The Courier-Journal from Louisville, Kentucky • Page 4

THE COURIER-JOURNAL, LOUISVILLE, MONDAY MORNING, AUGUST 17, 1936. Candidate Knox's Share the Wealth Plan Time and Tide New York Day By Day Shelby is ahead with thirty-one per cent. Franklin, Montgomery and Boyd with twenty-two per cent, Knox with twenty-one, and Breckinridge and Pulaski with twenty, are encouragingly close. The immediate effort is to raise twenty-six counties, maintaining such schools, which are below ten per cent, some of them far below. The difficulties are recognized.

The Negro population being scattered in the country, many are distant from the county high school. But sixty-one counties have Negro high schools, the others paying tuition to the nearest one. This condition is considerable of an obstacle and partially accounts for so many leaving in the but a disparity of twenty-six per cent between adjoining counties can't be explained entirely. gftg (ffgttrier-gfottrtud Consolidation of The Pocua November 2X 1823). Tha Louisville Dally Journal 1830.

The Mornlna Courier tl837. The Dally Democrat 184S. First Issued The Courier-Journal November 8. 1868. Founded by Henry Watterson and Walter N.

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Mr. D. M. Phelps, chief engineer. Frankfort, Ky.

BARBARISM. vicinity when the Lindbergh baby was brought there and every person who yelled "bring on the nigger" at Owensboro, and similar acts of barbarism, should be examined by a psy-chopathist as an inadequate and unadjusted person. At first thought one is inclined to the idea of segregating such persons and turning the gas on the entire lot as hopeless, under the general welfare clause of the Constitution, but such a large proportion of the people are of the emotional and inadequate class, as compared with the more civilized, that a great gap would be made in our population. It has been said many times over that civilization, such as we have, is maintained by 10 per cent of the people. Remove that 10 per cent and the world would turn back to barbarism.

But have we any claim to call ourselves civilized at all in the face of such exhibitions of low mentality as above mentioned? Thales, some 2,500 years ago, wept over the weakness of the race. Heraclitus scorned and denounced the race for its stupidity. Democritus laughed at its foibles and Christ wept over its sinfulness. And now some 1,900 years after Calvary man is still a savage animal with much of the tiger in nature. F.

C. Louisville. By HERBERT New Deal Promises In his West Virginia speech on August 13, Colonel Knox worked himself into a fit of denunciation over the broken promises of the Democratic Party. Speaking of the 1932 Democratic platform, Colonel Knox was unwise enough to say, "Every plank in their platform was thrown overboard. Every promise was broken." This charge of having broken all platform promises has been leveled at the New Deal so often that a number of people think it is true.

One must assume that these people have never read the 1932 platform a difficult assumption in the case of a man like Colonel Knox. Yet the fact remains that the percentage platform promises put into effect by the New Deal is one of the highest in American political history. There were only three important promises which, the New Deal has broken. In view of the emergency conditions in 1933, two of these promises could not have been kept without disastrous results. The third, in my opinion, could have been kept, and should have been kept.

Yet here, too, it is clear that the men responsible for breaking the promise thought their hands were being forced by a crisis which could be met in no other way. If they made a mistake, it was a mistake in judgment, not in morals. In this connection it is pleasant to recall the words of Mr. Charles P. Taft, Governor Landon's adviser.

Mr. Taft said that any politician who remains completely consistent "assumes his own infallibility and will destroy his country if he stays in power." In other words, a man in power in a shifting world must often do something he had not foreseen and which may go counter to some previous promise. Remembering this statement, made by a high Republican authority, let us turn to the New Deal record. The brief platform of 1932 includes the following impressive list of promises which have been kept: Reciprocal tariff agreements with other nations, and the calling of an international economic conference; Federal credit to States for unemployment relief; A Federal works program; Reduction in hours of labor, and "unemployment and old age insurance under State laws" (the latter being modified, perhaps, by the present system of Federal and State collaboration); "Effective control of crop surpluses," the raising of farm prices, and "better financing of farm The conservation, development, and use of the Nation's water power in the public interest; The Government to remain out of the field of private enterprise "except where necessary to develop public works and natural resources in the common "Protection of the investing Regulation of: (a) Holding companies; (b) Rates of utility companies operating across State lines; (c) Exchanges in securities and commodities; "Quicker methods of realizing on assets for relief of depositors of suspended banks" (this having been altered into the system of deposit insurance, which fulfills the spirit of the promise more completely than could be done by any other method); "The severance of affiliated security companies from, and the divorce of the investment banking business from, commercial banks;" Repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment. Finally, the platform condemns "paid lobbies of special interests," condemns the Hawley-Smoot tariff law, and advocates "continuous responsibility of government for human welfare." Against this impressive list of promises which came true we have three promises which were not and one which was either kept or violated defending on the point of view.

