Detroit Free Press from Detroit, Michigan • 2

'INK 4 2 ROM LANSING The State Officer and tDepuli ME nNERS ive Million In 2d in 2d 1 1 nee the teachers at the insttartion find their I MESSAGE GNERKffl CRIPO 24'A 4 th 5th 1100 00 Irt 2d Irt 24 Ellery A Brownell irrjwsr John Bole William II Osborn Walter RoMnmn 2d let 2d SpeakervhJp Office Seeker Llqaor nt tke Cwpital etc office seekers Specimens of the genus office seeker are abundant as usual on the meeting of legislative bodies and arc this year of a somewhat more hebdomadal character than usual The seedy politician has given place to the sleek young man fresh from the Union of the rural districts or other manufactory of Republi can patriots with alargC Sprinkle of ebony It 81 75 41 00 13 i I 00 51 48 54 30 8408401 1050495 4001 14184 371398 8000 00 124531 13 52760 65 14093 75 12300 58 2712 80 233339 7123 2533 3618 that occasion did net and failed to secure But Twa idinon Loan Bond due Two Mffiion Loan Bonds 6" doe Jan VHg Two Loan Bond dae Jan 1 2d 3d flMJWfo Z104OO90 250XX) 9 500000 00500000 00 750000 00 1111400 00403400 00 1st Jeremiah Wilton 2d 34 4th 157117744 lOf fr 8978 65 7420 no 10000 00 481444 03 261800 00 440 on 137926 86 34470 21 40 00 in'i 10626 26 217723 90 289 92 46031 50i 5 00 Diet 4th William Wileox 5th Mickley LIVISOKTOX 1st Hall Alexander Benedict tCKlKlC Charles enton MACOMB Peter Bcharz Seth Shetlerljf ElUhaMcad MAKQCETTK AC William Healy MIDLAND AC James KLockwood movkoc 1 John Stevens Juel Dusseau Charlm Malet MOXTCALMLeri Camburn xrsKcoox Henry 11 Holt XKWATGO Charlew Dean OtKIAVn Iloratia Wright Dean Warner Enuitus Spaulding OSTOVAGOX Luther Emerson OTTAWA MowesI) Hopkins Wales Storrs 8AGI3AW Taylor George Newcombe BAM LAC Irael Htickin STIIAWASrSK 8 Titus rar ontL Charlee Ixx ke ClAIR Marcus Mlles Juhn Newell George A un ton ST JOSEPH 1st William Eek Orrin Howard Lafayette Parsons TCSCOLA Alson GrccnfcLl VAX BCKKV Wool man Amon 8 Brown WASHTEXAW John 8 Jenncas Thomas White Jeremiah I Corn 4th Sampson Barker WATXE 1st Jared atchen Thomae I Hawley Patrick McGinnis rowns Aidan Minot Zane Charles Chanrin Clifford Smith George Swift Jared A Sextan Aor x1 OorrtspoadeneE of The Detroit ree Pre Laxsjxc Jan 2 CAUCU3 NOMINATIONS The members elect of the two Houses of Zboth parties met In caucus last evening for the 'purpose of fixing upon the elective officers of xhe two Houses The Democratic members met in the Supreme Court ronm and the Re publieans in their respective chambers DEMOCRATIC HOUSE NOMINATIONS James Patchen was choen chairman and 8 JL fchctterly secretary The nominations were made tica voce as follows I Speaker Hon John QMcKeman of Houghton county ClerkCharles Butler of Ingham Engrossing and Enrolling Clerk Henry Starkey of Wayne Berg eant at Arms Luther Palmer of Wash tenaw ireman Henry Locke of Livingston The Democrats made no Senate nominations republican senate nominations Secretary Thomas IL Glenn of Berrien Engrossing and Enrolling Clerk II uller Hillsdale (Sergeant at Arms Capt urinton of Branch KBPlTBLldkN HOUSE NOMINATIONS Speaker Hon Dean Warner of OaklandClerk Jones of Ingham Engrossing and Enrolling Clerk A Hall of Livingston Bergeant at Arms Pratt of Berrien The vote for Speaker Warner 39 "Woodman ol Van Baren 17 8 Titus Parsons of Shiawassee 8 Jas A Bweezey of Barry 6 bnt one ballot being taken MEMBERS INELIGIBLE Among the members of the Honse are threegentlemen holding the office of Regent of the Messrs Walker of Wayne Swec oey of Barry and Willard of Calhoun By the of the Constitution which prohibits from folding a seat in the Legis lature these gentlemen are clearly ineligible as the late change in the Constitution by which the Regents are elected by a general vote of the fjtatc instead of by districts makes them State But our moral and law abiding Re publicans will override this provision of the Constitution as they do every other which xitands in the way of the accomplishment oftheir purposes and retain the gentlemen named in their scats quieting their consciences they have any by the pretext that the Consti tution docs not mean that kind of a State tTM DETROIT REE PRESS THURSDAY JANUARY 3 1867 11 Sth 119th red Curtemus Albertus Green James Turner Child 22d I LatoureUe XViHawH 4rrrB JtUIKC A ChaM CroweHi24th MHIUna Hanbo ra sjono a dtHDew IT Tamm a nazene rDZiu 'mm aa ta Victor Collier 27th Nathan Bradley Grge A Hmitb i28lh Hampton Rich Luce 122th Henry SeymourJonathan Wait '30th Israel Carlton sie gospel but ze npister 1(lt The President Informed him that those post 2d ilona were unfortunately all filled The npnli I cant therefore named lower office as one that would suit him and his pertinacity led him I 3d down through the entlrecivil list and meeting fwith no better success he commenced at the I 2d hz 1'irljir Tlipn Xf lri I 31 VI UMV 4IAA445 said he 1 would like to be one Major The President informed him that there were but a limited number of Major Gen 1 1st Jared II Emery i erals Well then make me von Brigadier I Unfortunately there were no va 1st eancics Mr President make me von The Members of the Legislature I have never been able to believe at any time that the system was either a good ore or war ranted by the terms of the grant To me the idea of draining lands by building roads whkds are to be laid out over the most eligible routes for roads is fallacious The construction of a road from one elevation to another across a basin of water or a swamp does not certainly furnish an outlet