The Des Moines Register from Des Moines, Iowa • Page 4

MOINES REGISTER. PACE FOtTt He Would Intimidate America 'Send Europeans to Africa' Publtatiad vrrr werk dav moralni hjr THB ItEOISTKR AND TR1BLNS CO. T13 T1S LnruM St That Is Lippmann's Suggestion to Solve Population Problem. tntrI tin IB Di MolM. la.

a nfimd cla.i matter. Between 1800 and the World i rightly conceived. It is a task as I SPfP ttjinT AMY MOB YiJ; Vv-L I' 1 'i I i' iUBEAT ITW (Th Pi Mr-tna Lfa-ler, Eatablialwd IB 1S9 Tha low 8tt war the population of Europe in-! inspiring as it is great. By Walter Lippmann. WASHINGTON.

D. C. The movement which began after Mu- creased from 180,000,000 to 480, SI'BStKllTION fttTES. 000,000. During that period of a nich to appease ljul.

more thlin 4 century about Nazi Germany by 80 OOO.OOO Europeans migrated to Shea of Kansas City, working on the human causes. Shea finds careless use of matches, cigarets, and campfires by no means the whole story. A good many fires are set on purpose, for a variety of imbecile reasons. Hunters' fires to drive the game and spite fires to burn out the neighbors still occur, but they are exceptional. More common are fires set "to make the grass grow faster," "to help the cattle," "to burn out ticks," "to kill germs." or because parents and grandparents used to do it.

All these are hangover from pioneer days when wood was considered a nuisance instead of a crop and a soil-builder. The hangover is a great deal more than nuisance, as the series of bad fires on the west coast shows. delivering an Af The opening of new continent to European migration will have to be undertaken in this century. Difficult as It looks, there Is no other nay to a genuine appeasement among and within the crowded nations of Europe. In the seventeenth century a PAYABLK IN ADVANCE.

BY MAIL IN IOWA, ruthr Rrrr Ona yr. fi Mom Tnhun- Ona fr. Sunday Hawr Oi yar. BT MAIL OUTSIDE IOWA. RfSlntfr On JMt.

IT. Moinfa Tnhunf Ona r. Sunoar other continents, and of these about half migrated to the United States. Migration Halted. This great Intercontinental mi Iowan Adds to Ba.

con-Shakespeare Debate. By Harvey Ingham. -The Dean of Weatmln.te, u. nounced on Thursday night two-days' search for the tn of Edmund Spenser In ster Abbey had proved frui.uT and that no further contemplated. The search made on the assumption, tw when Spencer was buried bi Abbey in the "Poet's corner" temporary poets cast Into grave laudatory verses and ih! quill pens with which they written.

Shakespeare to have paid tribute ln this The official statement Issued w' the Dean of Westminster follows: the search for the of Edmund Spenser took plaVi Westminster Abbey on XovenHa, and S. The space lmmeditM, In front of the Spenser monuml, was found to be taken up by anu foundations, and further thntaiul that k. SATURDAY. NOVEMBER 193. migration of this eort was organ gration was abruptly reduced rican empire to Hitler has for the time being run upon Insurmountable obstacles.

After the demonstration of the last two weeks as to how the victorious Nazis mean behave, i would now be morally Impossi the post-war decade. Whereas ized by chartered companies under 000,000 Europeans had been em-j the patronage of royalty, and the igrating each year before the war, colonists who moved overseas the number as reduced to less I were men and women who had than 300,000 a year. But these ig- suffered in the old world and were urea do not reveal the true pic-j prepared to endure hardship in the (HTUBEK rlRHUATlON, NET TAIU. Daily 287,594 In Dm Wolnat. daily 89 4S Sunday Teoibtoi 327,875 la Dm Vaina, S0.7S5 Mont inlv circulation in Iw han tha Bxl 13 luwa nspapra comhintrt.

Mora Sindav rirrulatmn In low than all Bthrr Iowa Sutv1a nwpp-a rorr.Mnxl LIFTMAN. inr. Cor mmv nf the nost-war i new world, emigrant from Europe have been from the United Kingdom to the British Dominions. The great pres www An organized migration of the same sort will have to be undertaken. If it is wisely planned and well managed and firmly dis WORLD SHIFTS IN POPULATION.

