New-York Tribune from New York, New York • Page 20

Two Hundred Murders in New York City Laid to CamorrJ of Barber Marked To Die May Clear 100 Cases Slayers Arc Schooled in Methods of Swift and Sure Death, Which Are Carried Out Neatly and Orderly By Roy Giles WHEN it comes to dealing death, plain or with varia? tions, it appears, from evi? dence lately collected by the Italian detective squad of the New York Police Department, that the Sicil? ian Camorra can put to shame an or? dinary earthquake or tornado. Some one with a taste for figures re? cently compiled a list of 200 suspected Sicilian killings in New York alone? and then they stopped counting. Add to this seventy similar killings in De? troit, four in Buffalo, five in Syracuse, four in Denver, twenty in why go further These figures snatched at random from homicide lists in the hands of various agencies tend to prove an effort to excel in the accomplish? ment of swift and sure death. And they have a way about them, these Camorra killers. They do the deadly work assigned to them by their in a neat and orderly manner, leaving no evidence.

They are inclined to make rather a sociable affair of such a murder, as in almost every instance they have lured their victims by prom? ises of a pleasant party. The parties are always provided just prior to the sudden and violent demise of the guest to whom marked attention is paid. No expense is spared to make these affairs real events, in most instances. Wed ings, dinners, duck hunts and automo? bile rides have been used as means to decoy victims out of their own neigh? borhoods and to lonely spots where the murders have been committed most efficiently. There are exceptions, of course.

In a rush a murderer cannot always be expected to provide entertainment for his victim. For instance, eleven quick daylight murders were committed, on different dates, at the corner of Grand and Chrystie streets, as crowded a junction almost as exists in New York. Confession of Barber May Clear op 100 Cases. Detective Sergeant Michael Fia schetti, head of the New York Italian squad, believes that the confession of one Bartolo Fontane, a handsome, youthful, roving barber, will help to clear up more than 100 of these mur? ders, but he admits that he does not hope to obtain convictions in all cases. Among the murders that-he beliaves he had solved is that of his immediate and energetic predecessor, Detective Lieutenant Joseph Petrosino, shot behind and killed in Palermo, Sicily, in 1909.

Petrosino had gone to Palermo fol? lowing a clew as to the home office, or headquarters, of the Black Hand, a blackmailing organization, now proven to be but an active eubsidiary of the Camorra. He was followed from New York and dispatched by friends of Black Handers he had convicted in New' York, where he stopped the operations of this particular Camorra activity. Petrosino, regarded for years as the greatest Italian detective, was in life a fun-loving, music-loving son of southern Italy, who spent his leisure hours twanging an Italian harp, hum? ming operatic airs or playing with kiddies. As a detective, he left nothing to be desired. The personification of bravery, efficiency and ambition, he Walked a beat for fifteen years to become a de? tective and having become one he gave all he had for years and then added his life to the measure of his services.

His arrests were numerous and impor? tant and when he finally died on his native soil a wave of grief swept across tho Atlantic, to the downtown loft where his squad had its headquarters. His body was brought to America' and his funeral was with honors. Then along came Michael Fiaschetti, tooter of a barytone horn. Petrosino and Fiaschetti, the two names linked by activities against tho ancient Ca? morra, are names destined to live in police circles. Mike Fiaschetti, as he is best known, had in common with Petrosino, a love for music, and even now he likes to get just one night, once in a great while, to blow his bary? tone horn with the police band.

Mike Not so Good on Horn, But He's a Fine Detective Mike Fiaschetti may not be the best barytone horn virtuoso extant, but as a detective he doesn't have to take off his hat to anybody in the business and he has a collection of gold medals and letters of commendation to prove this. Any one who meets Fiaschetti a few times will lose sight of Fiaschetti the detective to become interested in Fias? chetti the man. His outstanding char? acteristic is his love for his people. "The Italian people are good, hard? working, emotional, artistic and kind? ly," he said the other dey. "You can walk along Mulberry or Roosevelt Street, the most congested Italian dis? tricts in New York, at any hour of the day or night, in perfect safety.

The Italians work so hard they have to re? tire early. They attend to their own affairs, are devout in their religion and make good citizens. The Camorra is composed mostly of Sicilians and the cause of the lawlessness of this class is ignorance. They are not my people, like the Italians, but they have my sympathy. On the Island of Sicily they have inadequate educational fa? cilities and human life is held because of ignorance alone.