for and cannot possibly drain that basin The only way of effectually drain ing our extensive traits of low wet lands is by opening ditches through their sinuous depres sions following tlie natural drain until an outlet is found Nor has the system thus adopted been used solely for the purpose of opening up the un settled portions of our State by Inritinff and encouraging settlers therein but It also been made available to a greater or less extent for the promotion of personal interests and for the advancement of private ends regardless of the public good As a rule I believe the whole system to have beenanexpensivefailure There are certainly exceptions in the case of particular roads but they are the exceptions only I say an expensive failure because we have already appropriated more than one million acres of these lands equal in value to the same number of acres of any wild lands in the State as the very best would undoubtedly be the first taken for these roads and which I apprehend are of equal or greater value than the balance of the entire donations as large quantities of what now remain are very probably of little value if not actually worthless An idea vjry generally prevailed in the" beginning that all of these lands because designated were of little consequence But this was erroneous for whilst only a portion of them were low and wei difficult to be reclaimed and without timber of any value other portions were amongst the most valuable lands In the State This appropriation of the lands although as I believe a misapplication of the grant has cu doubtedly in some instances been productive of much good and might have been so as a general rule had it not been that its practical workings opened a door through hich inter ested parties might feel encouraged if not ac tually invited to seek the location of new roads more with a view to increase the chances of ac quiring these lands at a small cost that with any desire to promote thereby the ad vancement of the general good Perhaps none of the labdr expended upon anv of these roads has been wholly lost al though in many cases it will ultimately prove? of very little real value The location of many of the roads could certainly have been delayed for a time without serious injury to any one because the unsettled condition of the country through which they were laid did not imme diately require them and I have very little doubt that in many instances they will be aban doned and other more desirable routes estab lished by the settlers themselves when the country is opened Had the roads been limited to some of the more important routes neccssary for opening main thoroughfares betw een impor tant pointe and such as were required in this particular to the actual wants of the set tlers many of the difficulties which have btea experienced would have been obviated One of the consequences resulting from the premature and almost indiscriminate location of these roads was the great depreciation in value of the Swamp Land occasioned by throwing upon the market a quantity so far in excess of the demand If we admit the propriety of using these lands for the construction of roads the better policy would have been to appropriate their caoh pro ceeds for this object The choice lands would undoubtedly have sold for cash at their mini mum price provided that had been the only mode by which they could have been secured and the interest alone upon the cum thusJ eol ized if judiciously expended would have been the roads as fast as really needed byany considerable number of actual settlers Roads are certainly of no great con sequence without settlers and the proceeds ol a portion of these lands might have been more profitably used in an effort to aid immigration I have never supposed that it was to be the tlcd policy of this State to construct long lines of road through the almost unbroken wilder ness to accommodate a very few or to enhance the value of property owned by spceuIaO's nndLespeeiaUy to at a time when tnevalwof the scrip Is merely nominal and theeoA labor so excessively high However well devised this system may have seemed to those by whom it was originated vet practically it is full of the most senous difficul ties The Governor tor instance is made res ponsible for all the no only of tht com missioners but of the contractors When a contract is presented for his approval he is re quired to judge if it be reasonable and right or otherwise ana wnen won is accepted ue is required to know if it has been faithfully per formed and this knowledge can by no possi bility as an established fact be derived from the papers themselves The road stipulated to be built may have been located through a new and unsettled region in which case the require ments of the contract may be a fair equivalent for the price stated On tlm other hand if laid out either holly or partially over an eld road already built the settlers along its line or over a tract of country having little or no tim ber upon which in either case only a email amount of labor would be necessary to com plete the required work then the price stated may be excessive How then is the Governor to know whether he should approve or reject anyarticular contract when presented to him? fact many of these roads have been laid ont In such a manner that contractors have acquired their lands at trifling cost by merely brib ing up and patching old roads through set tled parts of the country or by expending a small amount of labor