Hope Star from Hope, Arkansas • Page 1

If I The Byline of Dependability Hope VOLUME 193 Star of Hope, 1899; Press, 1927. Consolidated January 18, 1929. Star THE WEATHER Arkansas: Warmer this afternoon, warmer tonight in northeast portion with little temperature change elsewhere; scattered thundershowers in southwest portion this afternoon and tonight HOPE, ARKANSAS, SATURDAY, MAY 29, 1943 Associated Press Newspaper Enterprise Ass'n Last Phase of Attu Battle PRICE 5c COPY Our Daily Bread Sliced Thin by The Editor ALEX. H. WASHBURN The Food Subsidy Question Another of Inflation's Problems I If you have been following the debate in Washington over subsidy payments for food production you begin to realize the problems government is called upon to solve when it attempts to replace the natural law of supply and demand.

London Papers Speculate on Allied Invasion By EDWARD D. BALL London, May 29 1 IU talk dominated headlines today in most of London's newspapers which featured front page stories speculating an Allied blow was im" mincnt. Military writers had litllc concrete evidence, but some were spurred by the conclusion of Ihe Roosevelt-Churchill talks in Washington. Axis reports suggesting major action was a matter of days were carried prominently. One of these reports that landing craft were concentrated in Tunisian, Algerian and Moroccan ports was a favored it; topic.

The Rome radio repeated the story of the landings craft today. "The enemy intends to invade Ilaly with thousands of barges full of Marines under an enormous air umbrella," inilitnry commcnla- thp jadio, said in broadcasWicard by tho Associated Prctis. Tho commentator said if the Allies "attempt to land on oilr islands or on the mainland, Ihey may be able lo gain an initial foothold, but they woud soon come up against such a formidable defense that they would soon be thrown back once more." Under the heading "Navy is ready for biggest job," the Navy correspondent for the News Chronicle said: greatest naval operation in history is imminent. It will be a landing of an Allied army on the continent of Europe. The Navy is ready.

"Boat builders all over the country have for many months been constructing a great number of invasion barges. America already has built many thousands of similar craft. The construction of lions more tons of small naval craft is under way." The correspondent added that the merchant shipping situation evidently was satisfactory. lie said the index of Allied needs for the original North African landings were 2,000,000 tons and that 11,000,000 tons of shipping had been needed since. The Daily Express played up the combined Allied aerial assault on Germany and Italy and front- paged a headline saying: "Next move? We may take Pantellcria." Five Killed When Army Plane Falls Shreveport, May 29 Five men were killed and another injured seriously when an army medium bomber crashed and burned in making a take off from Selman Field at Monroe Thursday night, public relations officers announced.

The dead are: First LI. Glyn Edward Stephens, 23, phot, son of Mrs. and J. E. Second LI.

Norman Frank Brown, 26, co-pilot, wife Mrs. Sylil Brown. Shervcport, La. Second LI. Raymond Leslie Knolt, 24, bombardier navagator, mother, Mrs.

Minnie Knott, Springfield, Mass. Staff Sgt. Gerald F. George, wife Mrs. Mabel F.

George, Shreveport, La. Staff Sgt. Percy James Hamilton, 25, engineer gunner, mother, Mrs. Lilliam Hamilton, Willoughby Ohio. Seriously injured was Staff Sgt.

Richard F. Beners, 22, father is A. S. Bender, Cincinnati, Ohio. Me is in a hospital ascl- nicin field and is expected to recover.

The plane apparently struck telephone or telegraph wires after taking off and crashed on the Illinois Central railway right of way. Testifying yesterday before the senate agriculture subcommittee which is Inquiring into proposed use of subsidies to repay processors for a 10 per cent 'roll back" in the retail prices of butter, meats and coffee beginning in June, Food Administrator Davis said: "A general dependence on board subsidy payments would be dangerous and would fail as a means of holding down inflation permanently." At first glance the subsidy plan seems logical. War has disturbed the natural law of supply and demand. Government has an obligation to the salaried and other fixed- income classes of civilian society to sec that they are not crushed by an inflated cost of living. But the subsidy proposal raises these problems: Senator Aikcn, Vermont Republican: "How will subsidies be paid to the million small farmers who sell directly to the store (that is, not passing their goods through the big processing Senator Smith, South Carolina Democrat: 'It's the same old situation.

