The Titusville Herald from Titusville, Pennsylvania • Page 13

of of of of of of of of of THURSDAY, AUGUST 27, 1959 THE TITUSVILLE HERALD, TITUSVILLE, PENNA. PAGE THIRTEEN Text of Addresses at Second Century Conclave of Oil Dr. John Sloan Dickey Of Dartmouth College Address of Dr. John Sloan Dickey, president of Dartmouth College, at Second Century of Oil Conclave: Man is a knowing animal. an individual life he is permitted to know for himself only an incredibly small moment of that seemingly.

endless mystery we easily and trustingly call "time." This, of course, is true of all creatures, but man seems to be the only creature that has presumed to know something about things past as well as knowing that most mortal moment, the present. Thus it is that man alone celebrates centennials and thus it is that human society has its enterprises of knowing: our schools and colleges, as well as its enterprises of industry. The anniversary we celebrate here today is a dramatic witness to both the man's knowledge and the growing oneness of man's knowledge and of his doing in all directions. A centennial is not merely hundred years of yesterdays. is one of those somewhat arbitrary counting points in our arithmetic that provides a convenient place for marking a moment in the past that we now, on looking back, are permitted to know was extraordinary and, in this stance, was great with significance for the future.

It does not dull the edge of our keen enjoyment of this centennial of the oil industry to recall that we live in a period and in a land' where almost every day is anniversary. Indeed, it adds the meaning of this celebration to be mindful that centennials of such significance are relatively new features in the span of man's history and that there are still vast areas on earth where such opportunities for the celebration of the past's achievements are still largely in the hoped-for future. 1959 Has No Significance Yet The truth is that the vast majority of man's yesterdays are unmarked with identifiable significance. And, before we become too self-satisfied with ourselves and our anniversaries, let us remember that we are gathered to honor what was achieved here in 1859 and that the significance of 1959 is still to be proven. While we are making the most of our acquired capacity for being humble, it might be well to remark that the beginnings of the oil industry reach back a few years beyond 1859.

I am not at the moment alluding to the pioneering research done on rock oil in Yale and Dartmouth in 1855 and 1853 respectively, nor am I referrir made of bitumen some 4,000 years ago in the city of Ur on the Persian Gulf or even to the account in Genesis of the directions given Noah by the Lord for making the ark watertight with pitch. No, I simply suggest that in all our celebrating of man's cleverness we not overlook the fact that long before man discovered it, perhaps as much as 450 million years before this greatest of all treasure hunts got under way, somehow petroleum was produced and hidden where simians could find it out when at long last they came along with their busy hands and curious minds. Oil and simians have the natural affinity of the hidden and of the hunters who, in Robert Frost's phrase, "would have the rabbit out of hiding." And I suggest to you that there may be even more to the relationship of man and oil than the simian propensity for uncovering hidden things. Landmark in Understanding I remind you that 1859 is famous not only in Titusville; it is also a landmark in man's understanding of himself. The same year that Colonel Drake drilled his well Charles Darwin published his momentous book, "Origin of Species." I venture to mention this other competitive centennial not to avoid a charge under the anti-trust laws that the oil industry has a monopoly on the year 1859, but because I think it is entirely possible, indeed probable, that these seemingly totally unrelated happenings in 1859 in fact combined to produce an im-1 pact on the future that standing alone neither would have caused.

It is knowledge today that petroleum has played a major part, both literally and figuratively, in firing the fic and technological advances of the past hundred years. Paradoxically two vorld wars also played a part in pacing the advance of science and technology in the first half of the 20th Century, and yet even as to wars a case can he wide made that conflicts of scope were themselves tures of the power and mobility of the age of petroleum, Darwin's part in all this was less direct and even if in his own particular field he is no longer credited with being as much of Arthur Butler, Head Of Highway Users Following is the 'text of: an adddress by Arthur C. Butler, at the Second Century Oil Conclave commemorating the 100th anniversary of the birth of the oil industry at Titusville, Pennsylvania. I am honored to have a part in this salute to a great industry and to an almost incredible century. There is no doubt in my mind that Aladdin's lamp was an OIL lamp.