over those portions hav ing but littje timber to be removed whilst sec tions of the same roads leading through an en tirely unsettled timber district have been un touched A difficulty no less serious occurs in the case of acceptances It is true the Governor may send a special agent to examine the work accepted by the commissioner yet upon the personal presentation of this acceptance by the contractor for perhaps only one half mile of road work situated fifty or one hundred miles off he could hardly feel justified in sending the contractor home again without his pay until a special commissioner' could be sent at much cost to the State so long a distauce in order ascertain if the acceptance was proper wmen the Governor must either do or sanction tee action Of the commissioner as a mere formal ity It must Therefore be very evident that under all these circumstances to relieve the commissioner of all responsibility in fact by placing it upon the Governor i to say the least very impolitic The care and responsibi lity of these roads should not certainly be placed upon this officer for with all his other official labors it is not to be expected that d' could devote to this work the necessary time to protect either the interests of the State or ofthose who are'to be directly benefited by the proper construction of these roads the existing system of appropriating swamp lands for roads is to be longer contm ued some competent officer should beappomt ed to have the charge and supervision of these really extensive public works who could devote his entire time to the task if necessary and who should be made responsible for the proper and judicious expenditure of the appropriations made for this object i There are other objectionable features in tne present system of building these roads but their rnnTncralion here is unnecessary i You Will not I trust infer from these views tliat I am opposed to extending legislative aid to any portion of our State anu especially to those which are new and unsettieo 1 by the building of roads or otherwise so (this may be legally and judiciously done io 4 lam not Butit is my duly as well as custodians of the public interests for the time being to see to it that we do not seek a ble end through improper or dotibtful nicans The policy of building roads swamp lands has so long prevailed ao not feel disposed to assume the of recommending its discontinuance no yee I may be permitted to ask that it vour hands that deliberate consideraon its importance demands' Examine careraLy every measure which may be brought beo'e Continued on 4th 1'OgcJ Colonel von Captain von Corporal I vant Republican" 79 Democrat" 21 Those marked some General Jackson regretted that were the only position which he had at his disposal or cratic members from Detroit except Mr Haw to which he could recommend the applicant was I ley will be contested by their Republican com that of a high private in the regular army The pctitors who from the uniform practice of that party will of course get them law or no law five brightened for a moment an jadetood that Mr McGinnis will fall til his powers of vision began to penetrate the back ujxm an alleged miscount in the Sixthcloud of smoke which arose from the Ward of Detroit in support of bis claim to his rnm coh the have meerschaums BCat Bhuld hc bc ousted on the ground of the corn cob pipe they man nave meerschaums rcjcctjon of the Villh sixth Ward returns aa those days said bc you mean dis the Board of County Canvassers Tbc seat place where zay forward march wiz zc musket of Mr Chauvin of the second district of Wayne and shoulder arm The replied the county is also to bc contested General The rage became un controllable and he broke out in this style: Things in New The new year day President damn Congrce go fair to be ushered in with an Irruption of new to hell I go biick to Philadelphia journalistic enterprises Sweeteer late of the Jlowid Table announces the debut of theiven nd set up my barbcr One disappointed Gazette Protestant Church man is to African has found that the only use which the be aa the organ of the Evangelical Republican party has for him is to Episcopalians with Rev Dr Tyng (on ait) as inarch wiz zc musket and shoulder and distinguished politician formerly acting witti las wisely concluded to go and re erect his bar the Republicans but now consorting with the Ler pole Democracy purchasing one of the down town liquor at the capital evening papers with a view of making it a sort Tor some time past the open sale of liquor in Albany Argue besides which it is probable Mr Charles A Dana will be showing his hand Ianslng has been almost entirely prevented by goon ln thc gamo Hnc of buslnC88 ft to bc the efforts of the temperance people to enforce hoped that all these clever gentlemen will meet the liquor law The advent of the members of I with the success their enterprise and readiness the Legislature has however changed all this and nowthe ardent is peddled from the bars now making much money they had better freely as ever and probably thc tap will run lay in a good stock of courage and confidence during thc This is perhaps good policy I wejl os an Illimitable supply of greenbacks on the part of the friends of coercive temper Il 4 rr Shorna tb rtngeoe of the law to bear directly on thc members of the I wiU jn the postage upon letters and legislaturc rrOr in other words should the newspapers conveyed by British packets or xaembers find themselves deprived of