The Palm Beach Post from West Palm Beach, Florida • Page 72

A 10" Palm Beach Post Tliursday, August 25, 1968 Mercury Project THE UNITED STATES ASTRONAUT TEAM IUSAF 18 USMC 3 USN 18 CIV. -11 TOTAL 50) National Aeronautics and Spare Administration 400 Maryland S.W., Washington, D. C. 20518 Manned Flight Record 963 6928 SHEPARD Freedom 7 GRISSOM Liberty Bell 7 Gemini 3 (202) Palm Beach 1 ost- Gemini YOUNG Gemini 3 Gemini 10 Gemini CARPENTER Aurora 7 SCHIRRA Si Km a 7 Gemini 6 What It Takes Astronauts Selected By Strict Standards SPACE SHEET Public Information Division Vol 4, No. 14 rii 1 imes Project WHITE Gemini 4 )i in.

1 1, ii LOVELL Gemini 7 Gemini 12 i i I Jk mn -ftiiml McDIVITT 4 ft CONRAD BORMAN Gemini 5 Gemini 7 Gemini 11 IT 0 ARMSTRONG SCOTT 8 Gemini 8 0- v' STAFFORD Gemini 6 Gemini 9 Y'Ll CERNAN Ccminl 9 FT3 Gemini Gemini FULL NAME, RANK, SERVICE J'J BIRTH PLACE EDUCATION ffjSA ALDRIN, Edwin Eugene Mai USAF 1-20-30 Glen Ridge, N. J. eS PB-G Ml'." PB-G12 ANDERS, William Alison, Capt USAF 10-17-33 (long Kong, China AFIT PB-G11 TZ 7c cnsTT-Gir ARMSTRONG, Neil Alden, Civilian 8-5-30 Wapakoneta, Ohio Purdue-BS CP-G8 SM USC 7 X-15 Fits. PEAN, Alan LaVern, LCdr USN 3-15-32 Wheeler, Texas of Texas, BS CB-C10 OR MAN, Frank, Col USAF 3-14-28 Gary, Ind. ilL ESM Callecn, MS lk-w of Col BRAND, Vance DeVoe, Civilian 5-9-31 Longmont, Col.

BSBA BSAE UCLA, MBA BULL, John Sumler, USN 10-25-34 Memphis, Tenn. Rice CARPENTER, Malcolm Scott, Cdr USN 5-1-25 Boulder, Col. BS CB-M7 DSM uscal, BS CARR, Gerald Powell, Maj USMC 8-22-33 Denver, Col. UWS.BS Princeton, MS CERNAN, Eugene Andrew, Cdr USN 3-14-34 Chicago P-G9 E5M UiiNfi, mi olM) CHAFFEE, Roger Bruce, LCdr USN 2-15-35 RapidS' Purdue, BS A-l Mich. AFIT, MS COLLINS, Michael, LtCol USAF 10-31-30 Rome, Italy USMA.BS -p-cio ESM CB-G8 CONRAD, Charles Jr, Cdr USN 6-2-30 Philadelphia Princeton, BS P-G5 ESM i cp-cn ot Hawaii CP-M9 CP-G12 COOPfR, Leroy Cordon Col USAF 3-6-27 Shawnee, Okla.

of Md. CB-M8 BM At IT. BS CP-G5 ESM CUNNINGHAM, Waller, Civilian 3-16-32 Creston, Iowa UCLA, BS, MA Charles Moss Capt USAF 10-3-35 Charlotte, N. MIT, MS EISELE, Donn Fulton, Maj USAF 6-23-30 Columbus, Ohio "fjy, ENGLE, Joe Henry, Capt USAF 8-26-32 Abilene, Kan. UofKaa.BS 16 X-15 Fits St FraneK of Kaa.BS EVANS.

Ronald Edwin I Cdr USN 11-10 33 USNPS.MS CARR 10TT, Cwen Kay, Civilian 11-22-30 Enid, Okla. Callech.BS GIBSON, Edward George, Civilian 11-18-36 Buffalo, N.Y. of Rochester, DS GIVENS, Edward Galen Maj USAF 1-5-30 Quanah, Texas USNA.BS CORDON, Richard Francis 10-5-29 Seattle, Wash. ot LCdr USN HB'08 1 Purdue, BS CP-M4ICB-G6 DSM CRISSOM, Virgil Ivan, Col USAF 4-3-26 Mitchell, Ind. AfT CPG3 CP-A1 DSM ESM HAISE, Fred Wallace Civilian 11-14-33 Biloxl, Miss.

of Okli.BS usnaTbs IRWIN, James Benton, Maj USAF 3-17-30 Pittsburgh, Pa. 0 Micn( 2MS Holy Cross, BA KERWIN, Joseph Peter, LCdr USN 2-19-32 Oak Park, III. Northwestern, MD UND, Don Leslie, Civilian PhD 5-18-30 Murray, Utah caT'PhD incur. 7-29-36 Grand Rapids, of Mich. LOUSMA, Jack Robert, Capl USMC 2 Mich.