OIL obviously performs miracles. This celebration here at Titusville is a splendid means of pointbiting up some of these miracles. It brings home the astounding fact that it was only a hundred years ago in the days of some of our grandfathers that the modern transportation marvel was the "Iron Horse." And it was still 10 years away from its first transcontinental trip. An attorney for a couple of these overland ers-the Illinois Central and Rock Island Railroads was a legged fellow named Abraham Lincoln. In 1859, however, he was pretty much taken up with things over publicly with one Stephen A.

Douglas. A whirlwind political campaign was under way and Lincoln, Douglas, Breckinridge and Bell were burning up electoral districts on railroads that bumped along at a hair ing 30 miles an hour. When the "Iron Horse" was not available, they went by carriage or on horseback. In such times, far more remote from today in customs and capacities than in actual years, Colonel Drake sank his oil well. What it did to Titusville ently was stupendous.

The town "busted out all exploded into a boom and bustle that broke loose and boiled over into neighbouring towns and throughout the state. It was a veritable "spectacular' --1859 style. I imagine everyone here will sleep comfortably in a bed tonight. But in the early oil years, a bunk on a billiard table in Titusville was at a premium. Those were the times when every day saw scores of wagons, loaded with tools, primitive drilling ap-1 paratus, furniture, coal oil barrels, floundering in and out of Titusville on quagmire roads described, according to tradition, as: Wholly unclassable Almost impassable, and Scarcely jackassable.

In striking contrast, on my way here from New England, I came skimming along over six and four lane highways so hard and smooth they contained barely a wrinkle, highways scientifically engineered for safety, convenience and efficiency. One might say that some of these roads, also are, in their way: Wholly unclassable In fact, unsurpassableThough heavily TAXABLE. Yes, times have changed out of proportion to the number of years that have gone by since Lincoln and Douglas steamed and galloped around the countryside. Not only do millions of carriages today zoom over the miles without benefit of horse or even coal bucket, but the whole way of life is being cut to a different pattern. Changes in 100 Years All this in a hundred years! What other century has produced such changes in the way the average man and woman lived? What is more, MOST of these changes have taken place NOT in ONE HUNDRED YEARS-but rather in FIFTY! Most of the metamorphosis that has made our times what they are, instead of rustic, isolated, and provincial, has come about within the vivid memory of many here today.

Our present way of life is the very legitimate offspring of a wedding--a wedding between a product of the earth and a mechanical device-between OIL and the INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. Far less notice was taken of THIS union when it came about than of the more recent one between Elizabeth Taylor and Eddie Fisher. But the wedding of OIL and the INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE had the same kind of significance for the world as when a pole somehow joined with a disk to form a wheel, and when two sticks or two stones first rubbed together and caused fire. Filling up the gas tank to make the car go is taken completely for granted today. But when I found I was to be coming up here and to have a small part in this celebration, I got a little nosey.

I started digging around I to discover when and how it all began. was surprised to learn that OIL was ready and waiting for the wedding. In fact. gasoline was known about, and even named, as far back as 1866. At that time, it was identified as one of the petroleum naphthas-a sort of poor relation of kerosene.

Kerosene was, of course, in great demand for heat and light. Gasoline, on the other hand, being the Carson, Oil Import Official Address of Captain M. W. Carson, Administrator, Oil Import Administration, Department of the Interior, Washington, D. before the Second Century Oil Conclave, Titusville, Pennsylvania, August.

26, 1959. It is indeed a signal honor to have the opportunity to participate in the Second Century of Oil Conclave. I am humbly grateful for that opportunity, and I am humbly grateful to those pioneers in the great industry that we call the oil industry who have made the beginning of the second century of oil a reality. We here at this. very moment are living in an age that will be remembered throughout the thousands of years that civilization may yet endure as the real dawn of man's greatest, accomplishments.

Man's efforts to utilize, mechanical aids in the never-ending struggle for survival were in the era known as the Stone Age. Later came the Bronze Age and then the Iron Age. I know not what appellation future scientists and historians may give the era we now live in, but I think i it might aptly be called the Oil Age, or perhaps the Combustion Engine Age, because we are a combustion engine civilization. And I say this although we are now moving into the wonders of the Atomic Age. Let me make myself clear.