their partly by British and partly by United States liquor Ibo uiixaij ralgbt ooodae to kick it and its advocates into ome Plutonian depths i reduction the rates of postage to the places where the trump of thc rcsfliTectioii mpfn hereinafter named will be as follows! Upon would not reach them letters from Guadaloupe Hayti and Martinique 1 1 via tEnglaud 29 cents per single rate of half an state board of education I ounce and upon newspapers four cents each The State Board of Education meets here to prepaymentwequired Upon letters for Porto day About the only business that will engage Rico Jamaica and other Wcet India Islandsuueuo bmevakb olos in thc corps of the Normal Schoo) They ounce and upon newspapers four cents each will also have before them the question of sola 1 prepayment required MJUALinCATTONfi 0 to Tfce Stale Baard Edueatlaw is to the credit of the gentlemen of a military lt record that they have not very generally sacrl 31 chandler! I Rockwood ficcd their self respect by turning office seekers One American citizen of African deoccnt who okatiot had lost a limb in the military service applied for every office at the disposition of the powers jt Srephen CannlfT i xi 1 I AJ I a zkzi down to that Of boot black MeCu'xbeon unsuccessful in all left the I uocohtok disgust lie reminds us ol nrro Of a renchman who went to I Caleb II Gallup I 1 1MOHAM INANCE ull and detailed statements of thc condition 1 of each department of the State Government will undoubtedly in due time bc laid before you by the several Ificers upon whom that duty by law devolves and to them I respectfully refer you There never has lieen in the history or the State a period when its financial aflairs were in a more prosperous and flourishing condition than at thc present time The following statement exhibits the receipts and disbursements of the State Treasury for the fiscal year ending Nov 30th 1866 and also the several balances as shown by the account viz: Thc receipts into thc Trcasury were $23 0 392 50 and were derived from the following sources vizi Balance of cah in the Treasury Dec 1 7865 Received onaccount of Generalnnd Internal und Hte Marie Canal und War und i Suspense Account und Primary School und I Primary School Int und University und University Interest und Normal School und1 Normal School Int und Land und Swamp l4nd Int und Asylum und State "Building und Total receipts $2370392 50 Tlie payments from the Treasury amount to1791385 18 and were us follows namely Paid on account of General und AIlKiriUM AlUri UTOIuvu re TTtind SteMarie Canal Relief und War nnd War Sinking: und a Primary School und Primary School Int v' und A Univerritv nnd' A'n "i Wnrmal School und Normal Int R' und Swamp Land und Swamp land loL ufd Asylum und State Building und Total payments 1 791386 18 Leaving a balance in the Treasury Nov 30 1866 679007 32 $2370392 50 The subject may pontibly be brought to the attention cf the Legislature and an ap propriation be psked to enable the Board to ad vance the saJariea of teachers sosne wbax i rom our owirOorrwpCBdeBt Lassisg Jan 1 1607 Everything is in confusion ax the State Capi tol to day Members are arriving quite freely' and it is thought about two thirds of the entire Legislature are hereThp Atyef consideration with alm ost every onc' to find quar ters STATE officers and depedes The new State officers appeared in thc Senate cbaMber in a body at 10 to day and were sworn intooffice by the retiring Secretary of State Hon Jas Porter The ceremony was merely a formal one unattended With any parade The new State officers with their sub ordinates so far known are as follows Secretary of State Gen Spaulding Deputy Geo House re appointed Auditor General GemWm Humphrey Deputy 8 Bingham re appointed State Grosvenor no deputy named ConunMioner of Land Office General Ben jamin Pritchard Deputy Cyrus Hewitt thc late Commissioner 4ffomey Geiierai GenWL Stoughton Superintendent of Public Oramel Hosford Deputy Stebbins reappointed It will be seen that the subordinate appoint ments have a lees sprinkling of the military ele ment than might have been expected the martial character of the principals THE GOVERNOR Apartments have been prepared at the new hotel for the Governor but Governors cannot be expected to live in a houe that nobody keeps any more than other folks hence Gov Crapo is temporarily quartered with Hon John A Kerr 'J THE SENATE AND HOUSE At the commencement of the session the pub lication of a correct list of the members of the Legislate is desirable and I therefore give the following official list SENATE il7th Wm William Nathao Btely committed for the time being should seek out (be eMEM with a view to their removal I am dnriy of the opinion that one of the principal of these causes is the apathy and in difference with which the State authorities and people generally have ever regarded theaMect of tendgration whilst Wisconsin and other States lying west of us have made this a prominent feature in their system of State pol icy And looking to their own future prosper ity why should they not or the very best eapttai which any new country can possibly have is a hardy and intelligent class of pio neers men and women inured to habits of industry and labor seeking homes for themselvea and fiunilies the primary elements of wealth The over populated conn tries of Europe have long been making liberal investments of this kind of capital and as is ever the case those who have appreciated its worth and