The Eugene Guard from Eugene, Oregon • Page 6

EUGENE REGISTER-GUARD. Sunday, August 8. 1962 Page 1A 102 Silenced by Law New Qag Imposed in S. Africa i'S-. other nonwhites from whites.

On the list is Albert Luthuli, the Alrican leader and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize for his fight against segregation called apartheid here. Before the antisabotage bill, Luthuli wrote a column for a Johannesburg newspaper but it was dropped long ago in anticipation of the crackdown. Under the law, newspapers could publish Lu-thuli's obituary but if a banned person orates at his funeral not a word of that can be published. A reporter given a statement by Luthuli must first get permission to publish from Justice Minister Balthazar Vorster. If a foreign newspaper or magazine should enter South Africa with a statement by Luthuli or any other person on the banned list it cannot be distributed.

The distributor would be held responsible if it slipped by. Another person on the list is Peter Nthite, a Negro who became romantically involved in February, 1961, with Swedish authoress Sarah Lidman. Nthite was accused of violating the Immorality Act which forbids sexual relations between whites and nonwhites. The Johannesburg attorney who defended Miss Lidman, Mrs. Shulamith Muller, also is on the list, although she no longer lives in South Africa.

Of the 102 banned persons 52 are whites. In newspaper offices, the remark was making the rounds that a reporter also has to be a lawyer or have one close at hand to know what to write. The government contends the act makes no restrictions on press freedom or civil liberties. "The safety of the state is priority number one," says a government pamphlet explaining the anti-sabotage act. Justice Minister Vorster says the act "closes certain loopholes which enabled the Communists to evade" previous legislation.

"South Africa remains a prime target in the eyes of Communist strategists," the justice minister says. "It would constitute criminal neglect on the part of any government to allow Communist subersion-ists to go unchecked and continue to undermine the safety of the state and the freedom of its subjects." Asserting the law is aimed at subversives only, Vorster says "no law-abiding and peace-loving person would ever know of the existence of the act, or would ever come in conflict with it." Nevertheless, the act as it pertains to published statements by banned persons has South African editors worried. Government sources say the testimony of a banned court defendant may be quoted "provided it is not communistic propaganda." But, editors ask, who is to decide what is Com-nist propaganda? The law says that the first offense for publishing such testimony is punishable by one year in jail. The second offense is two years. The view of the Johannesburg Rand Daily Mail is this: "The whole conception of this is so foreign to the tradition of a free press that journalists will take some time to realize that it is now their responsibility to impose the gag on the government's behalf.

"The voice of communism in this country has never been strong. The real reason for this provision is the government's determination to protect the African from liberalism which it equates with communism." By RICHARD KASISCHKE Of the Assoclited Press JOHANNESBURG, South Africa "His words cannot go into print." So said a headline in the Johannesburg Star. It appeared over a story about a court case involving Leon Levy and the story said in part: "Alter the charge had been placed. Magistrate D. J.

Bosman asked, 'What do you "Levy: (He did plead but his words cannot be Leon Levy's name is on a list of 102 South Africans whose spoken words and writings must not be published in the press. In this way the government of Prime Minister Hendrik F. Verwoerd seeks to crack down on those it calls subversives and Communists. George Peake, whose name appears on the list of the censored, is a member of the city council of Cape Town. A South African press association report about a council meeting went his way: "Mr.

Peake spoke during the debate on whether the chairman of the markets and licenses committee should accompany the director of the market on a tour of outside market production areas. "In terms of the General Law Amendment bill, Mr. Peake's speech may not be reported." The General Law Amendments Act is popularly known as the antisabotage law. It rolled through the last session of Parliament despite waves opposition from liberals. The government claims it needs the law to stop what it calls a rising tide of communism over this segregated nation.

The liberals charged it is a weapon forged by Verwoerd's regime to hold on to its policies of strict segregation of Negroes and 'HxV Spotlight .5 v- 4 Japanese Hope to Use Telstars PRIME MINISTER JAWAHARLAL NEHRU Showdown This Week By CONRAD FINK TOKYolwith'MaTshow- Plagued by Illness, 72 Years Old ing me way, Japanese electron- ics engineers hope to make East Nehru Era May Be Ending Brazils Congress, Goulart Square Off meet West in the next few years. They envision a satellite communications network that will put Japan as close to America as the television sets in living rooms from San Francisco to By HENRY S. BRADSIIER million persons in India will coming his acknowledged suc-ot the Associated press have an income of only $112 cessor, but now his attitude NEW DELHI, India "Nehru apiece. seems changed slightly, has not yet disappeared. It is One leading conlender to sue- Krishna Menon stands to the a silly question (to ask what cecd Nehru is Morarji R.

