The Courier-Journal from Louisville, Kentucky • Page 7

SECTION 1 THE COURIER.JOURNAL, LOUISVILLE, SATURDAY MORNING, JULY 22, 1961 The Neighbors By George Claris Fakery Confuses Cold-War Issues Br C. L. SULZBERGER, 1961 New York Timei News Service 3. 1 II a it had been widely distributed for weeks and, in the second place, it is suspected as a fake. One can understand why in the Middle East, where literacy standards are still low, where the radio plays a more influential role than the newspaper, and where a story is judged more by juiciness than by veracity, the value of the lie is great.

It is less easy to comprehend why the more experienced and skeptical Western world so often lends credence to the fake. Phonies By Mail As Bertram D. Wolfe, a distinguished Kremlinologist, said some years ago of the delicious but spurious Litvinov "These spicy, disjointed, bemusing, bed-time-story concoctions tend to drive out of circulation the more serious studies of the secretive and real nature of the Soviet systems." And now that Russian propagandists have detected the hunger of capitalist newspapers for documents, real or unreal, they are making a business of feeding them phonies in the mails. It would be a wise precaution were all serious editors to cow diplomat named Bessedovsky who showed considerable genius. This group produced some gaudy "memoirs" by Litvinov, Stalin's erstwhile Foreign Minister; a concocted Stalin a marvelous memoir of "My Uncle Joe" by Stalin's nonexistent nephew, and an intimate revelation called "The Soviet Marshals Speak." Students have proved that these were phonies but not until they had been widely circulated.

Fascinating Fake Forgers produced a fascinating autobiography of the late General Vlasov, the Soviet general who commanded an army of Russian war prisoners for Hitler and was later executed. France's most serious military review drew significant deductions from an alleged thesis by Marshal Bulganin which he never wrote. Unfortunately, the competitive in-stincts and credulity of the Western free press help provide a ready market for Cold War forgers. It is always possible for an old document such as the Khrushchev view of Mao which may or may not be counterfeit to be warmed up and served larded with "circumstantial evidence" of such things as C.I.A. plotting with French generals to overthrow de Gaulle.

Hard To Tell It is sometimes hard to be certain whether a document is genuine. When a French Trotskyite magazine published a paper allegedly drafted in Moscow on Khrushchev's quarrel with Mao Tse-Tung, experts doubted its validity. Certain distinguished journals bought it nevertheless as "news" although it had been on newsstand sale for weeks. The anti-Communist expert of Le Figaro, distinguished Paris morning journal, labeled it a Yugoslav fabrication and the British merely suspect it as a phony. Forgery as a propaganda technique is far from novel.

It has always appealed to naivete, prejudice and wishful thinking. But the art of forgery and the effectiveness of its dissemination have improved. After 1945 a regular "factory" for producing phony documents was established in Paris by Russian refugees to embarrass the U.S.S.R. and enrich the authors. The most imaginative contributor was a former Mos ONE of the oddest Cold War battlefronts is that of the forgers who sometimes for propaganda, sometimes for mischief, sometimes for personal profit are unloading fake documents on a puzzled world.

Certain of these documents are obviously phony; others are so clever that not even experts can be sure if they are contrived; but all of them manage, sooner or later, to find their way into print. Over four years, the C.I.A. has uncovered 32 such false papers in which Communist psychological warriors sought to embarrass the United States Ty disseminating lies. Early this year a purportedly "secret British Cabinet paper" on Africa was circulated to make trouble between African nationalists, Americans and British. Toward the end of the Eisenhower Administration a similar creation had Assistant Defense Secretary Frank Berry admitting that most of our Strategic Air Command crews were dangerously neurotic.

Other forgeries have sought to con-vince our allies that the United States spies on them, that Bonn is preparing a law to muzzle the press, that Washington favors North African Arabs over France. Coupled with such inventions have been reports "Dad, this dealer must be outta his mind. He's offering us this beauty for your car and eight hundred dollars!" as unmething new and exclusive de. analyze such "disclosures" with great spite the fact that, in the first place, care before they publish them. TO YOUR GOOD HEALTH Answers To Questions On Variety Of Ailments DAVID LAWRENCE Sayst Europeans Confident: Solution Short Of War By JOSEPH G.

