The Cincinnati Enquirer from Cincinnati, Ohio • Page 254

Bountiful toccrs were left and the commission wound up with eight Republicans and seven Democrats. Voting was strictly along party lines. The commission gave all the disputed votes to Hayes. He was declared the winner by a single electoral vote although official voting records show Tilden received 4,300,590 votes and Hayes had only 4,036,298 votes. A philosophical Tilden said later, "I can retire to private life with the consciousness that I shall receive from posterity credit for having been elected to the highest post in the gift of the people, without any of the cares and responsibilities of office." Although Tilden was the only loser to win a popular vote majority, Andrew Jackson lost his first try at the presidency despite a plurality of the popular vote.

There were four candidates in 1824 and Jackson won a plurality of the public vote and the electoral votes. But he lacked the electoral majority he needed. The contest went to the House of Representatives. There Henry Clay, who finished fourth in the popular vote, switched his support and electoral votes to John Quincy Adams in order to keep Jackson out of the White House. Furious Jackson supporters could do nothing.

Four years later they did put their man into the White House for the first of his two terms as President. Political experts contend that third parties, our perennial losers, seldom have much effect on the American political scene. But such commonly accepted practices as the graduated income tax, direct election of U. S. senators and federal control over working hours were first proposed in 1892 by James Baird Weaver of Kentucky, the Populist Party candidate for President.

Many have sought the presidency fully aware that they stood no chance of winning. They pressed on anyway, anxious to put their messages and their aspirations before the peoole of this country. They may have lost the elections, but by putting themselves on the firing line for what they believed, they also won. York State. His reputation was such that people clamored to send him to Washington to "throw the rascals out" of a capital which had suffered through eight years of scandals under President Ulysses S.

Grant Tilden's campaign against Hayes was meticulously planned, as well prepared as his case against Boss Tweed. On election day, bookies listed Tilden as the 5-2 favorite to beat Hayes. That night, Hayes went to bed convinced he had lost the election. But he was wrong. On November 10, Tilden was leading comfortably in the popular vote.

However, returns from three southern states Florida, Louisiana and South Carolina were in dispute. There were two election boards in each state, one controlled by each major party, and they filed conflicting returns. Democratic election boards gave the election to Tilden, Republican boards said Hayes was the winner. Tilden had 184 electoral votes, one short of a majority, and Hayes had 165. Twenty additional votes were in dispute, 19 from the southern states and one from Oregon, where a Republican elector had been challenged and replaced by a Democrat.

Democrats dominated the House of Representatives. Republicans ruled the Senate. Congress could not agree on how to count the contested votes and arbitration was the only course left. Tilden instinctively mistrusted the idea. He wanted the matter to be resolved by the House as prescribed by the Constitution.

He reluctantly agreed to arbitration when the Republican Senate would not let the Democratic House settle the election. An electoral commission of five congressmen, five senators and five justices of the U.S. Supreme court was agreed upon. Seven Democrats and seven republicans were chosen, including two justices from either party. They were to select the 15th member of the commission.

The justices probably would have selected David Davis of Illinois, a known political independent. However, Davis had just been elected a U.S. senator, and he already had accepted. Only Republican justices can campaigner cost Charles Evans Hughes the 1916 election and the presidency. Hughes had been a lawyer all his life.

He stepped down from the U.S. Supreme Court to seek the presidency, reluctantly, at the behest of a Republican Party trying to heal the split caused by Theodore Roosevelt's ill-fated 1912 Bull Moose venture. Although Hughes preferred the genteel decorum of the courtroom to the rough-and-tumble of the national political arena, he adapted himself to the rigorous campaigning demands with one glaring oversight. California's Cov. Hiram Johnson was a temperamental, popular and progressive Republican.

His progressive tendencies had alienated him from the mainstream of the national GOP. Hughes visited California during the campaign and at the behest of his advisers he refused to meet Johnson, who himself was campaigning for the U.S. Senate. Johnson won the election handily by a comfortable 300,000 votes. Hughes lost California and the president-cy by 3800 votes.

New York Congressman John W. Dwight put the loss into perspective after the election. "If a man of sense with a -dollar would have invited Hughes and Johnson to his room when they both were in the same hotel, he would have ordered three Scotch whiskies at 75 cenK This would have left a tip of 25 cents for the waiter. That little bit of Scotch would have brought those men together. There would have been mutual understanding and respect, and Hughes would have carried California and been elected." Hughes lost because he was not quite polite enough, but Samuel Tilden lost his election campaign because he was too polite.

In 1876, Democrat Tilden ran against Republican Rutherford B. Hayes in what some have called the dirtiest election in our history. Tilden was a recluse and an introvert, yet he also was a tough fighter against corruption. He smashed the notorious Boss Tweed and later eradicated corruption along the canals of upper New SPECIAL FALL SAVINGS ON SHILLITO'S OWN BODY SHAPERS. Before you spend money on that new fall outfit, invest a little in these figure-shaping foundations exclusively at Shillito's.

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