I the unwaryit would be regarded as a REVIVAL , RIOT. iNtrtioe, eaxsnoa9ne at chte mo f ni 171 t ircnea ikiendt let xn: ampies by public justice. "We billeve Universrtlism to be a religion, and we believe that all who embrace such a doctrine Will just as certainly go down to hell as they Elder Knopp 9s Bowdoin ThiI was pretty hot doctrine to preach - Row of 1842. . tilp,Yikil , 3r 113 1111?1'4191titliiii Rosnit of His Attacks On Scots p ,4i!ilplistlyi0. t Aqi! ! - 111.;111.11111t1 Mu Than His OWIL Ear 1,rs- r ! .1.'1 !!1110',' 11 !!' , I t , tir 1 I 104- 1 1 I 1, , , But Boston Grew Pious and , OLD TREMONT THEATE R . to an excited people. and it is not to be C . losed a Theater wondt,,t1 kit that timid people were a little afraid of the results ot such lan- guage. and many influential i cti7ens a that he called upon Mayor Chapman and insist- ed should .put stop to Elder Elder Knapp's Methods Set Knapp and his preaching. The elder denounced rum and slavery in equaliN a:, hot language. and the sa the Hub's Heart Afire. loon keepers or that (lay were annoyed The theo:-y that kill the hell a human considerably as a result. being can bave 13 Obtained here was Mayor Ilad to Call Out the Lan. distasteful to elder Knapp. lie ad no patience with that doctrine. lie said: Rumpus. "If the Universalist doctrine is true , Clod has deceived the WOrlti and he is The worst feature of his preaching, either a fool or a hypocrite." eers to -quell the that is the most annoying, IA'at4 the per- .. ! 'RIOT ' a ., . Elder Knopp 9s Bowdoin Sq Row of 1842. I Rosnit of His Attacks On Scots Mu Than His Own. But Boston Grew Pious and Closed a Theater. Elder Knapp's Methods Set the Hub's Heart Afire. Mayor Ilad to Call Out the Lancers to -quell the Rumpus. It was just 55 years ago this coming week that the iancers were called out to quell a riot in Bowdoin sq which was Indirectly the result of a great evangelistic revival In this city at that time. That revival Is historical. and it is famous for several reasons. To be more, specific: It was on the evening of Jan 20. 1842, that the lancers were called out. and it was on that evening that. with drawn swords. they cleared Bowdoin so, and the adjacent streets of an immense mob that had gathered in anticipation of trouble in the Bowdoin sq Baptist church. The church was crowded that even ....'. HON JONATHAN CHAPMAN. lasor of Boston at the Time of the Riot. ing. and thousands stood on the square. The farnons Elder Jacob Knapp was holding forth inside. and incidentally he was the canse of the trouble. The then mayor of Boston, Jonathan Chapman, called out all of the police force the previous evening to quell a disturbance in the Square. and it was owing to a fear that there would he a repetiticm ofNthe disturbance on a larger scale thanon the evening of the 20th, the lancers were called out. It was due to that notable revival that nearly every theater and place of amusement in Boston was forced to close np or go into bankruptcy. and the most famous theater of that time. the Tremont, was actually bankrupted, and the property bought by deacon Gilbert and a few other radical Baptists. who were the founders of the present Tremont temple society. and the present temple stands on the site of the Thesaian tern- pie where old John Gilbert and Char- lotte Cushman. and. in fact, most of the famous actors and actresses of that day, had 'peen wont to play for fashionable Boston audiences. That revival caused some very hard and bitter feelings here in Bnston and the suberbs because of the onslaughts which elder Jacob Knapp made on the Universe lists and Unitarians of the day. He wasn't the whole revival by any means, but it was largely due to his efforts that the spirit of evangelical relig1,31154 revival had been making headway for two years all over the country. It was with some fear and trepidation thRt elder Knapp wee invited to Boston by the Bowdoin seeAtaptists, and it was said at the time that his visit to that church had done more harm than good, to that particular ehureh. at least. He was the first of the great exhorters of the Meetly type, althongn he differed from Mr Slocey in many particulars. It was elder Knapp who said: "It is easier for a shad to climb a greased barber's pole tail foremost than for a sinner to get to heaven." He is said to have preached IWO revival sermens all over the country, and lie went as far west as California. whieh was a good ways off in those days. Ilis converts were ',timbered by the thousands. and he was the means of inducetif, voting men to twosome clergymen. Thoee who remember him say that Mr Moody looks semewhat like him, only that Etter Knapp was not so stout as Mr Moo ly an i possibly not so tall. Jacob Knapp was bilrakin Otsegoeminty. N Y. Dee 7. 1. and died in Bock-ford. Ill. Mareh 2. 