Democrat and Chronicle from Rochester, New York • Page 6

ROCHESTER DEMOCRAT AND CHRONICLE. KVEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 29. 1897. enable us to more than double our naval strength in the Pacific." He adds: It will build up our Pacific coast states as they must be built up, If we are to properly face the Orient. It will add immeasurably to our naval power, and it will Increase our Influence, not only far out into the Pacific ocean, over the islands and waters of the brave soldiers, and have many of the at tributes of a great people." But there i are two blots on their present social end business life: (1.) "The social evil in Japan is horrible ibeyond description, and woman's moral degradation carries with, it the moral degradation of the men.

Even wives are but kittle better off than the women whose virtue has been sacrificed. (2.) "Japanese merchants have lit- tie regard for cominercial integrity. Un secured personal credits are almost unknown." In this respect the Japanese and the Chinese differ. In China corruption prevails among public officials, but the merchants are strictly honorable. In Japan the higher classes are distmguisueu for their integrity, while the merchants cannot be trusted.

But under the influence of Christian missionaries these evils are rapidly being abated. Scores of young Japanese men have graduated from American colleges; many of them are Christians and they sire now among the loaders of the nation. Japanese laws are being fashioned on Christian models. Even Sunday laws are coming into vogue and are enforced. The news-papers of Japan are free and fearless.

The upper classes have generally abandoned idolatry and becoine agnostic, but it is the belief of those who have studied the situation there that they will not long remain without a. positive faith. The Bible is received with increasing respect. On his way home Colonel Bacon stopped at Honolulu, and this is what he says: "Hawaii is paradise. Honolulu i-an American city and comes to the United States as naturally as the ripe apple falls to the ground." A DILAPIDATED CANAL.

The Erie canal is about seventy-three years old. That is a long period of time for a great water highway, over four hundred miles in length, open to traffic, subjected to the disintegrating influence of water and weather, and constructed with earth embankments, to be maintained for use without practical reconstruction. During the entire period of its history, of course, the Erie canal has beeu watched and repaired when breaks or defects have occurred, but there will come a time in any such work when a thorough overhauling will become necessary if it is to be maintained and used. The total expenditures upon the canals of this state up to the present outlay was $117,000,000. The total revenues up to the time when tolls were abolished was showing a net profit of Should the additional now shown to be necessary for the complete improvement of the Erie canal, be ar propriated, the account of these artificial waterways with the state will be squared, so far as expenditures and revenues are concerned.

In other words the state will have had the benefit of the canal for nearly seventy-five years without its costing the state a dollar. Its immeasurable value to commerce and to the Empire state has been clear gain. If a man should purchase a large, fine building which bad not Iwen overhauled for many years he would find that there was more or lesoi dilapidation iu its concealed parts. The sills perhaps would be decayed; the plaster weakened in places, and more or less reconstruction would be required before entire soundness could be restored. That is the case with the Erie canal as it stands to-day.

How far gone it was. not even the expert engin-ers knew until the contractors began to do their wcrk. The old wall in many places has broken down as the work of excavating has gone forward. The foundations of bridge abutments are found to be weak. The material taken from the bottom of the cral which the contractors supposed they could use in raising the embankments was found unsuitable for the purpose, and many other discouraging obstacles were encountered and discoveries made, all increasing the expense of the improvement far beyond the original estimate.

These considerations, only briefly and imperfectly indicated here, but more fully presented in the state engineer's report, fully account for the discovery that an additional appropriation will be necessary if the can.il is to be restored to its former condition of usefulness. There will be a thorough official investigation of the entire business, but of this the public may be assured, that up to the present time there is not the slightest ground for any reflection upon the integrity or efficiency of the state officers intrusted with the duty of applying the appropriation voted by a large majority of the people for this work. TO SAVE EIGHT THOUSAND MILES. Captain A. S.

Crowninshield, of the United States navy, has contributed to the North American Itevh-w an article on "The Dream of Navigators," in which he discusses the importance to this country of "a highway of rapid transit between the two great oceans which all but encircle our continent." It is the opinion of the writer that the government of the United States (should encourage, even to the point of financial assistance, the construction of an isthmian waterway from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Such a canal is declared to be necessary, first, from the commercial point of view. It would shorten by 8,000 miles the water route between our eastern and western coast cities, thus stimulating commerce, promoting trade cud developing business throughout the entire breadth of the country. Interior points would feel the greater prosperity of both coast regions, the demands on their productive capacity would be increased, and more business would be made for the railroads. More rapid communication would also be opened between our Atlantic ports and Oriental countries, and the saving of 8,000 miles in travel would prove a great stimulus to trading and shipping enterprises.