One hundred years ago, Edwin L. Drake, a former train conductor, after drilling a well feet deep, struck oil here at Titusville, Pennsylvania, His well produced about 10 barrels of oil a day. Daily Consumption High One hundred years later our daily consumption of oil is on the order of 10,000,000 barrels a day. Thus in the past century our consumption has increased nearly 1,000,000 times and it goes year by year. Why this huge and ever-increasing use of oil in the United States? It is largely because ours is a engine society.

Our mobile horsepower is greater than our stationary horsepower. The combined horsepower of our wheeled vehicles is greater than that of our factories. And we count our gasolinedriven cars in tens of millions. they were stopped, the heartbeat of the Nation would become dangerously irregular, and our productivity would plummet downward for much of labor and management could not then reach their places of work. Public transportation could not handle the burden that would be thrown on by the stoppage of private vehicles while, for that matter, public transportation itself is based upon oil-driven buses.

So, too, if millions of our oilpropelled trucks should be halted for lack of fuel, our railroads would be helpless beneath the added burden. And they, too, would halt because their motivepower--the diesel-driven locomotives- -depends upon petroleum. Nor is this all. Our food supplya land where work stock is becoming a rarity--is largely produced by oil-propelled farm machines. It takes little imagination to.

conceive what might happen us if our farm tractors and other implements were stopped for lack of fuel. Hostage to Fortune Here one thing is obvious. It is that the United States--perhaps to a greater extent than any other large nation--has given hostage to fortune in its almost complete reliance upon the continued functioning of its countless combustion engines engines that must gulp oil or fall still. Yet even this evidence of the overwhelming place of petroleum in our combustion-engine society, does not tell the complete story of the degree to which we are, so to speak, petroleum's hostage. We are the fourth largest ing of people in the world, exceeded only by Red China, India and the Soviet Union.

But for all this we are small on the scale of the world's total population. We account for only six percent of the earth's people. We do not, therefore, loom large among men because of a massive population overshadowing that of all other countries. Our great industrial-military power and potential is to be measured in quite another way: one that, I am sure, is taken into account in the careful calculations of would-be aggressor nations. It is this: The United States, with only six percent of the world's population, utilizes almost 40 percent of the world's total energy consumption.

There is a trinity among us of fuel energy sources composed of oil, natural gas, and coal. In 1958 they vidided the burden of supply in those proportions: We derived about three-quarters of our fuel energy requirements from petroleum and natural gas, Barnes, Airlines Official an intellectual pioneer as at first seemed so, the fact is that Darwin and the views attributed to him concerning the evolution of life and man's origin became the battleground over which, perhaps the last great public controversy between and religion was fought out. If today we times wonder what the "shooting was all about," nevertheless we must say, must we not, that some such controversy was probably necessary to make the public as a whole aware of the fundamental place of science in contemporary life. In turn, can there be any great doubt that without such general awareness and acceptance of science in a community and perforce in the community's educational enterprises that. petroleum's full power and potential as we know it today would still remain largely locked behind bars of ignorance and indifference? "Rabbits" Out of Hiding DR.

JOHN S. DICKEY The drillers of the Drake Well and the author of "Origin of Species" probably had little or nothing in common personally beyond exceptional determination to have their respective "rabbits" out of hiding. But today as we look back upon these two momentous events that took place in 1859 we can now see that these seemingly utterly dissimilar achievements were built upon the common foundation of prior intellectual pioneering. It is fitting that as honor Colonel Drake, the first driller of oil, we should also acknowledge the pioneering intellectual work that began the most important oil discovery of all, the discovery of oil's nature. It was on this discovery that Drake's rig and all the rigs followed rested.

The story of the studies at Dartmouth and Yale that led to the drilling of the Drake Well has been frequently told in recent years. It is a fascinating story and bears much retelling, but I think the most important item for us in that story today is the fact that the centennials of those studies preceded this one by six and four years respectively. Man first had to know something of the nature of oil before the hard and ingenious enterprise of drilling for it occurred to him and seemed vorth the effort. Science Used on Oil In 1853 Dr. Francis B.