TheBe bad individuals make it unfortunate for the whole Italian people. "This lawlessness is not only found among the Sicilian provincials of the Italian people. You will find it among all nationalities. America has its hold-up men, who will kill with? out provocation and who will beat their victims unmercifully. America has its "jeggs," who are notorious murderers and work in bands or Camorra.

France has its Apaches, who murder with spiked mitts and daggers. England has its Whitechapel district, which pro? duces a repellent class of murderous characters. So you see, the Italians are not alone in crime. CORNER of Grand and Chrystie streets, where there have been eleven Camorra killings. Below is Detective Sergeant Michael Fiaschetti, leader in the work of trailing these crimi? nals.

The decoration was presented to Fiaschetti by citizens of Akron, Ohio, for his work in unearthing Camorra killings there. "It is true the Camorra has methods of murder. They have been schooled in it, you might say, but the poor people are is all. They have had fow opportunities and tbey have suffered. The Camorra, like your own criminal clement, grows out of a desire to live without work, without serious constructive effort." Mike the man, is big and gentle.

His voice is low and musical. To anyone he believes is trying to do this includes former crim? inals who are trying to go straight? he is soft spoken, sympathetic and helpful. He would stay awake for days to do a friend a favor. Miko Fiaschetti, the detective? is rather a different person. He is re? lentless, rough and unyielding.

When this detective meets a crook he prac? tices the most efficient form of hypno? tism, probably unconsciously. He gets his crook in a corner and towers over him. He abuses him verbally, shakes a big fist in his face and says: "You're going to tell me the truth." He follows this with a burst of vituperation and threatening gestures, and before he is through, the crook usualjy tells the truth. There is no Tecord, how? ever, of Fiaschetti ever having physi? cally attacked prisoner. Bartolo Fontano, whose confession has led to the solution of scores of Camorra murders and the arrest of a dozen or more men in different parts of the country including seven In New York, has told Fiaschetti that he wants to do the right thing, regardless of consequences.

He has proved this by answering all questions freely and truthfully. Not a single statemenl has failed to stand every test foi truthfulness. Fiaschetti believes ir the change of heart of Bartolo Fon? tano and he treats Fontano like brother. Fontano is given many favors. He is allowed the counsel of an aged woman who.

han. an interest in him. Also he is protected against the Camor? ra, which he believes had planned to murder him because he knew too much. Pie is freed from the ghost of a murdered man who appeared to him, repeatedly, he says, and advised him to make a clean breast of his crimes. "Just what is' the Camorra?" Mike Fiaschetti was asked.

"It is what you would call a gang, or a number of gangs. There is an understanding among all of these gangs, if not a close organization. These gangs have one big leader, and the leaders have their loader. It is the belief of the members that their leader's word is law. They carry out orders to kill to keep from getting killed themselves fcrr disobeying" or? ders.

The motives for the murders ai-e gang politics, criminal business rival? ry, family fueds, card games and sometimes women. Camorra means simply "getting together," and these gangs get together for all kinds of crime, just as the Chamber of Com? merce gets together for all kinds of business." Camorra Brings Together Some Strange Bedfellows The Camorra will do anything for either money or revenge, and the Camorra ha3 brought together some bedfellows. In Palermo, Sicily, a few years ago sixty-eight men, mem? bers of a Camorra were arrested. Thirty were convicted and among those found guilty of wholesale crimes, in? cluding murder, was one priest. The Camorra has been identified with mur? der, torture, extortion, gambling, boot? legging, narcotic drug smuggling and vending, kidnaping of children for ran? som, kidnaping of white and negro girls, arson, burglary, swindling and nearly every form of criminal en? deavor.

According to Fiaschetti, the Camorra works much like packs of wolves. There is a leader to each pack and some? times the packs run together for a big hunt- Sometimes a wolf no longer useful to the pack, or against whom the pack leader bears a grudge, is killed. Sometimes two or more wolves in the pack have a fight of their own and one or more are killed. Any wolf can run -with any pack as soon as he is recognized as a wolf, and can con? tinue to run, under the leader. In try? ing to become a leader he might be killed, or he might kill the leader and by a record of successive killings and good hunting become the new leader in his own The Camorra is all very simple the "hang" of it.

Through his activities in Italy and various American cities Mike Fiaschetti has become one 'of the most famous of detectives'. His fame is even great? er, and his medals and recognitions more numerous, than his predecessor, Petrosino. William ,1. Dineen, prominent in North Adams, predicted twenty years ago that Fiaschetti would be a famous detective. This was when Mike was steering cotton goods through a printing machine and blowing the old baritone horn in odd moments.