Captain Crowninshield also writes of possible complications with Japan over the Hawaiian islands, and of our general necessities in the way of maintaining power and influence in the Pacific. He says: "To re-enforce our Pacific fleet we should be obliged to send ships from our Atlantic squadron, forcing thetn to make a voyage of 12,000 miles, thus consuming many weeks, whereas, with the canal in existence, our powerful North Atlantic squadron could be put into the Pacific within a week. Thus would the canal thought when he said of Russia: "She is strong because she is unified by a single principle, organizing and functioning with ease and rapidity; she is influential because her vast forces are wielded by a single will." This country will not and cannot have an ab3ilute master. The people must be consulted, but to form and direct public opinion along lines which shall assure continued security and prosperity the enlightened leaders of our political life should be resolute and persistent. fOS SMALLER CONVENTIONS.

The destruction of the Coliseum in Chicago puts it into the mind of the Brooklyn Eagle to ask for smaller national conventions. The Eagle says: "Why have the building so large Why have tlie conventions so large The bigness of the throngs is hostile to deliberation. The delegates number twice the representation of each state and territory in congress. The alternates are as many more. The crowds accompanying them are treble the number.

They put a groat burden on the exchequer of each party. They make the surroundings those, of clamor. They tend to sensation, unwisdom and tumult and net to judgment or honesty." Big conventions, thinks the Eagle, are mobs, and are the terror of newspaper men because "mobs can be reported in patches, but not in They are characterized by "bulk and roar," rather than by "sanity and dignity;" and they have various other features that do not contribute to the orderly and wise transaction of the business for which they are assembled. The Eagle deplores "the present vulgar r.nd wasting strife between parties to see which can have the biggest, brash-eft, loudest and most senseless body," and would like to have the party committees unite in limiting the number of delegates to the representation of the several states in congress, with an equal number of alternates. It would also be pleased to have national conventions held iu halls ''large enough for deliberation and for a reasonable public attendance, but small enough to keep out howling mobs." Our contemporary calls upon political leaders to take this matter into consideration, and makes the following appeal to the press: We would the Sun and Tribune, the Journal and Herald of New York, the American of Baltimore, the Call and Kxaniiner of Kan Francisco, the papers of Chicago and St.

Louis, of St. Paul and Minneapolis, Buffalo, Troy and Omaha, the and Journal of Indianapolis, the Atlanta Constitution, the Picayune of New Orleans, the Post of Washington City, the Press of Philadelphia, the Journal and Argus of Albany, the Union and Advertiser and the Democrat and Chronicle of Bochcter find other esteemed contemporaries throughout the country, whose political weight Is official and considerable, should favor the proposition. If they can. So far as the Democrat and Chronicle is concerned, it agrees ith the Eagle in the opinion that national conventions are unnecessarily large and are often dominated by tumult rather than by deliberation. But on the other hand, there is the insatiable appetite of the American people for liberal representation.

Everybody wants to have something to do with ixdities; to be appointed a delegate to a national convention is an honor, and frequently there are not honors enough to go around among the aspirants. Also, it must be considered that a convention city wants to draw as big a crowd as possible, in order that ita enterprise may not go unrecognized and unrewarded. But, of course, civic pride and the commercial spirit do not touch the real merits of the questim. Small conventions can handle themselves more easily and decorously than larger ones, and can produce- quite as good results. On the whole, the smaller convention idea to a good one, from many standpoints; although the political managers may le exp.x-ted to proceed with caution in any direction looking to an abridgement of the glorious right of the American r-ople to get together and make the welkin ring.

JAPAN AS SHE IS TO-DAY. One of the most instructive and enter-taiuing statements regarding the political and social life of JajKiu that has appeared in a long time was made by Colonel Alexander S. Bacon to the Brooklyn Eagle. Colonel Bacon has for some time been in Japan on 'business, and while there used his eyes and ears to such advantage that lie has returned with comprehensive knowledge of the great people so recently emerged from the feudalism of ages. The eyes of the civilized world are on Japan to-day.

