The Emporia Gazette from Emporia, Kansas • Page 2

TH- GAZETTE i WUU. Editor (1SSMHO Tto White OWMC W. L. Wbite. W.

L. While. Editor futtct T. Ixwtber, Co-Editor ud f. r.

UcDinlel. Muictss R. Birr. Official Paptr of Lyon County tT-Mircktnl St. Tel- ad 41 JEPBUSKED DAILY EXCEPT SUNDAY of the AuaeUled Pratt Tbo Associated la entitled rlttly" (a Use (or of printed in thij tstvrtptpfl tt.vtU ti in ail Etwt "The Garette Is Member of: Asdit Bureao of CSrcalttioa Inland TJe Ksasaj Press Astoeiauoa entered at the ta Empana." Kuusf.

for tricimissoa through ealU Mgoad cUss matter. i of Subscription by carrier la curbs 30c per by the month (By pjsil in Lj'on adjoiniag cotiotiei, Rite, ose year $7,00 Fifcrturr 1st, ISM 'mail, outside area: SU per i eoe moatb 11.30. JfTJ) erefore I tell you, what- you ask in prayer, be- thai' you receive it, and you will." 11:24 RSV BLOOD BANK DEFICIT The last Red Cross blood take in Emporia failed to meet its quota. Evidently other communities also fell behind this spring. A report from (he Wichita Regional Blood Center, covering several counties in south-central Kansas and north-central Oklahoma, says that during May it put out 89jnore pints of whole blood than it took in.

It is explained that population growth, higher accident rates, and discoveries that increase the need of blood to save lives, demand more blood donors. With the amazing growth of health insurance, the added insurance of ample.supplies of blood becomes greater, it is pointed out. The Wichita Blood Center ad- the Eagle that the shortage 'may'soon be eliminated as Oklahomans realize the grow-big need. But something more than crisis-giving is called for. The Red Cross cannot do it Community-wide cooperation is needed every time the Blood Bank is set up in any town or city.

Donors should remember that the next time a patient needs blood desperately, he or she may be that patient. Only through cooperative giving can this blood-insurance program be kept going. A deficit at Wichita of 89 pints of blood in a single month is a sign of laxity on the part of every community in the regional T. L. THE SUPREME COURT AGAIN Troa the Baltimore Sun: There is a growing awareness that in some respects the weight of power has tipped too far in the direction of Big Labor.

Two decisions in the latest batch handed down by the Supreme Court relate directly to this. In the Russell case the court upheld an. award of damages to a worker who had been denied access to his place of employment by a picket line. The plaintiff, Russell, had sued the union involved in the Alabama courts and received an award. The Supreme Court's support of this is a sharp warning to the unions that abuse the right to picket has its perils.

All too frequently in the past years, picketing, in itself a form cf free speech which this court sturdily defends, has been perverted into a form of outright coercion. The union will now end this perversion, or pay damages when sued. In the Gomales case a member of the machinists' union was expelled, and was subsequently therefore unable to obtain work. He sued the union, was awarded S9.300 by the California courts, and has now seen this award upheld. One of the strongest complaints about the extension of the power of Big Labor has been its life-and- death power, in the case of some unions, to grant or withhold the right of a man to follow his chosen calling.

This case to some extent relaxes that grip. Both cases will have far-reaching effects on union strategy and tactics- But they are interesting for two other reasons as well. 1. There has been much complaint lately about the lavish use by the present court of the doctrine of "pre-emption," the gist of this being that when Congress legislates in a given field it preempts the field and parallel state legislation is invalidated. Both of these cases involve the doctrine of pre-emption.

In neither case did the court that elaboration of a Federal labor policy ex- dudes all remedies under State law. In other words, the court has not mace a black-and-white pre-emption, and the more frantic critics of the court have evidently been seeing some nonexistent spooks. 2. This court has had a run of cases involving the civil liberties and due process of law, in which the court has consistently stood up for the civil liberties and due process. On the basis of these decisions there has arisen a school court-eaters who have convinced themselves that the court Is ts) soft on cemmuniiffi, (b) on organized, labor, (e) hard on busineu.

