The Sydney Morning Herald from Sydney, New South Wales, Australia • Page 81

muMMm Mm "1J" TL JNJ Ml 7) MvSICOLL THE ATMOSPHERE in Farmer's Blaxland Gallery is very tense. From page 55 on their caps or an arm band." Champion professional cyclist of the time Raphael (icminiani, said he "never saw them To which Verdier replied during hi interview: "I saw too many. "I hose who say they didn't must have been blind." The moral conflict that gripped the young in those days is best shown in the case of the aristocrat Christian do la Maicte, who swallowed icvolution-ary ideology completely. "We saw an army (the German) that we dreamed that our might be. We were impressed by the young German soldier." He went on to join the Charlemagne division which fought on the east, crn front in the Waif en SS uniform alongside soma 7.1MK) other young Frenchmen.

REGRET De la Mazicrc wa dis-illusioned only after he tried to sec Pctain and I aval regarding Ihe morality of hi action and wa refused an audience by both. Hut today the aristocrat i ready only lo regret, not grovel for forgiveness. Mcndcs-France i tha man who come o(T per-hap most impressively, most honestly in the documentary. He wa arrested by the Vichy government for "desertion" and tried. Hefore hi trial began he told hi Petainist judges: "I am a Jew.

I am a Freemason, but I am not a deserter. Now let the trial begin." In a low-key he tells who had Ken a CoII.iImh.4-lor. liven tinlay. "ihey all tell on what Ihey did in the resistance. Who am I to say anything.

Hut Ihey were Petainisis. I know." And lo be Petainist wa Ihe crime of Ihe war. Madame Solange found (u. She was simply fond of Ihe old Marshal and minded her business, lint she was ariesled and lor-lined, chaiged with having I Inn pi i-d lo betray a re-sisiaiue otliscr, by mean of an anonymous letter, and sentenced lo 15 year hud l.ibour. Madame Solancc recalled vividly Ihe eveni without emotion.

She i Ihe accidental vis. lint of hisioi y. Ophul al no lime stoop to sentiment in his exlia-ordinal)' documentary. He deals only in con-dieting emotions. A in Ihe case of I mmanucl d'Asiier tie la Vigene.

founder of the "liberation" movement, who said that Ihe resistance was the first time he had ever enjoyed a "classless society Hul he added: "I think you had to be maladjusted lo join the resistance." I he film is a lesson in the lealiticH and complexities of human Ik-haviour and lord Avon sounds Ophul' theme when he sas "No one who has not lived thiotigh an occupation hyCcintany cm possibly jude." Hut Ophul gives his audience sonte ability lo do so through ihosc views of Ihe iK'cupicd and the Clermont ei rand, many French boy cot led such film. Hut anti-Semitism grew in Fiance and when the Vichy Government proceeded lo adopt harsh racist laws and encourage Ihe deputation of Jews, there were relatively few who resisted. I)r Claude I evy bitlcilv commented: I ranee collaborated. It is the only uropcau country whuh collaborated. "It gave up its own a Government whu.li could not le called a I rench Government." APPEAL levy recounted the rounding up of Jews.

When requested by Ihe Gestapo to bring all Jews over 1 for deportation, the I rciish police also zealously rounded up some childicn. While the German were trying to cope with this new situation un appeal was made ft I aval, who replied: "Il is of no consequence. I am practising prophylaxis." Laval's son-in-law Count Rene de hambrun, trie desperately in Ihe lilm to whitewash him. lo prove that ihe man who handed France over lo the Germans was saving France from a worse fate. I aval, in hw own way.

said de Chambrun wa a "resistance fighter." and if he lived today he would be called a 'liberal republican." Immediately after liberation, point out Colonel "Gaspar" there was no one Twenty-five men and women i I wound a tuI-low suture pondennj: the chequered ho.ird hi front of them. '1 here is little sound e-cert nn occasional hushed comment from the or mi people watching from behind the plaver. The pame i chess and the player are 25 of S)d-nc" het vcrsut former champion nnd current president of Ihe Worlil Ches lederulion, I'rofcs-kor Mat luc. Professor luuc nunci klouly clockwise around Ihe inside of ihe square. lie it big man.

perhaps 6ft 4in, anJ he has lo sloop to reach the chessboard. Hi chin rest on his chest. He raises his head only to ask the oovul for vilencc or to sip his cup of colTce. lor two hour he prow's the circle and the number of panics Mill in progress dwindle. As be stors in front of each player he quickly run his ee over the Ixmrd and wilh a quick movement of his hand move a Mcp closer to victory.

"Ife play like a much younpw man, like a man rn UUKJ 30 he i ndventur-ous," whisper IikmI ches cspcrt. Professor luve, who looks 1 5 years younger than hi years, was wot Id ches champion from to 1 1.17. At the end of the two hours, hi last opponent resigned and Professor I kmc had won 2 game and had drawn the other two. INTENSE Professor Fuwe I in Australia on a 23-day ihow-thctlaj tour. He said Ihe standard of ches here ua pretty pood.

In June he will be travelling to Yugoslavia for the first session of the world championship wrie between Hobby Fischer of America and Hie title-holder Hori Spussky of Russia. I ate thi week he was notified that both plaver had accepted hi ruling that 12 garnet should be pl.ivcd in Yugoslavia and 12 in Iceland. When he finished hi 25 simultaneous game at Farmer's on Friday, the Professor's manner changed. 'Ihe look of intense concentration that had 4, i. vasv VAS i 1 13 creased hi brow faded ami he stood erect and smiled for the first lime.

"I don't know who will win Ihe championship," he laid. "I ischer will be in top form but I am not sine about Spassk). he is at his tst then it will be a vciy Mi on and chse match." Professor Fame aid government sponsorship was the reason for Ihe Russian domination ches- since he lost hi world title in 1937. lie said that an aspiring world champion would have lo devote hi life to the game. "Hut if you had only to play all Ihe time you would get very bored," he said.

A one of the world's leading evperl on computer chess. Professor Fuwe spent several year programming a computer lo play but he believe that men will alwa be able to beat machines. "A computer, unlike a man, has no creativity," he said. "You can tell a computer all Ihe move an all Ihe rules but you can still beat il because it cannot see the exceptions to the rule that chess allows." 1 how he was knpiisoncd. sentenced to six years, and escaped by climbing over the prison wall (having lo wait while a young couple argued in the dark underneath him what they would do that night) and then escaping in disguise lo Fngland to join dc Gaulle.

Ophul cover the political scene by showing ncwsrecl footage of the fatherly figure of Pctain, who offered France "the gift of my person," louring Ihe country; Laval calling for collaboration and agreeing lo draft labour for Germany from his own countrymen: Hitter -secretly" visiting Paris to sec the tourist sites and being visibly impressed; Hitler's thinking on Ger-man soldier fraternising with conquered women. "Ihese foreign gill aic misshapen. misbegotten and nothing to wiite home about," he lold an aide during a (rain tour of Germany. There are ncwsrecl shot of French performers such a Danielle Darricux leaving for Gcitnany lo make films, and two film sequence showing Maurice Chevalier alternately "collaborating" and then oili-cially apologising and saying that he only sang lor French prisoncrs-of-war. In the darkest da of French occupation.

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