'No nation, no government can, afford to ignore her. She has taken her place among the civilized powers of the globe, and, while still immature in some phases of her life, she lias attained to such, power and influence that she mu-it be reckoned with by monarchs and statesmen in making up their deals. Colonel Bacon shows that in thirty years Japan has advanced from a condition of military feudalism to a high degree of self-government. "Her people," he says, "are brave, mili-ti ry and intensely patriotic." Every Jap is a jingo. He believes with nil his heart in the future glory of his country and is ready to make any sacrifice to bring it to pass.

At present. Colonel Bacon says, a great political revolution is going forward there, though it is not attended with violence. We quote: Under the present constitution, the Japanese congress is a German llet rather than an English parliament. It really has power to do little else but talk. The cabinet is not responsible to the diet and claims to derive its authority from the emperor, that Is, from Itself.

Should the diet pass a vote of no confidence," instead of the cabinet resigning, the diet would be prorogued and a new election ordered. In other words, Japan Is today ruled by an irresponsible, despotic cabinet, and the st niggle now on. Is to obtain a responsible cnbluet that shall depend upon the will of the diet. It is a stniKgle of the people against despotism. The moment Japan has party government It will have a government of the people and will become practically republic as much as England Is te-day.

No sovereign of England has vetoed nt act of parliament In 1UCS years, while the United States has had one president who vetoed 10S bills in one year. The present crisis In Japan does not seek to subvert the empire, but does seek to throw the real functions of government Into the hands of the diet which is responsible to the people. Of the Jaixinese people Colonel Bacon says that they are "brave, industrious, active, temperate, economical, polite, courteous, cleanly and fond of the beautiful; they are skillful artisans, orderly citizens, sufficient reasons, as the locality for the drill of its North Atlantic squadron is, in short words, none of Spain's business. If the Spanish government shall diplomatically express any uneasiness at this concentration of naval force within striking distance of Havana, this government is in a position to sincerely and truthfully assure the Spanish government that there is no ground whatever for such uneasiness, and Spain is bound to accept that assurance, which is all the concession that, by the most punctilious interpretation of the code of international courtesy, she can be regarded as entitled to. Nor do we see how "the Spanish situation" can well be "aggravated" by anything short of such active interference in Cuba as will compel Spain to choose between fighting a hopeless battle, for the sake of salving her pride, or backing down.

All the courtesy and consideration this government can show Spain will be worse than wasted so long as it continues to proclaim its right to actively interfere, In Spain's "domestic affairs" in Cuba, when what it judges to be the proper time for such interference has arrived. That position this government cannot and will not abandon, and Spain's wrath against this country caused by the maintenance of that position cannot be diminished by any minor concession to Spanish susceptibilities or increased by any disregard of Span ish susceptibilities in such an unessential point as the choice of a maneuvering ground for the North Atlantic squadron. Moreover, it is hardly consistent with the dignity of this government to allow a nation that so fiercely and contemptuously denies to the United States the right to meddle with its "domestic affairs" to interfere in any way with so entirely domestic an affair of the United States as the disposition of jts own navy along its own coasts. We trust the government will see the wisdom and propriety of disregarding whatever pressure may be brought to bear upon it to induce it to alter its already announced programme for the maneuvers of the North Atlantic squadron. TO COMPUTE THE CHAINLESS GEAR.

The introduction of chainless bicycles will leave those who have mastered the method of calculating the gear of a wheel with a chain all at sea again. But some mathematician has solved the problem, and the method of calculating the gear for a chainless wheel is published in the New York Evening Fost. Comparatively few persons are yet in possession of chainless wheels, but when the next season opens many such wheels will be ridden and their owners will desire to know how to determine their gear. We give the Evening Test's formula therefore, without attempting to determine its accuracy. It is as follows: Multiply the diameter of the rear wheel by the number of teeth 011 the spur-wheel on the crank shaft; divide by the number of teeth on the spur-wheel on the forward end of the connecting shaft; multiply by the number of teeth on the spur-wheel on the rear of the connecting shaft, and divide by the number of teeth on the spur-wheel on the rear hub.

The result will be the gear. The indications at present are that there ill be a number of novel chainless wheels on the market during the coming year, and it is not improbable that some forms which as yet have received no public attention will drive the others out of existence. It will be a case of the "survival of the fittest." EUSSIA'S GREAT CANAL. Russia is a big empire and naturally it has to devise and carry out big enterprises. Its trans-Siberian railway is one of these.