They hare pushing legislation designed to cripple the court by limiting apppellate power. The Russell and tht cases both Involve human rights in clear-cut ways. As usual, this court stood up for human rights, thus holding to its consistent position. But in both of these cases the net effect is "hard" on Big Labor; and by blunting two of Sig Labor's powerful weapons, it in some degree rights the balance of power between labor and management, i.e., is "soft" on management. Had the court's appellate jurisdiction in these cases been denied by Congress (as the court- eaters have been demanding), these two salutary decisions could not have been handed down.

This is something for critics of the court io think about. It is not wise to inflict long-term damage on the court's powers in a fit of short-term pique. OVER THE HUMP On May 13th this year we observed an unofficial day known as Tax Freedom Day. The name comes from the fact that it was the first day of the year on which you could call the money you earned your own. Here's the story, related by the Industrial News Review: "Estimates say the personal income of everyone in this country will come to, $350 billion in 1958.

The federal, state and local tax bill will add up to $125 per cent. So, on the average, each of us must work 133 days (36 per cent of the 365 days of the year) to pay the cost of government before there is anything left But cheer up, we've been over the hump now for nearly a month. -E. T. L.

SMILES Some former juvenile delinquents, now old enough''to know better, are driving around town with wide-open mufflers on their cars. 1 We are rapidly forgetting those sack dresses. This summer, the shorts are letting us know what the trim female figure looks like, notes the Winfield Courier. Fathers, Hub Meyer is informed, will have a 15-day grace period before they have to pay for all the gifts so generously given and gratefully received on Their Day. They wanted a formal wedding, so they painted the shot gun' white, quips the Goodland The Coffeyville Journal concludes the only thing more obnoxious than a wise guy is wise guy who's right.

A cocker spaniel wags his tail 300 times a minute, a blurb says. Rolla Clymer adds that's a lot of energy going to waste. A good- natured properly hooked power an air-conditioner in almost any home. Jack Harris explains that a recession is a period during which profits are replaced by prophets. Never hang a mirror in a show window, says a successful merchant, if you want the gals to look at the latest dress styles E- T.

L. 20 Years Ago June 10th, 1938 Rain almost ruined the Santa Fe picnic. The crowd was the smallest in history. Only about 300 persons ate their lunches the park, many of them in thetr cars. Many Emprians took their baskets back home and took out-of-town visitors with them.

The first harvesting in Lyon County was reported by Joseph Fladung, who lived, seven and a half miles southwest of town. He started cutting two acres of barley with a binder pulled by a team of horses and a team of mules. It was the only barley in the community as far as he knew. The 21st anniversary of Emporia Rotary was celebrated with a dinner party for members and their families at the Emporia Country Club. A "ragged mock was featured on the program.

The Rotarians played all the parts. Joseph Dumm was the bride. Alex Daughtry, a reporter on the American Observer, "Washington, D. who had spent a month's vacation in Kansas, stopped in Emporia enroute back to "Washington. He was a 1937 graduate of Emporia State College.

Mrs. O. R. Bales and Miss Catherine EHenberger attended the state convention of the Business and Professional Women's Clubs in Galena. Forty Years Beatrice Richards, who had been teaching Latin and normal training in Beloit, returned to her home in Emporia for the summer.

UP TO DATE BLOOMINGTON, Ind. W. Richard Adams, Indiana University archaeologist, proved in court that his field of science isn't necessarily restricted to ancient pottery snd mummies. He helped convict a deer poacher by identifying bones in freshly killed meat as venison. THE EMPORIA PATKT 'A-5E 15 "I Hop.

