The Times from London, Greater London, England • Page 25

HE ilMES, Wednesday; VeBRUARY 15, 1865. V. JJJfoonJed wr pre en eeeWiaslical esta rVT the Church of all its encroach impo wm cot off the Church of in process oi ckiito ny iw ana aa jMfh Catholic, that transcendent! Hnu hr 'faithful Christians, it was andjs o. nnJcr nr iwft.ivb!o definition of it, of i act whatever, much mora of i .4 Iff with the Legislature. There were, ibut two part" ta that (great settlement fuKvfO and the PeopV the piritulty" wens rjr lh most because the best Silwtl'rtl(''i conservative part subjects.

Mr. Gumsrosi im tnm metaphor wl vhen he1 protest treaiin; the consent of the Church to bo t8 VJ i rt with a va the Utra "pil i Vwool to be carded. No one would deny that jaiaential a bolras the clergy vere moro than Jaive Material but it is another thins; to speak a equivalent" to "the Church," or to main ja that' the could or did laako a Concordat with clear apprehension of thi point dispone ft tb iprobleai. It cuts the whale' ground tocacnJor the rather superfluous question whether aocep'tinj: the Statute of the Reformation tho Clcrch her slaty as the guardian of the EieTl rr and parcel of the peopla of the svrdotal 1 ly was not free cither to act pi of ti rrfe them while the Church Catholic, 'setters this wpdd, and bavin? no legal or jjg.Jje existence; Muld not possibly Iks committed an Act of Parliament to such a breach of her ifrt trM The nest query, however, isfar more icaland far rnone 'susceptible of a conclusive VTe hold, in' common with tho puolic geno tiat the Judicial Coulmittce of tho Privy Gcar rd i constituted in a manner eminently axfconaWe, to "reason as a Court of Ecclesias "jlppfaL It contains a nincl. larjrr num.

brr ft Rtwt than, any other tibcEilin the realm, and even than tho House of Leeds. Ationj them are always to le found tho cast experich 'ed ecclesiastical Judges in the CX'JtJr hapjcn that lr. I siiiotos st prcr.r" the "only profeised civilian in the rTjCcunc3 the fault is not in the system. Jfo iiher linilcsry of ecclesiastical law can bo named tIo isxct an, advocate 'or counsel, aiul if the ohso Jca QKtt ci should l0 reston no other "eucfcit" of juJicial rauV clould lw found to be pliln thrConuuision. is here, lii Tjcerae rpo'atwo sonons errors in Mr.

Ol.vp ph' fw ecclesiastical luws by toclosListical jijti," crrofs due to no want of learning or of caitrui the writer, 'bat simjJy to tho want of anty with. legal, textbooks 'ahl a tm implicit "riiacton Blthapflitsoy The first is the strained aiieatavly 2elusiro construction which ho putt tB the preamble of an imjwrtant statnte and act pauaes in the works of Coke, whrreia the our Ecclesiastical Courts is vindicated, ajsinst teEijwral or lay tribunals, but as isisst the pretensions of llome. Any juipjxirt for 6 dcrtrine that laymen, or even that Common lii Judges, are ineonipotent to sit on ecclesiastical appeals, will be sought in vain in the records of riffofr law lince. th Heformation. Nor would it trt been sought at all but for the unfounded state acts Dijop Gitaas respecting tho mode in the' Appellate Jurisdiction was exercised ouler the.

TrN'Ss aiidStrAKTS. The less false of Bishop Gnsox's two assertions is that "there' are "no footsteps of any of the nobility or Common Law "JnireSjhj coujmissioa, till the year Kyi. It Lit sinx teen demonstrated, especially in the Talose lately published under the Bishop of Lo.v Ks direction, that in one caae at least, that cf CovniT, two Common Law Judges were ap pciatel 'is Delegates, and that there is 'q aite as nath reason for supposing Common Law Judges to Lre ieen oa other, Commissions as for assuming tho prjjcoe of Bishop Gicsijs's sacouJ assertion, that from lCsM neither Common La vr Judges tor nobility are found in above 'one Coia mission1 iafarty till the year 1630," is ai contrary to the Let if coollwell be, it has bea. clearly; sijTL that they sat on'more "than ohe sltth of allvj issued, and far more frequently; tiia the Bishops. The permanent element in tho; Cjnrt was the cii iliansj aal long before it was faly eoaJenitie'l in: 1832 had a ased to; BEOihers of it, while Judges bocomo an' integral part of these, details, otherwise mH Cttresttr, ia twofold.