I refer, in this latter case, to the promise to establish a "sound currency." I do not believe the United States has ever had what could honestly be called a "sound" currency. But I believe it is more sound today than it was in 1932. Anti-New Deal economists, on the other hand, believe it is less sound. The question cannot be proved in scientific terms, so I do not list this promise either for or against the New Deal. There remain the three important broken promts.

Ons of there was for and drpstic reduction of Governmental expenditures;" another was for a balanced budget; another was for strengthening and impartial enforcement of anti-trust laws. The first two promises were reluctantly abandoned, for the time being, in view of the relief situation. Anyone who thinks they should not have been abandoned is under obligation to explain how human needs could have been met, during the emergency, if these promises had been strictly kept. No one, to date, has made such an explanation. The third promise was violated for the sake of N.R.A., which temporarily suspended the anti-trust laws.

I believe that this part of the N.R.A. was a serious mistake. No one has ever that the New Deal is immune from mistakes. In any case, this mistake has been recognized. The New Deal has promised to return to a rigorous anti-trust attitude; and the President's commission to study foreign co-operatives is a sign that at last an American Government is preparing to make use of the only anti-trust weapon which works.

I submit that this is an impressive record of promises kept, and of honorable reasons for the violation of the few promises that were not kept. I submit that this record stand up handsomely beside the record of any previous Administration. And I submit that Colonel Knox should be ashamed of telling the American public that "Every plank in their platform was thrown overboard. Every promise was broken. (Copyright, 1938, by The Courier-Journal Syndicate.) Substitutes for Spinach.

(Pathfinder.) Spinach, a conscientious mother, and a child with the average likes and dislikes all gathered together at one table usually spell an unpleasant meal or at least one not particularly outstanding because of its harmonious progress Spinach is a valuable part of the child's diet but it certainly is not worth the friction it causes in some cases. Almost any leafy green vegetable such as green cabbage, lettuce, water cress, or beet greens, will supply enough of the mineral so important in spinach. By O. O- McISTYRE. New York, Aug.

16. Diary: Up and George Matthew Adams almost persuaded me to visit his quarters in Noya Scotia, promising rain on the tin roof of the sleeping quarters And George Middleton sent his new play, "That Was Balzac!" in book form. Also a bravura from Hattie Bell Johnston seeing Russia with Walter Duranty as cicerone. So browsing at a Grand Central newsstand and found a piece in Pictorial Review I had forgotten writing. Back to my desk and Billy Socman had called and a long London letter from Tom Gcraghty full of Dickensey charm about the forlorn street singers and curb hawkers along the Strand.

To dinner with the Henry Sells and they off beplumed to some dancing dido. And my lady and I to call a moment on the young Will Hearsts, but they away. So up Park Ave. to sit awhile with Floience and Keats Speed and the way home stopped in at a place I discovered, before ordering an iced drink, was a clip joint. I was accosted by the famous Boo Hoo beggar along the west drive of Central Tark the other dusk probably the dozenth time our paths crossed.

Hatless. well dressed and collegiate looking, he approaches timidly for alms and when, as he usually is on account of his opulence, rebuffed, turns in sudden tears away. He will not not respond to call and most people, conscience-s i hurry after him. Nearly always a dollar is his reward. His story never varies.

He is a stranded Leland Stanford student and this, so help him, was the first time he ever stooped to begging. He has been at it five years and I'm told has a fat bank account. Amusement preneurs along Broadway classify the marcelled Harry Richman the ace of cabaret performers. And has been at the top for ten years. His own night club at its peak was the biggest of all money makers for the investment.

Often he has saved night clubs from bankruptcy by playing a two weeks' engagement or so. He gives everything he has each time out. His popularity is not confined to Manhattan but has been evidenced in Chicago, Miami, Saratoga and on the West coast. Film makers have never been able to project his personality screen wise. When they do, if ever, experts say it will put the Astaircs, the Robert Taylors and other prr-sonality-plus boys in the shade.

