The Tennessean from Nashville, Tennessee • Page 19

THE NASHVILLE TENN BACKGROUND POLITICS PEOPLE IN THE NEWS if ft ifl I (z SUNDAY MORNING SEPT. 17, 1961 Section Sch For Davidson County Schools' Sixth Grade 'Scientists' oo on asnnj I mil S'K i r4r3 I I I I ytv II ill II Does Job Experimental Classes Show Value of Coming Channel 2 By EUGENE OIETZ "TDUCATIONAL TELEVISION is becoming a valua-ble ally of teachers in programs geared to moving their students at a swifter pace along the paths of learning, Supt. J. E. Moss of the Davidson County school system believes.

Moss says that a test given the county's sixth graders who took part in a pilot science class taught by a county teacher over a commercial television station last year bears this out clearly. rrn Jgf'4 The sfeyw of the scientific 1 I LJii Irmation 3- possible VfSE ill il i I'v I Am Xv 1 1 I II 'l ill I Staff photos by Gerald Holly fPOl PC nese 'xtn Kaders, who had only the sys-OIUUr tern's conventional science program and who did not watch the TV science classes, fared the worst. Their average score was 6.7, the national average. Posing for thest pictures were Jack Freeman, Clendale sixth-grader, and his teacher, Miss Edna Jackson. iDOl IP A.

avidson County students who watched the vKUUi rl system's sixth grade science class on tele- vision last year and had classroom follow-ups by teachers were almost a year ahead of the national average in the course when tested. The national average was 6.7 (sixth year, seventh month); this group's average was 7.6. PDOI IP These 8raders wno nad regular class- vrvvUr D. room instruction in science but watched the TV science class without a class follow-up, averaged 7.3. This placed them well ahead of the national average but behind their fellow students in rooms where ETV got a helping hand from classroom teachers immediately after the telecasts.

after tomorrow, will be taught by Mrs. Peek, too, and will be taped re-runs of last year's programs. Seventh and eighth grade Spanish class at 9:30 a.m. each Monday and Wednesday over WLAC-TV. Mrs.

Eva Pilkinton, a teacher at Hillwood High, will teach this course. Miss Frazier summed up the purpose and value of the up-coming television programs with: "The children who watched the telecasts and had classroom activities tied in with the TV demonstrations simply learned faster," eaid Moss. Because of this, he said, the county Is adding two more subjects to be taught over TV this year. These classes, In science and In Spanish, begin this week. The TV classes will be watched by thousands of students In the county school system, as well as by pupils In the Nashville ays-tern, David Lipscomb and by children in 14 city and county school systems In Middle Tennessee and Southern Kentucky.

Forerunners The courses to be watched by these Btudenta are forerunners of the which will be aired within a few months by the joint Nashville-Davidson County educational television station, to operate on Channel 2. Of the sixth grade experimental program last year, Moss said: "Wt had 4180 sixth graders in our system during the year. We divided these students into three groups, with about the same number in each and with equal representation for all sections of the county." Moss "said that one group watched the twice-a-wcek telecasts and then had television-related follow-up work in their own the system's television operations committee. Basis for Future Said Mies McDonald: "With the results of the tests last year as a basis for action, all of the fourth and sixth grade pupils in the Davidson County schools will have the classroom teaching in science supplemented by television teaching and television lesson-related guides and teacher workshops during the 1961-62 school year." MUs Eva Frazier, curriculum coordinator for the school system, listed the ttiree television courses to be aired this fall as: Fourth grade science class, to be taught at 8:30 a.m. every Monday and Wednesday over WSIX-TV.

These classes, to be taught by Mrs. Peek, will begin tomorrow. Sixth grade science class, to be presented at 9 a.m. Tuesday and Thursday over WSM-TV. These courses, to start the day that 1760 students will watch the class in Spanish.

School systems, other than the -Nashville and Davidson County schools, to use the educational television programs will be David Lipsfcomb here in Nashville, the city systems of Murfreesboro, Tullahoma, Clarksville, Camden, Lebanon, Fayetteville and SheU -byville, and the city system of Glasgow, Ky. County systems include Allen County, -and these Tennessee counties Putnam, Maury, Macon and Wil- "Education television Is still new to Davidson County," said Moss. "But two things seem certain. Television, as a medium of instruction, has established itself as an integral part of the educational process, just as the book did 500 years ago. "And, secondly, there Is the realization that the full potential of television as a teaching tool has by no means been realized.