Sicilian Gang Makes Killings 1 Social Event for the Victual Michael Fiaschetti, Noled Detective, Exrifoy Working of Criminal Band Which Ex- tends to All Parts of Earth Fiaschetti was born in Rome on Feb? ruary 8, 1884. His father was a mu? sician. The family came to Americs March 2,1896. Mike had a little school ing on both sides of the water. Whilt he took industriously to the task of fit? ting himself to be a bandmaster, as one of his brothers is now, this boy Mike always had dreams of being a de? tective.

These dreams were born of the literature of Italy, for detectiv? stories are popular everywhere. In America the family settled in North Adams, where music was far below par, but where there wat much work in the mills for immigrants, Mike laid aside the horn and went inte the mills. He confided his desire to be a detective to William J. Dineen, and promised to help him. Fiaschetti as Amateur Detective Captures Man In 1900 Dineen sent for Fiaschetti and showed him a police circular asking the police to locate one Antonio Tonitto, on whose head there was a reward.

Fi? aschetti took the circular and left the mill. In a few days he had found his man and caused his arrest. Then he came to New York and tried to get on the police force. He suc? ceeded in June, 1901. Unlike Petro sino, who walked a beat for fifteen years waiting to forge ahead, Fiaschetti won promotion to the detective force in two weeks.

His police uniform was almost new when he discarded it for a neat business suit and became a plain clothes detective under Petrosino, who said Fiaschetti possessed every requi? site, physical, mental and moral, to be? come a great detective. Mike Fiaschetti's love story should fit in here, for it was his habit of going to church as a young detective that brought him his one great and only love. In a congested apartment house dis? trict in Roosevelt Street stands the Ro? man Catholic Church of San The parish is nearly 100 cent Italian, and any one who likes raven haired, dark-eyed feminine beauty should attend mass at this houBe of worship. Fiaschetti did. The prettiest girl in the parish, Fi? aschetti insists, was Jean Cavagnoro, twenty years old.

All the sunshine of Southern Italy had found a haven in this girl's eyes. Fiaschetti will tell you so. Her hair was like star-dusty, night only Fiaschetti can describe her. He met her as the two were coming from mass and he walked with and talked with her. June 21, married her in the church where he 'met her after a short and tempestuous courtship.

His happiness lasted a lit? tle over two years. She died November 21, 1907., At her grave in Calvary Cemetery there is an eighteen-foot marble shaft, surmounted by an ex? quisitely carved angel. The monument is a gift to Fiaschetti from Pietro Nardini, the famous Italian sculptor, who met with Mike Fiaschetti's kind? ness when Nardini visited this country two years ago. Nardini fashioned the monument with his own skilled hands and shipped it here, paying penses for having it placed. Mike Gets Three Medals For Trapping Marder Gang Detective Sergeant Fiaschetti sounds awkward, because thou know him call him a three gold medals in June, 1918, Four policemen had been an in Akron, Ohio, in one district, four months.

As fast as one polkJZj would another it seemed would be another murder and job for another policeman. All policemen were shot in the on duty. The local and Chicajo tectives and ethers had failed to eW these cases. Fiaschetti moved into the in Akron and started to get He appeared to be a prosperous contractor, but he made himself in the underworld as a person I would not to make" money. soon won the confidence of th? rf.

raff, and then his attention ceftfatj on an Italian who kept a diiordeaS house. This man had been imprigesei and released, and refused to ceag? operations. The police raided him fis, quently and he started killing off licemen in the hepe that one would be sent to his district could be bribed. Fiaschetti rounded up nine of gang. Seven were electrocuted and given life sentences.

Akron wag njJ prised and delighted. The Mayor ml Mike a gold medal. The townspeefU gave him one and the Chamber et Commerce gave him one. One of thasj medals, as big as a butter chip, rude "Presented to M. Fiaschetti by tis Akron Chamber of Commerce asi Summit County, Ohio, in of valuable assistance in the and conviction of murderers of Aktci policemen." The citizens worded theirs Mil differently, thanking Mike fot electrocution of the worst band murderers ever known in their city.