You take care of the big concerns and your small people will have to go out of business." The direct issue before the senate subcommittee is a bill to prohibit the Office of Price Administration from paying food subsidies unless authorized by congress. This is neither a legalistic debate political questions- It is the most serious problem confronting the nation, holding the well- being and happiness of millions of civilians in its clutch. When war raises the earnings of a nation tremendously one of two things must happen: Either the cost of living goes up in proportion, or government steps in and arbitrarily holds il down. The question before the congress right now is whether the American government can do that which government seldom has ever been able to do. Surely this is warning enough to dollar-minded union organizers, industrialists, and others whose influence has counted heavily in the councils of government in recent years, that there finally comes time when dollars can't solve our trouble.

For.dollars arc not wealth; they merely measure true wealth which is actual production of goods, in the factory and on the farm. River Crest Hits New High at Pine Bluff Little Rock, May 29 The crest of the Arkansas river's second record breaking flood in three weeks rolled past Pine Bluff today after gauging 33.78 feel there eight hundrcdlhs of a foot more than tho previous Pine Bluff high recorded in 1935. Still far out of its banks upstream despite a steady edd, the Fortresses Hit Leghorn Docks, Oil Refineries By EDWARD KENNEDY Allied Headquarters in North Africa, May 29 Almost 100 Flying Fortresses, striking the most distant objective yet assigned in the attack on Italy from North Africa, bombed Leghorn yesterday and left a smoky trail of devastation in the oil refineries, docks and shipyards of that large port 160 miles north of Rome. At the same time, Cia patchcs said, some two score American liberators smashed at Foggia and dropped 80 tons of bombs on that air base 80 miles cast of Naples. (Dispatches from London said large units of Italy's fleet, which has seldom ventured to sea since the start of the war, may huvu been at Leghorn known as fjivrono to the Italians when the Flying Fortresses visited the harbor.

(This was the first lime that Leghorn had been bombed.) Two waves oC Liberators attacked Fgogia, near 'the Adriatic side of the Italian peninsula, and United Stales communique from Cairo said direct hits were made several hangars, numerous fires started, and at least 13 enemy bombers were destroyed or damaged. British and American medium bombers and bomb-carrying fighters also carried the air war across the Mediterranean with unabated fury to objectives in Sicily, Sardinia and the strongholds of Pantcl- leria, the nearest Axis held territory. Among these targets were the Castelvetrano airfield in Sicily, which was attacked by Mitchells, Marauders, Lightnings and War- hawks and the railway station and oil installations at Augusta, Sic- which were attacked Thursday night by big RAF bombers from the desert air force. Russians Report Land, Air Fights at Novorossisk By WILLIAM MCGAFFIN Moscow. 29 Large forces of Russian and German planes nre continuing their aerial fencing with an increasing intensity northeast of Novorossosk and tank-led infantry forces have clashed in sharp fighting, Russian they 'Red Great Force of U.S.

Planes Raid Germany London, May 1 A great Nearly 250,000 persons live the foot of Mount Etna. at river claimed four lives yesterday near Morrillon when a rowboat overturned in backwater. Three men and a woman en route to Morrillon after mail and supplies were the victims. Their deaths brought to five the drownings resulting from the 20 days of high water along the Arkansas, While and St. Francis rivers.

U. S. engineers said there was little cause for apprehension about the river below 'Pine Bluff as the levees there were the same type as along Ihe Mississippi river. However, they remained alert and continued patrols. An engineers spokesman explained they operated on the theory that no levee is positively secure until the river is back in ils channel.

Lt. Col. Hendrix Lackey, slate guard commander, said that unless a new crisis developed he probably would recall the 300 guardsmen now on flood dury. New Gypsum Products Ease Lumber Shortage Buffalo, N. building methods have developed new applications of gypsum.

To ease lumber shortages, three new gypsum plank, cx- The Saracen conquest of Sicily tenor board and solid partition pan- was completed in 895. been created. force of Flying Fortresses raided tho conlinenl today, returning in mid-afternoon, flying high and unescorted over the Folkestone urea. The forts came back in several close'- flying formations and were barely distinguishable as they returned to base at 20,000 feet. There was no immediate announcement of the Fortresses' targets, nor of combat scores.