0;71 He was edueated et Medishe university. and was ordained ltist minister in 1S25. He then settled in Snrinctield. N V. and immediately eX,'llP1 COMTIIPlit hy the versetility of his talents, whtch were somewhat unusuai tor a clergyman. Ile began to Volt alter his own material interests as well as the erdrittial intres:s of nis' parishioners. and he in a short time became f--0 succeeeful as a business man and a farmer that he was accused of lack of zeal in his profeeeional duties. Eut neither criticiem ror aeeusatien ever dieturbed Rev jeob Knapp. lie Pert on farming and kept inereasing his business projects until in 1S:ie he moved to Watertown. N Y. and at that time he was reputed to be "very well to do." He next startled his crities and ft ellrerS as well as his parishioners in ist! by givirg up his seular etnployment nttegether and starting out on his own heck bS an evangelist. hes-tinning in Ist.rns n(1. country echoolhouses. end ending in the largest belle and ehurches In the country. A. wonderful ehange seemed to have corm- over this man. He attracted crowds everywhere, and the virulenee of his attacke on the rniverenlists and Unietrians espeeially fomented eicord nearly everywhere he event. lie used the fieriest of metaphors in his denunciation of sin and those whom he cpposed, and his meetings were often broken up by mobs. So notorious had this state of affairs become by 1:42 that the more conservative people of the Tiowdoin eq church, and throughout the city. in fact. were averse to inviting Elder Knapp here. as at the time there was a pretty warm religious feeling between some of the denominations. and the anti-slavery spirit was beginning- tn show its head. There were the "antis," headed by Dr Culver. the lirst pastor of the Tremont temnie seeiety. who were called "antis" because of their Cpposit ion to slavery. to theaters, to in tempera nee and to other things. These "antis" made a big rift among the Baptists. Then there were the Millerites, who the following year prepared to aseenu Ileaven. Fr Mathew, the great temperance re-fernier. had been in Boston the preeeding year. The Vniversalists and Unitarians were growing- in strength at the expense and sacrifice of the orthodox ehurehee. and. taken ail in all, there was a spirit of great religious unrest and a Spirit of reform in the air. which it was very easy to fan into a flame at the time. But Elder Knapp eamk.. and he brought all of his inveetive with him. and trot:- hie came. and ler years afterward there was bitter feeling among some of the pleat clergymen. and traets and pamohlets were penliehed in defense of Elder Knapp and his methods and in criticism of him. The revival spirit was so strong at the time that women were accosted on the streets by men whom they had never seen and invite-I to reform their wearing apparel perhaps, or something clef,, and eorre to the meetings, and as a re-stilt this sort of thini . wounded the feel- lyre; of a crn0,1 ma 11V reflple. Denunciation of the Universalists was carried to seeh a point by Elder Knapp that many of the more timid memners of that denernination feared for their i lives and their nreperty. In 111,71T1 y of his rermons he accused the Universalists and Unitarians of being infidels under the garb of Christianity. In one of his sermons at Salem he said: "Suppose that a gang of enunterfeit-1 ers lurking in our neighborhood and are making counterfeit bills to pass upon A -.,,:, ......,, 1.,t.s. 7'..-7..:'.1'''kkl:---"76....::":4 k I ,,1,,. tier 4. (f. , i . ,; i-, t',,I s N, the unwaryit would be regarded as a I, "rtue, as an act of justice and human- counterfet reliion, and we believe that ity to expose them end make them ,ex- amp!es by public justice. "We btlieve Universrtlism to be a ig all who embrace such a doctrine Will just as certainly go down to hell as they die." pretty hot ThiI was doctrine to preach 7 In , ;ITO' ''brill? ..-...1 -ZZ"-"Ilt ,,gfP' ""'V,41,.. --ir."--.,:ZI T:r.-- !....,...... filtillitilitul g,K7 F:111;iqpiki ILL . 1401411.111 pi; I f - 1N111.iiill it i 't!' 1 1 t . i l 1, ,.1 torzitil 11 110,,, Bari ill pi vil 0,;!, trit I , L ak A . ollit tir 1 ickt4, OLD TREMONT THEATER. to an excited people. and it is not to be wondered at that timid people were a little afraid of the reeults ot such language. and many influential citizens called upon Mayor Chapman and insistd that he should etut a stop to Elder Knapp and his preaching. The elder denounced rum and slavery in equally as hot language, and the saloon keepers of that day were annoyed considerably as a result. The tlieoey that all the hell a human being can have 13 obtained here was very distasteful to elder Knapp. Ile had no patience with that doctrine. Ile said: "If the Universalist doetrine is true. God has deceived the world and he is either a fool or a hypoerite." The worst feature of his preaching, that is the most annoying, was the personalities in which he indulged. He did not hesitate to call people by name from the pulpit. As a result of this he had a suit for libel on his hands with a woman named Mrs Stella Ann Handy of Providence. in whieh he was beaten. This lawsuit excited a good deal of comment at the time. Elder Knapp's meetings at the Bowdoin sq church were marked by a terrible frenzy at times. Ile worked himself up to a tremendous pitch of excitement. lie said himself that he could "shake sermons from his sleeves," and he always sneered at those who were obliged to write their sermons. He had the "anxious seats" for converts anti -going forward for prayers" and meetings to pray for Universalists and Unitarians, and last and most disagreeable was the inauguration of the 'exhorting from house to house." Lib-era! Christians were beset night and day, and as one writer at the time put it: "They have been teased till further endurance became a sin," The acme