Three hundred thousand regideaal of Akron sent a telegram of appreeis-! tion to Commissioner Enright, ing both the Commissioner and liiktj Mayor Myers of Akron sent a pit. sonal letter. Denis O'Leary. District Attorney Queens, in March, 1920, comramiri Mike in thu Holbach murder Holbach and his wife were murdered in a Long Island City hotel. Fiasahett: up Camorra of serin.

HSJJ electrocuted and two gent up tfie river for life. Then there from and elsewhere. Fiaschetti vcon commendatioa in tktj Ruth Cruger murder case, the VarotUj kidnapping and murder; the Angelim, Conti murder case and a number tt" others. A few days ago he recovered worth of loot in a burglary case arrested two men, father and son. fl? newspapers did not note the case ui Fiaschetti said: "It is getting so I have to give tie newspaper boys very big stuff befen they will notice me at all." Old English Estates Are Being Sold Because of the Cost of Maintenance Profound Social Revolution Takes Place So Quietly That Its Extent Is Diffi? cult for Britons to Realize By Harold E.

Scarborough LONDON, Aug. 28. ENGLISH history contains records of several bloody revolutions, but as a general rule the great changes since the Middle Ages have been brought about by peaceful meth? ods. Some of the reforms that have altered the social structure of the country have been accomplished by long, bitter fights in which many lives have been sacrificed, but others have taken place so quietly that the major? ity of the nation has had no appre? ciation of the change. Such a situa? tion has developed in the last seven years.

A profound social revolution has taken place since August 4, 1914, and the vast majority of Britons do not yet appreciate how much their coun? try bas changed. While the' Bolsheviks have over? turned Russia and improverished anl paralyzed their country until it has be? come only a skeleton of its former self, the British have been making mighty changes in their own land, where change hitherto has been slow and cautious. There have been no Rod rioters Tunrirtg down the streets of London. No roving bands of Commu? nists have pillaged towns and villages in England as they have done in Italy. The King of England and the Prince of Wales have faced no rising of the pop? ulace.

There have been demonstra? tions by unemployed and several costly strikes, but nothing which could be classed as a revolutionary movement unless it was so-called for political reasons. Real. Revolution Take? Placa Very Quietly The real revolution has been taking place in the auction rooms of May fair, in the advertisement columns of the newspapers and in the chambers of solicitors, and it is comparable in scope only to the one which followed the Death. It is' commonplace of history that "the successive waves of plague which lavastated England in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries ended the feudal system by reducing the availa? ble number of serfs and villeins to such an extent that great proprietors could no longer find sufficient men to work their properties. The natural re? sult of the decreased supply of labor was an increased demand.

The serf became a tenant, with his own plot of land to cultivate, and he was rewarded not as his master saw fit, but by the measure of his own oxertions. Gradually conditions again became static. Vast areas of land were still owned by individuals, but they were owned on the scheme of landlord and tenant, and not on that of master and serf. The industrial revolution, com? ing at the end of the eighteenth cen? tury, attracted capital away from land by offering higher returns; neverthe? less many landlords preferred to keep their estates. At the beginning of the last war (1914) the average rural estate was just about a going concern.

Its agri? cultural rents defrayed costs of main? tenance and taxes, and left enough surplus for the owner to live very comfortably in his great house. One per cent was perhaps an average mar? gin of profit; but there was consola? tion in knowing that one was living in the bouse which his ancestors had passed on for generations, and, as a matter of fact, ia almost the same im? pressive state as themselves. During the tragic interlude from August 4, 1914, to November 11, 1918, nobody in England was quite sure how he managed to get along. Master and tenant were in uniform, mistress and maid were in hospital and munitions factory. The historic bowling greens and cricket fields were ploughed up for potato beds; and the great houses became convalescent hospitals.

A few aged retainers pottered about making what repairs they could. After the armistice, when it again seemed reasonably probable that the world would return more or less to the pursuits of peace, owners of great estates came face to face with the fact that, unless they possessed large in? comes from other sources, they would soon be hopelessly bankrupt. Every conceivable form of taxes had in? creased enormously; labor was scarce and high; the repairsSKvhlch had been postponed until after the war now presented a problem of expense three times greater than they would have in 1914. The result has been that England has been changing hands. Owners of great estates, after fruitlessly selling outlying farms and cottages, have thrown the whole of their properties into the market.

