Arizona Republic from Phoenix, Arizona • Page 5

PAGE FIVE Only 5 More Days COMPLIMENTS OF THE SEASON TO OUR Patrons and Friends It was indeed A Merry Christmas for all who shared in the wonderful money-saving bargains at this store. In Business! Now for the Biggest of All Surprise ERyTa'sT 31st Theref0re is absolutely necessary to dispose of EVERY LAST PIECE OF GOODS IN THE STORE. COME IN AND MAKE US AN OFFER ON THE FOLLOWING LINES: Dresses Coats Skirts Sweaters Waists Suits All Offers Will Be Considered. EVERYTHING MARKED IN PLAIN Come Early and Make FIGURES. FIXTURES FOR SALE.

Your Selection STORE FOR RENT i ne rment Shop 11 West Washington Street. Op mm msmmm a Next to Phoenix Bakery which a soldier can go to write letters, places where when he comes across from the trenches he can get hot drinks, simple foods, and some of the comforts which are dear to the heart of the soldier. Those canteens just back of the front are' of incalculable value in putting heart into the men, and are of incalculable value in showing them that Americans are doing what they can. Living Victims of th War Then, again, there are other ways in which we can help them. France today is carrying an enormous burden in its mutilated men.

Modern surgery has enormously diminished the proportion of the wounded who die from their wounds, but just because that is so it has enormously increased the number of cripples who are left after every battle and who have got to. cared for. I have spoken of the women in black whom one sees as one goes about the street. Perhaps "an even sadder sight is the number of mutilated men. One sees them everywhere, with an arm in a.

sling, with a. hand gone, sometimes with both hands gone, limping upon one leg, hobbling along with no legs at all. or deformed in almost unmentionable ways by the explosion of some shell or the scattering of some bones of the body by some one of the hundred chances of the war. Those men have to be carried and taken care of. Those men somehow or other have got to be fitted into the national life.

Those men possibly somehow or other have got to bo put in the way of earning their daily bread, or some part of their daily bread. Then there are the blind, perhaps the saddest victims xf tho war, -who number hundreds and thousands, and who have got somehow to be taken care of. In both those great taaks the Red Cross is able to help and is' helping. So, too. is the more ordinary form of hospitals.

In some respects we know things in surgery that are known in no other country. "We have advanced here and there beyond what has been elsewhere. Orthopedic surgery, for instance, is a. thing that has obtained a development in Amcric.i that it has nowhere else. In great chain of orthopedic hospitals through France, where the French and later our own men can lie taken care of.

where until our own men come to them the French can occupy vacanc (Continued on Pago Nine) man his job how efficient a man maybe, if he has gion into sections, and into each of those sections has sent its represent- itives. Of course it cannot under take to do the whole work; the work is beyond the resources of any private organization, no matter how great, but it can help supplement the ac tivities of the French themselves, it can give the French the idea that we are with them, and that we are do ing what we can to make their great task easier, and it is doing that. It has storehouses in each of the devastated regions, from which tools, from which food for urgent need. from which medicine can be sent. They ore taking care of the children scattered homeless throughout the length and breath of that country side.

They arc little by litle supplementing the efforts that the French themselves are making, helping them to go back and rebuild the shattered villages. So too in the other great task, the care of the repatriated men and women who are coming back to France through Switzerland from their captivity in Germany. AV'hen the Germans swept into Germany as prisoners the civilian population of the region which they held, they set the men and the young women who were strong and able to work to working for them, and they are keeping them in Germany today; but they are sending back, because they are useless mouths for them to feed, the old men and old women, the women encumbered with little children, the sick and all those who for some reason or other are economically useless. Those people are coming into France through Switzerland at the rate of a thousand a day. They come in broken in health and spirit, destitute of property, often destitute of proper clothes to cover them.

They have got to be cared for. They have got to be enabled to re-make their lives. And there again our Red Cross is able to step forward. So, too, behind the firing line for the soldiers themselves we can do much. The French have not yet worked out the system for the care of their men which corresponds in any way to what is done for our men by the Young lien's Christian association and similar organizations, by the Red Cross and by the private philanthropy of one hind and another which" is active in this country in work of that character.

The Red Cross in France is trying' little by lit tle to build up some such organizatior back of the French lines, to have what they call foyers de soldat, places to C1 11 What I Saw By Arthur D. Hill. LL.B. 'P4, Professor of Law. in "Harvard Alumni" Professor Hill returned a feu- weeks sro from France, which he visited as inspector for the American Red On "Wednesday, November 2S, le delivered in the New Lecture hall the fourth of the "War by members of the Harvard faculties and others.