have been the most active in secur ing it will enjoy ite benefits whilst those who have undervalued it and made no effort for its acquisition must inevitably lose its advan tages There are unddubtedly other "causes why Michigan has not to day a population more proportionate to her advantages as compared with other States but this to my mind isthe principal one True political as well as indi vidual economy requires a judicious outlay of money Vo one I think will seriously assert that the husbandman is profuse and prodigal because he expends money for the purchase of the necessary seeds without which he cannot Possibly realize a crop We may now recover to some extent our lost ground by adopting some simple but judicious and well defined State policy in reference to this subject not a mere spasmodic effort to be limited by a single appropriation all advantages from which are sure to be lost by not being followed up but a system that shall be maintained until its benefits are realized And this is the more important from the present condition of he unsold Government lands within the State or more than ten years a large proportion of these lands have been wholly excluded from market in consequence of the several railroad Cffits and consequently in so far settlers ve been obliged to seek new lands elsewhere More recently extensiveland grants have been made and scrip issued therefor by the general Government for the endowment of agricul tural colleges the effect of which has been to send this scrip here in large quantities from almost every State in the Union not having Government lands within their limits Specu lators having purchased this scrip at a trifling cost have already entered largely among the most desirable of these "lands outside ofthe railroad limits Both causes operate to shut out the pioneer and debar improvement It is certainly desirable to have railroads but it is not for the interests of this State that our wild lands should be excluded from settlement year after year with a fair probability that a por tion at least of these roads will not be opened for a long time to come if ever through such means Without making any specific recommenda tions I recommend this whole subject to your serious consideration "hoping however that such legislation may be had as will in your judgment the most effectually lead to a more rapid increase of our population as well as to a more speedy development of our almost illimit able resources and also to the encouragement of the introduction of foreign capital as a ne cessary auxiliary to our own limited means for thc establishment of every kind of manufactures the facilities for which are here so abundant WAGON ROADS By an act of Congress approved June 20tb 1864 a grant of land was to this State for the construction of two wagon roads for naili tary and postal purposes one from Saginaw City to the Straits of Mackinaw and the other from Grand Rapids to the same point This act provided among other things said roads shall be located surveyed and constructed under the direction of such agents or commis sioners as the Governor may but no provision was made either for the payment of the services of such agents or for the expenses of the surveys This grant was accepted by an act of the Leg islature approved Mareh 16th 1865 wherein it was provided that the services aind jxpcnses of said commissioners as well as all expenses in cidental to the supervision of the survey con struction and completion of said roads should lie paid out ofthe State Treasury but that thcsame should bc reimbursed by the contractor or the contractors of sold roads and paid into the State Treasury The quantity of land granted was three sec tions to a mile of road to be taken from the odd sections only of the public lands not min eral nearest thc established lines of said roads As for much of the distance these roads must necessarily be located through those districts inj which all the land upon the odd sections have been reserved for railroad purposes the quan tity embraced in the grant can only be made up by taking those lying a long distance from the line of the roads and consequently their value would not be much enhanced by the location of the roads Being apprehensive from this as well as from other circumstances tuat me roads were surveyed and located parties could not be found who would undertake their con struction for the grants I deemed it advisable for the interest of the State to ascertain as a preliminary step whether such apprehension was well founded Accordingly one commis sioner only was appointed on each road for a specific purpose with instructions to collect and report to me certain facts Upon the re ceipt of these reports I became satisfied that the grant was not sufficient to secure the con struction of either of these roads which fact I communicated to our delegation in Congress at a personal interview in Washington with a view that a further grant might be secured if practicable The cost incurred by the commis sioners was very trifling and saved a large ex penditure which would have been required for the survey and loeotion of the roads and which wroibi hnvA hon lost to the State in case the roads were not ultimately built Nothing fur ther has been done in relation to this matter SWAMP LANDS AND STATE ROADS By an act of Congress approved September 28th 1850 nearly six million acres of Swamp os they were were donated to this State to enable her as expressed in said act