A birth control advocate lamenting lower birth rates, when the population is Increasing by MrmbH at Tha A.JOrlatca rw. Thf AMnciatM Prsa antl'M i-lo-alvlv lo ua tor republication o( all nw dupatehta crlltl to It in Una raw nd of local nrwa of sp-nianroua oriRin pun-llahed harn. RlKhm of rqiublu-ailnn of all otnrr matter o'lbllahed in lh! newt-piiper ara I reMrvrd. sure of surplus population is In Central Europe. Thus Italy had an annual emi ciplined, the money invested In the undertaking will be repaid many gration of about 400,000 before nnHv million in one vear.

the war; In 19S0 there were only times out of the riches that are AS TO CENSORING THE sounds contradictory but it hap- waiting to be created, and the ef grave wu some 12 ft. to the north of monument. There were Indication! that two other Interment kj place In the same grav. was Impossible to aMlen. definate date for these.

Three ficlala of the Bacon sorier. fort and trouble will be repaid in full measure out of the good will and the sense of Increasing security that the prospect of a new world would give to Europe. Br 8welrt In th 8n Frncfaco ChronlcH. 60,000 Italian emigrants, www It is obviously no accident that the end of a century of free migration from Europe should have been followed Immediately by a wave of revolutionary imperialism in the very region of Europe where the pressure of surplus population is the greatest and the post-war impoverishment the present to search for the Mr. Bertram G.

TheohaM dent of the Bacon Society taw Will Brandeis Leave Court? Urgency of Jewish Refugee Problem May Impel Move: Lindley. Ion of his society the grave open waa not that of Edmund Spenw? He expressed the hope that thi Dean would give permission further search to be made n-u. don Times. most acute. Doors Closed.

It Is no accident, surely, that pened. Within three days of each other, Mrs. Margaret Sanger, for over 20 years a birth control advocate, publicly lamented the low birth rate and the census bureau estimated the population of continental United States at a new high. The contradictions are not real, actually. As the National Resources committee's report pointed out last spring, the birth rare has been falling for nearly a century In spite of our rapid and continuing growth of population.

Heavy immigration, rapidly falling death rates, and the high percentage of the population in the most fertile child-bearing ages long offset the falling birth rate. But, in the 1920's, immigration was drastically cut. With the 1930s, the natural yearly Increase fell to half what it had been 10 years before. At the By Ernest Lindley. WASHINGTON, D.

The security and future of the Jewish community In Palestine which recently took him to the White with the non-European world closed to European migration and in That nothing should come of n. ble to obtain the consent of parliament or of the French chamber to a surrender of colonies. More Problems, But even before the current terrorism within the Reich, the opinion had been developing that the mere handing over of African colonies to Germany would create more problems than it can possibly solve. For there Is no place In Africa where a Nazi empire ran be CHtohliihed without complicating Immeasurably the problem of British, French and even American defense. To return the former German colonies in central Africa would mean that France, which now holds her African empire with small detachments of troops, would have to augment greatly her whole military system.

A Threat to V. S. It would mean that Great Britain, which can no longer count on the security of the Mediterranean highway to the east, would have to take far-reaching measures to mske secure the other highway around the Cape of Good Hope. And It would mean that the I'nlted States, committed now as always to the defense of the hemisphere, would find Nazi Germany a naval power in the vicinity of South America. Therefore, until there Is a moral disarmament within Germany, the return of colonies would not be an appeasement but a strategic disaster requiring even greater military preparations than those which now burden mankind.

Problem Dramatized. But while it is clear that the mere return of the former German colonies is not the solution of any House for the first of two long talks with the president. movement to reclaim Louis Dem-blt Brand els attempt to uncover the tomb nf T7- 1 1 I- large part to European trade, there should have followed so quickly a fierce movement toward German Pogrom. Then came the German pogrom. empire and a ruthless spoliation of the more defenseless minorities.

