflationary, but today that is not advisable. And it has been found to be very difficult to adopt a program that provides for counterbalancing disinflation.

To control the Inflationary tendency the next step would be to control the extension of credlt-hat is, to say who Standing Firm on Bundy Both the State Department and the Central Intelligence Agency have told Senator McCarthy, in re William P. Bundy. to go climb a tree. That is a constructive attitude for which both agencies deserve to be commended. Mr.

Bundy, an employe of CIA and a son-in-law of Dean Acheson, is accused of having contributed to the Alger Hiss defense fund and of having once belonged to a Communist-dominated organization. This is enough to make him a target for McCarthy. But in spite of all the Wisconsin Senator's huffing and puffing, CIA Director Allen W. Dulles refused to let Mr. Bundy be grilled by committee, and the State Department refused to withhold the passport for Mr.

Bundy to take a vacation abroad. In his exchange of correspondence with McCarthy, Mr. Dulles made It clear that Mr. Bundy has been checked, double-checked, and triple-checked as to loyalty, and that the facts do not bear out McCarthy's slanderous Imputations. For example, the Communist-dominated organization which Mr.

Bundy was supposed to have joined turned out to be the United Public Workers of America. While an employe of the Library of Congress in 1940, he joined this union, attended one meeting, and resigned after two months. It was six years later that the organization was designated as Communist-dominated. If it is important that Mr. Dulles can successfully defend Mr.

Bundy, It is more so that he should defend the principle of executive responsibility for subordinate personnel. If McCarthy wants to badger the CIA, the man to be badgered is Mr. Dulles, the responsible head of that agency. And if McCarthy does not like the way Mr. Dulles runs the CIA, his quarrel ii Very Sarcastic Suggestion To tht Editor of tht Pott-Dispatch: I would like to offer a new suggestion to those eminent United States diplomats, Messrs.

Lodge, -Dulles, Wiley and Knowland. Instead of wasting their time opposing the admission to the United Nations of the government of China, why don't they work towards ousting the Russians and seating representatives of the descendants of the Czar? They might add some Bourbons, Hapsburgs and few Italian princes (Borgia descendants, if possible) and seat only British, Dutch and Frenchmen to represent the entire continents of Asia and Africa. Quite a bit of money would be saved in eliminating the Russian and Chinese translations from the U.N. aarphone sets, and the entire world would be ably governed by representatives of Sixteenth and Seventeenth century world powers. Of course, Messrs.

Lodge, Dulles, 'Wiley and Knowland would have to vacate their posts and call in the descendants of Sitting Bull to meet the European crowned heads. At least the latter would be able to Instruct that august assemblage in the form and spirit of a peace pow-wow. CYNTHIA BROWN. The Butler and His Beloved IOVINS, by Hinry Srssn. (Anchor tooli, Here is the popular tale of the love affair of a butler in his forties with an upstairs maid in an Irish castle during their mistress's absence.

The book is now between paper covers. It offers a combination of comic and ro--mantic elements and -a curious literary-' style that have already won for its author a small but ardent following in this country. BRIEF DEFINITION. From Tba ClnclnnaU Enquirer. A grade crossing seems to be called that because it's the place where too many drivers failed to make the grade..