The Times from London, Greater London, England • Page 5

THE TIMES, TUESDAY, AUGUST 29, 1911. TUESDAY, AUGUST ItlL Hi stag Articles: TteAnfcAiWlntf(mTMite TtoROo fllBo Th. Public and PWiacy Buhto The Csneus ol IVeduetioa The British Association Road Transport during Raflway Strikss: By Lord Montagu Golf: Tbe Coming of Rein Sanitary Mmures in Para The Vmected Hills of Mendo. EngUihroen in South Among the Ante uagodeOule Disraeli and the' Centre Party awn (Mr. Coningsby Disraeli) The Peymeni of Member.

(Sir Philip Bnrne Jone.) The Judiciary in Indie (Mr. Frederic Mackarness) The Albanian Relief Work Miss Edith Durham) Kent v. Hampshire Th Small Heading Act Xort Eastern Railway and the Strike (Mr. Butterworth) 11 SUBJECT INDEX. The Court and Personal New Court Circular and New.

7 Tb Sine aad tba Pre Imperial Respoosi Th NrwLordC DhMsa of the Maharajah of Cooch Bebar To day 'a. Obituary OA Tbe Empire and Foreign Affairs General Home New. Insurance Bill aad Friendly Societies' Funds Tbe Railway Commission 6 Kr. Rdraod and th Eighty Onb A Threatened General Coal Strike The Labour Market ages aad Hours of Labour Tbe Mrtrepohtaa Folios: An laeresa of Pay Journalists sad the law of label fte. Gray'.

Inn road Prom Tas Tmm of 1011 Religion, EdncsU Chsxity, Health: Ne Bfebop of Oxfora h.val and Military KsrsJ and Military Intefliseaoe Territorial Artfflery law. Crime, and Accidents Police Courts II Y. Y. A Qty Prosecution The Supposed German Spy Money Offers for Naval News A Homeless Family with 55 pytai Mator car OosssSS. of teasaonsssfli Rrreraide Fire aaw Gnariarcroa Drowning Accident Science.

Art, Music, and Drama: British Ae.ori.tion The Portsmouth Meet. tag Tenth Century Art at Stuttgart Promenade Concerts Racing: To day's Programme at York Pote in Ireland The Patriotic Cup Goll The Coming of the Rain Yachting Tbe Plymouth Week Lawn Tennis International Tonroa Y. Y. Y. 7 French Airman'.

Return Across the Channel 3 Shipping, Weather, and Mails i Mail aad Shipping Intelligence 14 The Marias Insurance Market Tb Unsettled Weather 14 Uteet News TODAY'S NEWS. Kew Lord Chancellor of Ireland. Mr. Redmond Barry, at present Attorney. General for Ireland, has been anoointed Trd Chancellor of Ireland in the piano of the late eir feamnei wancer.

(p. i) ew Bishop of Oxford. the See of Oxford, (p. 4) A Threatened General Coal Strike. At the annual general conference of the Miners' Federation of Great Britain, to be held at South port in the first week of October, a resolution a to be proposed in favour of i mmfnum wage for miners, to be by means of a general etrike.

(p. 4) Increased Pay for the I The Home Secretary, on the reoomrnendation of the Commissioner of Pobos and with the assent of the Treasury, has decided to grant an increase of pay to the Metropolitan Police at the rate of la. 6d a week to constables, 2a. a week to sergeants, and in like proportion to we higher rents. Riverside Fire am A serious fire broke out late last night on the south side of the Thames eiose to Charmg Messrs.

Piokford were burnt out. (p. 4) Tbe The report of the Labour Department of the Board ofTrade on changes in rate, of wages and hours of labour in the United Kingdom i for 1901 fl, in 1910, i Pojiavjasntary paper. has been issued as IP 6) The ftlness of Mrs, Be essay UseTtea aid. of sympathy in reference to the illness of has wne.