Brewer of Titusville, a graduate of Dartmouth College, brought a sample of Pennsylvania rock oil to Dartmouth for examination by his uncle, r. Dixi Crosby, a teacher in the Dartmouth Medical School, and Oliver P. Hubbard, professor of chemistry. We have no record of the tests used by professors Crosby and Hubbard in their analysis, although there is little doubt from our knowlege of the meager equipment available to this them that by today's standards first scientific examination of crude oil would be judged elementary. But that is not the point, the point is that this was the first effort to the ways of science to create reliable knowledge of petroleum and that from that effort and its positive outcome came the interest and conviction of George H.

Bissell, another Dartmouth graduate and friend of Dr. Crosby, that in turn led further scientific studies and the drilling achievement we celebrate here today. It was in 1855 at Bissell's instigation that Professor Benjamin Silliman, a distinguished Yale scientist conducted detailed experiments that led to the publication by him in April 1855 of a study on the nature of petroleum that has been termed the "birth certificate" of the oil industry. "Birth certificate" or prospectus for a promising marriage, Silliman's remarkable report was assuredly procured and used by Bissell and his partner, Jonathan G. Eveleth, to convince prospective investors of the scientific legitimacy of the future of rock oil and their plans to drill for it, We are told that Professor Silliman charged Bissell's group 08 for his report.

Dartmouth's, charge is still being computed. Men draw different morals from such a story depending upon their point of vantage or disadvantage. Certain it is, however, that this opening chapter and its fantastic sequel in the unfolding story of oil during the past hundred years leave no room for doubt that knowledge and enterprise beget each other. This is a truth that is well-known today in both education and industry. Perhaps we should limit that statement a by saying that education and industry have readily and, indeed, inevitably found common ground, if not common cause, in most fields of research.

To be sure, there are still differences of emphasis and aim between much academic and industrial research and there is an acute need throughout our society for more basic searching for new knowpledge. But broadly viewed, we can say today that research, at least in the natural sciences, is al respectable activity and even a fashionable investment in the eyes of most Americans. Understanding of Research I suggest to you, however, that we are not nearly so clear and of one persuasion in our understanding of how you go about producing the research we need and seem relatively willing to purchase. Many businessmen, although not I think many acknowledged business leaders, rather naturally still regard. research as a commodity to be purchased when and as needed rather than as something that must be home grown, so to speak, in the form of better educated individuals throughout the American community.

The point is nicely made by the story about the hugh multimillion dollar plant built by the Government during World War II for producing uranium 235 for our first A-bombs. One day after the mysterious new plant had been operating for a year or so, one of the curious-minded natives of the locality asked an official of the plant how it was that nothing ever seemed to be shipped out of the plant although it regularly ever seemed to be shipped out of the plant although it regularly received trainload after trainload of raw ore material. The official replied that the finished product of the plant was exceedingly small in bulk and indeed might be sent out in thimble-full quantities. Our curious-minded friend pondered reply for. awhile and then knowingly remarked that if this was so, it seemed to him that it might be smarter for the Government just to buy the stuff.

And so it often seems with knowledge, that there must be a cheaper way to get the stuff than to maintain our vast educational system of schools and colleges with their constant need for more and more money. But always the answer ultimately comes back, knowledge is not to be bought, it has to be created man by man. Today, as in the case of rock oil hundred at Dartmouth and Yale some years ago, the men are available to do intellectual pioneering only if years before they have been adequately educated for such work in our schools and colleges. The society that educated Brewer, Crosby, Hubbard, Bissell and never dreamed that it was there by preparing the way for the coming of the petroleum age, but educate them it did and they did the rest. And so it is with us, we cannot buy knowledge as yesterday we bought education.

We who occupy that moment called "the present" can celebrate but we do not create today's centennials; their creation was yesterday's education. The centennials of the future will tell our story. May it be as good as that which we are privileged to honor here today. NOT A CANDIDATE Adlai E. Stevenson, twice defeated Democratic candidate for President, talks to reporters on his arrival in New York from Europe.

He reiterated that he would not seek the Democratic nomination in 1960. Stevenson approved of the exchange of visits between President Eisenhower and For viet Premier Khrusheber. plosive and volatile type, was largely avoided, Actually, some of the early state. inspection laws were passed to keep gasoline from being substituted for kerosene. It was not until 1911-less than 50 years ago--that the sale of gasoline exceeded that of kerosene.