RADIO PRIEST. It is too bad that Father Cough-lin is impelled to include in his radio sermons the sort of subtle Insinuations against Jewish people with which fanaticism and intolerance and cruelty have been fostered in other nations of the world. The American public as a whole does not approve this type of thing at all. But there is In even "civilized" modern society a group that can always be appealed to by means of intolerant and hate-provoking suggestions. Why Father Coughlin, who is plainly shrewd In many ways, deems it desirable If even politically or religiously tactful to play upon ignorance and emotion In these deliberate ways has always puzzled us somewhat.

Yet to harp on such bigotry as the old themes of Jewisfi "guilt" for social and economic suffering' in the world, and of the imagined "domination" of our own economy by Jews, can certainly be calculated to have no ultimate effect except the disintegration of social unity and the undermining of democratic ideals. We do not blame radio station WMCA in New York for becoming indignant over Father Coughlln'a often veiled anti-Semitic inferences, or for seeking to maintain a certain standard of Intellectual decency and honesty in its broadcasts Still it is necessary to suggest a warning to radio as a whole The resettlement of the German Jews (If they are not exterminated first) haa become an acute world problem, which cannot be solved by the development of a Jewish national state In Palestine. from the Supreme Court Is making te a headway among his friends and admirers. Within the last two or three weeks it has been taken up by several of his friends who, in the early fall, scouted the sug present high percentage of young Between 1924 and 1930 the doors to Immigration had virtually been closed not only In the United States but in the British Dominions and In South America. In less than a decade the Italians broke into Ethiopia, the Germans broke Into Central Europe, persecution and expropriation were adopted as national policies.

The problem is utterly insoluble, except in a small number of individual cases, if it is looked upon as requiring no more than the adults in the population dlsap pears, the excess will vanish, and we should have a stable or per haps even a shrinking population. Mrs. Sanger's concern with the birth rate, however, is leas with gestion that he usdldv. should leave the bench at the age of 82 to take up other work. The demand for Justice Bran-dels' services outside the Supreme Coijrt has two roots.

The first is in the Jewish refugee problem. Justice Brandeis has long been an ardent prophet of Zionism. It was the uncertainty concerning the finding of a haven of refuge for the immediate victims of the the general rate than with the specific birth rates of different classes. For a number of years, the most calculated cruelty. Annual Relief Needed.

rule has seemed to be the poorer you are, the more children you Europe, even if It were normal, have. The greater prevalence of even if the Nazis were not Nazis problem, it is also clearer than ever that there is a colonial problem In which not only Germany but all of Europe are deeply con them railed on him frequently for Inspiration and advice on economic and social questions. Some of his disciples in the administration believe that if Justice Brandeis would leave the bench, he would be available again for counsel. And, they argue, the nation and democracy never had been more sorely in need of his wisdom. This is the second root of the movement to reclaim him from the court.

Thorough Worker. If Justice Brandeis approached his work on the bench with the rather aloof, philosophical liberalism of the late Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, he might be able still to do two jobs and to coach his young friends in his spare time. But the Brandeis opinion, like the celebrated Brandeis brief, is a hard drive through thickets of facts. His work is always painstaking and thorough and therefore time-consuming. www If the liberals on the Supreme Court were still an embattled minority, not even the urgency of the Jewish refugee problem would Impel many of his friends to suggest that he step down from the bench.

But the viewpoint which he and the late Jus-, tlce Holmes kept before the nation In their dissents during the 'twenties, and to which Justice Stone and the late Justice Car-dozo later brought support. Is now the doctrine of the court. Justice Brandeis has won his fight on the bench. www If Justice Brandeis retires from the Supreme Court he will create, of course, a second vacancy. Liberal Candidates.

One of them surely would be offered to his outstanding disciple, Felix Frankfurter. The other could be used to satisfy the demand of the west' for representation on the court, or to recognize the liberal wing of the Catholic church, in some such appointee as Governor Frank Murphy of Michigan, or Harold M. Stephens of the District of Columbia circuit court of would have to he relieved of about with regard to barring Father a million human beings annually. cerned. Coughlin from the air or, for that effective birth control among the well-to-do and marriages postponed for economic or educational reasons appear to be responsible.