Considerable aerial traffic back and forth over the channel heard during the night. The air ministry news service said six bomb carrying Alba- ccirrs of (he British fleet air army surprised a fleet of 12 German motor gunboats off Cherbourg peninsula during the night and sank six and damaged three. With tonight still to go, the British airmen already have run up the highest total of bombs clumped on Europe in any week of the war. In three raids on a city by-city demolition program in Germany's industrial Rhur valley a record of nearly 5,000 tons of block-busters and other heavy bombs were loosed by the RAF heavy bombers. The week began la-st Sunday night with the 2,000 ton bombing assault of Dortmund, one of tho Hluir cities affected the week before in tho breaching of the Moehne and JSder dams.

This was described as the heaviest laici over made on one city. Ducsscldorf was smashed with almost equal strength Tuesday night and the big Lancastcrs, Stir- lings and Halifaxes roared out agai Thursday night to drop some 1,000 tons on Essen, site of the oft- bombed Krupp munitions works. Twice during the week yesterday and last Sunday RAF bombers attacked the coke ovens at ZcebrugRc, Belgium, by daylight, and Thursday evening the speedy new plywood Mosquito bombers darted 500 miles into Germany to blast the Carl Zeiss and other important plants at Jcnn. Abbeville targets were hit on Tuesday. The air ministry disclosed yesterday a newly devised wave bombing pattern of attack was used for the first time on the Essen foray, with the four cngincd giants roaring over their largest in ten separate sweeps in a period of 50 minutes.

Bomb loads varied so that each would cause the greatest devastation at successive stages. The week virtually was an elusive RAF affair. (Continued on Page Two) dispatches said today, but still did not mention the Army offensive" which Berlin has been reporting the last two The correspondent of Red Star, Red Army organ, said it was the Germans who were attacking in, local battles from the German's Kuban river bridgehead in the: Caucasus. Red Star said 1D7 German planes had been shot down in three days in the heavy air battles there. (The Saturday German com- munique as broadcast by the news agency DNB and recorded by the Associated Press, reported strong new attacks by the Russians in the sector of the Kuban bridgehead, the attacks fniled and the Russians suffered heavy losses, it added.) The Russian dispatches said the Germans had suffered considerable losses and that booty arid prisoners had been taken.

(The Berlin radio, in describing what appears to bo the first major assault of the long expected summer campaign, has put Russian forces battering at the German held Caucasus bridgehead at 150,000, strongly supported by tanks and planes. It said the Russian assault began Thursday and that, after initial penetrations, of German lines, the attackers were driven back with heavy losses.) The Russian press mentioned the renewed air which it said suddenly spurted May 25 and increased in tempo during the two days follownig. (The midday communique, as broadcast from Moscow and recorded by the Sovic't Monitor in London, indicated the Kuban battle may be only the first, of a number of major offensives about to begin. (Both Russian and German forces have been scouting the important Smolensk section of the western front, German held rail link, and there has been sharp artillery and guerrilla action there. Red airmen also have been stabbing at supply and communication linoj behind the Leningrad front, where there has also been ground and artillery action.

The Lisichansk area of the Donets front and the area west of Ros- tov also were scenes of Russian softening up penetrations.) Front line dispacthes also disclosed the Germans are using heavy hambarg-139 seaplanes on the Russian front, presumably for Ihe first time. The mulli engined bombers sow Russian shores at night with contact mines, delayed- action bombs and anti-personnel spring bombs called "frogs" which explode into flying splinters. Presumably they were being used on Russian hold shores on the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov. Production of Oil in State Hits New High El Dorado, May 2 9 South Arkansas oil fields reached a 13 year production peak of 26,570,704 barrels (in 1942, the State Oil and Gas Commission reported today in a preprint of ex- cerpls from Vol. 151 of the Transactions of the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers.

The report was written by Commission Director Alec M. Crowcll and C. H. Thigpen, the commission's chief engineer. "The stability of the production iif the area is demonstrated by the fact that although the number of producing wells has declined from 3,280 in 1931 to 2,97 at the end of 1942, total production has continuously increased since the beginning- of 1937," the report said.

"This is because all fields discovered since Jan. 1, 1937, have observed spacing patterns of one well to each 160 surface acres, the dual completion of wells where there is more than one nroducing horizon and close ad- herancc to advanced operating practices. "Eight new pools were brought into production in South Arkansas during 1942. They increased the state's crude oil and condensatc reserve by 121,000,000 barrels, bringing the total recoverable re(Continued on Page Two) HIS day we set a sacred wreath On our heroic dead; How richly from their dust beneath Have we inherited! Courage and honor, faith and pride They gave, and gallant youth, To leave the land for which they died Victorious in truth. Let us fulfill the promise made In all we act and plan; Never forget the price they Pearl Harbor, Wake, Bataan! Their blood enriched the Reddened the Coral Sea, So that their sons and their sons' sons Might stand forever free.