Another will be its great canal connecting the Black sea with the Baltic. This splendid waterway will be 1,000 miles long and will have an average depth of twenty-eight feet. The cost will be about 507,000,000. The Baltic entrance of the canal will be at Riga and the Black sea terminus at Kherson. Portions of the Dneiper and Riga rivers will be utilized for the purpose.

The canal is to be finished so that Russian battleships can pass from one sea to the other in 1002. This work is to be undertaken and carried through by Russia for military and strategical reasons. Russia now has a fine Black sea fleet, but with Constantinople in the hands of the Turks and Gibraltar as well as the Mediterranean in the hands of the British, that fleet is practically landlocked. It can be effective only in the event of some combined movement either between the Russians and the Turks or between Russia and some other power against the Turks. An outlet to the Baltic, however, would give Russia an opening to the world's great oceans for her Black sea fleet and at the same time enable her to concentrate her entire navy, if she so desired, at the gates of Constantinople.

The long-headed man generally is the well-prepared man for emergencies. A nation whose government and people have an outlook on the future will sooner or later get the advantage of the nation that either lives in the past or trusts to luck for defense when the necessity for defense arises. England's vast power is due to her resolute seizure and maintenance of the secret rf her strength, an incomparable navy. Her empire would have been ravisuod and dismembered long ago if it had not been for that. Yet there were always some? gun Englishmen who opposed the constant enlargement of her navy and strengthening of her defenses.

Russia in her own way is pursuing the same policy. She is carrying out a vast system of internal development, the while reaching out for strategical points of advantage mainly in the direction of Asia. The United States government has been slow to perceive the necessity for a similar policy, not with a view to territorial aggrandizement, but for an assurance of security against contingencies which will surely arise in the future. Foresight is derided; strategy is despised; preparation is treated with lofty contempt. Solomon said that the man who would not work in harvest would be ill prepared for the snow of winter.

Another wise man, an American, and the "father of his country," declared that peace should be utilized in preparation for possible war. In this respect Russia is wiser than the United States; but for that purpose she has the advantage over this country of an autocratic government, which does not have to consider public opinion or take counsel of a multitude before engaging in such a work as the projected canal. Professor Davidson, in the September Forum, emphasized this build her burned Coliseum. This looks as If Chicago proposed to retire from the field as a national political convention city. However, the country will probably be able to get along without any more Chicago platforms.

Boston Herald, it wn a sad state of affairs that existed In Chicago on Christmas eve. Persons who wisnpd to exprPSs the compliments of the season were mistaken for footpads and nign-waymen, and vice versa. It is just possible that this vigilance committee business Is being carried too far. New York Evening Sun. The formal refusal of Lord Salisbury to enter Into an agreement for the suppression of pelagic sealing was anticipated when the conference In Washington failed.

It will be necessary to pinch the London, furriers a little in order to teach England that Canada is not really the only party to be considered. Buffalo Express. It remains as a peculiar feature of the postal savings bank movement that nobody has vet devised a satisfactory way for the government to utilize the contemplated deposits so as to earn the requisite interest. Until this obstacle can be overcome, posti-1 savings banks will necessarily be Impracticable. Scran ton Tribune.

CUKKEJfT TOPICS. The number of suicides In Europe averages C0.00O a year. A man la Kansas has been accused of being so Inhospitable that he would not even entertain an Idea. Texas seems bound to maintain the early reputation of the state for shooting matches. In Terrell, a day or two ago, a judge shot a constable dead on the street.

There are eald to be more women in British India (124,000,000) than there are men, women and children. In Great Britain, France and Germany put together. Somehow there seems to be some why it is the custom in the East for men to have numerous wives. Sir Benjamin Baker, engineer of the Forth bridge, is to be consulting engineer on the Georgian bay canal, which an English firm has agreed to construct across the Nipissing district, in Ontario, to the Ottawa river, and which is to be completed In three years. The gold craze haa reached China.

A for-elgu mining expert, in the employ of Li Hung Chang, has made a report to the effect that the precious metal, to a bonanza degree, can be found in the Jeho region and la Mauchurm as far as the Chinese territory on the Amur river. Steam Is used to sterilize clothing In a new device, which has a chamber for the material to be treated, with steam inlet pipes and a removable cover, the goods being afterward dried by turning the steam into the double compartment surrounding the sterilizing chamber. A peach tree near St. Louis, of the "Early Crawford" variety, bore a fine early crop of peaches. Without making any blossoms It vent to work and produced another crop of peaches, not quite as large, but of excellent tuality, and a perfect peach except that the seed is smooth and has no kernel.