You Can Swim" Resolutions Since 1945 KalMi, Jane ,10,1958 Cattle Ranches vs. Delinquency I ONLY the Wild West were as wild as it used be, we might yet solve our juveuile delinquency problem handily. For in the lawless 50-year period of the "open range," which ended in 1908, there was no juvenile delinquency. boys were too occupied with the business of survival, fighting Indians and wild animals, not cops. If they grew up to be men they fell naturally into one of only two categories of man and bad man.

And, inevitably the urge, to and ranches, to live a good life and prosper, overcame lawlessness with order. The bad man "went the good man stayed and settled and built the country. Only 86 years ago, early in the Civil War, a group of Texas teenagers, led by a 17-year-old cowman; named W. D. H.

Saunders, headed for New Orleans with 1,100 steers they'd rounded up for the meat the Rebels needed desperately. They swam the Colorado, Brazos, Trinity, Neches and Sabine rivers.to the Mississippi. There they heard that New Orleans was in the hands of Union troops. Rather than let their herd fall Into the hands of the "damn- yankees," they swam the 1,100 Corbalty Kuhn longhorns across the Mississippi where it was a mile wide. It was probably the longest mile in the lives of boys and cows, for the river was so wild and turbulent that sometimes only the characteristically long, out-curving horns of the animals could be- the rockers of a thousand granny chairs.

Yet for all its swift-flowing current, its long way from bank to bank, the boys lost only 100 head of cattle in the epic feat recounted in "The Cattleman," by Mari Sandoz, a pioneer daughter of Nebraska. Miss Sandoz is the daughter of early Swiss settlers in Nebraska, and since she wrote the loving, frank biography of her father, "Old in 1935, she has ranged high among regional historians. Her prize-winning books are lively history of the West, and "The Cattleman," her latest, is a long, lively history of the cattle business the capture of wild stock, the adventurous trail and cow town days; of violent men, Indian raids, cattle rustlers; and the exciting chronicle of the most colorful period in American history. The West is tamed but it is still full of beef and elbowroom for adventurous teenagers. No other area offers so much space Cite Illegality at Little Rock National Affairs by Lavren HE TRAGEDY at Little Rock may have important legal consequences that were not foreseen when federal trops were used at Central High School there to enforce a court decree on the supposition that no other means was available.

Virgil T. Blossom. Superintendent of schools at Little Rock, has just made a startling revelation in federal court. He has testified that the school board at Little Rock asked for federal marshals to enforce the court'i. decree and that the request was refused by Judge Donald Davies.

This fact has never before been publicly known. Sen. John C. Stennis of Mississippi, Democrat, in a speech before the Mississippi Bar association a few days ago made the point that there was no law authorizing the use of federal troops and that U. S.

marshals should have been required to perform the task of enforcing the court's decree. Mr. Stennis now has written to Comptroller Genera! Campbell asking him lo look into the legality of payments made to Arkansas National Guardsmen during their period of federal service. He has asked for an independent determination as to the legality of payment of such funds, because they were originally appropriated for national defense. The comptroller general has replied that he will investigate the matter and render a decision.

The Mississippi senator, who is an eminent lawyer, says that none of the conditions set forth in the law which was cited in the Presidents proclamation really existed in Little Rock. He adds:" "There was no danger of inva- sion or rebellion and no indication that the President was unable with the regular forces to execute the laws of the united States. Moreover, his section requires that to call into the federal re service members of the National Guard 'shall be issued through the governors of the No order of this type was issued by the of Arkansas as required. Hence, the conclusion is inescapable that the calling into federal service of the National Guard of the state of Arkansas was unauthorized and contrary to statutory requirements." On the specific use of even federal necessarily the state's National Guard Senator Stennis says that the resort to military force was unauthorized by law or the Constitution. He says: "There was no real attempt to try civil less exhaust them.

There was no real effort to enforce the court decree by itsing the U. S. Marshal's office, or by augmenting his staff through a posse comitatus. "There was no real attempt to try the injunctive process with its ever present threat of contempt proceedings. The only persons who were enjoined by the federal court, the governor and the Arkansas Guard officers, readily obeyed the court mandate.