The greater part of his tid-Jn ss is here given: What i say is merely the result of fiv works in France, added to the knowledge every American who thinks and reads has about the European "iunstiun. If 1 have formed and now positive opinions it is because the impressions one sots in France so astonishingly clear and vivid lii.st They inevitably leave equally iear and vivid results. But I have had no peculiar sources of informa-I and I neither attach nor want enyono to attach any finality To my views, in The great welter of fact emotion one must be. prepared to large scope for misinformation and mistake, to keep a saving skepticism not only concerning what other people tell you but also concerning ne's own power of seeing clearly and justly. And every conclusion must be only tentatively, ready to be mended or cast aside whenever new information is obtained or cooler corrects an impression gained in tin heat anger or pity.

of the dominant impressions "ii'-ld is That we" in America have hardly yet begun to grasp the enormous i-1: which lies before us ami our allies. The thing that struck us who 're in France when wc received the American papers and letters n'iii-Ii leached us was the tone of confidence which pervaded tli-m. To read the news from Amer- you would believe the. American "Idjers were almost at the gates of Berlin, or at lenst that the war was settled by our entrance into it. that Germany was as good as beaten, that you rould look for a final and victorious result sometime in the near and immediate future.

That was not the i- fling of any well informed person whom I met in Fram e. I talked with soldiers. I talked with 1 talked with men of affairs, and one and all had the same sense, that Germajiy was very far from beaten today, that beating Germany meant Mill an enormous expenditure of blood effort. 'if course of all the facts which it was hard To get the hardest facts those as to the condition of Germany. Communication is of course entirely cut off except through Switzerland and a few other neutral countries.

Such communication as one got was rarely disinterested, rarely exact and often intentionally mendacious: "tit the sum and substance of the impression left on one's mind was that Germany was still able to fight for many years. No doubt they are tired of the war. m- doubt they have suffered frightfully both in loss of life and in strain on their economic re Your I Our'Guara in I I is In France sources, but they are very far from feeling beaten, they are fur from being exhausted. With their habit of discipline, with their logical belief in success, with their matchless organization, they are prepared, in spite of all they have suffered, in spite of all they expect to suffer, to go on with the fight, as they believe, to a victorious conclusion. 1 think that fact has got to be faced.

I think we shnll be short-sighted if we don't keep that mind as the basis of all our thinking about the war. The Task of the United States Now being so. what is to be the task of the United States'." That task of ours must depend in the first instance on the condition of our allies, and above all on the condition of France and of England, for it would be unfair to expect Italy to bear a large part of the burden, and Russia, think, we must dismiss as a negligible, quantity in the future of affairs. Of England I shall not attempt to speak in detail. have not seen enough of England reallv to form a judgment.

From all I heard, the English army is in a state of extraordinary efficiency and of high spirit. From all could learn in the few days spent in England and in the manv talks I had with English people, the resources of England are still enormous, are still to a very large extent untouched' by the war. and the spirit of England is as high and her courage as steady as it has ever been in any part, of her history. The English believe that ultimately they are going to win. They have set themselves to win with their dogged persistence, with that inability even to contemplate the possibility of defeat which is one of the strongest, traits of the English character.

They, at least, will be able to do their share, and more than their share, of the fighting that is still to be done. It is of France more particularly that I wani to speak to you tonight, and France is in a. very different position from England. Consider for a moment what the French have had to do. When the first great rush of the Germans came in 1D14 and carried them almost to the gates of Paris, it was on the.

French that, the full hrunt of the attack fell. They supported that attack substantially alone for two years, for though the English could do something, though the English did what they could, they were very far from ready, and the help that they could afford to give, the help that they did give, was only a. vei small part of the fighting force that was necessary "to save the world from conquest by the German' army. It was the French who drove the Germans back at the Marne. It was the French who for two long years hold them in their trenches, substantially where they are held today, and forced them back little by little, almost inch by inch, until some part at least of their conquests had been wrested from them.

Even now it is the French who hold the greater part of the long battle front, stretching from the sea Will teixiA I ful modern' war is being carried on. Now. what is the duty that lies on each of us as citizens to co-operate in that In the first place, we can give our own force to public opinion, because public opinion is the thing which will enable the government to be strong, to be resolute, and to go forward in the path in which they have set. Wre can east what little strength each of us has toward accomplishing the things which need to be accomplished: the building of ships above all. the getting ready of trained men next, the keeping of the country in sound arid healthy condition behind the ships and behind the men who are fighting.

Each of us who can is bound to volunteer. Those of us who. for any reason, cannot volunteer are bound to keep themselves ready for any call which the government may make, bound, if they have any special fitness, if they can do any one thing peculiarly well, anyone thing which is needed for the prosecution of the war. to see that the knowledge of that fitness is brought to the persons having authority in the matter to which it relates. And one other thing I think that each of us can do.

It will be long before our troops can take an effective part in the fighting, just how soon no one can say. It will be months at least before any army able to bear a real share in a modern campaign is ready on the firing line. Meantime we want to do all that we can to encourage and to hold up the allies who are fighting our battle. Above all. we want to bring to the French nation the sense that we are with them, and to give them what material and moral support we can in the weary months which must elapse before we can fight effectively by their side.