In the period of nearly three years since the armistice a large part of the soil of the island has found new owners, with the result that the old landed gentry class is on the way to disappearance. During' no similar period of time has there ever been so extensive a transfer of real estate ownership in England. Nor is there any indication that the passing of land into the hands of new possessors sometimes the tenants themselves, more often those newly enriched by the abating. Only the other day the Duke of Portland, in a speech to his tenants on the occasion of his sort's coming of age, announced that the time was not far distant when he would probably have to leave Wei "I fear, however, that this state of beck of the most famous ducal seats of England. This announcement has followed close upon the sale of Devonshire House, the famous residence on Piccadilly of the Duke of Devonshire, and the aban? donment of many of their town and country possessions by the Dukes of Bedford, Westminster, Rutland, Graf ton, Marlborough and Buccleuth, Lords Leconfield, Londesborough, Portman and Camelen, the Earls of Denbigh and Harrington and scores of other noble? men.

During 1920 one firm of auction? eers alone sold $594,695 acres of coun? try properties for The Duke of Portland, in his speech to his tenants, said: "The war has entirely altered the outlook of myself, as it must have done that of other large landowners in this country. For centuries past landed es? tates havo in many instances beer handed down from generation to gen? eration in one family, and landlords and tenants have grown up togethei and have lived, as we have done, on terms of mutual trust and affection, things is passing away, for, with the present enormous weight of taxation and the extremely onerous weight of death duties, the future has become uncertain for all landed proprietors. "If this is good for the country I certainly do not complain. "With regard to my case it may or it may not be possible for me and my family to reside at Welbeck. But I fear that there can be little doubt? I hope I am wrong, but I do not think that I those who come after me will not be able to do so.

"It is of no use whatever blinking the fact, however disagreeable it may bo that there must, and in? evitably will, be a wholesale closing down of the larger country houses', if not now, at all events when the pres? ent generation has passed away." Welbeck Abbey Noted For Subterranean Passages Welbeck Abbey is famous fof its sub? terranean passages and apartments, or which the. fifth Duke of Portland is said to have' spent There is an underground riding school, 400 feet long, 106 feet wide and 50 feet high; an underground ballroom, 158x 63x21 feet, and largo subterranean li? braries. Altogether the tunnels extend to some fifteen miles. There are between 900 and 1,000 really large country places in Great Britain, estates which require a staff of at least 50 to work them. There are 70 which have more than 200 employees each, 200 with 100 and 200 and the remainder with from 50 to 100.

Some few of the larger estates employ as many as 500 men. At Welbeck Abbey, for instance, be? fore the war there were 70 gardeners. The pre-war expense of maintaining this estate, which is eleven miles in circumference, was estimated at annually. To-day it is many times that sum. The great English estate is some? thing like the Southern ante bellum little community to itself.

The etstate has its own roads and 90 German Soldiers Remain in Jail PARIS, Aug. 20. NOT so long ago there were con? siderable hundreds of German soldiers in France. To-day there are just ninety, and these members of the Kaiser's former armies remain because they are in jail. Of these forty-one are kept in the mili? tary prison at Avignon, in the South of France.

Others are scattered about various parts of France on voluntary labor assignments. Friends and relatives in Germany of the dwindled German military force on French soil are constantly active for the release of the prisoners before the expiration of their sentences, and Ger? man newspapers recently charged that they were "martyrs," with the wrath of France upon them, undergoing ter? rible privations in damp and unhealthy holes. An investigation of the status of German prisoners at Avignon, which is a typical jail for enemy offenders, in? dicates that they still enjoy preferen tial treatment, and their only com? plaint is their "lost liberty." Not many months ago several Germans of note were among the prisoners. On account of the Teuton "guests" the French government changed the cate? gory of the Avignon penitentiary in order that the prisoners should enjoy favors not ordinarily tendered to in? mates of French penitentiaries. They were allowed with this concession tc receive rations of food in excess of the French army allotment provided by their keepers and parcels, books, to? bacco and dainties from friends at home.

Their quarters, according to the recent investigation, are light and cheerful. Among tho late guests at Avignon, now released, was Baron von Schir staedt, who was arrested on Septem? ber 26, 1914, at the head of an enemy patrol in thu Forest of Fontainebleau twenty-two (iays after the German re? treat from the Marne. His presence there was a mystery. He was accused of robbing and pillaging while armed. Others were Count Strachwitz, on whose property in Upper Silesia twenty-five Poles were shot recently; Heinrich Langsdorff, grandson of Gen? eral Ardenne, military correspondent of the "Berliner Rol lin, director of the medical clinic at Stettin; a Prussian lieutenant named Erler, sentenced for burning inhabited houses, and Lieutenant Aviator Birk ner, celebrated among prisoner? for his obstinacy in refusing to salute French officers.