This sky beneath whose dream they sleep, This land their faith kept pure, With equal faith and love we keep Unspotted and secure. By these broad acres let us swear, By our brave golden dead, To rid the world of want and fear, To give men breath and bread. By these green hills our fathers trod, These valleys they adored, let us lift our songs to God For. freedom's flashing 'sword! By Liberty's eternal star We pledge our soldier slain, By all we have and all we are They have not died in Tain; This day from all days set apart, This solemn day of days, When pride and grief within the heart. Contend with prayer and This day in this grim year of grace, Beyond all days and years, Finds us undaunted as we face The darkness and its fears.

They dared the worst, our valiant We cannot compromise, But follow where their valor led, Redeem their sacrifice. Until the peace their courage made, The peace they could not see, Above the crimson barricade Completes their victory. From dreams that blazed, burned glory and our Build them the monument 'they The better world tomorrow! -By Joseph Chief of Poetry Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D. C. Americans Are Blasting Japs From Positions in Pacific By The Associated Press American troops were reported blasting out last ditch Japanese remnants hidden in mountai nfox remnants hidden in mountain fox holes above the fogline in the 19- day-old battle of Attu island today, and Washington sources 'declared the final splitting up process was under way.

Navy reports indicated the most intensive American attacks were developing along two snow ridges between lakes in the northeast corner of the island, where the Japanese have been driven back against the sea around Chichagof harbor. U. S. patrols also jabbed at nn- emy defenses on a third ridge extending eastward from Chichagof valley. In the southern zone of the Pacific war theater Gen.

Douglas MacArthur's headquarters announced U. S. Flying Fortresses and Liberators dropped 19 tons of bombs on three Japanese airdromes in the vicinity of Wewak; "ew. Guinea. Flying through severe storms; the raiders left many fires raging and all returned safely to base.

Eight Japanese bombers, excort- ed by six zeros, dropped 50 bombs on the Allied air base at Millin- gimbi, on Australia's north coast 300 miles east of Darwin, but a. 1 communique said the attack caused little damage and no casualties. Spitfires met the Japanese raiders at 15,000 feet and shot down three bombers for certain and damaged others. Two Allied planes were lost. front, RAF bombers flying from India set big fires in a heavy assault on Mandalay, i Kipling's storied temple city whose fire blackened ruins are now occupied by the Japanese, and raked enemy airfilds, river transport and troops in wide-spread attacks.

No land fighting was reported. I Food Group Moves to Link World Farmers By OVID A. MARTIN Hot Springs, May 29 A move to link the farmers of the world by means of an international organization of producer marketing cooperatives was advanced today by delegates of more than 30 countries attending the United Nations food conference. Advocates of the cooperative movement a system of business enterprises owned and operated by the people they serve agreed at a special meeting to ask the parley to formally recommend, in its final resolutions, that an international agency be set up to help farmers organize. Such an agency would be connected with the international agricultural authority which has been proposed at the conference as (he mechanism for increasing world production, distribution and consumption of agricultural products.

Murray D. Lincoln, of the United Stales delegation and chairman of the special meeting, predicted the time would come when "cooperatives in my country will trade directly with cooperatives in youi country to make more goods available to more people with profits." Lincoln is president of In Cooperative League of America. Lincoln said he wanted it understood that "I'm still for private enterprise, because we who believe in cooperating want competition, but we don't want monopolies." The cooperative movement here is young compared with some oth er countries, particularly Scandi navia, Lincoln declared, but "we in the United States are beginning to join in this great movement gring ccomomic democracy to the people." The meeting agreed to ask the full conference to recommend also the establishment in all conn tries a system of rural cooperative banks for farmer credit. New Rubber Source Studied in Brazil lio De Jancir9 of the United Slates for rubber has led to in Ihe field of an elastic jroducing plant growing wild and lithcrto virtually untouched in mangabeira. Elastic extracts from this shrub- ay tree do not-substitute for rubber in all its qualities, emphasizes Laclario de Carvalho, chief of the rubber servid'e in the National Technological Institute, but its properties make tjie mangabeira product useful in manufacture of many articles where rubber or rubber substitutes now are used.