Buddy De Sylva is about the first of 'the successful song writers to shelve the game. He is giving it up for the simple reason he is tired of lyricizing after fifteen years. Too, he is comfortably fixed and will have time to pursue antique collecting, which is his hobby. De Sylva began as a fake Hawaiian, strumming a guitar and singing Waikiki melodies at Nat Goodwin's Ship cafe at Venice, Calif. He wrote many of Al Jolson's Winter Garden lyrics as well as those for George White's revues and for the movies.

He is a shade past 40 and is going to enjoy life while there's plenty of time. Wise lad! Watterson Rothacker Is one of the few successful Americans who, having acquired a fortune before 40. retired at that age to enjoy life with his family, to travel and see the world. Now and then, on account of his vast knowledge of the intricacies of the picture business, he has drawn back for a brief stay in executive chairs, but he doesn't stay haltered long. Just enough to iron out the difficulties and he goes back to the freedom of retirement.

The Englishmen have been far more successful at the business of chucking careers after they have provided a competence. The dream of most of them is to quit at least at 50 and enjoy the peace and quiet that go with the role of a country gentleman. Roy Howard, the story goes, ii gradually lightening the yoke to cast it off at 55. He's now 53. (Copyright.) Answers to Questions By FREDERIC 1.

BASKIN. A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Louisville Courier-Journal Information Bureau. Frederic J. Haskln. Director, Washington.

D. O. Pleas Inclose stsmp for reply. How much do American tourists spend abroad? J.L.F. A Expenditures of American tourists abroad last year totair.d $393,000,000.

Is Will H. Hays, czar of the movies, a Catholic? K. T. A Mr. Hays is an elder in the Presbyterian Church.

What country produces the most rayon yarn? E. R. A The United States produces more rayon yarn than any other country, accounting for about 27 per cent of the total in 1935. What is the largest village iu the United States? K. M.

A Oak Park, Illinois with a population, in 1W0, of 63,982. xjpulation, in The President On Neutrality In proclaiming the existence of a state of war between Ethiopia and Italy on October 5, 1935, thus establishing an embargo on arms, munitions and weapons of war to both belligerents, President Roosevelt emphasized the fact that a mere arms embargo was not enough to keep the United States out of other nations' conflicts. "In these circumstances," he declared, "I desire it to be understood that any of our people who voluntarily engage in transactions of any character with either of the belligerents do so at their own risks." In his notable address at Chautauqua last week the President elaborated this idea. "If we face the choice of profits or peace," he declared, "the Nation will answer must answer 'we choose Such profits are not confined to arms, munitions and weapons of war. They are not limited to what formerly were regarded as contraband goods.

They include the products of industry and agriculture, in fact The rush for these profits from 1914 to 1917 caused the United States to be embroiled in the European struggle, and the President foresees a similar rush in the event bf another conflict of the kind. "If war should break out again in another continent," he declared, "let us not blink the fact that we would find in this country thousands of Americans who, seeking immediate riches fools gold would attempt to break down our neutrality." To block their efforts would require an overwhelming public sentiment in favor of strict neutrality. The maintenance of such neutrality, according to the President, "depends today, as it did in the past, on the wisdom and determination of the President and Secretary of State." That wisdom and determination, however, must have the support of a united people unwilling to sacrifice peace for a false prosperity through profits from war. Laurel If every community in Kentucky, in proportion to its size, had the spirit and taste of Londonites in advertising the Laurel County Home Coming at Levi Jackson Wilderness Road State Park. August 22 and 23, traffic congestion on the highways would become unmanageable.

It is a dangerous suggestion. The invitation is accompanied with an extraordinarily attractive folder, bearing the title, "The Valley of Parks," by courtesy of the copyright owner, "in Kentucky's Laurel Land." The folder mentions the co-operative activities of the "Southeastern Kentucky Municipal League" and the "Firemen's Association" in promoting the 900,000 acres of parks and public forest areas being developed in Bell, Knox, Harlan, Laurel and Whitley. Cumberland Gap and Cumberland Park, Trail of the Lonesome Pine, Rhododendron Trail, Cumberland Falls, Skyland Highway, Pinnacle Mountain, the Laurel Mountain Festival, "Defeated Camp Cemetery" and the vista of Levi Jackson Park are all shown. The illustrated map marks the routes from Cumberland National Forest to Lynch and from Levi Jackson Park to Norris Dam, with directions indicated to the Bluegrass, Mammoth Cave and the Great Smokies. Laurel County is going to throw quite a party, according to the program; and, if expatriates, beguiled by the invitation, are enticed by the cover design into looking through the folder, they are likely to find their resistance registering zero against the inclination to spend a whole week up there.