Mrs. A. L. Hannah, wife of a farmer near Mahomet, was supposed to be dead. Two days later, while the preparations for the fmeral were being made, some cf the friends and attendants noticed that she was breath-lig.

In a few hours Mrs. Hannah called for ftod, and next morning the physicians said tley had no doubt of her final recovery. 1 refuge hut on the Zagpltze, the highest nuuulaiu iu Germany feet), near Gar-mfcch, in the center of the Bavarian has been opened. It stands on the Grit, between the east and west peaks, af-fonls accommodation for twenty-two guests, niU has been erected at a cost of 10.uJ0. required Tm)0 hands to make the bridal vei of the Princess Margaret Prussia.

It wn composed of ZaX different pieces, all the wojk being done with the needle. The several plefes, each of which required ten days for conpletion. were joined by the most skillful lrcc makers in a pattern which appeared to be ill the work of the some hands. May Invite Intervention. New York Tluies.

General Tando speaks of the alternative of "finiihing war with war" as if it were a new notion. Of course he knows, and everybody In Ciba knows, that It Is only because tpaln has frilled in the attempt to "finish war with war," and brought herself to the end of her resources, that she makes any overtures at all the Cubans, adequate or inadequate, genuine or feigned. In so far as the attitude of our government nnd people toward the Insurrection Is con-cernel. It wns quite correctly put by the president. It not our business to say what might, could, would, or should pacify Cuba.

We Insist only that Cuba shall be pacifled, and we give Spain a reasonable time In which to effect the pacification. It is for Cuba to say what will pacify it. Meanwhile, If by "finishing war with war" General Pando means reverting to the barbarities of Weyler, and undertaking to "make a solitude and call It peace," and If Spain resumes that policy, she will isvlte our Intervention on grounds of humanity as well as on grounds of iuterest. A Wiss Child. City of Mexico Telegram.

It is said of Mr. Bryan that wlwn traveling once in Texas he got on the rear, car platform, as was his custom, to address the people, but the place was small, and there were no people, nobody but a little girl selling peanuts. Mr. Bryan can 1 graceful to a little girl as he can toward President Diaz, and graciously stepping off Jhe ear he spoke to her. Ia the course of the ehort conversation he gave the child to.

understand that he was expecting to be the next president of the United States. She looked up and replied: "Oh, sir, are you Mr. McKlnley?" No Difference in Occupation. Syracuse Herald. McSwatters What's Hlggs doing now since he quit designing for the wall paper works? McSwItters He's got a Job lu a fancy shirt factory.

A Lesson in Finance. New York Evening Journal. Johnny Pa, what does It mean when a firm "goes into liquidation?" Ippor It means that their stocks have taken a drop too much. When you take Hood's Pills. The big, old fashioned, sugar-coated pills, which tear you all to pieces, are not in It with Hood's.

Easy to taka and easy to operate, is true of Hood's Pills, which are up to date In every respect. Safe, certain and ure. All druggists. Mo. C.

I. Hood Lowell, Mass. The only Pills to tako with Hood's Sarsaparilia. Mo Bl Pills Cold Cure cores colds in the head, colds on th lnnci, old colds, new colds and obstiDate coida, aim all forms cf crip, btops fcueeziiis, discharges froT the nose and eyes, prevents caiarrh. diphtheria, pneumonia, and all throat and lung troubles TheS pleasant little pellets ure absolutely harmles, imT Fnved thousands of lives and prevented much sick, ness.

The Munyon Kemedy Company prepare a separate cure for each disease. At all arugitists 25 oems a viaL If you reed medical advicVwrita Prof. Munyon, VXSo Area, (Street, Philadelphia, It absolutely free. The Argentine Wheat Crop. Philadelphia Press.

The Argentine wheat crop is the key tofc present wheat situation not to-the immediate current quotation In New York or Chi. eago, but to the average level to which wheat will fall In the next six months. The amount left of the American crop far as this Is known is less, but not very much less, than the Kuropean demand. With, out heavy exports from Argentina, very high wheat in the near future would be likely. Th special cable which tho Press prints thl morning puts the probable exports at bushel.