MOLNER, M.D. have any relation to healing a severe wound or mending a broken leg?" The answer is that nothing you do or don't eat will have any direct effect. But you'll get along best with an ordinary, good, balanced diet and you'll get along less well if you eat an improper diet day in and day out. "Dear Dr. Molner: I have been to two doctors and each told me nothing can be done about my trouble.

All over my body I have tiny blood-red spots which have started showing during the last two months, loth doctors said I am in good health. I am Little spots such as you de- sprtho nrrur in thfi Kkin of heavy. Don't expect a foundation garment to do what a reasonable and healthy diet and more exercise will do for her. "Dear Dr. Molner: My tongue it splitting open all over, very raw, tentitive.

Very often there are white patches, and I don't enjoy my food any more. I am 25. Mrt. G. There are several possibilities: a glossitis or infection of the tongue due to fungus or 'other infections; allergy to foods, nuts and citrus fruits; Vitamin deficiency; sensitivity to some toothpaste or mouthwash, or even some material in a denture, even though, of course, care is taken to avoid materials known to cause sensitivities; use antibiotic lozenges; excessive smoking.

The white patches could be small ulcers, or they could be "furring," which is known as geographical tongue. An examination by your physician should give an immediate clue as to which type is most likely to be the cause. "Dear Dr. Molner: Could you write about Empyema? A member of the "Dear Dr. Molnr: My ton, 18, hat mononucleosis.

Such a word! But tuch a disease, tool "He was hospitalised four dayi, than confined at horn in btd 10 dayi. But he (till does not fool up to par. What do you suggest so ho can regain hit strength? I don't want him to mitt the partiot and all the fun for young people of hit N. Ample rest and good food will bring gradual return of his strength. Since he needed, hospitalization and bed rest afterward, his case was heavier than some.

It's not a deadly disease but it's commoner than a lot of people realize, and the revovery sometimes is a pretty pokey process. "Dear Dr. Molner: I have a daughter 11 years old. She weighs 140 pounds. She it about 5 feet, 4 inchet tall.

Could the wear a light foundation garment without any complications? I have heard that it might interfere with her growth. Mrt. P. There is no interference with body growth from such a foundation garment. Girls at this age sometimes (I said trim up as they mature, but for her height and weight it's clear that she's too family hat it.

1 found out today he had a slight hemorrhage. M.D." Empyema is pus in the pleural space the space between the lungs and the rib cage. Any infection in the lung is a possible cause, but it is more frequent when fluid has collected in the space as a result of pleurisy. Some other causes are tuberculosis and pneumonia. An injury that penetrates the chest wall into the pleural cavity can, of course, admit infection.

And there are many other possibilities. Empyema, because the area is not easy to reach, can be stubborn to cure, and in particularly obstinate cases surgery may be necessary to achieve complete drainage and get rid of the infection and pus. "Dear Dr. Molner: I have been told that diet has no relation to arthritis. What do you say? Are there any special foods I should or should not oat? Mrs, J.

You've been told the truth. Diet has no direct relationship, but a generally poor diet lets your system run down. It's about like saying: "Does diet some people as they get older. I think you have been properly advised by the two doctors and I'd forget the matter even though the spots are a nuisance from the standpoint of appearance. Dr.

Molner is always happy to hear from his readers, but he regrets that he cannot answer individual letters due to the great number received daily. Whenever possible he uses readers' questions in his column. Copyright, 11, Field interprets, Int. PARIS THE people of Western Europe may have inner worries about the Berlin crisis, but they show no outward signs of uneasiness. Whether it be in a big country like France or in little Denmark, the people are going about their business and everyday affairs confident that somehow their respective governments will find a solution without war.