Dcsai, left, Desai to the right of the Long island. And if all goes By TOM MASTERSON Of the Associated Press RIO DE JANEIRO President ters, but distributors say Goulart, a wily politician, ernment ceilings are too low -t will happen after him)." 66, the craggy and abstemious dominant Congress party. The well, television imag America is to span the vast Pacific, entering the villas of Ja squares off against the Brazilian for them to sell at a profit. 1 11U eputtKUi uawMiiaiiai ill: is luiuum; i vj laviiuus uiiiu bautc, Nehru. No.

2 in the government. other out and let in a comprc- The 72-year-old Prime Min- Nehru acknowledged this re- mise replacement for Nehru, ister gets annoyed when people cently by naming Desai to pre- This could be Home Minister wonder aloud about the end side at cabinet meetings in his Lai Bahadur Shastri, 58, meek- What Goulart wants is clear pan's rich and the thatched roof congress lor a snowaown ligni this week. the abolishment of the parlia- huts of its poor with a flick of a The stakes are high. mentary system adopted hur- Knoo. of the Nehru era.

absence. He has given Desai sig- looking but a skillful politician, Goulart wants to win back the riedly to pull the country out Or it could be Nehru's only powers once granted Brazilian 01 tne neat ol the Quadros en- a year ago. It stripped Gou presidents. This era has encompassed all nificant pats on the back. 15 years of independence for The Prime Minister has pos- this vast nation with 454 mil- sibly done this to offset the ef- lion inhabitants about as many forts of V.

K. Krishna Menon Japan's semigovernment National Broadcasting Corp. (NHK) hopes the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo will be televised live. The Olympics, however. child, Mrs.

Indira Gandhi, 44. She is sometimes strong-willed. She reportedly talked her father into throwing out a Corn- Africa and Latin America to build up a separate, dynamic are dismissed as "two weeks of comDjneti. Nenru has moulded image of himself. The defense munist-run government if) Ker- lart of the important powers of the presidency and left him a virtual figurehead.

Goulart, chafing under these restrictions, has set out to force the Chamber of Deputies to amend the constitution, set a games by some thinkers behind Congressional leaders seem just as determined to deny him those powers. Another cliff-hanging crisis may result. Some Brazilians voice fear that another crisis like the one aia state in 1959. the nation and strongly influ- minister, 65, has moved more enced its people. out of the shadow of his boss Japan's satellite communications projects.

DesDite his disnleasure there ana sponsor. Some observers feel she would only be a Nehru name in front of someone else, like Shai-tri or maybe Krishna Menon. They see the satellites as a Nehru has often maneuvered is increasing talk of the era date for a plebiscite and let the rcVolut that followed Janio Quadros' "opic i whether to keep he end because of the illness that keep any one man from be. resignation and drove Brazil to lQf eJZZZ for the geographically isolated nlaori Nhr 1hnn, parliamentary system or return Reactions to U. S.

Vary British Tourists Lured by Ads By EDDY GILMORE Of the Associated Press LONDON "I have just spent two weeks in the United States as a British tourist," said Vincent Mulchrone, "and it was the experience of a lifetime. "I went there with a lot of prejudices, but the American people dissolved them. Never anywhere have I been treated with such overall kindness and courtesy." Mulchrone is no starry-eyed tourist. A pilot in World War II, he is one of Britain's top-flight reporters, covering many areas of the world. "Oh, yes," he continued, "I've seen the Taj Mahal by moonlight and I suppose I've sampled the samples in more bars and restaurants in more countries than most men.

America's greatest tourist attraction is its people." The U.S. Travel Service has been inserting ads in British newspapers on how to tour the U.S.A. for about $100 a week. Mulchrone and his paper, the Daily Mail, decided to try it. "No, I didn't get by on $14 a he said, "but I suppose I could have.

I averaged $22.40 a day. Some days, however, it cost me only $8.50. "I went to the medium-priced places and I ate very well and saw a great deal of wonderful scenery." Starting in Miami and traveling by bus, he visited Alabama, New Orelans, the Great Smoky National Park in Tennessee, Washington and New York. SOME LESS ENTHUSIASTIC Other British reporters also have tested the advertisements. They are less enthusiastic than The Daily Express' New York columnist, Peter Evans, started out in New York where, after a diligent search, he found a hotel room for $4.50.

He described it as "a sort of swollen broom cupboard." By the time he hit Williamsburg, Va. his $100 was down to $47. When he reached New Orleans, he reported: "Recklessly, I spent my last 90 cents on a watery beer on Bourbon Street in the wee small hours of the morning and tang my private blues." DISENCHANTED AT SUGGESTION Evans was definitey disenchanted at the suggestion that a Briton (or anyone else) can tour the U.S. on $100 a week. Whether they can or can't, however, British tourists are visiting the United States in increasing numbers.