The gentleman from Shelbyville who insinuated that the Highway Department wai deceiving the public about its financial resources misconstrued Highway Commissioner Humphreys invitation to him to inspect the books and be shown his error. He says the Commissioner can make a public accounting and save him the trouble; but that would not prevent the gentleman from questioning the statement. Evidently Commissioner Humphreys desired to avoid an interminable debate and convince the gentleman by the testimony of his own eyes. The Bell Countian who charges that there were only registration cards enough at the precincts in the August primary to accommodate the Democrats, has some figures to explain. But 3,277 votes were cast in the Democratic primary; yet The Middlesboro News reports a total of 8,868 registered, of whom a majority of 743 were Republicans, and the registration comes within 1,200 of the total vote in the last presidential election, approximating the average in State and National elections since 1920.

The contribution of the Republican Party to peace was the Briand-Kellogo anti-war pact. The Roosevelt contribution is real peace among the republics of the Western Hemisphere and an era of good feeling between the two Americas. The Indiana State Government's declaration of war on reckless drivers in the midst of a State campaign is reassuring in the inference that they do not constitute as large a minority as was suspected. MONDAY August 17, 1936 The Pension Drive Opposed The National Press Club Post of the American Legion in Washington has taken a praiseworthy stand in urging that the fight for pensions for widows and orphans of men who have died from causes not connected with war service be abandoned. The pension drive it characterizes as a foot in the door toward pensions for all.

General pensions, it points out, contradict the attitude of the Legion against such a measure. "General Hines (Veterans' Administrator)," declares the National Press Club Post, "has estimated the cost of such widows and orphans' pensions at nearly $4,000,000,000 by 1966. This is more than the cost of compensation for service-connected World War death, and service-connected World War disability during the eighteen years which have elapsed since the war. Advocacy of this pension has heretofore weakened our ability to protect the victims of war, and its continued advocacy may well endanger the security to which actual war victims are by rights entitled. Therefore the Washington post declares that the Legion should devote its attention to the welfare of widows and orphans of veterans who died of service-connected disability and drop this initial move toward general pensions.

The National Press Club Post has shown wisdom, honesty and patriotism. Whether others follow it remains to be seen. A pension drive has been expected since the prepayment of the bonus, but extended pensions and general pensions, if enacted, in a short time will call for more than all the revenue of the Government. Spain's Future Status In an interview last week with Frank L. Kluckhorn, correspondent of The New York Times at Seville, Gen.

Francisco Franco, generalissimo of the Spanish rebel forces, declared that the insurrectionists did not desire a Fascist Government and if victorious would advocate the drafting of a liberal constitution as soon as a military dictatorship had established order. Two days later the rebel leader was quoted by a Lisbon newspaper as favoring a corporative system along lines established in Italy, Germany and Portugal. In his first announcement General Franco promised "long-needed social reforms," freedom of worship and separation of Church and State, the end of class warfare and a constitution assuring justice to middle-class property owners as well as those of the working class. In his second public statement he declared "the army is acting as a surgeon to save Spain from daath. An operation in the form of a military dictatorship will last as long as A Government of experts like that in Portugal is the ultimate objective.

As a matter of fact neither General Franco nor anyone else can predict the future status of Spain at this moment. Speculation involves too many factors. First, the war must be won and then the various factions on the winning side will vis for supremacy. If the rebels get the upper hand the republic eventually may be continued on ultra -conservative lines, the monarchy may be re-established or a Fascist regime may be set up with or without the monarchy. All these elements are represented in the heterogeneous opposition to the Madrid Government.

By holding out one prospect to the United States, and another to Portugal, General Franco may be seeking the sympathy of liberal Americans and Fascist-minded Portuguese for his cause. The dual picture, however, is wasted effort. The future of Spain is unpredictable. The only certainty seems to be that in the event of a long war the nation will be prostrated, on its ruins will rise a Leftist or Rightist dictatorship, and the slow and difficult process of reconstruction will be carried on under miltary rule. A Negro High School Problem The continued efforts of the State Department of Education to bring up the enrollment in Negro high schools is one of the results of the statistical information the Department has been acquiring over a period of years.

It knows definitely where defects in the system exist, as the State Government should after another year or two under the reorganization plan. The census of 58,116 Negro children includes 5,855 in high school. On a twelve year basis, there should be thirty per cent in high school, provided they all continued the course. The Department has set its goal at twenty-five per cent, 14,529. To the Editor of The Courier-Journal.