And this was some years after the first American-made automobile, powered by an ined on the scene. Of course there ternal combustion engine appearwas competition! Steam and electricity both made a bid for the motor vehicle. But it was soon apparent that they had to in the face of the many superior merits of gasoline. Holds Out for Solid Fuel ARTHUR BUTLER One stubborn holdout for a solid fuel, though, was a German fellow named Rudolph Diesel. favored powdered coal which he figured could be ignited by the heat of compressed gases rather than by an electric spark, as in the gasoline engine.

His first experiment resulted in an explosion which came near to ending Doctor Diesel as well as his idea. So he turned to oil. Doctor Diesel eventually did disappear and under very mysterious circumstances. But, so far as is known, no experiment was involved. He simply boarded a cross-channel ferry and was not to be found when the boat landed.

Since then, his discovery has made transportation history. Today, his engine is busily engaged in powering over 82 per cent of all our trucks 50,000 pounds gross weight, virtually all our inter-city buses and an ever-increasing number of transit and suburban buses. And all of them use--not powdered coal-but OIL. Look at it from any number of facets and the petroleum story is a fascinating saga. The well that Colonel Drake sank a hundred years ago was very small, indeed, in terms of immediate and personal gain.

But in cance to his country's culture and economy, it was an all-time gusher. And from it, has sprung a multibillion dollar industry. Growing up with this tremendous oil industry have been some tall men in our country's gigantic economy. It has been my privilege, through the last quarter of a century, to know some of these men. I can testify to their public spirit, breadth of vision and dedication to the purpose of turning the power, which they help to control, to national and world service.

I represent an organization whose objective is to promote sound public policies in behalf of highway users and highway transportation. It is a matter of pride and constant purpose with all of us in the National Highway Users Conference that our work is in the public interest. It is also a matter of pride with us that among our original and staunchest supporters is the oil industry. On our Board of Governors, and throughout our national and state organizations, leaders in the petroleum industry give hours of time--worth thousands of dollars--thought and effort, valuable beyond price, to working out and working NOT private profit--but the public good. It is a stimulating experience to be associated with these men.

In fact, it has been stimulating to be associated with all highway transportation over these years when it has been growing by leaps and bounds, owing in large part, of course, to the increased efficiency and intelligent marketing of motor fuel. Some of you may remember a story that went the rounds back I in the twenties. In those days, the tall tales were all about the Oklahoma Indians who were becoming, rich over night from royalties on their oil properties. This particular story was about the Indian who would pay several thousand dollars for a new Pierce Arrow, the expensive and luxurinns car of its day. He would drive one of these land yachts "til it ran out of gas, then leave it on the side of road and go buy another one after Continued on Page Fourteen CAPT.

MATTHEW CARSON JR. and we got about one-fourth of these requirements from coal. Uses in Cold War I have been addressing myself to the peacetime uses of petroleum and natural gas. But in this period of the cold war when there is neither war nor peace, as we once understood these terms, petroleum is our peacetime shield as it would become our wartime buckler if the world should again be plunged into the unspeakable tragedy of global conflict. Nonetheless as an American I am deeply interested in the profound role played by petroleum in our great wars.

It is clear that without huge oil supplies we could not be a world super-power. Lord Curzon, onetime British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, observed truly that "The Allies floated to victory on a wave of oil in the First World War." It is also true that the American oil industry supplied 90 per cent of the Allied oil needs in what now seems the faraway world of 1914-1918. Oil--and I cannot emphasize this too strongly--is of the essence of empire. I do not use this term in the sense of one country dominating a group of other countries. I use it in the sense of President Coolidge's observation made in 1924.

He said that "the supremacy of Nations may be determined by the possession of available petroleum and its products." The truth of this observation, already borne out by the Allied victories of the first world war, would be reconfirmed by the historic events of the second world war when again victory or defeat turned upon the possession of petroleum in huge quantities. On July 26, 1941, we ordained an oil embargo against Japan, What were some of its effects? Professor Samuel Eliot Morison, of Harvard, notes in his history of United States Naval Operations in World War 11 that this embargo "made war with Japan inevitable." He states that "a general impoverishment" of the Japanese economy was threatened with insufficient oil for "normal domestic tion, let alone naval But economic sanctions did not deter Japan and she struck outby way of Pearl Harbor--to attempt to secure for herself the oil riches of the Far East. In winning the war against Japan in the Pacific, oil was the elixir of victory. If an abundance of oil was of the essence of victory to the United States and its allies, the denial of oil to our enemies was of the essence cf defeat to them. After Pearl Harbor, the Jananese did reach the oil sources of Borneo.