To equalize things, Mrs. Sanger suggests federal subsidies to the feeble-minded and hereditarily dis The plight of the German Jews matter, even with regard to "cen Justice Brandeis Is not only one of the greatest Jews, but Is an elder statesman thoroughly Imbedded In the American tradition. In fact, he was well along in years before he began to take an Interest In the members of his race In other lands. In an address which he made In 1915, at the age of 59, Justice Brandeis said: "During most of my life my contact with Jews and Judaism was slight, and I gave little thought to their problems save by asking myself from time to time whether we were showing by our lives due appreciation of the opportunities which this hospitable country affords us. My approach to Zionism was through Americanism, Practical experience and observation convinced me that to be good Americans we must be better Jews, and to be better Jews we must be Zionists." Must Conserve Energy, Justice Brandeis continued to serve as a leader of the Zionist movement for many years after he took his seat on the Supreme Court in 1916.

But with advancing age, he has been compelled to conserve his energy. His friends say that if he is to give his time and thought to the Jewish refugee problem, he will have to relinquish his judicial duties. www In curtailing his outside activities during the last few years, dramatizes the real problem. But soring" his remarks. The Detroit priest, without ques it would be a grave misunderstanding of the problem to think tion, has the resources and the that the only question is how to find a refuge for a tormented minority, or that even this problem For more than a century there haa been a mass emigration from Europe in about that proportion, and unless there is a sudden change In the fertility of the white race, there can be no hope of peace in Europe unless mass emigration Is once more possible.

www But mass migration to already eased not to have children; family subsidies to "healthy and intelligent" couples to marry early and can be solved by removing a half have them; and further spread of birth control information, with settled communities is entirely im public funds. These are, of course, highly controversial subjects. Birth control became so general and so drastic in both France and ingenuity to make himself heard among the people who will listen his type of harangue, even though certain large radio stations should deny him the privileges of the air. If he were to be deprived of broadcast facilities, one can Imagine the persuasive martyrdom which he could easily assume and the pertinacity with which he would doubtless publicize his "persecution." The Register wonders whether, as was the case a few years back, Father Couglin will not cAiiimnu openaer in Ine hop of finding a manuscript in the manship of Shakespeare is not to be wondered at. Spenser wM buried in 1599' and even with all our modern scientific method, of preservation we should not expwj to find much in a tomb dating back more than three hundred years.

But the believers In Bacon the real Shakespeare are not sat. isfied with he investigation and insist that something may bs found in old Westminster Abbey if the uncoverers will stick to their job and find the real Spenser tomb. A curious local interest attache to this Bacon-Shakespeare con-troversy because one of the most scholarly books yet written to support the Bacon theory has been written by an Iowan, Dr. Naae of Graettlnger. Graettingfr is northwest of Emmetsburj in Palo Alto county.

Dr. Naae's book was first published in 1915, but a new edition, very much enlarged, was issued in 1935, three years ago, and has attracted wide attention. Dr. Naae's theory is that Shakspesrs was a screen name adopted by Bacon, very similar to George. Eliot and Mark and adopted for substantially the sams reason that Mary Ann Evans and Samuel Langhorne Clemens cboss their pseudonyms.

Today everybody takes George Eliot and Mars Twain for the real writers, wben as i matter of fact there were no such people. It would be interesting to know why two such writers as Mrs, Evans and Samuel Clemens should have preferred to go through lift under their pseudonyms. In tht case of Bacon the theory as stated by Dr. Naae Is a little more understandable. He says: "Oni reason for secrecy and perhaps the chief one was that people of Uiom times considered it beneath hii station in life to write such things as plays for the stage.

It was customary then to write under another hame and for secret reasons they very commonly mil-dated books." Just how the stage was regarded ln those days is further hinted by the doctor in this: "Troops of players were loc-M upon as vagabonds and outlaw. Theaters were Jammed, with th rable and the ignorant in predominance, who here would get to know some of the history of tbeir kings and country. We must remember that they were strict puritan times. They condemned the theater. In the sixteenth m-tury it was forbidden to the faithful to attend plays of any kind and they denied sacraments tut burial to any one In any way w-nected with the theater," But there was another rea why Bacon may have wanted ti keep his name out of it, assumlnj that the Baconians are right 1 what is known as his cipher writing there Is one sentence: million Jews from the Reich.