The greatest agency, for that while wo are waiting is, 1 believe, the American Red Cross, which has in France a vast organization and which is doing what it can to help the French in their struggle against the common enemy. The Red Cross today is the most visible and tangible thing that the French have before them to show America's sympathy and America's desire to be of practical help. The American Red Cross Take the different things with which they have to deal. Take first the devastated region. All across the north of France there is this great strip, often fifty or sixty miles wide, sometimes thirty or forty miles wide, over which the Germans swept and out of which they have been driven.

The condition that they left that region in it is almost impossible to describe without seeming to exaggerate. Practically today it is a desert. It must be rebuilt, re-farmed and re- civilized as though it were nothing but virgin soil. Every great building in it, every factory, every church, every chateau of more than ordinary size, has been leveled to the ground. In- many pieces the destruction has gone further, and even private houses are nothing but heaps of ruins.

I have in mind one town, the town of Chau-ny where the Germans five days be fore they have made up their minds they would have to retreat, herded the inhabitants into one main street. sent around their trucks and carts and took out every stick of furniture and everything of value that there was in the town and sent it off to Germany, mined every building with dynamite and reduced the town to a heap of crumbling ruins. The very streets are barely passable, they are so full of the debris of shattered houses. The town is nothing but a mass or stones, which before it is re built will have to be carted away as so much rubbish is carted away. In the region around that town the Germans swept every farm with the same thoroughness that they swept that city, a cit yformerly of 10.000 inhabi- city, today without a single living soul in it.

Those farms were de stroyed as if a great hand had passed over them. The very fruit trees were sawed off close to the earth, so that they might never bear again. The very fields were trampled under foot, so that not one single crop was left when the French reoccupied the coun try. That thoroughness of destruc tion is what has happened to greater or less degree throughout the whole of northern France. Wherever the Germans had time to do it they did what in them lay to make the country absolutely uninhabitable for the French people when they should return to it.

The task of rehabilita tion is or tin- tasks to which the overburdened nation must set itself, it is one of the tasks to which it is setting itself, and it Is one of Hie tasks in which we eim help and in which we are helping. The Reil Cross has divided that re to the Alps, which divides Europe today. It was a. great exploit. It was an exploit which no nation in-modern times has ever equalled.

It was an exploit the heroism of which it is impossible to overstate, but it was an exploit which cost France fearfullv deas. In the first place, there was the cost of territory. The German invasion swept over the richest part of France, or one of the richest parts of France, perhaps the very richest, certainly a part or France which because of its mamifactures. because of its mines, because of the character of its inhabitants, made up a very large part of the national wealth of country. Consider how we should be here in New England if a foreign enemy had swept aross Massachusetts from the west very nearly to a line running through the city of Worcester.

That is as near as the Germans are todav to the heart of Fiance, to Paris. It is less than a day's ride by automobile, it is not more than between sixty and eighty miles, before you come to the German lines, to that black cloud of invaders which hangs over the edge of France. Which their men have been struggling desperately for The last two years to push back. That means that the inhabitants of those, territories have practically all been uprooted from their homes, some of them carried captives to Germany, others swept back into France. Sonic of the captives in Germany are slowly filtering back through neutral nations to seek some sort of refuge in their mother-country.

How many of those refugees, how many of those re-pa -trialed ones as they call them, there are. it is impossible to say. somewhere I fancy between a quarter and half a million. uprooted from their homes, deprived of all their property, cast as objects of charity on the rest of the country. That economic' burden the French are carrying today.

That alone would be a tremendous addition to what any nation has to carry. The Roll of Honor in France Then, too, there is the loss of men. How many men the French have lost nobody knows. They don't give out their losses: wc can only estimate what they are. We can only gather indirectly from what one sees in the country and from -the character of the fighting that has gone on how terrible those losses have been.

I heard figures, but I heard no figures on which dare rely. I can only say that I have many French friends, and that I don't know a. single family among them which has not lost at least one man in this war. I can only sav that every organization which" I came across had its long tale of death posted on its walls in sign of honor. The roll of honor in France is not what we call a roll of honor here, the men who have enlisted; it is the men who have died at the.

front. "When you go into the hall of the Palace of Justice yon find the list of lawyers who are dead. When yon go into the room of any ministry in Paris you find the list of employes who are dead. If you go into any club in France you find posted on its walls the proportion of the members who have died in battle. In one little eltiu which I visited, a club made up.

it is true, of young men and of sportsmen, who would naturally be. first in the fighting, out of four hundred and twenty members one hundred and ten had paid for their patriotism the price of their lives. one hundred and ten out of four hundred and twenty. Consider what that means in three years of fighting. Tou see the sighs of death on every side.