USNPS.MS Wkr PB-G4 CB-G12 LOVELL, James Arthur Capt USN 3-25-28 Cleveland, Ohio P-G7 ESM usinh, Ba CB-G9 MATTINGLY, Thomas Kenneth, Lt USN 3-17-36 Chicago Auburn.BS McCANDLESS, Bruce II. USN 6-8-37 Boston, Mass. McDIVITT, James Alton, LtCol USAF 6-10-29 Chicago -aur) ESM MICHEL, Frank Curtis, Civilian 6-5-34 Lacrosse, Wise. CalTech.BS.DS Carnegie BS MITCHELL, Edgar Dean, LCdr USN 9-17-30 Hereford, Texas USNPS.MS MIT, PS OkBdpU BS POGUE, William Reid, Maj USAF 1-23-30 Okemah, Okla. okStu Ms USAF T'Birds ROOSA, Stwrt Allen, Capt USAF 8-16-33 Durango, Col.

UofCoL.BS SCHIRRA, Walter Marly Capt USN 3-12-23 Hackensack. N.J. USNA.BS DSM SCHMITT, Harrison Hagen, Civilian 7-3-35 Santa Rita, N. Harvard, DS SCHWEICKART, Russell Louis, Civilian 10-25-35 Neptune, N.J. MIT.BS.MS AKBI SCOTT, David Randolph.

LtCol USAF 6-6-32 SanAntonio. USfAA. BS SM SHEPARD, Alan Barllett Capt USN 11-18-23 East Derby, MH USNA.BS CpM DSM AsiL Dir. SLAYTON, Donald Kent, Civilian 3-1-24 Sparta, Wise Uof mts PB-G3 P-G6 ESM STAFFORD, Thomas Patten. LtCol USAF M7-30 fford, Cp.G, ol Col.

SWIGERT, John Leonard Civilian 8-30-31 Denver, Col. Rensselaer PI, MS WEITZ, Paul Joseph, LCdr USN 7-25-32 Erie. Pa. usls, WILLIAMS, Clifton Curlis Maj USMC 9-26-32 Mobile, Ala. Auburn.BS PB-C10 p-rj4 San Antonio, USMA.BS (Wt wU) WHITE.

Edward Higg.nj II. LtCol USAF 11-14-30 Teis 0, MihMS WORDEN, Alfred Merrill, Capt USAF 2-7-32 Jackson, Mich, ujch, MS Tfcb ESM YOUNG, John Watts, Cdr USN 9-24-30 San Francisco Ga. Tech.BS P-3 tSM i GORDON Gemini 11 COLLINS 10 AH of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's manned missions have been launched from Cape Kennedy (formerly Canaveral) Florida, site of the John F. Kennedy Space Center. Listed below are the missions through Gemini 12 in chronological order.

In the crew listings, the command pilot's name is given first, the pilot's second. The backup crew in parenthesis is listed in the same order. Mercury and Gemini numbered flights not listed were unmanned. May 5, 1961 MercuryRedstone Shepard(Glenn) Suborbital July 21, 1961 MercuryRedstone 4 Grissom(Glenn) Suborbital Feb. 20, 1962 MercuryAtlas 6 Glenn (Carpenter) Three orbits May 24, 1962 MercuryAtlas 7 Carpcntcr(Schirra) Three orbits Oct.

3, 1962 MercuryAtla 8 Schirra(Cooper) Six orbits May 15-16, 1963 MercuryAtlas 9 Cooper(Shepard) 22 orbits March 23, 1965 GeminiTitan 3 Grissom-Young (Schirra-Strafford) Three orbits June 3-7, 1965 GeminiTitan 4 McDivitt-White (Borman-Lovell) First EVA, 63 orbits Aug. 21-29, 1965 GeminiTitan 5 Cooper-Conrad (Armstrong-See) 120 orbits Dec. 15-16, 1965 GeminiTitan 6 Schirra-Stafford (Grissom-Young) Rendez. with G7, 117 orbits Dec. 4-18, 1965 GeminiTitan 7 Borman-Lovell (White-Collins) 14 days, Rendez.