Question from Poland. If any one doubts that this la not the problem let him look to Poland, where the Poles are beginning to ask whether the great powers are going to assist Hitter by caring for his victims while they fail to provide an outlet for the surplus population of a nation that does not resort to such Germany that the governments were alarmed for the future of in i man i iiiiri nn in) i mi' 'infirm the population. Financial meas possible. Such a movement of peoples can take place only into unsettled territory where an organized community life the modern sense does not yet exist. For that reason the problem is a colonial problem: it is, in fact, the problem of developing the African continent for European settlement.

An Inspiring Task. The true colonial question today ures to encourage the rearing of violence. www The question raised by the Poles sufficiently discredit himself goes to the heart of the real Justice Brandeis has made himself among the vast majority of Amer lean citizens, If given enough latl tude on this anti-Semitic line, to children have had little effect so far in France, and It is yet too early to say whether the spurt in German births means larger families or just earlier families. It is an article of faith among Nazis and Italian Fascists that their comparatively high birth rates are due to superior "racial" far outweigh any damage which It is at bottom the problem of Kuropean emigration, and to think about it all we must fix clearly In mind Its main less and less available to his young disciples, of whom there are many in Washington. In the early days of the Roosevelt administration many of is not how to partition Africa but how to organize its development as a place of settlement for Europeans.

It is a great' task. But Justice Brandeis. "His Work I.i Aluay.i Painstaking and Thorough." possibly may be done among the few who have a predisposition to "swallow" it Those who hope for intelligent vigor. However, Polish an1 Rus sian birth rates are higher still. Gloomy Picture of Railroad Debt Problem A "JIM CROW" RULING THAT WON'T WASH.

Unless Change for the Better Sets In, Reorganization or Government Rescue Party Is Predicted. The only thing that deserves to showed a continuous deterioration through reduce the interstate commerce commission's blush, as a result of reason and tolerance in a democracy such as ours simply have to rely on the public's good judgment in the end. If that mainstay were not present, we should have no guarantee of our liberty anyhow. And there is far greater danger In resorting to the methods of suppression, even in what we deem "righteous" causes, than in sticking all the time to the principles of freedom and letting bigotry and irrational prejudices wash themselves out in open debate. After all, there are plenty of re its "Jim Crow" decision of Fri day, is the fact that four of the commissioners dissented.

(Editor's Note: Following is the summon one of the reports on debt structure which were made to the Twentieth Century Fund by its committee on debt adjustment. Another summary will be printed shortly.) The incomplete revival of railroads during the recovery period, taken with other definite signs indicating that many roads will be unable In the long run to support their debts, "suggests strongly that there must be some fundamental change in their Congressman Mitchell of Illinois, a Negro, had complained that he was denied Pullman accommodations in Arkansas. He acknowledged that the Arkansas law pro spected leaders in this country Jewish and Catholic and Protes vides for the segregation of races on trains in that state, but point tant to repudiate anti-Semitic manias wherever they arise. In operating conditions before they can hope to earn a reasonable return on their present capitalization," it is asserted in a ed out that the railroads are required to maintain equal even deed, unity and co-operation among these groups have spread though separate accommodations for Negroes. In this case, he was research report made public by the Twentieth Century Fund.

With railway net Incomes only one-eighth as large in 1937 as in 1929, and with fixed charges actually higher, the fall in forced to accept a coach so that the Pullman could be reserved for railroad revenues and continued deficits whites only. Now we are perfectly aware that both the down-swing and the upswing of the 1929-1937 cycle; though, of course, many of the stronger roads improved on the upswing." Short-Term Debts Down Declining activity in the early depression years carried the short-term debts of railroads down 10.6 per cent to $1,440,000,000 In 1932, as compared with $1,610,000,000 in 1929. From 1934-1936, however, the total mounted 64 per cent to $2,360,000,000, including $580,000,000 of funded debt past due. As past due obligations rose, cash and current receivables fell nearly 41 per cent from their high point of $1,450,000,000 in 1928 to $860,000,000 at the end of 193? but in 1936, they had returned to Railroad short-term debts topped cash and receivables by $100,000,000 In 1928, and rose steeply every year thereafter, until the difference stood at in 1936. On long-term, the net funded debt unmatured of railroads (excluding bonds held by railways themselves) rose from ,11,900,000,000 In 1929 to $12,370,000,000 In 1930; then dropped In 1930-1933 to $12,200,000,000.