This is only an estimate, but It is an estimate by a well-informed, careful conservative observer at Kuenos Ay res. It i much more definite than any report yet published In this country, and the flr.t direct dls-patch appearing In any American newspaper. This most Important crop news, as important as any that could be laid before its readers, does not Indicate cheap wheat, oecause even ith Argentina and Indian exports, supply will not more than equal demand'; but it do show that 110 great advance can be made on wheat. The 'United States has no longer a monopoly of the world's exportable surplus, a3 it practically had for sis months. Reflections of a New York Tress.

Touring a little liquid over them will never drown any sorrows. An old bachelor may not enjoy Christinas quite so much, but he gets out of it a lot cheaper. There Is a woman at the bottom of all a muuV. success tnv at the bottom of all a man's trouble. The woist tning about bloomers is that after seeing them a man can never forget that a woman Las two legs.

It is always a puzzle to a woman how a man can do so much with, his hands while he has a cicmr between his fingers. The women are probably going to wear their hair in a net on the nape of the neck, so they will have more show to tell the men they are always mu.sslng up their hair. When a woman is just sick enough to have to see people in a woolly wrapper with a nightgown uuderne-ath, with lnce and baby ribbon on the neck, she is said to be "an interesting invalid." Austria a Great Power No More. Review of Reviews. Should Austria-Hungary be drawn into any war during the next few years it will cease even If victorious, although that is scarcely possible to be a "great power." Not only will the mobilization, organization, armament and commissariat prove inefficient, and the navy of little value; the first battle must obviously ebow defects.

Enemy and ally alike will find that the "I do not understand" makes the army worthless, and neither Germany, Russia. England nor France, not even Italy or would care for such an unreliable ally. The fate of the empire, thrown down from its clay-legged pedestal of a fiist-class power into the impoteney of a fedenifet conglomeration of antagonistic nations does not require portrayal. Austria-Hungary most be ground up between the two mighty millstones Germany and Russia. Christmas Cheer.

Boston Herald. The holiday season has opened auspiciously. A clear and crisp Christmas has been followed by a beautiful snow storm and ths landscape wears an appropriate decoration. If The sound of sleigh bells can be added to the week's music. It will msie it all the merrier.

And now let us drive away dull care and enjoy ourselves. It is the time for gayety and rejoicing. Let the urnibols of the season find their counterparts In our hearts. The beautiful legends of Christinas are still ours to cultivate aud perpetuate. We should all live U3 to them.

Where It Came From. Chicago Tribune. "William," said Bacon one day, "I am short. I-nd me an wisest, of mankind," replied Shakespeare, "I will lend thee just 1. Tho'j caust add a cipher and make a 10 out of it." "I wIH" muttered the other, vengefully, as he turned away, "and I will afterwards put that cipher in your works, old man!" Aids to Hilarity.

Chicago Record. new neighbors seem to be great! rowers." "Borrowers? One night when they gave a dinner they borrowed, our family album." The Back-Biter. Detroit Journal. "The back-biter," remarked the observe of men r.nd things, "is usually somebody who has been frustrated In the attempt to white meat off the breast." Time for a Change. Washington Star.

Mrs. Lease, after looking Over Jerry Simpson's career, sees no reason why the spring bonnet should not supplant the golf stocking as a national Institution. a1ensieTean Would use Kemp's Balsam Tcr the Throat and Lungs. It la curing more cases of Coughs, f'olds. Asthma.

Bronchitis, Croup and all Throat rnd Lung Troubles, than any other medicine. The proprietor has authorized any to give you a Sample Bottle FRKH to convince you or the merit of this great remedy. Price I'uc and 50e. THERE IS A CUSS OF PEOPLE Who are Injured by the use of coffee. eently there has been placed iu all the eery stores a new preparation called JB.4'-N" "made of pure grains, that takes the of coffee.

The most delicate stomach receives 1f without distress, and but teil It from coffee. It does not cost oW as much. Children may drink It with benefit. 15 cts. nnd 'T cts.

per package. It. Ask for GRAIN O. 3ea3J ELY'S CREAM BALM In a positive enr Apply inco the nostrils. It ia quickly absorbed.

rents at PriurKists or by mall samples 10c by toU. ELY BROTHERS, 60 Warren Su, New i'ork Cit vast ocean, but also over the Caribbean sea and adiacent waters. If, therefore, the United States government should construct the canal, or should aid, by the use of Its credit or guarantee, in its construction, this country would occupy a very much stronger position in the final settlement of control than it does at present. Although these arguments are not new, they are well presented, and they cannot be laid before the country with too much frequency and force. The canal would be an expensive enterprise, but the question of how much it would cost is less important than that of whether or not it would pay; and on this point the Chicago Tribune echoes enlightened and progressive sentiment when it says: "The whole cost of an isthmian canal, honestly and economically constructed, would be as nothing compared with its value to us when completed." The people and the government of the United States cannot too soon awake to the vital importance of the isthmian canal project.