But the real apprehension is inside the governments, large and small. The officials who carry the responsibility see no easy way to settle the controversy over Berlin, though some of the newspaper editorials, especially in Britain, continue to emphasize possible compromises. Maybe this could make Moscow feel that the external firmness hides only vacillation Inside the Western alliance. The Guardian of Manchester, England, suggests a six-power control commission, with rights of access to Berlin to be guaranteed. It argues that this could be a "package deal" in return for some concessions to the Communists, such as "limited recognition of East Ger-man The Guardian adds, however: "It is the height of folly to talk as though the West cannot maintain Us position in West Berlin by nonmilitary means.

It can operate an airlift, and it can apply economic pressure." Newspaper comments, of course, do not by any means reflect the wide range of suggestions being made as to peaceful steps that might be taken. Lots of speculation is heard, but it is significant that the notes just sent by the British, French and American Governments to Moscow contain sterner language than has been used in a long time in dealing with the Soviets. It is worth noting that the blunt words of Secretary of State Rusk in his speech before the National Press Club in Washington last week by now have been followed by a scathing address in the House of Lords by Lord Home, the British Foreign Secretary. Lord Home said flatly that the Communists are to blame for the trouble over Berlin and "other incidents breaking out like a disease across the face of the world." But, in spite of these strong words, the Kremlin appears still to be relying on dissension among the Western allies. Free countries, to be sure, do not function as smoothly in international matters as they might, because there is no dictatorship to impose discipline.

Yet, while co-ordination is still lacking, the action of such governments the end turns out to have behind it the solid backing of public opinion. President Kennedy in his Wednesday press conference spoke wistfully of the fact that it has taken the Western allies six weeks to agree on the phrasing of their notes to Moscow on the Berlin issue, and that agreement among allies isn't easy to achieve. But, in the present instance, this is at least not as big a disadvantage as it might appear. For the very process of reaching a unified agreement takes time, and the evident support being given by public opinion in all the allied countries is in itself more important than the actual phrasing of the notes themselves. Professional diplomats have always endeavored to give an adversary a way out, and have introduced ambiguities of language and implicit hints of ways of settlement.

But these are really words of self-restraint rather than of any retreat from principle. For-the Western allies! however cumbersome their method, have made it clear that the wartime alliance which helped to save the Soviet Union cannot be torn to shreds now by her own arbitrary procedures, and that a peace treaty to end the war if it affects the rights of other allies can be honored only if it is made with the consent of all who fought on the victorious side. Otherwise, agreements growing out of a wartime alliance become invalid. This is something which could cause turmoil behind the Iron Curtain. In fact, Khrushchev already has created a shaky economy in East Germany by his instigation of the present crisis psychology.

The longer he carries on his blus-ter-and-bluff tactics, the more chance he runs of provoking a chain reaction inside the Communist bloc. It could cause his whole empire to be threatened from within. For nowhere is there evidence that any peoples really want war. mi, Now York Hereld Tribune, Int. Science Mimics A Firefly By LYNN POOLE, Johns Hopkins Universily THE thousands of yellow flashes you see at dusk this time of year have long been a mystery to science.

And the fireflies which produce these flashes in their tails have been unwilling to share with scientists the secret of just how they do it. But recently man has learned a part of the secret, and now he can produce firefly glow artificially in the laboratory for the first time. This accomplishment was recently made at Johns Hopkins University, where firefly luciferin, one of the principal agents in producing the insect's glow, has been successfully synthesized. Luciferin itself doesn't glow, but with it the Hopkins scientists can now add other laboratory chemicals to gain a test-tube glow identical to the one in the firefly's tail. Professor William D.

McElroy, chairman of the biology department at Johns Hopkins who has directed research into the firefly's conversion of chemical energy into light energy for more than 14 years, had succeeded in isolating the elusive luciferin some years ago. But man was still unable to produce this luciferin synthetically, and had to rely on minute amounts of it from fireflies to continue his research. Found Chemical Make-Up Recently another Hopkins scientist, Dr. Emil White, of the department of chemistry, was able to discover the chemical make-up of luciferin. Dr.

White points out that the synthesis he used is undoubtedly different from the way that the firefly itself manufactures luciferin. But his discovery has solved part of a puzzling mystery, and has made a difficult task much easier for science. Previous to Dr. White's accomplishment, large amounts of fireflies had to be caught to produce enough luciferin for study. It would have taken 50 million fireflies to isolate only an ounce of natural luciferin.