By the end of 1936, the unmatured net funded debt was about $80,000,000 below the 1930 peak; while bonds held by other railways were $110,000,000 below 1930. According to railroad accounts, total debts were 5 per cent larger than the net equity of stockholders (value of assets minus debts) in 1929; and 27 per cent larger than the $11,100,000,000 in 1938. But the study points out that the stock market at the end of 1936 valued the equity at only about one-third its pie-depression value, as compared to 86.2 per cent at book value. the interstate commerce commis so thoroughly in recent years and are now so effective that organized anti-Semitism is but a squeak in a continuous hum of fellowship. Should we not beware, therefore, of arming the at present Insignificant foes of reason and neighborliness with weapons which, without regard at all to the main Issue itself, could be used to augment their power? Should we not avoid every hint of suppression, see that the side of sanity and logic is presented equally well, and then permit commonsense to make the obvious decision sion can't change the laws of Ar kansas.

We are also aware that rail lead to the forecast that "unless some unexpected change for the better soon sets In, it is virtually certain that we must have either wholesale reorganization, or some sort of government rescue party." Railroad Position Today Concerning the railroad position today, the report says: "We were first born to the uncalled virgin that governeth ouf realm, Queen Elizabeth. In event of abdication or death of the queen, we this son, Francis. Prince of Wales, inherits tM throne and this crown. And cut land shall rejoice for it shall a wise sovereign." If Bacon really did feel that was the son of Queen Elizabetl and that as Prince of Wales hi might fairly look forward to beiM crowned king, it is easy to understand that he would keep his p'V roads aren't likely to be forced, as addition, 15,000 miles (6.3 per cent) were operated under receiverships dating from before the passage of the act in 1933. Reorganization Not Possible Moreover, no section 77 reorganization of any importance has as yet been completed and confirmed by the courts.

"The barrier to reorganization," the report says, "Is of course precisely the desperate condition of railway finance which makes reorganization desirable. No plan of reorganization can be approved without the consent of a majority of stockholders and consent of all classes of security-holders Is not obtainable for any plan. Railway reorganize have been forced Into a policy of waiting to see if anything turns up." In contrast to the railroads, the fund's report comments, other public utilities as a group telephone and telegraph companies, gas and water companies, electric railways and a miscellany of motor transport firms, pipelines, broadcasting companies, etc. seem to have kept their positions fairly liquid during the slump. Electric Railroads "One major category of long term debt, however, shrank throughout," the report observes.

'The debt of electric railways had been falling since the end of the world war, largely owing to the disappearance of interurban electric lines and shrinkage of street car system. From $2,510,000,000 In 1917, the debt fell to $2,284,000,000 in 1921 and $2,150,000,000 in 1934. Of this a large part was in default." During the depression, utility bond prices paralleled the experience of high-grade railway bonds, and occasional defaults on principal and interest occurred until late 193S. when utility bonds In default of Interest totalled $906,000,000 (of which 62 per cent were electric railways). After that, the situation Improved rapidly, except for electric railway bonds.

In utilities, "there was no pressure for a government rescue party as in the case of railroads," the report says. "On the whole those companies which were worth salvaging were able to weather the depression by themselves, and the government accordingly made no provision for aid in reffnnno. 1936 had recovered to but dropped in 1937 to $104,000,000. "The fall of Incomes during periods of distress resulted in wholesale defaults on railway bond Interest," the fund's report points out. Income losses and debt repayment difficulties were complicated by the financing problem in the early years of the slump, the study observes, low prices for railroad bonds making it difficult to sell new ones for refunding purposes.