We think that ETV will be a great aid in solving one of our most pressing problems the de- r', velopment of a higher quality of education." ma i II On the' Inside: l-Term Limit Has Drawbacks Khrushchev Plays Hitler Hot Spot in Outer Space Terror in Uptown New York I TV classrooms by their teachers. The second group watched the telecasts, taught by Mrs. Grace Peek over WSM-TV, but did not have classroom programs tied in with Mrs. Peek's demonstrations. The third group, said Moss, had only the conventional sixth grado science classes and did not watch the telecasts.

Achievement Tests School authorities gave a standardized achievement test to the 4180 sixth graders during the seventh month of 1960-61 school year to measure the effectiveness of the TV teaching program, "The national norm, or the core expectancy for achievement as measured by the test, was 6.7 or sixth grade, seventh month," said Moss. Results: "The group with classroom teaching related to the telecasts scored 7.6, or seventh grade, sixth month," eaid Moss. "The group which watched the TV classes but did not have TV-related classroom aids scored 7.3. The group which had only the regular classroom science work with no help from TV scored 6.7." The Bixth grade science telecasts actually served as the pilot ehow which paved the way for cause for this situation, the demands of the public must be viewed realistically and met honestly." In a recent editorial to doctors, the New York State Journal of Medicine, citing an informal poll, took note of complaints of high costs and a lack of warm understanding from doctors. It added: "There was much praise too for skill and competence.

The people like and admire what we do, but they are less than enthusiastic about how we do it We will look better when we ARE better." Tighten up on extravagances in hospitalization and drug prescribing, pay closer attention to patients and take a human approach to their problems, It advised doctors. These things, it said, "would please our patients and might not do us a bit of harm as we face Into the winds of change." The wlnda of change have been blowing over modern medicine for some time. Today, for Instance, there is a whole class of patients, older people, with growing medical reeds, yet because of early retirement, less of an ability to pay. Dr. Leonard Larson, president of the AMA, says: "The AMA realizes that many Americans have difficulty In meeting their medical care costs particularly for major Illnesses and medical emergencies.

"It firmly believes that we must see to it that every person receives the quality and quantity of medical help necessary to meet his needs regardless of his ability to pay." Winds of Change The same winds of change have led to the ges of supermarket medicine. Today you nilnht go to your doctor with fever, pains, a personal list of deblUtles, to return to bed with an arscnnl of antibiotics and comforting drugs. Yet before many of theso drugs were discovered, It might have taken the presence of the doctor and his constant personal attention to bring you through. And today, too, there Ii so S. Doctors Concerned About Their 'Image' Few sciences have made greater strides in recent decades than medicine.

Yet some of its very triumphs, have generated new problems, and some doctors believe their public image is ailing. Their prescription: more emphasis on the human equation. She Is able to reach thousands of children in one demonstration, which will be of help to many students. She has time to prepare her demonstrations and to gather materials. Some of the half-hour programs will require two weeks of preparation." Teachers in the classrooms will have the outlines of the courses and will follow through with 20-mlnute sessions after the TV class to answer questions and to amplify the material presented on the telecast.

Big Audience There will be 4773 Davidson County fourth graders watching the science class, and 3500 Nashville fourth graders, according to Miss Frazier. She said several thousand other Middle Tennessee youngsters will see the program, too. She said that the county has 4396 sixth graders who will take part in the sixth grade science program and that the city has approximately 3000. This class, too, wUl be viewed by students in other school systems. County authorities estimate rags; physician.

Another committee to decide whether a patient had been sent to a hospital without sufficient reason, or kept there too long. Still another committee to handle complaints from insurance companies. Individual Plans Some Individual societies are experimenting with health plans of their own. Several, like Portland, offer health insurance for residents who pay premiums. The premiums go Into a kitty from which doctors are paid.

When the kitty is low, doctors are expected to trim charges accordingly. So varied is the AMA and the opinions and attitudes of its members that all of these things can go on at once, some positive and some negative. Each day American doctors see some two million patients Memphis Country CORPUS CHRISTI, (AP)Dr. Hosea A. White, 78, silver-haired Corpus Christi physician, has delivered more than 16,000 babies in his half century of practice.

He will be presented with a golden certificate for 50 years of practice by the University of Tennessee Medical units Sept. 24 In Memphis. Dr. White practiced medicine In Northeast Mississippi after his graduation from the old Memphis Hospital Medical College. He came to Corpus Christi In December of 1915.