(p. 7J The Supposed German Spy. Max and attempting to procu fag the fkot thashe wee aeeiy for an admitUng that the information, before it wen milium wbtoh worn put to Duff and Tarran wh fee poejal i wore' suggested by a detective. Oorre epesdenee found in the prisoner's nmnifBH when he was arrested was read. Tbe bearing wee nHhnslthy adjourned, to.

41 A. the result of a ooQhnon with 6fdener. van on Hamrnersmith Bridge early yesterday morning, two man who worn in the SnWSSJnKC hours later the West London Hospital. Two women who were also in the car received injuries, Tbe driver of the car, who was ox has been detained by the police, (p. 4) The Alleged Fraud, in the City.

lhall I Dune, in thfl and Cuv, at London wall, was further inveati aon, who has rSesTS evidence that he had altogether sent to the prisoners 2.600, on the faith of assurances that psWaefwe. He had received never had any of bis capital back. The case was again adjourned. (pTS) New Play at the Duke of York's Theatre. At the Duke of York's Theatre last night there was produced an English version, by L.

Dietrichstein, of a plav entitled The Concert, oy Herman Hahr. (p. 7) the pro was fine weather, however, at Hasting! Yorkshire opened aeainst Sussex. Fi beginning they mastered the attack, and at the close had scored 440 for the loss of only had lost nine wickets for 108 against Surrey when rain stopped play for die day. At Bath Lancaahireicored 2S8 for eight wicket made LM aeainst Gloucestershire.

At North ampton Warwickshire's first innings against of which Charlesworth's i wickets for 137. Notts, at BUckweU, succeeded raising tbeir first mnmgs total acamst shire to 169. or iust one ahead. Dor ana wows, requiring mat numoer two runs wnnout was. (p.

v) Polo. In the match for the Patriotic Cud at Dublin yesterday the English team beat the Irish by IP The City. Tbe Money Market was moderately active yesterday, witn loan rotes unaltered the discount rates were quoted slightly higher. The Bank of England will probably secure the bulk of the South African md this wmk. The Berlin cheque moved against London.

Silver feO iied. per ounce for cash. On the Stock Exchange the Settlement beenn in Mining shares the general Settlement begins to day, and owing to this fact some further liquidation took place in various securities, including Home Railway stocks, American he to 787 Argentine Railway stocks i exceptions uy firm. (pp. XI to 14) The Weather.

The forecast for South Eastern Entdand anticipates for to dav wind between south and west, fresh end gusty at times; changeable, ram cooler, out an ciose. ip. ij IMPERIAL AND FOREIGN. The German Emperor's Speech. The Emneror William's sneeeh at Hambnrs is arioualy interpreted in the German Press as a Peace speech and a Navy speech.

Our Correi He remarks that the Emneror's allusions ih future of the Naw will not receive imme diate application, p. 4) Tbe German Press A ttad Sir Fairfax Cartwricht, the British Am bassador in Vienna, has replied to an inouirv from a Berlin news agency as to whether he was the English diplomatist of the Ntme Frtk fretse articles tnat ne no reeponswie I or (P The Strikes and Canadian Trade. The Montreal Customs reoemts of last week show a decrease of 2.000 owing to the strikes Great isntam. (p. a The Malisaori after the Revolt.

One of our Correspondents sends from Skutari a description of a prolonged tour through the Malissori country after the return of the tribesmen. He says that he counted 241 burnt bouses in the course of his iournev. The local authorities, however, are doing all they can to create a good impression on the tribesmen, but the funds available are at the moment insufficient and private effort ia IP 3) The Reaignation of the Japanese Cabinet. Tt understood that Prince Katsura. in tendering the reaignation of the Japanese Cabinet, claims that he has completed all the kAvl The Saionii as his successor not because the latter is the leader of a great party but because he is (P The American Arbitration The Majority Report of the Committee on Foreign Relation, of the United States Senate on the general arbitration treaties lately signed with this country and with France will disappointment in many quarters, Dut hardly occasion surprise amongst intelli gent obaervers of Anwrican affairs.