construct the necessary levees and drains to reclaim the It was also fur ther expressly provided by the terms of the grant that the proceeds of said lands whether for sale or direct appropriation in kind shall be applied exclusively as far as necessary to the purpose of reclaiming said lands by means of the levees and drains This immense grant was accepted by an act of the Legislature approved June 28 1851 in which it was expressly provided in accordance with the terms and condi tions contained in the act of cession that all the money received from' the sale of said lands shall be and remain' a fund for the purpose of ireelaiming said lands in conformity with the provisions of thc I This grant then was made for a specific pur pose and the good faith of the State became pledged that such purpose should be faithfully not only by the act of acceptance but also by the terms of the law by whichsuch acceptance was indicated i By an act of the Legislature approved ebru ary 12 1859 a system was inaugurated for construction of roads with proper ditches and drains through the more unsettled parts of the State where such lan ds a re chiefly and which is declared to be in the opinion of the Legislature one oi tne most emciem means of effecting that viz: the reclaiming of said lands To carry out this plan and to ac complish the proposed object a large amount of statute machinery was set in motion and ten irnnia of the aggregate length of 1150 miles 'were ordered to belocater and built the cx Ipense thus cratetOjbe from the prpceeAi of these lands is In all this the original purpose of the grant in my judgment seems to have been lost sight of for by the very terms of the law the roadswere to be located the most direct and eligible routes between the places Itbat is upon the inoat eligible routes for build ing roods without any reterence to the drainage and reclamation of the lands Thus a splendidscheme on paper was devised fbr roads which has ever since been a prolific 'source not only of legislation but pf trpubJe STATE DEBT The funded and fimdabie State debt Novem ber 30 ht 25 and is made upaa follows town: Bte Mart Qlfti Bonde LBag'r''da Jan 156 that be and bcin capital in the story I JV if A General Jackson for an office After cxchang 1(i pcn Kedzle lag the necessary courtesies our rench friend 24 Informed the President that he would like to be jMbert Smith appointed as zc not ze minister of I Abie! SKtannard HIt 1 Woodard Daniel Upton William Brown KALAMAZOO Antnony is ManonOrville II ellows KK VT Holomon King" bury Thoma" Slayton fvman Murray 4tb Edward Jewell uwrpuy1 Samuel WHiiL nuisMn a VTar Bounty Bonda Ts due My War Loan Bonds eaUed Ip January 1st ism J1S5JB0 of IxaBop Total bonded debt Nov 301866 $37921 The Treasurer says in his annua! report that If the present policy of investing the recepta of the Educational untffn'our State Rmda is continved the amount thus recaved added to SeMmwd levy of 3 ld of amill for the staking fund will probably be sufficient to pay the State debt as fast as it TUB TEUSB END DEBT This debt is madd up of ffie following items Prtmi'ryScbooi unlZ 7i ive per eent Primary School I end 138630 71 UnivetyUDd 279565 Yiuka 4177 03 1 728403 In connection wl th Jbe doregoing statement I invite your attention to the annual report of the State Treasurer The policy of the State in relation to its financial aflairs for scveral years past has been to raise by taxation from year to year the ne cessary funds to meet all its ordinary and inci dental expenses leaving the Sinking und to be applied to the extinguishment of the State debt I would most earnestly recommend a continuance of this policy the direct tendency of which is to restrain profuse and extravagant appropriations of money for present expendi tures that must be paid in the future for it is an admitted fact that more caution and discri mination are invariably used in creating an ex penditure when the money is to be paid than when it is to be realized by in curring anew debt therefor which is to be met hereafter So long as we adhere to this prac tice lhe financial aflairs of the State can never become deranged or embarrassed OUR ITS PRESENT CONDITION AND TURE DEVELOPMENTS Permit me here to call your attention to the vast undeveloped resources of Michigan and to thc feet that the material interests of the State in their future development demand legislative action In my inaugural message to the Legislature Of 1865 I dwelt with particularity upon this subject It is not necessary to repeat here what I then said and its importance as connect ed with the growth and prosperity of Michigan has in no degree lessened The variety and extent of our mineral depos its arc not equaled by those of any other State in this Union situated upon the eastern slope of the continent rnd still it is fairly to be pre sumed that as yet we know very little of their magnitude New discoveries of mineral wealth are being made almost every day by individual enterprise which is more the result of accident than of any proper system of research and Investigation' These vast "deposits should in some way be made available to promote the rapid increase of population and wealth and the consequent prosperity of our State To this end sooner or later a thorough geo logical survey by competent and scientific men should be undertaken at thc public expense and steadily prosecuted to a complete and suc cessful termination not a superficial and par tial exploration of