Java, and Sumatra. But our naval forces- our submarines -almost severed the sea-borne line of communications that ran from the oil-bearing islands to Japan, Hence Japan, unable to the bulk of its fleet in home ports, had to violate the principle of strategy which dictates that you must never divide your forces in the face of a superior enemy. A large part of these forces was stationed ciose to the sources of Dutch Indies oil at Lingga Roads, at Leyte. And here Japan's fleets were defeated. The end of the war in the Pacific was then in sight.

Victory in the West, as in the East, also turned upon oil. Indeed, you might say that we planned it that way. In June 1944, General Carl A. Spaatz sent his historic dispatch: "Primary aim of U. S.

Strategic Air Force is now to deny oil to enemy air forces." When these attacks of the Strategic Air Force mounted in frequency and severity, Germany's consumption of oil products greatly exceeded production. As we later learned. "Less than 500 tons of aviation! gasoline were made in Germany during February, 1945, only 40 tons were made in March, none at all in April. Germany's large reserve of military aircraft stayed on the ground with empty Tanks and armored vehicles were moved to the front by oxen." Thus in the second world war, ARTHUR B. BARNES as in the first, oil was a key to the victory of the United States and its allies.

Once again there had been demonstrated the lesson of the preceding fifty years: Namely, that oil was the lifeblood of Nations which were great or which aspired to greatness. I need not further labor the point that abundant oil supplies are essential to the United States as a continuingly great industrial Nation with a continuingly great military potential. Our oil demands are huge. They grow bigger every year. Indeed our oil consumption has doubled about every twenty years.

Fortunately for all of us, the multibillion dollar American oil industry is extraordinarily dynamic. And fortunately for us, so far as vital crude oil is concerned, there seems, so to speak, to be more where that came from. In the continental United States, about 37 billion barrels of oil and natural gas liquids are now in proven reserves. This compares with about 19 billion in 1940, nearly twenty years ago. This is our ready inventory.

Haw big is it really? It can be measured in many ways, but to help you visualize these 37 billion barrels of proven reserves in this country as of the end of 1958, let us imagine: a tank large enough to hold those billions of barrels. That tank, if one square mile in cross-section, would be 7,401 feet high, or about five times the height of the Empire State ing. Of course, the fantastic tank that I have described could be built only in my own State of Texas, and when built the 37 billion barrels in that tank could be used to fill up a pipeline to the moon--a pipeline 15 feet. in diameter add 238,850 miles in length. The pipepine, I am sure, could be built in the steel mills of Pennsylvania.

The tank or the pipeline, huge as they are, are not inexhaustible. During the last ten years, on the average we have drawn down the level of oil in the tank at a rate of 516 feet a year, but because of new discoveries and field extensions we have been able to put into the tank 717 feet every yeara new gain of about 200 feet a year. But, because of the absolute indispensability of adequate and reliable sources of oil to the survival of this Nation--of these our people -we must use wisely what the Creator has generously bestowed upon us. We must continue our efforts to explore for and develop new reservoirs of oil in this country. Some time, in some idle moLAS ADD CARSON ment, pause and reflect how indispensable oil is to many of your everyday comforts and yes, your necessities.

It powers the plants to generate electricity for your homes and for your factories. 1 It powers your car, it lubricates the motor of your sewing machine. It greases the wheels of industry. And yet, I think we too often do not fully appreciate the role that oil plays in our industrial economy and in our national security. We need an increasing awareness of the importance of oil to us as a Nation and as individuals.

We need to provide the economic and political climate that will stimulate the finding of oil. We owe a great debt to the members of the oil industry and to those pioneers of the industry who are honored here Earth's They treasure have! unlocked Mother chest and have provided for all of us a more abundant life. It has been said that our children are our hope for the future. May I say that our children's hopes will be fulfilled if we leave to them as a heritage a bountiful supply of energy fuels. Oil is the essence of empire and; demand on the oil industry will be of empire proportions as it strives to provide its share of the Nation's energy needs.