China will have several New Year callers from Europe this year. This has been nn unlucky year for the C's. For intsance, Crete, Cuba, China and ihe calamity howler. Philadelphia l'ress. But think oT Christmas the luckiest for the past five years.

If Spain would get rid of the idea that she is entitled to American assistance in patrolling the coast of Cuba, much fruitless bickering by Spanish newspapers would be stopped. When Mr. Bryan returns to the United States his first undertaking should be to explain why that Texas bank was willing to give him something more than 1.000 Mexican dollars for 500 American dollars. The trial in Paris of the members of the Chamber of Deputies and others accused of participation in the Panama canal frauds is not yet concluded. Justice seems to be even slower iu France than in the United States.

The people of the United States never came so near agreeing with General Wey-ler as when he expressed a wish to lead an invading Spanish army into this country. Come along, general! If you want ti appreciate genuine Yankee hospitality novt is your time. Nothing could make the American people so unanimous and cordial as 3-onr appearance in that enterprise. You WDuld get a reception surpassing that ever given to any foreign visitor. A South Carolina legislator has conceived the bright idea of breaking up the foolish practice of carrying concealed weapons by enacting a law fcrbidding "hip pockets" in trousers.

It is easy to see what this gentleman's line of reasoning is. If a man lias no place about his person in which a weapon can be concealed, why, of course, he cannot carry concealed weapons. So. there we have a great reform accomplished simply by abolishing the hiding place, the lair so to speak of the evil. Another perpetual motion machine has been invented.

This one is by Albert S. Russell, of Jefferson, Iowa. Mr. Russell st-ys: "I have really solved the problem of prpetual motiou." A thousand predecessors have said the same thing. This latest demonstration of the impossible takes the form of a cylinder half submerged in water with perforated cups attached to it.

The description of the machine and its operation is a little blind, but we are. highly gratified with the assurance that "this machine enlarged will turn mills, without the aid of fuel, steam or engine." This is probably the last appearance of this particular perpetual motion machine. Next! ITO 1 1 1 A Jj OBS ItVA A Chicago paper corrects a Boston paper's English. Does Chicago aim to be the Boston of the West? Syracuse Standard. Spain has been winning some more victories in Cuba, the latest triumphs aggreif.it-iiiR about words of well-written assault and conquest.

Chicago Itccord. Bryan, it Is said, has not been convinced by his Mexican experience that free silver is wrong. It is necessary for a brick house to fall on some people. Cleveland Leader. The proposal to move the state camp from PoeksklU to th Thousand Islands Is of the best that could be made to throw into the waste-paper basket.

New York Tribune. The experts may be right when they nny that the new $1 and .2 silver certificates will be works of art; but the acquiring of them will continue to be by the art of work. Albany Argus. Other r.ngUsh papers may talk flippantly of the Emperor WUram, but the full seriousness of his remarks will not be felt till London Punch begins to jest about them. Philadelphia Times.

While butliy engaged in baying all the wheat in right. Young Leiter took occasion, to eririneer a corner In oats, aiso. lie must bo a stockholder In a horseless-carriage company. Buffalo Knqulrer. The rapidity with which Oklahoma lias been populated is indicated by the fact that a woman Is finding it nrotitable now to travel through the territory delivering lectures on phrenology.

Boston Globe. Young Mr. Kdlson thinks he has discovered that "the head expands whenever one thinks intently." Probably this accounts for the Intensity of one's thoughts the morning after the banquet. Oswego Times. A heavy anil Increasing foreign demand is reported for American locomotives, electrical equipments and general machinery.

It is no use to try to fence them out, for they are indispensable. St. Ion! Globo-Hemoerat. There is a strange thing about. Brynn.

lie Is able to travel in Mexico without making speeches at the railroad stations. Ho may have gone to Mexico to learn to keep his mouth shut. Brooklyn. Standard-Union. Pension Commissioner Evans wants the entire pension list, published.

We suspect that he Is in cahoot with some high art concern that later on will offer a chroma to every person that will read the list! Phila-dehia Press. Washington. P. Is also getting to be nn unsafe place. One of the great dailies of that city says: "A colored man was stabbed somewhere between the parlor soclnl mid the police station." A wound in mich a place is likely to be dangerous.