"When I came here there wasn't a drainage ditch er graded road In the county," he said. "They called me the 'country Those days were the best, he feels. "When I drove on my rounds In a horse and buggy I had time to think and pray between patients. Now with the auto there's no time for that." Cared for Poor Dr. White has provided extcn-slve medical care for the city's poor people In his unpretentious "Davidson County teachers believe that instructional television will make it possible to bring to the classroom people, special materials and facilities and places of interest and significance which would be difficult or impossible of access to a single class." And Moss put It this way: "First of all, only a truly superior teacher Is permitted to take over a class on television.

Page 2-B Page 5-B Page 3-B Page 3-B In 368 societies, less than half of the members attended meetings regularly. In 72 socities, less than a quarter of the members attended regularly. It is usually the older, better established doctor who finds his way up the AMA ladder from the local to the state societies to the national policy-m a i House of Delegates. It is a fact that 68 per cent of the members of the House of Delegates are 55 years of age or older. Yet only some 26 per cent of the AMA members at large are in this age bracket Between House of Delegates meetings, the burden of AMA policy is carried by the Board of Trustees which meets every six to eight weeks.

Its decisions guide the AMA staff. How well does this system speak for the individual doctor? A sampling of doctors in 1957 showed: Only a third thoifght a majority ran the AMA. Nearly half said they thought the AMA was run by a few doctors. Official Expfanation AMA officials explain it this way: the delegates, after a study of reports and discussion of problems are in a better position to make considered judgements than are members at large. However well the AMA represents the diverse opinions of thousands of U.S.

doctors, it does speak for them in national forums. And through the AMA come most of the unified moves to improve the profession and to solve its problems. Now the AMA is trying to get states to implement a law that provides federal money for distribution on a state level for the medical needs of elderly people the state deems as needy and unable to pay for their own. It is a plan the AMA hopes will fill a need it knows exists and at the same time keep the hand of government out of medical care. Meanwhile the AMA is keeping up Its fight In Congress to stop the government from providing medical care through social security.

Again this year, as It has for the last 10 years or so, the AMA has condemned the practices of some doctors who boost their fees when cases are covered bv health Insurance. It has also suggested strongest action against those doctors those few, it emphasizes who have violated medical ethics (something which is easier said than done.) To back up Its grievance committee which handle patient complaints at the local and state levtl, the AMA Is urging additional committees: One which would oversee physician costs, and have actual yardsticks for these costs with which to confront cither patient or Si I If the 1961-62 school year's expanded programs In the realm of educational television, said Miss Ruth McDonald, who Is one of the county's educational supervisors and is chairman of The 1961-62 educational television classes, prepared by the Davidson County School System, will begin tomorrow over Nashville's commercial television stations. The schedule: Fourth grade science 8:30 a.m. Monday and Wednesday over WSIX-TV. Sixth grade science 9 a.m.

Tuesday and Thursday over WSM-TV. Seventh and eight grade Spanish 9:30 a.m. Monday and Wednesday over WLAC-TV. much to know in medicine, probably no one man can contain it Now there are specialists, countless specialists. All but blotting out the familiar features of your family doctor, or so it may Medical care becomes a concert by full orchestra, instead of the artistic solo of the one man band.

It may be better medicine, but these factors have changed the public image of the doctor. The late Dr. Francis Peabody of Harvard used to tell his medical students years ago "The secret of the care of the patient is In caring for the patient." Now some doctors are wondering what happened to Dr. Pea-body's humanistic concept of doctor and patient. "The secret which many practicing physicians do not know is the powerful therapeutic influence they exert In the lives of their patients," explains Dr.

Leo H. Bartcmeir, Baltimore psychiatrist and head of the AMA's Council on Mental Health. "They are so frequently blind to the intense feelings their patients have for them and the way in which these feelings dissolve so many of their symptoms. "I strongly suspect that these feelings of trust, love and devotion are often far more responsible for the success of the treatment than the prescriptions, the injections and the other forms of treatment they administer." It Is time that we see that in achieving our great progress we have discarded so much of what was valuable throughout the centuries before," he added. If the winds of 1'iange have altered the public facade of medicine, then there Is little wonder today that doctors are aware and.

worried about the changes. Government Medical Care For some years, especially since the end of World War II, there have been repeated plans before Congress to bring gov-rrnmcnt Into the medical care picture. To fend off such plans, the AMA set up a lobby In Washington. Today, of a general Washington staff of 25, there are four registered lobbyists: a doctor, a lawyer and two former newspapermen. In moments of crisis in the and each day there may be formed some two million private, personal impressions of doctors.