Theamend I many. They seem, indeed, to be limited one which is little more than verbal, and a second which aoes far to destroy the practical value of the treaties as signed. We have still to see the Minority Report, and await the decision of the Senate; but if as is thought probable, that body accepts the reoom eave foil extracts yesterday, we doubt whether Ma. Tart will ear. to present them to the other contracting lowers.

He ma, think it worth while to do so for the sake of the principles which they purport to embody, but he moat be conscious that the rohttanee propoeeu oy ine very much what it has been. Tbe really operative innovation introduced by the treaties is. of course, the provision contained in the bet clause of Article ITL. which provides that. Article L.

the Joint High Coinmianon of orafi but urniinoua, that the difference Article it must then go to arbitration, whether the treaty making power of either country believe, it to be ji fcMliss or not. reject it on the ground that the did not come under Article The majority of the Committee oontend that th. provision is whofly mxonetitntionai propose to stake it out. They bat it power, vested in the Senate by the Conati no control They are very dear and very emphatic upon tine point. They hold that by any means, tbe power of saying whether a given question is one for arbitration or not, ia to destroy tbe power of the Senate on the most important point to be decided in oon other nation," and they bold further that, even if such step were Constitutional, it would be most unwise and moat perilous." They behove that the Senate has no more right to delegate its share of the treaty making power than Congress has to delegate the legis lative power," and the posing them by means of voluntary coneflietion.

This In has bee niiirfuBj ppliedfornyeamhasgraduy acme measure to all the principal group, of nhadry, except agriculture, hen recently been subjected to a novel and severe drain. It hw part failed to atrt not a few rraons conclude that it is obsolete, and are busy looking round for a substitute. That there are grounds for the eoneWon cannot be denied, though in our opinion it is premature. A great change has unquestionably taken place in the industrial atmosphere. no longer eommand the respect they formerly did, and are often treated as so much waste paper without any binding force at all.

The official representatives of organised workmen theantiority, is one of the eases, weebaesdepea a nuseoneeived analogy. He passes over facts and iiini inmiinniirt by Oanaxs ONszu. in las letter oar eohtmno of not merely every treaty, but each and every part of the treaty, must receive the consent! "ot two thirds of the Senate." Thev are con vinced that, under the arbitration treaties as signed, the Senate is in fact deprived of this wmrtfttrtamal power. They lay great stress upon the special importance of preserving re we present case, because the definition of the questions to be submitted to arbitration is very large and general and somewhat indeterminate." The treaties declare that all Questions susceptible of decision by the appli cation of the principles of law and equity shell be submitted to arbitration, but the Committee observe that, whereas the term. law and equity have an exact in England and the United States, this not the case in France and other countries, and that therefore these terms in the treaties must be so construed as practically to almost all "justiciable Article I.

Under that Article alone, the most "vital point to be decided would be whether the question was "justiciable according Yo the principles of tew and equity" or not, but this is just the question which, under Articles 11. and and in certain cir be determined. not by the Senate, but by the Joint High nmmwsion That would in fact "vest an outside Commission the power to say finally what the treaty means by its very general and indefinite language," and vest in that Commission the power make for us an entirely different treaty from that which wo supposed ourselves making." It would be, perhaps, unbecoming for English men, even though their legal and Constitutional principles are in a large measure common with those of then American relations, to a any derided views on the opinions laid down in the Majority Report. We are content to await with interest the case made by tho minority, and the comments of Ha Tajt, who himself an accomplished lawyer, and of his skilled adviser, upon the document before us. Tbe Committee, we are glad to see, profess for tbemselves and for the Senate tbe utmost devotion to the cause of peace and to the promotion of universal peace by arbitration.

They declare themselves to be as earnestly and heartily in favour of both as any body of men in the world. as any one concerned in the negotiation of arbitration treaties." The Senate, they affirm, are desirous of enlarging to the utmost practicable limit tiie scope of general arbi tration treaties. Accordingly, the Com mittee recommend the approval of enlarged scope for arbitration proposed in Article and they vigorously deny that the preservation of the powers of the Senate in their present shape diminishes that enlarged scope "tby a hair's breadth." They are equally earnest in their dwolaimer of any selfish ooncen the prerogatives or the rights of the body to which they belong. They are moved, they affirm, by solicitude that tbe Senate shall per form the Constitutional duty imposed after re conavleration upon them, though imposed, we may remark, in circumstances that have long disappeared, and over a or ntury before arbitration was thought of as an instrument of practical politics. All this and much in the report seems to indicate that the pubbc leaning towards arbitration in Arr is strong, though not so strong as some foolish enthusiasts this country have rashly assumed The practical question is, whether it ii strong enough to insist upon the discovery of means for overcoming the objections to the treaties urged by the Committee.

General arbitration is, and must remain, impracticable and an empty vision, as both Ma. Tatt and Sir Edward Grey, as well as all other person. the parties to projected general arbitration treaties are really ready to make substs tees of certain amongst their doubted sovereign rights. We have shown that this country we ere prepared to do The majority of the Foreign Relations Com mittee are not so prepared. It remains 1 whether the Senate and the American people are prepared.

If they are not, relations between us wiu remain lust wna tney are. We shall continue to be the excellent friends and we may even conclude a general arbitration treaty, but it will not be a treaty giving life end practical effect to the high ideals of President Tar. The Railway Conciliation Boards. The Royal Commission on the working of the railway conrihetion scheme began to take evidence yesterday in accordance with the Since the railwayman are in the position of plaintiffs their naturally taken first, and the whole of yesterday was occupied by the evidence of Ma. J.

E. WxxxXAXa, general secretary of the Amalgamated Society of Railway Servants, who was We do not propose to offer at OB tbe evidence, but it may assist readers to follow the points if we recall ment, the working of which is the subject of the have been shown, in one have no control over their neither to bind nor to hold and when that is the case voluntary conciliation becomes a farce. But before abandoning it as quite obsolete we shall be wise to examine it carefully and see if tbe failure is not due to defect, which can be made good with patience. It must be remembered that by no mean, ail the men concerned repudiate bargains made en their behalf, and that, if ronriKetion has broken down in some notehte caaea, it still succeeds in reoardoT In this interesting and critical state of affairs the present inquiry though that is. It should throw light on the whole subject of conciliation and the conditions that determine failure and success.

The railway service was the latest of the great trade groups to adopt the method, and the Railway Boards ere the youngest of their kind. They were formed in 1908. arrangement concluded in the previous year at the instance of the Board Trade, and in devising their creation tbe officers of the Department had the advantage of all the knowledge and experience derived from the "ting of rWg schemes. But the circumstances of their origin involve one important feature which differentiates them from all other bodies of the come spontaneously into existence without any outside snsistence. The representatives of the men are not the paid officials of the unions they are elected from the ranks of the working railwaymen by their own mates, and therefore, the servants of the railway company.

This is one of the grievances put forward by the union, and tbe ostensible ground of the resent general strike. The difference obvious. The trade union official is inde pendent, whereas the working employ is liable to dwmiassl, and be is also probably less practised presenting and arguing a plea. though that is by no means always the Tbe Commission will, of course, be asked to take cognisance of this important point and consider how far it is responsible for friction that has arisen in the work ing of conciliation. As it happens, it will be possible to check the evidence tins particular by tbe control experience to borrow a term from the laboratory of the North Eastern Railway Company, which has a different form of conciliation from the rest.

It has for many years made a practice of negotiating with its men through the is. and the eoncUiaUon scneme which it adopted is distinguished by that feature. consists of a joint Conference, on which the company and the men each have eighteen representatives and a secretary, who need not be in the employ of the company, but entitled to attend all meetings and take pert in all proceedings. This arrangement admits the salaried officer of the trade union and gives a locus standi as secretary to the side of the Conference. The North Eastern Railway, on account of its peculiar position, was not a party negotiations, and has no direct interest in the inquiry but there will doubtless be presented for the consideration of the Com missioners trie question wnewier conciliation has worked better on this line than on the others and whether the arrangement just described should be recommended to them or not.

In this is impossible to ignore the extra ordinary story told this morning by Ma. K. Butterworth, the general manager of the North Eastern. As be says, the facts have not been so fully appreciated as they rve. They were, of course, known, and have more than once alluded to them, but among the exciting incidents of last week it not posaiblb to do them justice.

The treat ment accorded to this company oy tbe unio which this railway has "recognised" goes far justify the worst forebclings of tbe future of conciliation agreements between employers and organized labour. It had no quarrel with the unions or its own men, but the former ordered the latter to leave their work without any notioe, because other companies refused to recogmse them, in aomg tms uiey violated all their own rules and threw overboard then friendly arrangements with the North Eastern. But that was not all It the company to be involved in another's ouarrel and made to suffer through no fault of its own but it might at least have bad the advantage of the converse and have been included in the settlement when it came. Yet it was deliberately left out. Tbe strike was not only more severe, but more prolonged, on tins railway, from which, as Ma.

Butterworth says, nothing was asked and which had concern in tbe questions in dispute, tban any other. Tbe callous levity which could leave the whole North Eastern district without railway communication for no cause whatever equalled by the bed faith which threw over the union, own covenants. In this case insubordination on tbe part of the men cannot be pleaded; they came out only because they ordered, and they went oaca when they told. What reliance can be placed in an organization that behaves with such I I llliy to be known before the merits of the controversy can be ujxierstood. The decision, of which Loan Ernuxr eom Harris to the House of Lords by way of appeal from a decision of the Court of Appeal, which inhnouahr reversed that of Ma.

Justice Nxviixa. Loan Foster, whose lands abutted on the banks of a part of the defendants from fishing in that river. As free holders of the hundred or manor of Wi the latter claimed a right of "free fishery of fishery," from which the plaintiffs THE RAILWAY INQTHBl would exclude them. It i at least three centuries the freeholder of certain parishes bad fished in this stretch of water and had sold in open market the fish which they caught Ma. JesncB Nartrxa thought that a legal custom had been proved, and dismissed the action.

Some of the Judges in the Court of Appeal and House of Lords owned that they approached the question with an anxious desire to support, if "be possible," a practice which had tinned for centuries. But thev could certain principles barred the way. One of these is that any customary right acquired by prescription must be reasonable and certain. and a claim by an indefinite number of take what the law calls a profit a prendre formal business, sad yesterday they began the taking of evidence, Sir David Harrel, the I and the four other Omimisrioners, Sir Retchtre Elbe, Mr. Arthur Henderson, proved that for M.P., Mr.

G. Beale, and Mr. John Burnett, without limit or stint legal origin could be presumed for such a claim. The law of England," said the Master of the Rolls. does not allow sueh an unlimited mercial right of fishing inabato solo to passes appurtenant to land, aad it not possible find a legal origin for tbe right." When the matter came before the House of Lords there a striking diversity of opinion.

The Lord Chaw cellos. Loan Shaw, and Loan Ashhourxe thought that such an origin aught be presumed, and that a grant to the freeholders of certain parishes wsi "The alternative is that the freeholders have been poachers for all these centuries. That would be the most violent, presumption I beard of." Loan Gorell, Loan Halshcry. and Loan KnnrsAR took They thought that there between the usual requirements of freeholders, who might be multiplied indefinitely, and the right of fishing end selling the catch that there was note scrap of evidence to support the idea ot an incorporation ot the freeholder. and that such incorporation was inconsistent with their claims Tbe other case to which Lord Everslet refers is Johnston v.