particular districts where minerals are already known to abound but a geological survey of the whole State This alike demanded by the interests of agriculture manufactures and commerce And in this work the character of our State its extended area and ifreaX juinerul resonreeB TequlrC that no illiberal or contracted jxjlicy be adopted Such a survey I believe would bc of infinitely more value to us than all it will cost and then it is due to ourselves as well as to the cause of progress that we know what resources we ac tually possess Whether the time has yet arriv ed for this undertaking I submit to your judg ment and discretion my ow opinion is that It should receive thj earliest attention and that in view of its national importance we have a right to expect and ehould not only ask but urge the aid and co operation of the Gen eral Government i In connection rwith this subject there is another proposition of no less impor tance to which 1 would call your attention I refer to the establishment of a school for thc especial study of the sciences and arts relating to mines and minerals which is a necessity for the proper education of our citizens in this im portant subject of mining and metallurgy Without this we cannot hope to realize all thc advantages of ourrich deposits" or protect our selves from cupidity and imposition as well os lhe consequent dis appointment that must re sult from the employment of persons whose characters and qualifications we have nd means of knowing Congress having long since aban doned the idea of" making the public lands a further source of revenue it appears to me that a nortion of the nnblic domain could be unite as appropriately devoted to the establishment of such a school as for any other object I there fore suggest that the attention of Congress be called to this subject and that we ask for such a donation as will enable thc State to establish eueh school We have also other than mineral resources which are of little less importance Among these arc our fisheries our immense forests of valuable timber and last but not least the great extent of our fertile but as yet unsettled agricultural lands the value of which has never yet been appreciated It is the province of wise egislation to make all these available for the growth and prosperity of the State Still how ever valuable such resources maybe that value is but nominal until developed by the applica tion of labor science skill and capital Legis lation then to be useful must be directed to bring into contact all these elements of indus trial growth This maybe done in various wav lint mainlv bv invitinff settlers upon our territory and encouraging the introduction of skill and capital In my "previous "message took occasion to urge upou the attention of the Legislature the importance of adopting some Judicious meas ures for increasing immigration to our State os one of the most effectual means of reaching the desired end My own views however as expressed upon meet with favor legislative action in that direction believing as I still do that some system may be devised an 1 adopted whereby a mod erate expenditure for this object would be pro ductive ofthe most beneficial results 1 will again venture to bring the subject to the notice of the Legislature trusting that it may receive at your hands that' deliberate consideration which! most sincerely believe its importance demands and would call your attention to that part of my former In which this 'sub ject 16 discussed Other facta not there alluded to I deem of sufficient import ance in connection "with this subject to be stated here Micbicnn was admitted into the (Union as one of the States in 1837 having then a population of about 200000 at which time the population of Wisconsin was leas than 30 000 In 1860 the population of Michigan not i withstanding the fertility of her soil the gene nd salubrity of her cMmate unsurpassed ilxV this respect by any of the Western States if by any State in the the natural advantages other geographical her proximity to markets for all her produettons and her great natural resources was 749113 only whereas) the population of Wisconsin (with a territory less in area by several thousand squarej miles had reached at that time 775881 exceeding that of Michigan by 28768' 1 1 These meta show conclusively that some po tent causes must have operated to produce a re suit so little to thc advantage of Michigan and i that the duty of tloee io whom her affairs are jK v' i Gentlemen cf tW Senate and of House cf Repre In assuming fbr the second time at thecall of Her people the functions of Chief MagUtkate of this prosperous Commonwealth I tender to them through you my gratitude for this re newed expression of theti confidence sna while receiving with respect this marked token of approval in the "past 'and acknowledging tts nffrnat in the fixture I would pledges to labor constantly for the promotion of the public welfare and to be guided in the dis charge of my official duties solely by the de liberate convictions of right i In obedience to the constitution and laws of the State you are now assembled as the repre sentatives of the people for the purpose of en acting such laws as the public interests demand and such also as are required to preserve and maintain individual rights to secure public order and tranquillity and to pro mote the pros perity and happiness of the people of Michigan Upon thus assembling I am required not only by the express provisions