Officials in charge of Avignon de? nied that their charges had been badly treated, and, on the other hand, ven? tured that th(- government has ordered treatment which is, if anything, too lenient. They cited that 200 prisoners held at Avignon last December dis? bursed 10,000 francs to local store? keepers for their Christmas supper, which was a gala event. An investigator for a leading after? noon paper of Paris wrote of his visit to Avignon a few days ago: "The prison of Avignon, built alonj the celebrated ramparts quite close to the Rhone, at the foot of the Pope's gardens, has the legitimate rep? utation of being one of the most spa? cious and modern prisons in France. The director of the special depot of the prisoners of war allowed me to visit the cells. He even permitted me to question the prisoners.

'What are the crimes the prisoners are guilty I asked him. I was handed a register, and read on the sheets of entries: 'Re? fusal of 'military 'offenses against 'wrecking 'banded 'burning 'violation of "The German press and the govern? ors of the German Empire show a bad grace in not recognizing the criminal culpability of the prisoners of Avignon, kept there justly, and in willfully mis? representing the perhaps too benevo? lent treatment their fellow-country? men are subjected to." quarries, its laundry, its power plant, its carpenter shops, its brick kiln, its stables, as well as its fields, parks, woods and streams. The stables require from 12 to 18 men. The parks and lakes account for 6 or 8 more. There are a dozen or so gamekeepers, 40 to 80 gardeners and there are carpenters, painters, engi? neers, bricklayers, plumbers, wheel? wrights, blacksmiths, lodge keepers and other workmen.

The indoors staff of a house containing 100 to 125 rooms must of necessity be to 24 maids is the minimum required, in addition ta housekeepers, cook? and laundresses. Then there are often golf courses, cricket and football grounds, picture galleries and green? houses. Sometimes even churches and schools are maintained for the tenants. Life on these estates until 1914 was not so far removed from what it was hundreds of years ago. The tenants still regarded their landlord as more or less of a local potentate.

There has to be something more than a busi? ness relation between families which had associated for 500 years or so. Now that all this seems in a fair way to disappear the question as to what is to replace it is seriously being consid? ered, i 1ft! "It is highly questionable," says "The London Evening Standard," "whether the new wealth will be ready, as a gen? eral thing, to shoulder the expense of an anachronistic state. The whole ten? dency of the age is rather to concen? trated luxury than to expensive mag? nificence. The great Elizabethan, Ja? cobean or Georgian house was some? thing more than a residence. It was the office of a great owning was a real business.

It was the palace, if not of a small potentate, at any rate of a great social leader, with large duties and obligations as well as large privileges. "The old lord was the center of-a system. The modern rich man, ir his rural capacity, is an individual. He has need of a country house only tc entertain his friends, snd his friends like his interests, belong chiefly the urban scheme of things. 'place in the country' only belongs geo graphically to the country.

the atmosphere is that of the town. Extinction of Old Order Of Country Magnat? a Loss "The extinction of the old order Old Landed Gentry Gasi on Its Way to Disappear? anee, Owing to Taxes and Other Property Burden? country magnate will be a it is not easy to see how the econoBlt causes leading to his disappearance to be removed." "Of course," notes "The Manchester "the working of cause effect might be checked or where great rural landowner ako, like Lord Egerton or the DukM of Bedford and Westminster, a urban landowner too. Urban grouM rents have a way of coming in without abatements or counter-expenses." "The Guardian," however, doe? find the passing of the great country estate an unmitigated evil, althottgJ it readily admits its and its comforts "The life of the English country house, built up through many from story to story of pleasantness is probably the most lastingly enjor able life that mankind has ever df vised for the satisfaction of every of the nature of the averajre man, wW is neither a student nor a nor a saint, and who feels to be at his best in a career of health, of mainly physical of easy social activity, of able personal consequence, and light and unperplexing public But, the newspaper point? out, system has failed in its chief function that of producing self-reliant, dent men and women from it? members. Canadian farms and AM" tralian sheep runs, it thinks, and sent to the war better men til? the English country village. "The points at which we showed disadvantage," it mainly those of sheer arrested development.

"On the whole," "The Guardian" tf eludes, "the change is not to plated." The majority of the press He probably think otherwise. while rural England continues to under the hammer; and no man say'what the new order of things bid, save that rural England been for hundreds of year? ceas? to exist..