In the first six months of 1962, the American embassy and 8 consulates issued 49,215 nonimmigrant visas against 38,199 in the same period of 1961. Visa chief Charles Gilbert says a far higher proportion of British working men are making the trip now. "They apparently have no worries about the money," he explained, "and on their holiday in the States they often plan to take wife and children." 'HOW TO TOUR THE U.S.A.' The full page advertisements attracting British tourists ttimulate the urge to travel in America. One features a Mississippi riverbnat and is headed: "How to tour the U.S.A. for 35 pounds a week." That is $98 The ad goes on (with British monetary terms translated to dollars) "Petrol (gasoline) costs 30 cents a gallon.

You can stay at hotels with swimming pools for as little as $5.60 a night, see the Grand Canyon for $14 (mule included), spend a week on a ranch for $64.40 and dine out on your experiences for the rest of your life." the brink of civil war could spell disaster for the country. Even should Goulart and his to the presidential system. Goulart seems sure of a vie nations of Asia and perhaps the our months. answer to one of Japan tough- Nehru est communications problems. shc of man who 'once For rapid communications, bounded up staircases and Japan is linked with the U.S.

charged into crowds of affec- lory in any such plebiscite. He prime minister withdraw from a clear that he and 1119 MUIUC, lailllUb 1JU11 OlUll to head off trouble for hapless West Coast across almost 6,000 miles of ocean by shortwave radio. These circuits often are out of the doldrums without presidential powers. Also there seems little doubt that crowded, disrupted by atmos tionate followers. His Illness has not been defined but it seems to involve an infection of the urinary tract.

If he heeds his doctors, this autocratic democrat must loosen his grip on every aspect of Indian life. But Nehru sees Brazilians are disenchanted with the virtual breakdown in government under the parliamentary system. pheric conditions and are incapable of carrying television signals. Radio waves transmitted by satellite travel on higher fre- many things still to do and feels que'neies capable of breaking he alone can do them. ihrougn tne atmospnerics, can ilc wants lo nsuro economic carry much more traffic and, as development to raise his people Telstar proved, are able to from an avcrage annual income transmit TV signals clearly.

of $70 person. The prohlcm is The engineers say smaller so vast that even it aI1 internai and poorer Asian countries now stI.aining and foreign borrowing establishing international com- succeed until 1967, the then 625 munications networks might be (if nous matecs SWIM SUITS ON SALE MONDAY AUG. 6th 9:30 A.M. able to jump directly to satellite I Brazil. A government without power could do little to improve the country's plight.

Labor unions, held in check by Goulart up to now, might carry out their threats of general strikes. To stave off a threat of ruin, military leaders might feel forced to interfere and take over. With those threats hanging over his opponents, Goulart has chosen his own battlefield and primed his weapons well. Two weapons are beans and rice, the staple foods of ordinary Brazilians. More than anything else, a phony shortage of beans and rice has brought home to the people the chaotic situation their country has reached.

Goulart, who knows his people well, is capitalizing on the shortages and the myriad of ailments besetting this nation. To many Brazilians, a power struggle in the isolated capital of Brasilia is something remote. But a meal without beans and rice is like dinner without meat and potatoes to an American. Most items in short supply are in abudance in production ccn- How did they evei make a movie of LOLITA New Prayer KITCHENER, Ont. UP Mcnnonite mission ary Nelson Litwiller of Elkhart, with tongue in cheek, proposed to the Mennonite World Conference here a new prayer for a world dominated by the nuclear arms race: God of the rabbit and the mole, We thank Thee for our plastic hole Where, refugees from cosmic rays, We spend congested holidays.

When blooms the crocus, buoyed by hope, We view it through a periscope. Va II Oil? rctluccil and mors communications, skipping the intervening methods. Since Japan has built neither a satellite nor a rocket to boost one into orbit, these electronic dreams depend to a great ex- tent on American cooperation. But developing a rocket and satellite system from scratch is extremely expensive and Ja-. pan's 19(52 budget for space technology totalled just 000.

As a result, television and communications i I als are talking of leasing satellites. i Telstar, with maximum height in orbit of 3.450 miles, is too low to relay signals from Japan. PBS7a.Hy-:a-! OVI it 3 TEAM LEE MARINA DEL MAR if DARLENE JANTZEN CATALINA imnti it froutiw rat unaium STARTS WED. HEILIG iew Arrivals for Bach to School 1 CUCATCDC Lb1 4 J- and SKIRTS DARLENE PENDLETON JOAN MARIE TAMI Dyed to match colors USE OUR LAYAWAY PLAN SH T-WI. 3 Aiitfttr; i.

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