The Courier-Journal du lieu suivant : Louisville, Kentucky • Page 73

u. yyy iiriiimtm(i qjjmnt Public Affairs Editorials Business Books The Passing Show donriwnviwl Times SECTION SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 1968 Five Studies List Far-Right Backers if Transmitter yS aV Covington L. A Translator wcvn (54) Production Studio a Ashland AqI A Moreheod WKAS (25) LA E3 Network Center Jefferon County, KSC WKMR (38) A I 0 Community College A JDmsu mJ Lexington WKLE (46) EKU A Henderson A Owensboro A WKZT (23) Pikeville A 7 WKP (22) Madisonville A Somerset A 0 WKMA(35) LnWKU WKSO (29)ZJO 1 A Bowling Green Hazard I I A MCII AO WKGB (53) WKHA (35) I Murray Lid iL. Hopkinsville WKMU (21) THUiW" i wi wiim ii i hi Of George Wallace By JACK NELSON and NICHOLAS C. CHRIS Los Angeles Times-Washington Post Service states to prevent either Republican nominee Richard M.

Nixon or Democratic nominee Hubert H. Humphrey from polling a majority of the electoral votes, thus giving some of Wallace's extremist electors the balance of power in any Electoral College negotiations toward electing a president. And if the issue were left unsettled by the college. Wallace still could play an important role in selecting the next president, since the election would be decided in the House of Representatives, where each state has one vote. Activity Started Early Wes McCune, director of Group Research and longtime observer of right-wing activities, says, "The Wallace campaign has attracted a substantially larger number of the hard-core radical right and bigots than the Goldwater campaign did four years ago, which was a high-water mark at that time.

And this applies even to the racist campaign of Sen. Strom Thurmond of South Carolina in 1948 under the Dixiecrat banner, because his efforts were largely confined to the Southern region." Many of Wallace's most zealous campaign officials and workers are Birchers or White Citizens Council members who New ETV Network Kentucky's ATLANTA Some of presidential candidate George C. Wallace's key supporters in at least 34 states are members of extreme right-wing organizations, in-eluding several of the nation's most virulent racist and anti-semitic groups. Many of them hold top offices in state campaign organizations and serve as Wallace-pledged electors. John Birch Society and White Citizens Council members are heavily involved in Wallace campaign activities in most states, and members of more extreme groups, such as the Ku Klux Klan, the National States Rights Party and the paramilitary Minutemen have been active supporters in several states.

Extremists do much of the hard work of organizing and raising funds for Wallace, but often are kept in the background at rallies and seldom attract the attention of the news media. Thus, the story of how substantially the radical right underpins Wallace's campaign has been slow to surface. Co-Chairmen Unobtrusive When Wallace spoke at a Springfield, 111., rally a week ago, the press and his more than 3,000 enthusiastic listeners saw acting mayor James Dunham present him a key to the city. But few people saw the local Wallace campaign co-chairmen Mel Jones, a former fulltime Birch organizer, and A. W.

Castleman, best known locally for his campaign to remove a Negro from the Springfield police force. Jones, interviewed on the fringe of the crowd, told a reporter that "many" Birchers in Illinois are working for Wallace. Charles Urban of Lockport, a Wallace elector, is a Birch leader, nd at least two other Wallace electors in Illinois Mrs. Patricia Snyders and Carter H. Hoffman have been linked to Birch activities.

The Los Angeles Times' findings that rightists are strategic supporters of Fifteen-Year dream comes true Bill Lorfd, retired Courier-Journal television and radio critic, was a pioneer advocate of educational Aloncla as transmission begins ay Hv RILL LA I) I) Leander Perez, Louisiana ultra-rightist, makes no secret of his sup. port of Wallace. Most sets older than that require an inexpensive conversion. In many cases, outdoor antennas will be necessary. However, in the hard-to-reach areas there are many community-antenna systems that distribute the present commercial-television signals, and it is believed that all such cable systems will carry Kentucky-network programs.

In cable-connected homes, no additional equipment or conversion will be required. What can educational and instructional television do? One thing it cannot do is teach. People teach. Instructional television is another tool Wallace in 34 states are based on its investigations and studies made by four groups that monitor right-wing activities the Institute for American Democracy (IAD), the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith (ADL), the Southern Committee on Political Ethics (SCOPE), and Group Research, Inc. The studies are incomplete, since Wallace electors have not been selected in some states.

television. He served on early planning groups or the new state network, and worked jor years to push it toward reality. AFTER 15 years of dreaming, hard work and beating of heads against walls, Kentucky has its educational-television network. As of tomorrow, it is almost true that a dozen transmitters will be putting this modern and exciting educational tool within reach of every teacher from the Big Sandy and the Ohio to the Mississippi and the Tennessee line. Almost true: The Covington station, which got a late start, won't be ready until the first of the year.