"Governmental action taken at LitUe Rock follows the most disturbing pattern of our time; that is, the trend toward interpretation of law in terms of expediency. This confusion of authority and initiative which led to the school segregation cases has led to the Little Rock situation. "The present President of the United States i.i not a willful, nor reckless nor mischievous man. But some future President, with a less lofty regard for his post, under political pressures can well take refuge in this precedent in an attempt to rule with arbitrary power." What the Mississippi senator aid about the failure to use the U. S.

Marshal's office is very significant. It backed up now by to let off steam. Harassed city police judges, parents, clergy, social workers and everyone concerned with the No. 1 phenomenon of our times the high incidence and increase of adult crime by wild young ponder the'heal- ing, regenerative and reforming powers of sun and wind and hard work in the wide open spaces. It is a point seldom considered that the most successful-rehabilitation center for youth is the famous Boys Town, in Nebraska, where the plains stretch to the limitless horizon, almost to infinity.

The of youth, its boundless energy and strength, have to exhaust themselves somewhere. In cities where the vision is the walls of the tenement across the air shaft, young energy spends itself in aimless violence and "rumbles." Instead of youth centers, with ping-pong, why not "youth corrals" on the western plains, old- fashioned ranches with all trappings, where the swaggering adolescent could, find a healthy outlet on a' horse, roping cattle, riding the range, shooting buzzards instead of knifing teachers? A few such corrals, full of Juvenile delinquents, learning to get along with tough cowboys and bucking bronchos, would cost far less than reform schools and institutions, and the court trials for murder, arson, larceny and rape. (Copyright 1958, Generil the testimony of Superintendent Blossom. An extract from the official transcript of last Thursday in federal court reads as follows: "Richard Butler (attorney for the school board): Mr. Blossom, you were also" asked on cross- examination about your seeking of help or lack of seeking help from various agencies which might have assisted you and the school board in effectively disciplining various people either well, by any process.

I'll ask you whether or not you asked for instructions from the previous Federal Judge who sat on this case. "Mr. Blossom: We feel that we counseled with and sought any guidance and help that any responsible agency had in the matter. With reference to Judge Davies, under actual instruction of the board, and after a full conference and discussion on it, I went to Judge Davies and asked for his for the United States Marshal to help. in this problem and we were turned down." The mystery is: Why did Judge Davies refuse to assign U.

S. marshals? In many an instance of civil disturbance in past history thousands of assistant marshals have been deputized to maintain, order. This is usually effective because it is a federal offense for any citizen to interfere with a U. S. marshal who is carrying out the orders of a federal court.

The federal laws today specifically forbid the use of the armed forces of the United States to enforce court orders. This is the task of U. S. marshals. If they fail, they can in some instances call on miliary forces to help them, but this is limited to "laws of the United Stales" and is not applicable to the enforcement of all court orders.

The use of federal troops to enforce a court order that did not involve any federal law. especially when the U. S. marshals were not availed of, makes the Little Rock precedent unique in all history, and its legality or illegality has yet to be determined. N.

Y. HeruM Trftaat) Theif Dayt By 'George Sokolsky INCE 1945, the enure world, has been in a state of revolution. This has net ooly been a political- nature of which has been to move away from representative government to executive government, but it has also been a period" of social and economic a movement away ia Wartera Europe and America, from Cal- vlnistic capitalism'to socialism ia a variety of "This revolution sufficiently in -process Jo require understanding because it influences and affects every country and the United States more than any other country. A always as a protest against some institution. The French revolution of a revolt against the decaying institution of feudalism; the Rus- sian revolution of 1917 started as a revolt against a decadent autocracy.

The Turkish' revolution of 1908 which ultimately brought about Kemal's reforms was a revolt against the degrading nature of the Sulanate and its demoralir- ing effect on the people; the Chinese revolutions of 1911, 1925 were declarations of opposition to foreign domination over a great people. The Meiji revolution in Japan in 1868 was a revolt against the obscurantism of the The American revolution of 1775 comes down to the right of a people to a government of its own choice and therefore was a protest against taxation and government without representation. And so it has gone throughout the history of man. No revolution ever is made by the masses of the people. It is either a method of an 'element in the ruling class to use the masses change the form, of government or the stntc- ture of governments.