As we look back over two world wars and the prodigious growth of our Nation we must realize anew what foresight President Coolidge wrote in 1924 that: "The supremacy of Nations may be determined by the possession of available petroleum and its products." LONG OVERDUE TIFFIN, Ohio (AP) A key from the Hotel Morcher was mailed back recently, but postmaster Paul B. Parkin isn't sure where to deliver it or how to collect postage due. The hotel hasn't been in business for almost 40 years. Following is the text of an address to be delivered by lie 0. Barnes, president of Allegheny Airlines, at the Second Century Oil Conclave, August 26, 1959, as part of the oil industry's centennial observances at its Titusville, Pennsylvania, birthplace.

These remarks are released for publication in whole or in part at any time after 10. p. m. (EDT) August 26. When, one hundred years ago tomorrow, Colonel Edwin Drake and Uncle Billy Smith struck oil not too many miles from here, the fruits of their find were limited primarily to medicinal and illumination uses.

Doubtlessly they had no concept of the dominant role which oil would play in the politics and economics of the world in the mid-Twentieth Century. 44 years later in 1903, two obscure bicycle mechanics from Dayton, Ohio, mid-wived the birth of aviation on a windy sand dune at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. Excited and probably amazed over the first, if brief, heavierthan-air flight, the Wright Brothers, I am sure, never envisioned the day when aviation would shrink our concepts of time and distance from days to minutes. Most assuredly, the Wright boys had no premonition that their frail 750 pound, 16 horsepower biplane glider would develop into 300,000 pound monsters of the air carrying aloft with them up to 150,000 pounds of fuel on each flight. The ceremonies tomorrow at the Drake Well Site will in a sense salute both Colonel and the Wright Brothers.

For, without petroleum products, the age of flight would never have come about. From that wintry day in 1908 when the internal combustion engine first provided airlift for its own weight, through World War the struggles to get commerical aviation off the ground in the 20s and 30s, the War Years, the postwar cloudburst of enthusiasm for aviation, and on into the Jet Age, the aviation and petroleum industries have perfected a sound working partnership. The joint development of new fuels and. lubricants by oil lab technicians, aircraft and engine manufacturers, and airline and military engineers 'has been perhaps the most obvious product of this partnership. Not so obvious but equally important has been the development of other products and systems.

These include improved surge-flow ground fueling equipment, an item of vital importance for fast and efficient ground servicing of flights. The aviation and petroleum industry jointly supported the evolution of the jet engine. Special temperature-resistant lubricants, engine coolants, and de-icing fluids have flowed in a steady stream from the oil industry's laboratories to aviation users. This long-standing partnership in perfecting new products for aviation has not been without benefit to the oil industry. During 1958, the U.S.-certificated airlines consumed over one and one half billion gallons of gasoline; 95 million gallons of jet fuel; and 22 million gallons of lubricating, oils.

of In almost Allegheny's milse, purchases 7 lion gallons of petrolum products during 1958 amounted to $1,185,000 or about of our total expenses for the fiscal year. It has been estimated that "aviation," including military, commerical, and general users, consumes nearly 550,000 barrels of petroleum products daily or approximately of total national consumption. And the future is not likely to see any diminishing of aviation's voracious appetite for oil industry products. Barring the commerical perfection of nonpetroleum fuel or energy sources or the lessening military needs, aviation's hunger for petroleum products will continue to grow at a tremendous pace. Thirsty jets, gulping over 000 gallons of jet fuel for a single long-range flight, are themselves providing expanded market potential for your products.

New air routes and greater flight frequency to meet the travel needs of our increasingly mobile population will boost the needs of commercial aviation substantially Allegheny, for exampie, has been tentatively extended from our present system. into the New England area. Meeting minimum air travel needs in this one area may nearly double our present level of daily flights. Not too many years from now as yet unknown all cargo airfleets will provide airlift for all but a few bulk cargos. Yet, the pioneering days which demanded and produced so much in the way of industry-aviaContinued on Page Fourtem.