Chicago Inter-Ocean. It is announced that Chicago will not re- Democrat and Chronicle Entered at the rost-Office at Rochester, N. as Second-Class Ma'l Matter. TERMS TO SUBSCRIBERS Postage or Delivery at Door Free. 1 Year.

Pally TJaily Hud Sunday 4. CO Sunday 1.5 "Weekly l.OO 6 Moa. $1.50 .50 3 Mos. 50.75 W. H.

MATKEWS President I N. P- POND Sec'y and Trea9. Trusties M. H. 1 HOW A GEEAT INDUSTRY WAS CH ATI Until recently the United States secured about all its pearl buttons from abroad at a great cost to the people of this country.

Now, out at Muscatine, Iowa, there are twelve factories, employing over 1.500 persons and running about 3,000 saws. The buttons from these factories now bring better prices than Eastern goods. How did this great industry, which will Siive millions of dollars to this country, get started? Much as many others have. An observing man, a Mr. Benples, saw that there were thousands of tons of.

mussel shells in the Mississippi bottoms. He noticed the pearl-like lining of these shells and concluded to utilize his discovery. A small factory was started and from, that has grown the present great industry. This is illustrative of the development of many like enterprises in this country and elsewhere. The man who observes, reflects and plans has the advantage over the one who simply accepts what he finds at his hand.

Waste materials are lying around on every side, and he who can find a use for them, if he has the requisite aptitude for applying thought to practical purposes, will succeed. Klondikers who hang around each others' mining claims will never make a big stake. The world offers myriads of opportunities to those who have eyes to see and the resolution to seize them. BUCKET-SHOP SPECULATION. Unfortunate persons of credulous minds and speculative tendencies, afflicted with the "bucket-shop habit," may possibly find temporary relief, if not permanent cure, in the frank statement made by the manager of a recently bankrupt of the cause of its failure.

"Manhattan went tip ten points in one day," says the naive and genial dealer, "and that, of course, y.es the end of it." Something of the sort always is "the end it." The bucket-shop is not a philanthropic enterprise. It is run for the benefit for the proprietor, not for the benefit of the patrons of the game. The proprietor has no notion of risking any of his capital, if he has any. As soon as the luck runs against him he corrects fortune by getting out of the game and repudiating his losses. A sharp advance in any stock which the bucket shop speculators are generally buying for a rise is invariably the signal for the closing of the bucket shop.

That is the reason why it is impossible to make nny money in bucket-shop speculation. The bucket shop is a gambling establishment which keeps open "only so long as its patrons, taken as a body, are losing more than they are winning. "Manhattan went up ten points in one day and that, of course, was the end of it." "Gentlemen, the sum allotted to this table for this evening's play is exhausted." The announcement of the croupier is the fairer and more honest of the two. The bank's money is up. It has paid its losses.

But it claims the privilege of limiting its losses to a certain fixed sum, and every player was aware of this when he went into the game. The bucket-shop has no money up. It plays only "on velvet." It doesn't pay its losses. It claims the privilege of limiting its losses to nothing and carefully conceals that fact from its patrons. The speculator who starts in to "break the bank at Monte Carlo" is infinitely less a fool than the speculator who starts in to win the money of a bucket-shop.

The Monte Carlo gambler has a fighting chance. The bucket-shop gambler has no chance at all. He is attempting the obviously impossible. He is "up against a skin game." EPAIK'S SUSCEPTIBILITIES. In the news dispatches from "Washington there are indications that pressure is loing brought to bear upon the administration to induce it to reconsider the choice of a locality for the maneuvers of the North Atlantic squadron, lest because of a concentration of naval strength within few hours' steaming of Havana, the Spanish situation "might be aggravated" by further irritating Spanish susceptibilities.

It should be noted that the Spanish government has intimated no desire that such a change of programme should be made and that there are perfectly sound practical reasons why Hear Admiral Sicard should not "be sent," in midwinter, "to maneuver with his squadron along the" exceedingly dangerous "northern coast of this country." If the maneuvers cannot be held in waters suitable for the purpose, lceause of "Spanish susceptibilities," they would better be abandoned altogether. For our part, we cannot see why Spanish susceptibilities should be at all regarded in the matter. What portion of ita own coast thi country chooses, for good and.