writer says that "ladles were assaulted in the streets by utter strangers and besought to attend the meetings." The Christian Register of Jan 29, 1842, a Unitarian weekly, in reply to the critieisms of elder Knapp. said that neither Universalists nor Unitarians were Wstembee Ly his denunciations, and continued: "If we are to be sent to perditiont merely op account of our opinions. no matter bew holy anti pious our lives, we do not much care whether we are hurled there by the anathemas and denunciations of Mr Knapp or bowed and smiled there by a Iralfway charity." Many of the older Bostonians remember all about elder Knapp and the fa-moue, revival of 1842. The writer was talking with deacon Chipman the other day about it and the eyes of the good deacon of Tremont temple sparkled as he said: "0, for another revival like that. Every theater in 1.lostola was closed up by it." This shows how differently that revival was regarded by different people. The writer also called on Bev William Howe at Cambridge. That venerable divine, now in his 91st year, recollects the revival distinctly. in fact, he was !n Bowdoin sq the night the lancers with drawn swords charged on the crowd and cleared the square. Mr Howe wise at that time pastor of the Union Baptist church, in the North end. a church which he had founded himself. and which was incorporated into the Tremont temple in lee'se at e time when the temple society was in a. very feeble condition. lie spOke of the great revival of 1842 with a good deal of enthusiasm, and of the "great work" which elder Knapp -did in the city at that time. He said: "Elder Knapp was a regular sledge hammer. He bore down very hard on .he Universalists and Unitarians. He didn't believe in them, and there was a general feeling-at the time that Knapp would be mobbed. and some of the tag fellows on State st went to the mayor, who was a timid man. and expressed to him their fears. lie was also besieged by the Unitarians and t7niversalists, anti all this, becoming known. only tended to excite people and arouse their curios-ity--There was trouble in the square the night before the Lancers were called out, and the result was that that particular night the church was packed. the square and every adjacent street was packed with people, who came expecting to see trouble. i was standing on the sidewalk. near the chureh, when the Laneers with drawn swords cleared the square. I dont think there would have been any necessity of .calling out the Lancers if the mayor hadn't been so scared. "But Knapp kept on preaching. 'We believed in freedom of speech." "What kind of a preacher was Elder Knapp'?" "Something the style of Moody. only not so mild as Moody. lie looked something like Moody only he was not so fleshy. Ile aroused a good deal of animosity by hie personalities. One evening myself anti Dr Sharp. who was pastor of the tiherlee st Baptist church anti a mild-mannered Englishman. were sitting in the Bowdoin sq church and Elder Knapp pointed at Dr Sharp and said some things wheel did not make him feel vur2s pleasant. Dr Sharp was a man who was looked no to in those days by the citizens of Boston anti his friends tiiint like the eltior's attack." It was from Dr Sharp's hurch. by the way. that deacon Gilbert, the founder of the Tremont temple, bolted. because he coeld not take a colered man into his pew in the Charles St ehurch. "Elder Knapp maddened the Unitarians and Universaliste,'' continued Air Howe. "ane they never forgave him. The revival was an awful bl.iw to the great prosperity of the Bowdoin sq chureh." "Did the revival do much good as a whole?" "Yes," it spread all throegh the even-genital churchee in the city, and del much grist It was the means of closing up all the theaters. and I've always reraembered what the lessee of the Tremont theater sail at that time. The city passed ordinances closing the bars of the theaters end also the third rows." -What were the third rows?" tht y were a sort of gallery where it wee Well known lewd women and had men went. feW he couldn't run his theater rind make it pay with the bar all,1 the third rows eloetel. and so he gave it up. The Tremont It male peopie bought the property eoon alter that. and remodelled it for a phee Of worship. Ill always remember that. -I think the Odeen theriter on Federal st was also turned into a church at that time." "Was there mech exettement in Boston during the ISI2 revivar." 3-cs. It was a- great thing. Every- botiy wee excited over it." "Was there any more trouble with EN r Knappl"No. Nothing. much. There was a good deal ca fceling about him, and euess many people were glad when he left the city.- "Elder Knapp stayed in Boston about a morels end then he went to New York. His troubles continued. his critaecused him of all sorts of things. especially itecused him of exhorting for the money he made out of it. lie wee tried by a ommittee on this charge. He made considerahle money out of his preaching. I te wag also charged with hearilesseess ir permitting his wife's tftag.hrttla.,tto fl ie a p tleal osfatta.iostImfat:11,t:ii)nit.lhNliis x sewefr:):'i nci-14k state. lie ex friends explained his poeition in this matter to the hossever. anti when he died he left hie property to the church." Happiness for the Disappointed. 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