Tou see them abovu all in the numbers of women in mourning that you meet in the streets. Those black figures are everywhere. In every public conveyance in which you ride you see half a dozen women in black. Every time you look down the street those sombro figures meet your eyes. Every time you go into a shop there is one chance in four that the woman behind the counter and there arc no men behind counters any more in France is clad in black in sign of mourning for some sou, some brother, or some husband.

Literally in France today the country is swept of its men. Literally yoit don't see any young men. except a few. feeble and evidently ill nitiiih. who are not uniform.

Every man in France between eighteen and forty-eight is in the army, not necessarily perhaps at the front, for they have, learned that the older men are not so useful at The front. A man of forty-eight won't be in the trenches, be will be perhaps currying horses in some artillery c.imp. or emptying slops in some hospital, or mending roaus back of the line, or digging graves for the more fortunate men to whom it given to do the fighting, but in some for or other he is rendering his share of service to the country. The ordinary work of the country, the tillage or the fields, the keeping of the shops, all the common machinery of existence, is done today by old men and by women. Again and again as I went through the, country there came to me those lines in Mucaulay in which he describes the march of Lars Porsena against Rome, and speaks of the way the work, had there to be done by the women and the old men, by the boys and the young girls, because their sires had inarched to Rome.

And that is France today. It is a whole nation in arms. Three years of that mean a terrific strain. Today in France the first joyous enthusiasm for the war has gone. Today they have rather come to a sober second wind, to a feeling that they have taken the war inside their.

lives as one of the things which must be borne, which must he carried, which must be put up with. They go to it no longer singing and with joy. but rather with stern resolution, with firm resolve to fight to the end. with firm intention to do their duty, to carry on their part, of the contest, no matter what it costs them, no mutter how long it will take. More than that no one could ask for.

They fought the fight while the English got ready. They fought the fight while we hesitated and did not know whether we belonged in it or not. From now on it is for us and the English to take up the full share of the burden, to carry. 1 believe, the greater part of the struggle that is to come. The Allies Must Control the Sea Now, that being so.

what is it that it behooves the United States to The first and most important task is to keep and strengthen the allied control of the sea, to add to the number of ships which can transport men and munitions and food to Europe. That is the one great necessary thing. That, is the only thing which is absolutely indispensable to success. Other things may retard an allied victory. It may be postponed by German military success.

It may be delayed by differences if plan among the allies. It. may be kept back by the failure of this or that country to do its full part. But in the long run. if we keep control of the sea.

if we are able to send supplies to Europe, as they are needed, the issue cannot be doubtful. No group or countries, no matter how brave, no matter how well organized, in the long run can fight successfully against the world. Germany and Austria are great countries, and have in many ways the best strategic position in this war, but Germany and Austria in the long run are bound to be beaten, just as France was beaten in the Napoleonic wars, when it had a military power perhaps relatively greater than the German power today, when it held an even larger part of continental Europe in its grasp, and when it was led by the greatest military genius whom the modern world has known. In the long run there can be only one result of this contest if we keep control of- the sea. and because that is so it is vital above very thing else that we should strengthen our navy, should build ships and yet more ships, and should enable ourselves to put forth the full force which is at our command and the command of our allies.

Next to that wc want to put every man we can upon the fighting line in France. That is being done today, believe, from all I could learn, as fast as the conditions admit, and being done. I think, with great wisdom and with great intelligence in detail by our government. All I heard about the American preparations in France, their thoroughness, their care and their broad grasp of the conditions which the country has to meet, impressed me with enormous strength. The administration is doing all that any administration could do.

given the conditions it has at its command. 1 don't say one may not criticise here or there: I don't say one may not differ with this or that detail: but in the main the work is being well done, and done with a wise confidence in the men who are in charge at the front, with a wise readiness to let them have control of what is being done, so as to do it in the most effective and the most expeditious way. Week arter week transports are going under convoy, carrying our soldiers to France. Week after week our little army there, as yet a very little army, but increasing day by day. is Auvngt held ng and training for the work it has to do.

Week arter week stores are accumulating. Toads are he-ins got hi eondition. hospitals ate preparing, n'-sl paraphernalia necessary to a success ojcm trouDie costs many matter a tkc full fr icyoa- faxd an ugly skin-eruption, there arc positions in which' lie cannot be tolerated. He may know that it 13 not in the least contagious, but otlie people are afraid, they avoid him, and lie must make way for a man with clear. Healthy skin.

Why run this risk, when I tor yriis Notice, it it I cfoes not Ieas yotip I I iasfe no maita? fvow 1 I irvuch yott Ivave- ixsed I (SIShM M.J. Brandemteln Co. KJjSh I inol Ointment and Rcsinol Soap stop itchinc and clear away cccma and similar humors quickly and easily All srlt O'mlnirnt K-.