G6 March 15, 1966 GeminiTitan 8 Armstrong-Scott (Conrad-Gordon) Ren-dock with Agena, six orbits June 3-6, 1966 GeminiTitan 9 Stafford -Cernan (Lovell-AIdrin) Rendez. with ATDA, EVA, 3 days July 18-21, 1966 GeminiTitan 10 Young-Collins (Bean-Williams) Ren-Dock-EVA, 3 days Last Quarter, CY 1966 GeminiTitan 11 Conrad-Gordon (Armstrong-Anders) Ren-Dock-EVA, 3 days Last Quarter, CY 1966 GeminiTitan 12 Lovell-AIdrin Cooper-Conrad) Ren-Dock-EVA, 8 days Gemini 7 was launched lie fore Gemini 6 after the original G6 mission was postponed Oct. 25, 1965, when its Agena target vehicle aborted. It was decided to combine the two missions and the first successful spacecraft rendezvous was made by Gemini 6 with 7 on Dec. 16, 19G5.

Orbits, EVA A revolution is completed each time the spacecraft passes over 80 degrees longitude or about every 96 minutes. Orbits are referenced to space and in Gemini take about 90 minutes. EVA is space talk for extravehicular activity or walking in space. Home Base NASA's Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston is home base for all 50 astronauts. They receive mail at the center and live with their families in the surrounding areas.

GLENN Friendship 7 COOPER Faith 7 Gemini 5 trination pilots and scientists undergo serves to familiarize them with the space environment and determine as nearly as possible their ability to withstand the stresses of launch, space flight and reentry. In selecting the original Mercury astronauts, NASA logically turned to the military as the best source for the jet-trained and test experts who would be the first Americans in space. Subsequent groups selected were predominantly from the Navy, Air Force and Marine Corps but there are now 11 civilians on the astronaut team, one (Armstrong) of whom was command pilot on the Gemini 8 flight this year. Here's what the U.S. astronauts have accomplished: The Mercury program was begun in 1958 and ended in 1063 with the 22-orbit mission of Cooper.

All six manned missions were solo flights designed to test man's reaction and abilities in space flight and to test NASA'S recovery ability. Unmanned test flights proved the capability of the launch vehicles and spacecraft. The Gemini two-man series, begun in 1965 and to be completed late this year, has already achieved these major objectives: 1. Determined man's performance during orbital flights of up to two weeks, including the ability to pilot and control his spacecraft. 2.

Perfected the technique of spacecraft rendezvous and docking (coupling two craft together while in orbit) and the astronauts' ability to carry out extravehicular (EVA), or "walk in space." Mercury and Gemini, when completed, will have paved the way for attainment of a national goal Project Apollo. Apollo's mission is the landing of a man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth, laying a foundation for manned space exploration beyond the moon. The Apollo program will require 27 launches (12 with the Uprated Saturn launch vehicle and 15 with the giant Saturn moon rocket). Manned flights will be scheduled using both launch vehicles. The three phases of Apollo: 1.

Earth orbital flights of up to two weeks duration during which crews will gain experience in handling the basic spacecraft and conduct scientific observations requiring man's direct participation. 2. Earth orbital flights during which crews will gain experience in handling the basic spacecraft and in deploying and docking with the two-man Lunar Module. 3. Landing of an expedition on the moon and return to earth.

MEDAL WINNERS All six Mercury astronauts were awarded the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Distinguished Service Medal NASA's highest for their pioneering ventures into space. In addition, Grissom and Schirra received second DSMg for their work in Gemini 3 and 6. Other Gemini astronauts have received NASA's Exceptional Service Medal, usually awarded by the President or NASA Administrator James E. Webb. NEXT: APOLLO Crew members for NASA's first manned flight in the Apollo Project are veterans Grissom and White with Chaffee making his first apace flight.

The earth orbital mission is scheduled for early 1967 with McDivitt, Scott and Schweickart as backup crew. J. ALDRIN Gemini 12 Carriers Workhorses In Mission Recovery American astronauts are selected under an exacting system of prerequisites the National Aeronautics and Space Administration established soon after the agency was born in 1958. Selectees must be in perfect physical condition and are required to take part in a limited space simulation program after a thorough medical and psychological examination. They must be no older than 35 at the time of selection if qualifying for pilot-astronaut and no older than 36 if qualifying for scientist-astronaut.

All must be United States citizens and no taller than six feet. Pilots must have a bachelor's degree in engineering, physical or biological science, while scientists are required also to have doctorate in natural science, medicine or engineering, or the equivalent in experience. Pilots must have acquired 1,000 hours' jet time or have been graduated from an armed forces test pilot school. Scientists-astronauts, not already jet qualified, are required to undergo jet pilo; training. The pre-selection indoc 5 Astronaut 'Generations' Picked By NASA Fifty-five men have been selected as NASA astronauts, 50 of whom are still active in the nation's manned space flight program.