The Hazard and Pikeville transmitters, delayed by weather and construction problems, should be on the air by Nov. 1. Some schools, shielded by hills and hollows from the path of television's line-of-sight signal, may need additional technical equipment and help. All of the equipment in the transmitters and studios is new and untried. It is beyond the realm of possibility that everything will work at the first asking.

The Kentucky network has 12 stations and six production studios. Two of the studios are ready, at Lexington, where the first programming will originate, and at Eastern Kentucky University at Richmond. Others at the state universities are in various stages of preparation, but they are not essential at the outset. Six in Mountain Area The whole system will cost about $9 million, financed by revenue bonds. The network is operated by the Kentucky Authority for Educational Television under contract to the state Department of Education.

Six of the 12 stations are in the hilly Reports Cite Links began booming him for president long before he announced his candidacy. For more than a year there has been activity in his behalf by a number of Ku Klux Klansmen and members of three other violence-prone hate groups Minutemen, National States Rights Party and the American Nazi Party in at least eight states. Former Alabama Gov. Wallace, a segregationist who insists he is not a racist, has encouraged extremist support from the Birch Society and some other quarters, and has done little to discourage it from the more violent elements. He did say earlier this year he did not welcome the support of the Nazi Party, observing that "nazism grew out of communism." Recently in Pittsburgh, Wallace said he "appreciates" the support of Birchers who formed a citizens committee in Western Pennsylvania to promote his candidacy.

"I'm not going to denounce the John Birch Society," he told newsmen, adding its members "are some of our finest citizens and its opposition to communism is well-founded." The IAD and ADL list a total of six Wallace electors in Pennsylvania who have engaged in Birch activities Bernard J. Yuzavich, Robert J. Crow and John Mehalick, all reported as members; Lincoln. and another at Blooming-ton, lnd and most of the Kentucky instructional programs come from those. At the beginning of the year' each teacher is to receive a program guide for each course she uses.

The guide contains an outline of each lesson, suggestions on how to prepare the class for viewing the program and suggestions on follow-up work and how best to use the program. Thus, the teacher is enabled to work the television material into her course and plan the year's work to taket the greatest advantage of the television programs. The advantages of instructional television are numerous. In many fields texts lag behind. It is impossible to write, publish and "have adopted texts which can keep abreast of science.

Science seems to change between editions of the daily paper. Television programs can be kept up-to-date. They are on tape and updating a program is as simple as erasing the tape and doing the program over. A program can be updated before the next meeting of the class. Cuirfe Suggests Reading Elementary teachers handle manjf subjects, and obviously they cannot he expert in all.

An elementary teacher, perhaps a language major, by use of, television can give her students up-to-date science. Not only is the program a resource she would not otherwise have, but her guide suggests reading which she may use to keep abreast. She also will have more time to do the reading, for the experiments often will be done for her by the studio teacher. Experiments are difficult in the classroom, more difficult in today's large classes. Television, by using the close-up camera lens, allows each child to look over the shoulder of the experimenter.

Techniques of teaching change, too. The new mathematics is an example. The Denver school system used television to introduce new math throughout the system in the course of two years. Teachers were oriented in the new methods by use of in-service programs. School officials estimated that without television it would have required a dozen years to introduce new math throughout the system.

Television enrichment programs are invaluable in leaping over geographical and cultural barriers. i A great musician can appear before every music class in the state by television. Otherwise he might he able to appear at only one centrally located metropolitan school. An astronaut making a short visit to Lexington or Louisville might be lured into one school appearance. By telev ision he can tour the state in the same time.

O. Leonard Press is executive director of the new ETV network. the children are being taught in class and in subjects such as new math. At first, programs will be offered in 19 subjects for in-class use. Programs for the primary grades include three in new math; one in language arts; one in music; one in science and one in science and health.

Intermediate grades will get three series in science; two in social studies; one in music; one in Spanish, and one in language arts. The junior high schedule will have one series in world geography and current events and two in science. The one high school course is American history. All programs and the related materials such as program guides will be furnished free to all public schools using the service. While any school may receive the programs free, since they are on open-circuit television, non-public schools will have to pay for the published guides which accompany each course.