The AMA's own discipline committee, in a report asking that the profession police itself before others do, observed: "For the past 4,000 years, the attitude of the public toward the physician has fluctuated between god-like veneration and man-like condemnation. However, It seems the public has generally expected more from physicians than from other' Individuals." Since probably no other profession is so closely concerned with matters of life and death, that could be expected. But it' would also appear that doctors themselves expect more from their fellow doctors than from other individuals. It's the nature of the job. UT Honors Doctor' office and hospital.

"For a delivery and complete post-natal care, I charged $25," he said. "Sure It was hard, but I made it with God as my partner." "I think doctors charge too much nowadays," Dr. White-said. "If they charge people who can't afford it $100 or $125 for an obstetrical case, they deprive the child they brought into the world of things it needs. "We will always have the poor.

That Is something the fortunate forget." But Dr. White is strongly against socialized medicine, "Socialized medicine would, cause the profession to deteriorate Instead of build," he said. "It would result in doctors having no Incentive or determl-. nation. "There are not enough doctors using prayer and common senso anyway.

They think all. the answers are In laboratories and X-ray machines." Dr. White, who will be 79 years old In January, Is semi-retired now. But he still treats, his old friends and any poor people who come to his office. "If they have money, okay; If they don't, okay," ha said.

"Just like always." By JOHN BARBOUR Associated Press Science Writer CHICAGO (AP) To-day in America there is a curious medical contrast: The patient seems fine. But the doctor is uneasy. For, although U.S. medical care is. perhaps the world's many U.S.

doctors are worried i Worrfed that their public image is slipping. Worried that older people with growing medical needs but a lessened ability to pay may turn to government for help. Worried that this foot on the door may permit government to oversee all medical care. Worried over dissatisfaction of patients and where their dissatisfaction stems from. And finally, worried about the need to remember the human being In the specialized, drug-filled, expensive, automated and Impersonal house that medical progress has built It's been called an era of supermarket medicine.

Public opinion letters from patients unhappy with their medical care or cost of it, attempts by Congress to tie phases of medical care to social security, all seem to bear the same message. It is of concern to many Individual doctors, and It Is of concern to the American Medical Association which represents some. of the 250,000 doctors liv the United States. In a never-before published study 1959, the AMA was told by pollsters It hired: Build up the standing of the profession as a whole. This.

Is not an easy task because many pcoplo (32 per cent) have had an experience with a physician that was so unsatisfactory that they would not go back to him. Increasing Criticism And a special committee of the AMA reported this year: "Today It would appear that the publlo Is looking with an increasingly critical eye at fallings and delinquencies of the physician. Irrespective of the past, the AMA has registered as many as eight lobbyists. Every day when Congress is In session, a staff member pores over the Congressional Record, noting bills of possible interest to doctors. Within three days the AMA has copies of those bills.

They are analyzed by a lawyer. Six times a year the 12-doctor Committee on Legislative Action meets to advise the AMA's course on these bills. The AMA may do nothing. Or it may offer data. Or it may offer to testify for or against.

In cases close to the AMA's heart notably anything that smacks of "socialized medicine" the lobbying staff goes to work. Member doctors in states are mobilized to work on public opinion at home, to wire their own congressmen, or to message friends In Congress. If a doctor has a patient who Is a congressman, then he may call that congressman to press home his point. AMA lobbyists also find ready allies In other lobbying groups a their combined pressure can be very strong. Dr.

Leonard Larson, "We must see 7 Once it was strong: enough to kick one bill back into committee from the floor of the House of Representatives. Last year the AMA testified or delivered statements on bills 40 times, but only five bills were crucial enough to contact congressmen. Thousand Tongues If the AMA's voice in Washington seems strong and unified, elsewhere the group seems to speak with a thousand tongues. It is in reality a loose confederation of some 2,000 local and state societies, often reflecting the various degrees of liberalism and conservatism of various parts of the coifntry. The AMA has little centralized authority.

It's only professional weapon is to deprive a doctor of membership, which may hurt, but may not mean disaster. Even in competing for a doctor's time, the AMA sometimes fails. One poll of some 1,200 local societies showed that rural societies had the best meeting attendance records, big cities the worst. AMA Piesident to it. 7 I AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA..