The Ottawa Journal from Ottawa, Ontario, Canada • Page 40

By R.K. Tmt srTTwn or smsan eowsrcincaTioii. tmut sr WUsar StSf sis Mm ma Bmss. JN THE Spring of 1962. a number of talks on communication research were broadcast in the Forum Series of the Worldwide English radio service of the Voice of America.

These talk aroused the attention of a wide audience. Continued public Interest was reflected In the unusually large amount of correspondence from listeners. In order to make the talks more widely svsilsble to the general public they were gathered together for publication in a single volume. The content of the book reveal the strong influence of four men, who are commonly regarded as the "founding fathers" of communication research in the United States: Carl Hoviand, Harold LassweU, Kurt Lewin and Paul Lazarfield, each of whom eetab-lisned and developed his own field and method of research. The coalescence of their influence i revealed, somewhat edec tically, in the finding of the 11 contributors, all of whom are outstanding scholars.

The most surprising quality, sustained throughout thebook. is the clarity of definition, for it I by no means easy for the expert to explain in simple terms the cora-plexitjea of advanced research findings in the study of human communication. A considerable body of literature concerning the power and effects of mass com-munlcation ha been published during the Ut 25 year, much of it of a highly technical nature and more or Jess unintelligible to the average reader. Consequently, thus book will be widely welcomed by many readers who were unable to listen to the talk. Of all the mas media, television the latest comer is the least susceptible to deckuv analysis.

From time-to-time, eminent critics have spoken disparagingly of the "goggle-box" ensconced in the corner of the nation' living room. Nevertheless. would be pointless to assume that all television is of equally high quality or that it cari please all of the people all of the time. The most interesting problem arising from this fact if. however, the over-all impact on the first generation of children to experience continuous exposure to television.

Eleanor Macoby. one of the II contributors, has- provided a cogent and objective report on the effect of television on children. It is in thi area where the incidental quality of mass communication likely to have Us optimum effect and significance. Mrs. Macoby begins by posing four question.

"Is tWevWon really harmful to children? In particular, ha it anything to do with juvenile delinquency? Doe violence on some teie-' vision program make children behave more violertiv? Ar there some kind of children on whom television is more likely to have had bad effects?" There can be no doubt that these are pertinent question which have occurred to innumerable parents. In the long-term sense, the newer are Stated the Answer to each question I a carefully qualified yes, within the context of substandard program presentation. Children are pre-eminently imitative and tend to assimilate i theatrical example of behavior almost In cents and Nevathsiesa, assimilation 1 by no means merchsndised campaign featuring a promise ni km.r.rJiv nl fsmai r. collection of poems, Ode su of Ottawa. He retired as Dom- of 'Sixty Days of Decision' after taking office.

Saint-Laurent, published by Les tnion archivist in 1941. It was a dazzling promise to country heartily EdjtionJ du Jour A proiifiC wrir, he won the sick of equivocating Ictlon of No "Even in the Liberal camp there were those tory Csnsda and book of poetry in English or for fiction Quebec Champlaln Prize for the who, in hindsight, felt Oiefenbaker had con- poems have been awarded Gov- in French. first volume of Histoire du Can- tributed more to Pearson' election than ernor General's Literary Of the four winners, the only ada. A third volume is to be Pearson himself." Awards for .193. one previously awarded a Gov- published shortly.

The finst. short chapter la more an edt- Winner of the 11. 001 prizes, ernor-General's Literary Award His further detailed explanation of this of the Toronto Globe. The biog- of six, Is a prolific writer of ar- Unlvershy of British Walter i.ii uuoiosi ana raphy is tn two volumes, tne ocies, essays, soon stories ana Columbia; Dr. F.

W. Wart, Unl-all Canadian might be interested to know first having been published In novels. He has been copy boy versity College, Toronto; Mary that Canada is "a politically mature nation jgji, the second ia 1913. Pub- lor the Toronto Star, machine- Winspear. Weston School.

West-in i all but one respect lisher Is Macmillan of Canada, gunner In the Spanish Civil mount. Roger Duhamel. And Mr. Beal leave to Mr. Pearson the.

Gsmer. SO won the Endish- War. sailor with the Roval Ca- rv'. 0,1.1., ohition of the French-English problem in Isnguage fiction award for the nadian Navy and associate ed- Clement LockqueU and Leopold li" Canada as "the measure of his stature as book Hugh Garner Best Sto- Itor of Saturday Night and Lib- Lamontagne. both of the faculty walked Why prime minister ries, published by Ryerson erty magsxines.

of letters. Lavsl University. urn bw jxicivwiicnun me prune minister or Press. AIDED BY GRANTS What Is the Impaa of Television? measured. Mrs.

Macoby observe that, "ft It difficult to evaluate the cumulative effect of television programs on children's beliefs and attitude The greatest Impact on attitudes ought to occur in those area where awarded the French-language Council of Canada with Canada sistsnc for the prizes and eor non-fiction prize for the Histoire Council money, is a native of administrative expenses. It also 1 i-1 1 -1--j c-. r. a OU tlDIUI. ntDIISnW DT Jl.

WnilWIl, UW. nn BUlinMliJ U1S mm mm A Novel of the Week Reviewed for The Journal by Dorothy Bishop CHARLES MAYO, co- founder of the Mayo Clinic, patlenu, relates Dr. Alvarez in "Incurable Physician; An Autobiography." "One day. when patient be- oiwmi iputitw cji. Urnee remembered the ha advanced sizable m.nt m.n But M.

Boulle ts not much for an expedition to on of the taroiman Favtoejiavlng done sum of money to the dancer ences a lor.7 provide numerou factor. jadgetry. The "science" of his planets that revolve aroundonhis own planet iong-ago. her husband, and had not si the modification of a child's behavior and aclence fiction is only a means mighty Betelgeusel The narra- The Institute would in fact repaid. JJ.gf attitudes.

Moreover, it ia alwava oossible to to an end. And that end? But tor. a rrencn journalist namea nave seemea ine most normal P.N, lot flrt tn trsnrUtMl Ulvasa Merou. Ulls how thev of Discs had vou baan able to 111 leeilngs lornne oancer, wnose 11 si v-i 1 a h.A lanitad aafltlv nn slnha fnro.l th.l mnA rKlm. financial affairs had lFSyS be tinuous stream of dramatic human action, space, as far away as possible own: the air they stepped out their clipboards, while humans blk not infrequently Involving situation of from the inhabited stars.

the vegetation they walked stood naked behind bars rattling niwi Brk-k AflM Mil VMM "In thnu if.u. thrmiffh th. tnwna theV had thslr frA TeTTy in ifuuKca 01 unactcputoia ocnsviur. unueaur- leisurea couple, were distin- But snoniy mey atscoverea equal of tnese simian masters. aoie persuasive effects are to Oe aougnt in gulshed in their cosmos for their that their beautiful human bad the underlying context and portrayal of human originally and a few grains of no brains, not a single evidence DUT ni.

reUtiohships and behavior on the screen. poetry. They wandered over the of human Intelligence. And when i i ii Mr. Macoby mention some of the com- universe for thir nleasura in the cnursa of a shncklna and yW1 aangling Hnoratlva atudia that hava hsan rrisw1 ..11 ui i lui-v ln as It were, or memorative studies that have been carried by aall.

unbelievable out witn groups or cnudren to whom tele- You see vision was accessible and group of children human ton without television. the relaxed manhunt In which mid-cosmos. M. Boulle offers a no uiey ana ui. inner numans vi ik.

niii us in lii. DusD-uiuiiLrv wen rounoni in our our. to our Studies Of this kind have that tone that the Intriamsn. un and canturi h. pria "ccom- been carried out by Dr.

HUde Himmehreit of thi novel h-ain. Fr n. i h. Punmnu- Plays that chal- 1 cm rnffm ana ais coueagues Amencao ana canaoian communities. -She also refer to studies con ducted on children before and after viewing particular programs or group programs so as to observe any change in knowledge, attitude or behavior which ar not found among children who did not see.

the programs. Extensive studies in this1 field have been don in Australia by Emery and R. V. Thomson and by other researches in th United States, Franc and Germany. On the whole, the findings are comforting.

First of all. it appear that some of th early worries the passible harm television might do were unfounded. Th most reliable evidence also indicates "that it ha not made much difference in children' school performance." Television seem to have Aha effect of- temporarily increasing th oral vocabulary of children. Apparently, it doe not substantially reduce) th reading of books but it doe seem to have greater interest than radio, which shares with comic books th duty of an occasional substkut. In conclusion, Mr.

Macoby has this to sajr. "There is certainly room for difference of opinion concerning where th responsibly ty should rest for guiding children's viewing and tor Bringing standard of tut and quality to bear upon the" program that are offered to viewers- But there can no longer' Jm much doubt that television does constitute' an im-! for th Nuffield Organization, in Enriand: len 0111 on several levels that M'-J aaaSI UtSVfWH BBgB WIIW UIU J3JS UlfJ UI ellllS im Tskeo Furo. ki Japan; and Wilbur Schramm bottle floats by. a bottle with this planet. a such' is a legittoUt objix of public con-J cent and public anion," MOPs IT'S BEEN YEARS BUT I HAVE KNOWN YOU ANYWHERE NEVER FORGET A will surprise you.

Just when you think you've seen his major anthropological tease he produces a new twist It's the kind of attack on the human Condition that has more of gun powder than of rapier about IL It bears no malice; it never loses its goodnature. Best of all, Its bright Inven MONKEY PLANET, By Pierre Boulle. 221 page. Warburg. tt.M.

BURGLARS THANKED PALERMO (APJ SlcUlan Princ Gaetano Hardouln -di Belmont has asked pollc to thank two burglars who broke open his waif safe and fled with 1320.000. Police caught th bur glar and recovered th loot. yar ddid not know contained sjiuneVh Isadora, but as the meal pro- taimtm Towards a World Plenty? by BARBARA "WARD tiveness never flags. On the last two pages M. BouUs does an 0.

Henry, doubled and re-A brdllsnl account of European doubled. He takes every trick dkwrient, with In a game that will never, be r- co-operation to castn rBective use concentrated today ia the control of less than 20 par cent of the world's popalation. Cloth (IsQ, p.perU-45 JTf UNIYERSTTT 'of. TORONTO PRESS Toronto 5, Canada v.n wi SATURDAY. MARCH 21.

1984 THE OTTAWA JOURNAL 40 LITERATURE AND 'LIFE A' Primer on Mr. Pearson By G. D. Yttl RUUM niKOIHIIOT. feka B.

M. r. Caaate Ltallss. U.M. "THIS primer" on Canadian poiiticg and the current Camdian political acene i not wriuen for any Cariadiarutwho have kept touch with politic in the last two decadea.

ThoM with curiotity. however, about what hu been and if happening around them might take long look at the last two or three chapters. Mr. Beal ia chief of the Ottawa bureau of Time Magazine and has been for three year. In (hat time he ha obviously developed a close friendship with Prime Minister Pearson he ha even been granted accea to Mr.

Pearson's diaries of past years. But, somehow, this book misses the mark In its declared intent of presenting the Canadian leader to his people. Because of what he has accomplished, Mr. Pearson deserves a thorough-going biography. This is not it.

The book is being released simultaneously In the United State under the title "Pearson of Canada." In that country it may make a better tale, for it explain in some detail how Canadian government. Parliament and foreiga affair work. It still doe not tell any more about Pearson, the man, however. In the book, Mr. Beal has traced domestic and foreign affairs during those years in which Mr.

Pttrtoa changed successively from university professor, to senior civil servant to politician to prime minister. It is interesting reading. Mr. Beal writes with a clear, concise style, slowed occasionally by a rash of cliches, but nonetheless Brief anecdotes of school-days and war-days catch one's attention but they do not (est long. The chapters on Mr.

Pearson's days as a Junior diplomat, in London between the wars are perhaps among the best They reveal a character known today of a man with astuteness, practicality and a keen sens of humor. Mr. Beal explains throughout the book his use of the word "phenomenon" 4ft the title. In his view it is the fact Mr. Pearson gained fame and high public office despite the fact he sever sought it, but sought only to do the.

best job he could in the circumstances of the moment. The development of NATO, settlement of the Suez crisis, promotion into- politic a external affair minister, selection as Liberal leader and subsequent election as prime minister all are outlined in terms of the sur-. rounding situations. But Mr. Pearson never comes through clearly.

The development of the Liberal Party of today, as it started at the 1960 Kingston conference, is neatly outlined and provides an insight into the thinking of today's government. There are also a series of statements by Mr. Pearson at that -conference which provide a guide to his political thinking. But still the man eludes us. The elections of 1962 and 1963,.

and the events which shaped them, are outlined, but there is more emphasis on the fallings of Opposition Leader Oiefenbaker and his Cabinet than there is on the winning wsys of Mr. Pearson and his followers in explaining the letter's rise to power. In his analysis of the 1963 election, however, Mr. Beal might be argued with when he states: "In both world war French Canada's attitude had been antimilitariat, pacifist, even neutralist The record of French-Canadian regiments in those wars speaks for Itself. In that same analysis, the writer shows a leaning toward the present government In hi repeated criticisms of the Oiefenbaker administration.

the Liberals put on flashy, well- WIN GOVERNOR GENERAL'S AWARDS Shown, are winners of the 1963 Governor General's awards for literature. The prizes -of $1,000 each were announced Friday. From left, Ottawa historian Gustave Lanctot, 80, French-language non-fiction award for his Histoire du Canada; Gatien LaPointe, 33, lecturer at College Militaire Royale, Saint Jean, French-language poetry prize for his collection of poems. Ode au Saint Laurent; Hugh Garner, 50, of Toronto, English-language fiction award for his collection of short stories, Hugh Garner's Best Stories; J. M.

S. Careless, 44. chairman of the University of Toronto's history department. English language non-fiction award for his biography of a famous Canadian newspaperman. Brown of the Globe.

Photo) Gustave -Lanctot Wins Governor General's Award An Attic Salt Shaker RY THE time he had reach- "'Never mind the money, ed his mid-thirties, famed she told him. 'I'll physician Dr. Walter C. Alvarez "After a while. Hurok's friend had come a Jong way in his asked him to escort her home, profession.

He was feeling Since Isadora had said she pretty satisfied with himself, he would pay the bill, Hurok and admits In "Incurable Physi- hi companion left. The next day clan: An Autobiography." brought the denouement. He 'Then one night 1 had an ex- was paged at his hotel and pre- perience which had a salutary sented with the restaurant bill effect on m. Not far from my for 75.000 francs (a tidy sum in home there lived a wealthy the 1920 s). Isadora had sign- woman.

On this night she ed the bill over to him." pounded on my door and beg- ged me to come quickly to save WISCONSIN Senetor Willism her daughter 'who was pr0xmire gets his share "I grabbed my bag and hur- of cncilpot iMtn ncu. sivi mi at tuenla. His answers are There, lying on a rug, kicking and screaming, was her daughter. The minute she saw me, she started yelling: "'Send that doctor away. I won't have him.

I want my doctor. You send for my "The mother said: 'Shut up. At a time like this, you take any damn thing you can get! PCCENTR1C pianist Vladimir de Pachmann had little respect for concert audi- (By The CP) The authors language poetry prize for his tus of history anh University ven when they wnt. One night, during a recital, he played one of the Chopin awards were made for 1959 Paris Montcalm Prize and awards were made for 1959 ParU Montcalm Prize and muus. licit nv uu iiuisiivw, he received an ovation.

Da Pachmann did not even bow in acknowledgment, Instead. Ii v4wi the Audience with Laoointe. whose Drlxe-winnlnt ui .1.. aiHiuuuvn nniay uj ui imvniy, poems were also puoiisnca wKn subsided, be said to them offers hut views on Canada, Canadians and ada Council, are J. M.

S. Care- who won in the academic non- Canada Council assistance. Is "Now- I will play it as their views of the residents of the United less, chairman of the University fiction category In 1953 with native of Sainte-Justlce de Dor- should have been played States 0f ToronuUiistory department; Canada, a Story of Challenge. Chester, Que. He has published with this stinging rebuke he He finds the country English In Its Toronto writer Hugh Garner; The eutbor of several school Mversl volumes of poems and piayed th.

number again. This Parliament, In its traditions, in its soldiering Ottawa historian Gustave Lane- textbooks. Careless has studied holds a doctor of letters degree the wary concerfgoers sat on Parliament Hill. And in thi he finds the tot. and Gatien Laoointe, lec- at Harvard and Cambridge uni- (rom the University of Paris, on their bends.

Undismayed, de reason for the present French-Canadian turer at College Militaire Royal versities and was with the ex- The awards were chosen by Pschmann bowed to the piano de Saint-Jean. Que. temai aflairs department be- sutonomous committee. Its and applauded himself. "The forms are British; the people so like Careless, 44, won the English- fore joining the University of members were.

Dr. Northrop American most of mem as to be prac- language non-fiction award for Toronto- staff in 1941. Tryt. principal of Victoria Col-tically Indistinguishable. No wonder that Brown of the-Globe, a biogra- Garner, a native of England Toronto; Dr.

Roy Dan- French Canada feel left nut In th. mlH Bmw, uiu, tA tk. marked by restraint, but his office has drafted a number of replies he would like to send but never will, relates the senator' wife, Ellen Proxmlre, in "One Foot in Washington." "One letter read: 'Dear Senator Proxmlre: In reference to the King bill. I am against it Dagbusted taxes are ridiculous The senator's reply (In fantasy, of course). "'Dear Sir By "dagbusted taxes," I assume you are referring to the tax on dagbusts, and I am Inclined to agree with CHESS St.

tsSMZD aiss is pism till yi 4k 3 tf Wi A. Si'I ill! ft, 1 1 1 raa WkUs MM Wklts slsr m4 laotsttss asxt sk whst miiia est tm potnion came insulting. Dr. Charlie just etur rur sssus sss mshM out of the room. The -it.

"nIERRE BOWXE "The a Phyllis retrieve It I dare ,0 scarcely any further with hire said: aoitio is. sm (rsMna didn't you give (hut wk probim oiTtnc cecitMt i 1 A A t'AMADWI ICIivw iiw wmiii-WDH lis The Canada Council, carrying served? ui, wsum. ui bs os SKIP TWO AWARDS Lanctot. whose work. on the on work previously supported "Dr.

Charlie said: Lanctot, year old former history of Canada was aided by by the Canadian Authors' Asso- "'One fool in a room is hicn "'f im 1 1 1 TsWreTeMsaie)l. OUtM "MeTBsfesTw 4M DomtnKm ircnif lit, wai. tnt oci science nwtrcn ciukh, previa mi iunikiii wwugn km iu viybmm ud piANlST couie AaOsrtam. Twta: Dr JK. VftattMivtr.

And 1. WIU, 1 BTfatml CMkdlM 0 I nasenmai ormw cn.tii.a taston iMa not tolerat ckHd rrr: uniform. The variability of response in lndi- Besuchemia. on Canada during the French dinner, for which arrangements especially those fho "-u- vidual chUdren has not been conclusively Lspolpte. 3.

won the French- regime, he is professor emeri- will be announced later. dressed like tots for the concert TrS in so tar as it may InzWcSdr-, BridV KDW1" nu- l'llln "Tell me." he Mid. "how old in one direction or anothar la nrohshtv h. Amoisgvother books. Pierre script, and from aa Earthman.

plotting. Perhaps I could whisper you ttl?" fmd onttodar fct. Malaya." Jinn being acquainted with that Ulye presenU, find him- standard of behavior atUtudeV But And now Plerr 'Roal1 SfM0N- Un8u8 "having been self behind bars In an antisep- yvj 1922, Impresario S. Hurok "Schramm and his colleagues have insisted KEY PLANET- He's Irways partly educated on that planet" tic and well-run research insti- managed an American tour on the point that the chUd is not passibe bn wr1ter mm tir 0Cto read it to Phyllis and tute. In various studies ar fcr dancer Isadora Duncan, entity, being acted upon by television but hi Nwr writ- to us.

being carried on that have for who more than a little that he i an active agent 'selecting from tm with "tlr brod Uly a very familiar air about errartc. The tour was a B- televiaion material which fits hia inimst. at full strength. 1 THUS we have a talew4thin them, experiments in condition- uncial bust for Hurok. There and need best" MONKEY PLANET Is also a tale.

And what a tale It isped-jeflexes, for instance, such wer numerous cancellations Personality, domestic and public environ- Kimca fiction roughly speaking. Three men In a space-craft on as In Wklis I. -QI in 4 K-B) I N4 r-K a-R4 a pis N-OS IS P-Bl II. P-K4 IS B-Ql P-SSt ,1 PP 11 o-nsea ia 00 11 H-SHI It P-Kil 1 CKBMai hU etPMtatad OfatlV Cll-llwamal Ua (U)4 ralsl la itid IM tasUft. B- Wg.

when they were old enough j- sj -J to be whistling at girls. sui -mx. im m.w.u mt On night at party, he met one of these boy wonders, a riwsi im wria rum cmsmrn pianist he had not seen in sev- "SS rssr Ml mmmrm BnsMlhsl SnnlMil UB WUU: SI. til Sues: IW. Oil Stack Wklls Blsea H-XLBJ SlS M-Bt P-KJ 17 QR-iri F-IM'bi r-OHS St KJt-sh K-KJ B-NS R-KIai K-Q3 1HI I II P-BI P-KRS IIMIII H-K1 ikcs is a-HT cjt-axi P-OS 11 BlP R-04 P-Kt Biff PtB Q-Kl I.M B-OHl ON-OS KIP SUSP N-Bl K-KStk QPP RilIP P-KR QIP KJU PlP p-B) 4 RPU n-ns H-Ml 41 P-HS R-t4 tU 41 B.Bt B-BVh P-M4 49 K-KJ I II PlO.

44 1-KS P-C)4 b-xmi pm a -it NBi.l 44 R-PUek K-QS B-RS 4T. KA Km K-KS tt K-B4 R-KNt rsp B-aats stssiass CnB: H-Mea. OO SI NX). NiB: S4 W. RiP N-BS.

3 Kjf-Ki sad wbim a uritmviw aiiu suuuws. 'wr imi, ouniw. ml.m i m.i- tinguishes television a a primary peruaive "Jinn and Phyllis were spend-thst at first Inspection was a panzees stsffed the place In fc. mnhl '-Si "itrtrf Sul! factor is that it offer visually con- ng a wonderful holiday in remarkable duplicate of their their long white coats and with J. St R-tCrtK Bl; St B-NHh.

dinner, re pons waiter i-i; qxicb mi a b-oxk Isadora uuncan. uk- eotiirsi im r.nY r- 1. a A mwImu. mm, mtm, fc i-" nuros ainu iircin iuimcu or tmniscanie vn enoa aa a smution to eon- vovases were an avarvdav ac. saimmea over as uev came nveo lata.

wsm flicts in a very wide variety of human rata- currence, and interstellar travel to land. In this grotesque world Utysse tionships. not uncommon. Rockets took Even the humans they first was determined, with all the ini-ad thZ nartv until 1. 1 n.

.1,1 anouier juirwu uia pmitjr ki w.v iu ura wwwivua sign, urai. mi.vww.i.m. Bu Huuunu umiraniqp there were 10 young men in all. screen, is not essentially "dangerous." Chil- of Siriua, or financiers to the by the pool where they had by primates, to show himself Mr Hurok, who had Intended dren are Inherently robust and naturally famous stock exchanges of their first swim, after two years to be civilized snd intelligent. for the dinner, protested, indulge high spirited play-acting among Arcturus and Aldebaran.

But of confinement In their space If you're ready for the Irony of hut Isadora waved' him into themselves. They recognize the conae- Jinn and Phyllis, a wealthy ship. tt to prove himself to be the Drtcllesl so. It Is mousb. PIUS U14 EH JOHN R.

BEAL THE- PEARSON PHENOMENON Tm Impartial portrsltof th Prim Mioittar of Canada cannot faH to intatest every Canadian who ia concerned with Canada's vital problems. To Mr. Best, experienced political observer end Bureau Chief for Time Magazine In Ottawa, th phenomenon is how the "apolitical diplomat snd ratuctanf candidate actually did latnvtporat moribund party" and "was aW to win an election In 06.00 rvtiltbt from your booknlltf 1 jisse.tafjp?. I..