The original Mercury seven were named April 9, 1959, to pioneer U.S. manned space flight. They were Carpenter, Cooper, Glenn, Gris-som, Schirra, Shepard and Slayton. John H. Glenn, Colonel, USMC, (Ret), resigned from the program and is now a business executive and NASA consultant.

Slayton and Shepard, fill collateral duties of director of Flight Crew Operations and director of the Astronaut Office, respectively. In the second "generation," of nine nimed Sept. 17, 19(52, were Armstrong, Borman, Conrad, Lovell, Mc-Divitt, See, Stafford, White and Young. Elliot M. See, a civilian, was killed in jet plane accident in St.

Louis Feb. 28, 19B6. Fourteen recruits joined the astronaut ranks Oct. 18, Aldrich, Anders, Bas-sett, Bean, Cernan, Chaffee, Collins, Cunningham, Eisele, Gordon, Schweickart, Scott and Williams. Air Force Maj.

Charles A. Bassctt II died in the same St. Louis crash as See, and Air Force Capt. Theodore C. Freeman was killed in a jet crash near Houston Oct.

31, 1964. The fourth group, June 28, 1965, were six scientist-astronauts, all with outstanding scientific educational backgrounds. In the group were Garriott, Gibson, Kerwin, Michel, Schmitt and Duane B. Graveline, who resigned from the program but is now employed at Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston. The fifth generation, none of whom has been assigned to a space mission, was selected April 4, 1966.

The nineteen in the group: Brand, Bull, Carr, Duke, Engle, Evans, Givens, liaise, Irwin, Lind, Lousma, Mattingly, McCandlcss, Mitchell, Pogue, Roosa, Swigert, Weitz and Worden. Morrury 8 and the RAN DOLPH Mercury the NO. 4. Mercury and the MASON, Gemini 8. All the recovery ahips were aircraft carrier except NOA, destroycrf and MASON, a destroyer escort.

The Mercury 7 mission of Astronaut Schirra was a planned Pacific recovery Gemini 8 astronauts Armstrong and Scott terminated their mission prematurely, reentering over the Pacific Gemini 10 recovery xhip wattle USS Guadacanal, a helicopter carrier. Academy Grads Among the astronauts, Aldrin, Borman, Collins, Scott, Worden and White ara West Point graduates; Anders, Duke, Eisele, Givens, Irwin, Lovell, McCamlless, Schirra, Shepard and Stafford are Annapolis men. Promotions Under a policy announced Aug. 31, 1965, by the dent, each astronaut after his first space flight only -receives a one-grade promotion. The policy applies up through the Tank of colonel or Navy captain.

Education All of the astronauts hava a bachelor degree and two, Brand and Carr, have two each. Twenty-one have master's degrees and one, Irwin, has two. Aldrin, Gibson, Lind, Michel, Mitchell and Schmitt hold doctorates in science or philosophy and Kerwin is a medical doctor. Three Bachelors Forty-seven of the astronaut team are married. Tha bachelors are Mattingly, Schmitt and Swigert.

Atlantic arrival after the Hearing reentry into earth's atmosphere has been the end of the line for all U.S. apace missions through Gemini 10 with the exception of Mercury 7 and Gemini 8. Gemini 9 astronauts Stafford and Cernan splashed down only three and one-half miles from their recovery ship, USS WASP, which was also the recovery ship for the Gemini 4, 6 and 7 missions. The USS CHAM PLAIN was the recovery vessel for Mercury 3 and Gemini the INTREPID picked up Mer-cury 7 and Gemini the KEAUSARGE recovered TOP RANKER Highest ranking astronaut in space so far was Schirra, a Navy captain at the time of his Gemini 6 flight. X-15 Veterans Two astronauts are former X-15 research airplane pilots and one flew with the U.S.

Air Force Thunderbirds precision flying team. Armstrong logged seven X-15 missions, Engle 16, and Togue was a T-Bird. Payday Military astronauts receive the pay and allowances of their rank while civilian spacemen also are salaried and receive the allowances of the Civil Service rating for which they qunlify. Birthplaces Twenty-two states and two foreign countries are represented in the astronauts' birthplaces. Colorado and Texas lead with five each.

Anders was born in Hong Kong, China, and Collins in Rome, Italy, where their fathers were in mili- tary service. i-. NASA Olillnouiih-a Sr.ie. Mntal NAi M.rtl AUGUST 1, 1SE6 iMtrtury Pilot, him Crtw Pi lo Ifleltup Crmw Nvy Poilgrsduol School KEY TO SYMBOLS: CP- niM AFIT- Air Fo. limits ol Ttcfclg lockup CB Co G-- ESM" NASA lltoMl S-rvici P8" o.w U.S.

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE; 1966 253-6962.