O'Neill, twice ersued the House of Lords and decided last month. The action was brought to obtain a declaration that the plaintiffs as proprietors were entitled to the exclusive right of fishing for eels in the whole length and breadth of Lough Neegh In form a claim as to part of this great lake. extending over parts of five counties; the action was intended to settle the question Whether only the proprietors could fish for say kind of fish. Here, that the public bad fished freely from old times the waters of this lake, the largest United Kingdom. The plaintiffs' ca that tins wee done only by their indulgence, that by series of grants from the Crown they had the exclusive right of fishing large stretch of the River Bean, and that the fishermen adopted new and highly destructive methods.

The already been the subject of much litigation in the Irish Courts. But not until this year the entire question reviewed in the House of Lords. Here, too, there was remarkable diver sity of opinion. Ms. Justice Ross's decision in favour of the plaintiffs was affirmed by the Irish Court of Appeal composed of three JuoW and four Law Lords (Loan Halsbury.

Lord Macnaqhtct, Lord Doedix, and Lord Ashbourne) thought that they were right. Under the various grants, particularly that from the Earl of Domroaxx in 1861. the predecessors of the plaintiffs had acquired real and exclusive title, it is add that Lord Ashbourne was that their claim bad bean made out as to the of the lake. On the other band. the Lord Chancellor, Lord' 8haw, and Lord favour of reversing tbe judg ment of tbe Court below.

To Lord Loreburn seemed that the plaintiffs had no better tban "paper title," unsupported by clear evidence of actual possession, and that there was no ground for destroying an industry which had been earned on from tune immemorial. This is an unsatisfactory state of things, at no fault is to be attributed to tbe JudSes. who did not make the law, and who are bound by decisions dating back to Coxa', time. Nor need there be much wonder as to the the whole history of the law in regard to end, it may be added, fisheries, but an attempt to apply originating in an order of things which has passed away What is tbe legislation in regard to these matters but an endeavour to meet new needs and cir is not to be wondered at that, in the effort translate the language of feudal law into modern, there are difficulties as to which opinions differ. Tbe Tudor lawyers knew and denned the rights of commoners and tenants they did not recognize the "public," and made it very difficult for their successors to in the well known The Public and Fishery Rights.

Lord Eversley, who has always been vigilant in protecting public righto tend, is justified in drawing attention in our columns to two recent decisions by the House of Lords in its judicial capacity. They have been tbe subject of much ihsn.sssnn. not wholly favourable and it has been pointed out, often with unjair commonta, in regard to the remarkable diversity of opinion amon the Law the inquiry, should be generally and clearly that the majority and the minority have Ulirttnnd Industrial conciliation has be followed, the mam, party lines. To some in this country, and great readers of Loan Kvrrslet letter aw doss in fact fall within tbe scope of hopes have been based on it. As we have lad position may not be perfectly dear.

He mea Articte L.ad rhkTtoa dmtbil JhTw hl tiade iMgi.l ill and trade tioastb, bar idss lj toressfrfremthssade have gone a long way in Stassasting or sub verting old. meonvenient decisions. Selbornr's judgment in that ease passages not easily reconcilable with recently delivered judgments. But certain part, of tbe old law are too clear and intractable to be diaregarded and the application of other parte to modern circumstances is necessarily ambiguous. apt at O'Neill's right, are as unquestionable in law as those of say owner of property and but fair to recognize his generous otter that, if the 111 in keep out of a small part of Lough Neagh, essential as a feeding ground for the River Benn.

they may fish as formerly eosAet jnf fJJM j1" sfosratkm by the Legkteture. Baeent legai decisions reveal doubts and i nlmlii, winch ought net to remain; aad he will be dofaff a pebtto serviced be helps ramovmg WORKING OF CONCILIATION BOARDS. THE CASE FOR THE MEN. The Royal Cornmisrioo of Inmury into the working of the Railway OsnriBaHnu Scheme held their second meeting at the Royal Com miasions House jwetorday. The Comnssssoa st their first meeting on Wednesday had ee present.