Now chemists can easily synthesize ounce quantities of luciferin. The uses for luciferin in the future are uncertain, Dr. White explains. Although firefly luciferin is unique in that it produces an almost perfectly efficient, heat-free light, commercial luciferin would be inconvenient and expensive to produce. But for science the main problem is still unsolved: how the firefly in particular, and all living cells in general, can transform energy from one form to another.

And, Speaking Of Bugs To Avoid Mosquitoes, Try Not Breathing By National Geographic Society Country Parson i if I HI rJ rrrSHfHf rJ rd rJ rirdr At light-hearted 86 proof or at 100 proof bottled in bond, you "Any intelligent man will tell you he doesn't know the truth and will go right on seeking it." unmistakable HUNGRY mosquitoes will bite a warm billiard ball, but they prefer people. And they prefer some people to others. Department of Agriculture entomologists have found that mosquitoes seldom bite certain individuals, but frequently attack others. Researchers have studied everything, from folklore to metabolism in fin effort to discover why mosquitoes are finicky in their biting habits. The man who says mosquitoes never bother him because he smokes cigars is right up to a point.

A pungent cigar may repel a stray mosquito buzzing around a screened porch. The same cigar, however, would not deter a swarm of mosquitoes, Carbon dioxide, warmth and moisture apparently are the prime mosquito lures. The insects generally are attracted more to dark than light colors. Thin persons are favored targets because they have a higher metabolic rate and release more heat than others. One entomologist observed that a pale, motionless man in a white suit could avoid all annoyance from mosquitoes provided he stopped breathing.

Exhaled breath contains carbon dioxide, which is catnip to mosquitoes. Mosquitoes demand the amount of carbon dioxide given off in breathing no more. One researcher found that dummies drenched in the gas had no appeal for some species. When the gas was ex- CfVIL WAR ALBUM Disappointed Spectators PRESIDENT DAVIS was the overnight guest of his victorious generals on the field of Manassas. His surprise on learning that the Federals were not being pursued initiated a discussion, and it set a pattern for many more to come.

North and South, after every big battle, people would ask: "Why wasn't there any follow-up?" Dawn found President Lincoln on a lounge in his office, after a sleepless night. One thing he could do on July 22, 1861, was to sign an act of Congress empowering him to enlist 500,000 volunteers for three years, Walt Whitman remembered how "defeated troops commenced pouring into Washington over the Long Bridge at daylight baffled, humiliated, panic-struck." Congressmen, their ladies, and picknickers who had gathered at Centreville to see a Union victory, only to be swept up in a military debacle, now added to the hysteria. Word came that one civilian spectator, Representative Alfred Ely of New York, was a Confederate prisoner of war. People learned, too, that Col. James Cameron, brother of the Secretary of War, had been killed in combat.

His regiment was the 79th New York (the Highlanders) in Sherman's brigade. As reports and rumors crowded each other, the mills of politics continued to grind. The House passed John J. Crittenden's resolution, 117 to 2, denying "any purpose of conquest." Missouri's State Convention reassembled in Jefferson City. Sergeant Vnliell flavor haled mechanically at a normal breathing rate, the figures drew mosquitoes.

Species vary in their favorite biting targets. Aedes aegypti, the dreaded yellow fever carrier, prefers the body, while Aedes taeniorhynchus is lured to the face. The variation indicates that certain species of mosquitoes may be attracted to man and animals for different reasons. A Fillipino experimenter found that subjects who ate bananas appealed to mosquitoes. The insects apparently crave the chemicals found in the fruit as well as in blood, and are equipped with sensitive detectors that enable them to sniff out faint banana odors in perspiration.

Only female mosquitoes bite. An entomologist describes the male of most species as "an inoffensive little insect whose diet is nectar and about whose only function is propagation." that fulfills the lahel's promise: mfmmmtxm i JPA Ufc tail LSv4 I OLD -OjLD I FOIIESTIB iMKHItlMUn tOUttMMm I rtV18- Jba-c I I JPROOf i VaHHHHW' 100 PROOF t.r.o.eoM., itei.