The problem of civilization is to save the world from the ill adjusted, the inadequate and the underendowed. And there is no better occasion to discover what a large element of our population comes within the three categories than the hanging of the Negro Bethea at Owensboro, the funeral of Pretty Boy Floyd and the morbid behavior of the people during the excitement over the Lindbergh baby. The Courier-Journal thought the attendance of 20,000 persons at the funeral of Pretty Boy Floyd was an exhibition of the low mental qualities of the people, not at all to their advantage, and so expressed itself in an editorial. The writer happened' to be in Trenton, N. when the body of the Lindbergh baby was brought there to be placed in a casket.

I had occasion to attempt to pass in front of the funeral home shortly after Lindbergh arrived. My chauffeur, however, was compelled to detour two blocks away from the funeral home, the crowd being so large that all streets were blocked. As soon as the hearse which bore the casket left the funeral home, a parade of manv automobiles belonging to the morbid and curious immediately turned in after the vehicle. Days before the body was found automobiles would come from the country and towns around, and many from New York, and take up their stand overlooking the Lindbergh home and stare all day long. The majority brought their lunch.

Children go where they are taken, but every adult who drove many miles, as many did, to attend the funeral of Pretty Boy Floyd, every adult who crowded the funeral home and RURAL, HIGHWAYS. To the Editor of The Courier-Journal. It was announced today by Mr. Cecil T. Williams, Commissioner of Rural Highways, that seventy-two counties in Kentucky have taken advantage of the Department of Highways two-million-dollar allotment for rural road work.

These counties and the amount set up in the agreements are as follows: Allen, Ballard, Barren, Bath, Bell, Boone, Bourbon, Boyd, Boyle, Bracken, Butler, Caldwell, Calloway, Campbell, Carlisle, Christian, Clark, Clay, Crittenden, Cumberland, Daviess, Edmonson, Elliqtt, Estill, Fayette, Franklin, Fulton, Gallatin, Grant, Graves, Harlan, Hart, Hickman, Jackson, Jefferson, Jessamine, Knox, Laurel, Letcher, Lincoln, Madison, Marshall, Mason, McCracken, McCreary, McLean, Meade, Menifee, Metcalfe, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Muhlenberg, Nelson, Oldham, Pendleton, Perry, Powell, Pulaski, Rockcastle, Scott, Shelby, Simpson, Taylor, Union, Warren, Washington, Webster, Whitley, Woodford, Larue, $330; Mercer, $1,150. In most cases the amounts approved constitute only a partial program, Mr. Williams said. In many of these counties work is now underway and in others it is expected work will start as soon as the personnel can be selected and equipment put on the projects. Mr.

Williams said the total amount of road work approved by his department to date amounts to $808,578. The following counties have submitted projects and the district engineers are now making estimates of the cost of work: Adair, Anderson, Breckinridge, Bullitt, Carter, Casey, Clinton, Eleming, Floyd, Greenup, Hancock, Harrison, Henderson, Henry, Lee, Leslie, Lewis, Logan, Lyon, Marion, Nicholas, Ohio, Owen, Robertson, Rowan, Russell, Spencer, Todd, Trigg, Trimble, Wayne, Breathitt. When these projects are approved, Mr. Williams said, agreements will be drawn and work will be ready to start. Only a few counties in the State have not submitted a program of any kind.

They are: Carroll, Garrard, Grayson, Green, Hardin, Hopkins, Johnson, Kenton, Knott, Lawrence, Livingston, Magoffin, Martin, Owsley, Pike, Wolfe. Most of the delay in starting projects in various counties, Mr. Williams stated, has been due to the' lack of necessary equipment and the large amount of detail work necessary in getting the projects under way. The Division of Rural Hif ways was set up May 1, 1936, with Mr. Cecil T.

Williams of Somerset as commissioner and ASHAMED OF BEING A KENTUCKIAN. To the Editor of The Courier-Journal. Some years ago, when we undertook to defend a colored boy in Bowling Green, whom we believed innocent (we have always contended that every person had a right to his own belief) we were severely criticised. It is only because we are leaving home in a few days that we dare write this. We have often been more or less ashamed of being a Kentuckian.

We feel that we can never confess the awful fact again, after reading the nauseating account of the actions of so-called "white people" at the execution of Rainey Bethea. Why, in the name of decency, aren't these executions private? Still a White Woman. Bowling Green, Ky. Toonerville Folks Hi 1 tt itM rmm na jr- ljflQ, 1 1 A..