A number of ropressniatise. the railway companies and of the men were given seats in the room, The prceeedirbeonuiwiththercedirof the terms of reference by the secretary, Mr. J. J. Wills, of the Labour Department of the Board of Trade.

They are as follow. cUiaUoa and Artaawatioa ScUme gaed on behaX of the satosteel railway 1 I aad of tar. trade anions of railway iwswyaj at the Board of Trade oa Vorember ft, 107. add to report was. changes (H any) are desirable wtth a Tiew to the asotaat aadsaterfaiSnry slssssaof AMareat held oa Wednesday fast to awp procedure they Secretory of toe ItoUw.T Deptm oitUloari With regard to evidence, they applied ia the fir them by obtaining witnesses who could gteS evidence bearing oa the questions referred to, beginning with aa esprsenea of the views of tea sssa, EVIDENCE OF MR, WILLIAMS.

rattans, general eecretary of the AiaaSja Mr J. E. mated Society of Railway Servants, was the first witness. Be was first questioned by the CuauucaX with regard to the procedure by which the gree it the agreement provided for sectional Concilia. Boards and for a Central Conciliation Board for mpany.

For tbe purpose of forming the the area served by a company was divided into and tbe men proceeded to elect one or mete representatives for A candidate mast be nominated by at least 30 mes of hi. own action. Each admit of SO year, ia the station had a vote. Tbe man elected for particular section ia each district whan assembled together formed the tmphfit' sectional board for the com Th. Chauusax.

If a company area be divided Into tear sMtists sad the men atset two represent a heir section in each district, then the na tive, of pfefsV skis of a asetioaal board will consist of eight men The witness. That has not been an absent he Central Board, bat. taking it as a general iWBSjl there have been two forTaVtioa. Tas OoavAjnas Pursx. The companies' representative of equal nombar are supplied from a panel arranged by th company Tat, bet that panel to not etrietty adhered to.

It varied in accordance with ehcrnnatanrea a oaKicular section's Krievancea are being Minsideisd bv the board, aad the company has not aa official reprraeatativc of th particular sect on on the original Thi Central Board k. formed on tb ra. sM of one or more members of each board and. aa equal number of isptssMistlv from the ems ban nwo Wulwata kAessm to a aocUonaf board it most mad. was stated in tb agreement.

in the usual manner to the officer, of the department. The Chairxax. I presume that the manner is different with th different companies rTha wknem, That has been th view pot forward by the companies, and I may say that there has been a good deal of disagreement as to what was th usual have produced that the uual procedure with certain grade. wa not by petition; nevertbelem in tb majority of tnstsnaat th companies' view has prevailed, and although dfhnt avideaea has not bean produce, that nf Wises ted. ha.

been the practice generally adop moat join if they wiah to convey an oral apnli to tbe company in order to get their petit i. no definite rule. SomTr and others inairt upon a practical majority. We wUen.3v3a Trade aadtC Great Eastern Company the basis to cover other iignature. to a petition, w.

are stfll in doubt whether th company will accept that as a i us msnl allis demand of the men the sect ion. When yon speak of proportion, ha. not tas proportion bean arrived at by companies? ThwT was a proportion with the Great Eastern Railway. It was baaed upon 11 signatures tor every 100 of the awn employed la a particular been aflowed to sit even after bavsao? hav expiree. The CBUflgSSSa her ramarhsd tea at aresan they were only speaking generally, but whan toey cam.

to joe practice from tea terms of the agreement, th Assjast kJtkultH loo7 aecOooal 'boasdas' dk'l prodad for ia tea iri.wii III i.aad a they had bean Iby the i i of asm ttos sea be mad those two Aad a tnsy oa agraa, sssosss be an teams tnwMteitiiisjjanmteske j.Btislaeas.