The Trouble In France What is the nature of the De Gaulle revolution? It really started with a miiltary coup d'etat in Algeria in the course of which a large section of the army manifested its protest against. a decaying parliamentary system government which since 1946 was steadily leading France to suicide. If the army and navy and air force joined together, it could have produced a civil war in France which might have set the world on-fire. We are not yet free from this Charles De Gaulle entered politics to hold France in tutelage for. a short period during which he might rewrite the constitution, stroy multiple parties, proportional representation and restore a responsible parliamentary system of government in which the executive and legislative branches of government are- separated, ax they are in the United De Gaulle faces five which at this moment seem insuperable.

'Pressue No. I is from the right, from those reject parliamentarism altogether and who would establish a dictatorship; pressure No. 2 is from the left, the communists who must sooner or later attempt to replace De Gaulle by communist regime; pressure No. 3 is from the military forces which will find De Gaulle too slow in achieving their -objective which is restoration of. France's prestige in the world; pressure No.

4 is from the United States which will insist that France remain in NATO; No. 5 is from Soviet Russia which will insist-that DeGaulle leave NATO. These pressures will increase as the six months' period will approach its close and De Gaulle will demand and take more time. At that point, he will be accused of being a Louis Philippe, a General Boulanger and there are bound to be October then is the month when the first stage of this revolution in France should terminate and aonther stage be entered upon. What the next stage will be, no one can say now, but it must be in the minds of such men as Soustelle and Duelos, to say nothing of Mendes-France who still has a role to play.

Revolutions do not move according to any schedule. They are a series of explosions, each explosion setting off many chain reactions. (Copjrriiht, KLag lac.) Wichita Blood Bank 1 Appeals for Donors WICHITA (AP) A critical shortage of was reported yesterday by the regional Red Cross Blood Bank of Wichita, serving SO hospitals in Kansas and Oklahoma. An appeal for donors was matie by Tom Irving, manager of the Sedgwick County Red Cross chapter. "We're currently taking in about 840 pints a month," he said.

"We could use 1,100 to 1,200 pints in Sedgwicfc County alone." ON VERGE OF COLLAPSE MARTINSVILLE, -Va. (ft-State police would like to talk to the driver of, a tractor trailer who drove his vehicle over a single- lane bridge on state route-57. Witnesses said the bridge collapsed just as the driver reached the end he did not stop. You Should Buy and Read Our Qains and Losses A LL ABOARD, PLEASE," was probably the keynote for May. it was pretty make much of a month which saw.

in far-off hostile Moscow, the incredibly friendly reception accorded '-to pianist Cliburn, In middle-distant and supposedly Lebanon and Algeria the burning of; two buildings, and finally, in nearby and supposedly ghboiriy Latin the incredibly hostile recep- President Nixon. in this confusing month, we had not only-fhren'the Moiseyev Dancers at the possibly the ever accorded visitors from the supreme Sovift; had also paid them'the supreme American wt ll nl to Madison Square Garden and the SuBivani'Show. We even gave them a cocktail party at ftt least so far as could be seen, there were no untoward incidents. Underneath all the confusion, however, there was, possibly, a point to the month. In contrast to Vice President Nixon's tour, the New, York Philharmonic, in then- tour of Latin America, and in the same countries, found, the people, they-reported, "warm and friendly." And in Caracas, Venezuela, at, almost exactly the same spot where the car of-Mr.

and Mrs. Nixon received its smattering of ignorance, a young man named Leonard Bernstein, also' on a tour, was wildly cheered. Also in and Mrs. Louis Armstrong were wildly cheered. Finally, here in New York, as anyone who the Moiseyevs knows, there was not only bravoing 'and cheering and waving on'the part of the audience, there was also bravoing and cheering and waving back on the part of the people on the stage.