Costs Per lloom Courses have been selected by the state Department of Education, but the department makes no demand that any school use any program series or that television be used at all. There are 195 school districts in Kentucky, and 137 have told the authority that they are ccjuipped to receive the programs. The only cost to the school is that of reception equipment. This averages about $230 a classroom. This is supposed to cover the cost of the antenna, usually on a tower, and receivers.

Receivers may be bought from the state Department of Education at about $135 each. There are various federal sources from which funds are available for equipment. The programs may be received in homes as well. All stations are in the UHF band, which includes channels above 13. All sets manufactured in the past four years can receive these signals.

The IAD has prepared a report linking Birch members to 22 of Wallace's state organizations and tying White Citizens Council members to 10 of his state organizations. In a recent report, ADL listed 37 of the candidates for electors pledged to Wallace as persons who have been active with rightist groups, and discussed 94 individuals in 25 states connected with Wallace's campaign. SCOPE and Group Research have published reports showing extensive rightist connections with the Wallace campaign. The studies, which in the cases of IAD and ADL are continuing and will result in additional reports before the Nov. 5 election, were prompted by Wallace's growing strength and the fact that his candidacy has attracted many Americans who ostensibly shun racism and extremist activities.

Liberals and many conservatives are alarmed that Wallace might carry enough It is designed to broaden her re-her work load. In for today's teacher, enrich her courses, sources and lighten an instructional program to decrease the importance of no ease is replace or See FIVE STUDIES PAGE 3, Col. 2, this section the classroom teacher. Most programs are designed to be used as part of a class period once or twice a week. The state Department of Education, through its connection with the teachers, decided in what areas Kentucky teachers needed the most help.

Then, committees of teachers met to "audition" program materials, seeking those they felt would be of the most help. Program series produced by other school systems and other educational sources are obtained from several libraries. There is one huge library at ft' AMt' il' 'JW J' '11 I 'X Everybody area of Eastern Kentucky; the others serve the flatter central and western section. The locations: Ashland (Channel 25), Covington (54), Morehead (38), Pikeville (22), Hazard (35), Owcnton (52), Lexington-Richmond (46), Somerset (29), Elizabethtown (23), Bowling Green (53), Madisonville (35) and Murray (21). Louisville already has an educational station, Channel 15, operated by the Ken-tuckiana Educational Television Council.

The Jefferson County Board of Education is the licensee and owns the equipment. Channel 15 is used by the Jefferson County schools and various school systems in surrounding counties, some in Indiana. While Channel 15 can use Kentucky network programs and furnish some of its own to the network, such exchanges will be few because Jefferson County produces its own educational and instructional programs. Louisville and Jefferson county will be served by the Elizabethtown and Owenton stations. The area is within the "possible" range of these stations but reception here will be "iffy." Evening Programs, Too It is impossible to predict what a television signal will do until actual testing begins, and some hard-to-reach areas may need additional help.

Two "translator" stations, one at Owensboro and one at Hopkinsville, already have been established to relay signals. The Kentucky network will telecast about 45 hours of in-classroom instructional material a week at the start, from early morning until about 4:30 p.m. programming will be in the area of adult education. It will not begin until Jan. 6.

Homemaking helps, farm extension and how-to material are expected then. During the evening, programming will be somewhat like that now seen on Channel 15. much of it from the National Educational Network (NET). After the first of the year some in-class programming will be repeated in the evening for parents who like to see what An example of barrier-leaping was expressed by the principal of a Colombia, S.C., Negro high school. Two of his graduates were majoring in higher mathematics at West Point and Annapolis.

"I couldn't have prepared then) for this without television," he said. "They can't segregate the television signal. As a result my students had the same resources as were available at the best high school in the state." Television instructional programming is about 10 years old and teachers have found many advantages not at first apparent. A Spanish teacher told of one at a recent educational session in Florida. "I don't know how I taught pronunciation before television," she said.

'The child had to imitate the sound I made. "With the close-up lens 1 cap show every child in class at one time how to shape his lips and how to use his tongue. His pronunciation becomes almost automatic." It is fairly safe to say that few texts are up-to-date on geography. Africa is' an example. Geography is closely, tied to current events.

It is unrealistic to expect a teacher to be able to interpret current events on top of her other work. About three years ago I attended a class See KENTUCKY'S PAGE 3, Col. 1, thissurtton -v---- Associated Prtsi Presidential candidate George Wallace denied in a press conference in June that he ordered his bodyguards to seize and destroy film showing him shaking hands with Ku Klux Klan Imperial Wizard Robert Shelton. The film had been made by an ABC crew for TV. Closed-circuit educational television was in use in Louisville as early as 1961, as shown at Cochran School.

But now, with the network reaching across Kentucky, it also can serve most rural areas..