Tho mangabeira, a plant ranging from six to 12 feet in height, grows wild and in abundance in the stales of Piaui, Goiaz, Bahia, Minns Gerais and Sao Paulo. Its location is far more strategic than real Brazilian rubber, from a standpoint of harvest and shipment, for the mangabeira grows within easy distances of railroads or ports, while the rubber is far in the depth' of the Amazon valley. Keal Brazilian rubber shows high resistace to traction, while the the mangabeira extract is more clastic but less resistant, according to Carvalho. Tests showed an per cent loss in washing, wh oh is average of 12 per cent, resin and 14 regarded as favorable. Wholu exploitation of mangubeira is now being studied.

Indian Princess Becomes A WAAC Fort DCS Moines, la. A green-eyed Indian princess, whose men-folk have fought in three of Uncle sam's wars, is learning to serve the army in this one. Twenty-! wo-ycar-old Roberta Clark, granddaughter of Quannah Parker, famed Indian is an auxiliary (private) at the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps training school here. The black-haired nurse, who calls Oklahoma City home, made a real sacrifice in joining the service. She cut her coal-black hair for the first time.

Previously wore il Indian style to her shoultlurii. Now it's in an attractive bob. Ten Difficult Ways for An Allied Invasion Washington, May 29 The Allied march to Berlin may follow one of more and preferably more of ten roads, none 8 of easy. them Some of the enormous difficulties to be expected were outlined today by Col. Conrad H.

Lanza, retired army officer and one of the country's most noted military students, in an article for the authoritative Field Artillery Journal. The routes he discussed are these: (1) Norway, (2) Denmark and North Germany, (3) Northwest Germany and the Dutch Coast east of Texel, (4) the low countries south of Texel, (5) North France and Brittany, (6) West France south of the Loire, (7) South (8) west side of Italy with Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica, (9) the Adriatic and South Italy, and (10) the Aegean Sea area. His estimate of the force needed varies from a comparatively limited number for the seizure of southern Norway to "millions of men" for a campaign through Northern and Central France. And an invasion of the continent will be really effective, he suggests, only as the result of landings in great force at several points. "It seems clear," Lanza writes, "that in view of the enemy's strength, an invasion involving but a few divisions is not promising.

"Best chances of success appears to be in employing very large forces, at as many different areas as possible, and as nearly simultaneously as practicable. It will be a great and difficult task." I the cautious fashion of military men, whose plans must envision every risk, Lanza bases his estimates apparently on the assumption of all possible advantages to the enemy, all possible disadvantage to the Allies. Two matters which are subjects of wide discussion by observers here ho does not mention, perhaps (Continued on Page Two) Appointment of Byrnes Peps Up Congress By The Associated Press Washington, May 29 (fP) peppered up by President Roosevelt's order placing James F. Byrnes 'in command of the home front, members of Congress hastened today to propose additional moves to cut through the "confusion" many of them said has marked the domestic war effort. Ranging'Svidely in variety and subjected to immediate controversy, these suggestions included: 1.

Pass'age of compulsory manpower control legislation to "vitalize" this aspect of the far-reaching program outlined for the new Office of War Mobilization headed by Byrnes. 2. Creation by Congress of a separate cjvilian 4 supply agency having equal claim with the army and navy on resources and materials, and its representative on Byrnes' mobilization committee, 3. Reorganization and consolidation of civilian war agencies, with a 25 per cent reduction in "unnecessary" personnel and the elimination of duplicating efforts. 4.

Operation of the mobilization committee which includes Secretary of War Stimson, Secretary of the Navy Knox, Chairman Harry Hopkins of the Munitions Assignment Board, Chairman Donald Nelson of the War Production Board and Judge Fred M. Vinson, who succeeds Byrnes as stabilization director as an actual war cabinet to resolve dsiputes without public controversy. Indicating his intention to grapple with some of these problems, Byrnes told a press conference yesterday he would have full responsibility over the home front, with power subject only to Mr. Roosevelt's approval to formulate policy as well as to direct operations. He will direct, he said, programs entailing the maxmum use of natural and industrial resources for military and civilian needs, the effecctive utilization of national manpower outside the armed forces, and the stabilization and adjustmen tof the civ cenailionmott adjustment of the civilian economy to wartime dmeands.

Detroit's Rudy York is 20 pounds lighter than he was last year and St. Louis' Slats Marion is 35 pounds heavier..