Obviously there is, the world over, an intense desire to communicate, this is now equally communication must be as far as possible from the governmental level. Is this so vastly different from the way we ourselves feel? We cheer the to the rafters, but it still takes, on some days, some is policemen to guard the Russian consulate. (Even calm periods there are no less than half a dozen.) We applauded the Russian chess players a couple of years ago at the Hotel Roosevelt-as undoubtedly they will applaud our 15-year-old Bobby, Fischer in Moscow this if Khrushchev had tried to come here at, say. the time of the Hungarian-crisis, even our vaunted Secret Service would have been hard put to him. Of course, there are good answers to 'these problems, but there are also some.

bad ones: Miss Marian Anderson's and Mr. Edward R. Murrow's "Lady from Philadelphia" was a brilliant example of the former. President Eisenhower's moving of the troops after the Nixon incident was a sorry example of the latter. Perhaps the gloomiest piece of news in the field of international private public relations, or whatever, was the fact that the one non-governmental organization which was just getting started in this field, "People-to-People" Foundation, is, as of the end of this month, foundering.

"People-to- People" was set up a year ago last September when President Eisenhower assembled a group of industrialists and bankers in Washington-he called them "a cross section of American brains and told them the problem was for them to work out ways people together, "to leap governments," he said, "if necessary, to evade Soon there were 42 individuals. In turn these troups, in an attempt to corollate'what was called a "42- neaded monster," chose as their over-all president Mr. Charles E. (for General (and former IWense Mobilized, and not to be confused with Mr. Charles (for Wilson, tf General Motors (and former Defense Secretary).

"Frankly." says Mr. Wilson, a modest man who prefers to of himself in the third person, couldn't get the intag off the ground." The basic trouble with-the "People- to-People" program was that nobody really believed particularly in view of connected with it, that it was People and not Government. In contrast to its failure, how- there-is, on.the teen-age level, an equally striking success quiet and incredibly able work of the American field Service. An outgrowth of the old Ambulance Service whtch served in both World Wars, the Field Service started in 1947 with 17 students. This summer they will send some 900 American abroad (60 of whom will stay on for' fall study) and in turn will next fall receive no less than 1,200 students from 34 countries who will go to high school and actually iive with individual American families, for 10 months in The individual community raises $650 for the student and the students themselves contribute part of the remainder.

031 111 3 Worid War I hcad the Ambulance Service in Worid War II. has administered th a ll 015 and typical of him that he immediately credits, the idea to George Van Santvoord; former headmaster of Hotchkiss School. "We have no 'big says Mr. Galatti. "We just have a simple, workable middle-class program both ways.

We don't just choose caivpay. We choose them and then ask can help. The key to it is the teen-age level. They are pliable and though we haven't been able et back of the Iron curtain yet. we are not going to give up try.

best thing is that the kids stick with after' ffiS iSS we have 36 committees of our kids in 36 Mademoiselle Monique Sirand from A America all Americans were either millionaires or or delinquent5 Stan them eVCn under- the boys who would just sit around and talk baseball I love America. The only thing I hate is leaving." Amory in the Saturday Review of the TV VON NARDROFF, current isolation booth (has) awesome wtft of disparate facts and figures on "Twenty-One" fe nf A UL ui a en uanoOu (in the Columbia populated by intellectual father teacher, a brother who now Sumbif grandfather who-was a professor of mda. who Is 32 and unmarried, claims it was weU-n evitable that a steady percolation of lore and erudition hito her young mind during its formative years, fact that she conscientiously refused to be a grind "I don't care a hoot about the top prizewinner on TV Elfnda. "I'm only delighted at getting none of which I will see until .1 go off the show. In a'few 111 my winnings and quit, assuming I'm not put out first, I'll need what's left after taxes to support myself for the next three years while I try to get my fn psychology.

Then I will probably.