Public issues of railroad bonds fell from $468,000,000 in 1930 to $11,000,000 in 1931, and totalled only $93,000,000 and $179,000,000 in 1932 and 1933. Railroad Credit Corporation As financing became more difficult, the government stepped in. The Railroad Credit Corporation was set up to aid the weaker roads, loaning a total of $47,000,000 in the depression's pit in 1932. The Reconstruction Finance Corporation loaned out $284,000,000 in the same year. In 1933, railway loans of the R.C.C.

rose by and those of the R.F.C. by Even so, the study finds, the amount of principal past due rose by $46,000,000 in 1933 to $136,000,000. The Public Works Administration also- made Important advances beginning in 1934. Of such loans, the maximum outstanding totalled in April, 1935, but this figure was cut down sharply until it stood at by June, 1937. Government aid continued to be pumped In, but financing difficulties persisted for the railroads (with high-grade Issues showing Intermittent spurts) through 1933.

"However, in 1936," the study points out, "railway bond prices rose; and market conditions for new Issues were relatively favorable. But early in 1937, bond prices turned downward. By October, railway bonds were priced below the 1935 average; and at the low point In June, 1988, they stood at less than half their high level of 1937. This development checked refinancing." The report'a data show that railway mileage operated In mid-1937 under the famous section 77 of the Bankruptcy act which Isought railway reorganization under bankruptcy procedure was about miles, or 23.7 per cent of the total. In a matter of regular practice, to attach an extra Pullman in these states in order to accommodate an "Over 28 per cent of railway mileage is already in receivership as compared with occasional Negro passenger.

We are even aware that the coach ride probably didn't injure 2 per cent in 1928, and ultimate losses to creditors are likely to be very heavy. The assumption that railways have perpetual earning power is not as credible as it used writing under a pseudonym. Congressman Mitchell's health es perially. MAN TO BLAME FOR FOREST FIRES. Of course there is this different" between the name Shapes? as a pseudonym and the nam' Mark Twnln nr Oeorre Eli to be, and the financing of railways on this Still the commission ought to assumption has reached the point of breakdown.

The feeling of stockholders is shown A caretaker carelessly dumped one red clMr to its hairline when it said: by the fact that prices of railway stocks fell In June, 1938 to one-third their level of March, 1937, while industrial stocks There was an actor named Shakespeare and he was active at tM time the 1623 Great Folio w-j Just why Bacon shou have chosen to use the name a llvinir nctor would have to "The discrimination and preju dice Is plainly not unjust or un due!" Blarney! stood at nearly two-thirds their 1937 peak "Certain officials are on record as be The commissioners might have explained. ashes out the back door and started the Santa Monica forest fire. The reckless custolian was soon arrested, but blackened stump and ruins spread far beyond sight of the cabin he was set to watch. What causes forest fires? Man and lightning but mostly man. United States forest service figures show that 63 per cent of the fires in the national forests are started by man, and 93 per cent more nearly preserved their self- With Shakespeare a living ctof respect If they had said, "The dis crimination and prejudice is plainly unjust and undue but as long it will also be hard to explain Bacon should have used a factured portrait prominently played in this Great Folio fl collection of the plays to cover the key to as the people of Arkansas are so Operating Revenues Down The operating revenues of all railroads fell more than 50 per cent from 1929 to 1932, and operating expenses declined about 48 per cent.

However, the tax burden, net facility rents, fixed charges, were reduced only 9 per cent. As a result, the railway net income of in 1929 was converted into a net deficit of $164,000,000 in 1932. Freight and passen-ger traffic improved somewhat after 1933, and the combined railway net income by lieving that revenues can be Increased only by raising rates a counsel of despair, since higher rates will discourage shippers. At least one critic suggests that the railroads are entering their period of economic old age, and that their failure to pay off debts while they had adequate earnings may make It necessary to write off many debts later on." The study observes that "the average short-term debt position of railways of those In forests under other downright intolerant and narrow-there is nothing feasible this com mission can do about it!" Baconian authorshlo. eontrol.

Since February, the service has That at least would have been And yet It is true as Dr. says that Shakespeare "left erary remains, no manuscript had a psychologist, Dr. John P. the flat truth of the matter, tag." library." I.