of the constitu tion but by custom to give information by message of the condition of the State and re commend tojou such measures as I shall deem expedient In the acceptance of our respective trusts we have given our constituents assurance that they shall be faithfully and conscientiously discharged and that the official authority thus conferred shall not be abused nor used for any other purpose than that of securing and main taining the general good Let a consciousness of this obligation inspire us at all times and under all circumstances with an unyielding pur pose to remain firm in the discharge of duty and to deliberate carefully yet earnestly and promptly upon every subject submitted for consideration But standing here as we now do upon the very threshold of another legislative term and before proceeding to the performance of its obligations let us remember our dependence upon Him who is not only the Ruler of the Universe but the law giver of all nations and from whom cometh all knowledge and wisdom Let U3 now and at all times invoke His aid for He alone can guide us aright in the hour of doubt and difficulty 1 When these balls were last occupied by repre sentatives of the people of this State a fratrici dal war was raging in our land Rebels and traitors with deadly hate had conspired to de stroy the Union and as a consequence to over throw our republican institutions which have made Michigan with her sister States not only a great nation but a prosperous peaceful and happy people The mind 'was then anxious and troubled and deeply solicitous for the future But by the "help of Heaven and the strong arms and unyielding wills of tee loyal and patriotic men and women of Michi gan and of the nation this enemy to our liber ties has been subdued andhlsfell purpose de feated The roar of cannon and the strife of war are no longer heard our land and our hearts are no longer pained with the repeated news ofthe carnageof battles and the slaughter of our true and gallant fellow citizens the patriot soldiers who so nobly and generously at the hazard of their lives volunteered their services to preserve "the altars of liberty and to save from destruction a nation of freemen have also been preserved by a beneficent Providence from the ravages of contagious disease and pestilence has not permitted to visit us The work of thc laboring man and thc toils ofthe husbandman and of the artisan have been abundantly rewarded and the tradesman and professional man have also shared in the general prosperity Peace has succeeded war at home and we enjoy friendly relations with foreign powers Let us seek thm to merit a continuance of these mercies by a proper appreciation of these blessings and so far as in us Iles to secure in the future the prosperity of our noble State I need not remind you of the fact tlxat the late rebellion has imposed upon the people not only high but even excessive rates of taxation and that for a long time to come this burden will leave to be borne by every Industrial inter est of the Commonwealth And although It be true that so long as we are favored with general thrift and prosperity continues to smile upon us this will cause no serious embarrassments yet we should remember that In the whirl of human events changes are liable to occur at al most any moment whether anticipated or not by which difficulties may result from this bur den We should also remembern making ap propriations for objects not now really neces sary and which may be postponed for a season that the present is a time of inflated prices and of fictitious values and that consequently at such a time in expenditures of this kind the most rigid prudence and economy should be olscrved At the same time in providing for the maintenance of our State Institutions and for the support of our State government wc should bc just and even liberal without being profuse or extravagant In other words our economy and retrenchment should be applied to such outlays as can be dispensed with for the present without serious loss or inconvenience and not to such os have imperative claims upon us and which demand at our hands a liberal policy In the latter class should be included the wants of the benevo lent and humane Institutions of the State Bat all legislation having for its object the advancement of mere local or private and interests and especially when such legislation requireBthe appropriation of money should be made with great caution and not until it shall clearly appear that although local and personal in its nature yet the whole people of the State cither directly or indirectly are to be in some substantial way benefited by it 4th Mb Cth 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 15th Chas CUW i31L John Standih 16th Warrtn Chapman 32d Thomas Brown Republieaiw 30 Democrat 2 Thoe marked with a were members of the Ixet Senate HOUSE REPRESENTATIVES Republican in Roman Democrats in olic XtLKOAN Dirt William Packard 2d Thoma" Shepherd M4Kkr 1st Tame A Sweezey 24 Richard Jonee txr Theophilus Grier Brnmen let Charles Brown 2d John Glavin 3d Evan Honine biiaxcw John Jont 2d Jaliim Barber 3d Isaac Beall CALH0C1 Int Manin Haven 24 Harvey Randall 3d George Willard CMS 7t Hi nry Wellie 2d Leander Osborn CLISTOK Int Sidney 1 1 Alexander 2d Stephen Peart KATOM let William Tomnkina 2d rhincae Spaulding 0BXK81E Diet 1st aul Gies Alaneon Bneie Oliver Abel Charles Andrews Charle Draper Geonte Peter 234 Andrew HowelL 25th Eaeene Genrge A Smith.