They show the tl hiiig on which' these Itistoncal theories of Ciardi indepeudeuco have been built, and tbey re ciai tts that That ias lately been claiiaod is some i tisjwithoat precedent in the anuili of the Church' Eniand. This consideration alone would relievo a front the necessity "of discussiru'the juestion; vhetLerit is coustitutiOna'ly possible Xj nullify tho" Ccsrt of Final ApTwal, "so that it s'la'J eon'veyi the in matters of Itii agaeition which we'foel Wtll assured no states anjs Mr, GLimtu.ne's jHjsition nmtertalccf opb iii yarliaatent. 'Courts of jjotice aro'riof ettihlahcdto arey the sense of but "Kntj.sxd ailioinistir the law xw Tfcat tie JuJicial Comiijitteo has failed U. do this ifflcIontJy is iiot fisin a the had refusal to hitpplcinent WLw of tlw laVil by dogmas Uj'nuwi froin theo i hioiuent this ii'ica wai grasped, hy. "i W' lt laity, then by thiiri.rrjudiced' r4y, 'The' Lw of Appeal Am Asso, WameVftn abjttivo iiistitiitii.ii.

Sir. Cl.t.3Toxr.'lv.ixjTea'm to thank thesn for.tliJ tenj4 to W.n).romiso him by ripubliKhiug lllct which, jfUr the lapse of liftn Ijnegdiairesh preface by hi ins, A ihrt cotivcnation on Monday night in tho of Vris upon tho casual jm.jr of tho giyoi, pn. opjiortuiie to tho K'Jtioa. which" ilr. Walteii made in tho Housq Commons, the same ercnlng, for a return of tho of ho iscs threatened by thu projosed the Law Court, and tho amount wepoj ulatmii residing in them.

Upon a motion 5 Lord Uov iiirosVlor returns relating to thor tld Voot mi of toiAi occasibn to observe upon the aactory operation of the Bill, remarking that nctropohs had never been more infested by sen Leant, thaa' it was this year, nor had there Un aistress." It is sati 7 that he urged what would lw the Wy tW tJat is, to place the relief of tV2" C10r or less unler the control of Tlwro is no need to pronounce hastily M. the BJl as whole. IU principle is; peri Wand far as goes. It only requires te, "Wwrnted by giving the police a tho vagrant classo, to make Hoa aomtnodation provided for 'V'S r1 Foktmcce's facts, Lord Juit iew of them. lie Jt the Tf.vUions of the Bill luid been rendered u7 ur numerous evictions, "amount to not lew than 15,000," which had taken iuence of the metropolitan im JVemenV ilo regards, in faet the incrcaao'or oiwaMyn'1 alWent poverty on which Lord remark, a directly caused by the do dwcUin2housei of the poor in bur "seat nnr.

iw our the receipt of IJank notoe to the amount J'swjc works. Uere, for example, is but one account of incbme tai, from X. O. Xi" mprorement among many the reconstruction of the Law Conrta. Iiow minv Iummm now Inhabited by poor people will it demoliah, and bow many poor tamiliea will be driven out into till more miserable habitations In still more crowded neiirh boorhooda, or, pcrhapt, to no home at all, and to shiver into pauperism and vagrancy While we are relieving mendicancy with the one hand, are we creating it with the other There can be no doubt that, the poor do tuffer oriously from the unceremonious invasloivi to which they are now everywhere exposed.

People general have probably bttle idea of tho amount of individual disturbance which a railway, a new street, or a public building will produce. It aooma a slight matter, compared with the vast ex tent of London, to poll down one aide of a street. composed of moderate sized houses but there are many such streets in the most central parts of Lon donono tide of which would contain the population ot a largo country parish. Each of these moderato aized houses will contain five, aix, seven, eight, or even nine, families, many of thorn co'mposod of a husband and wife and several They are packed, one over another, in floor over 'floor, two families often on each landing, and, besidea that, another family; in the "kitchen, and another sometimes in a hovel in the back yard of the house; Those who pass through the gloomy lacking street little dream of tho denso.human life which, is swarming around them. To disturb such a street is like dis turbing an anthill.

It looks quiet enough outside. a few of the inhabitants walking to and fro' on their ordinary errands, but kick it over, and yon see whole, nation rushing about in despair. There are two things, however, which must be remembered in order to form a just estimate of the amount of sutfering thus, produced. In the first place, in such poor districts as wo are describing the mere necessity for removal is seldom tho hardship or inconvenience to a family which one might be apt to suppose. The whole character of such a population is migratory, Families do but lodgo in rooms, and they are perpetually changing from, ono room to another in tho same house, or from house to house.

Pro vided, therefore, that they havo due notice, merely to require, tneu removal is, in many cases, only to inflict on thorn what, it is their constant habit to inflict on themsolves. But in the next place, sido by with this process there is another proeiws which is supplying a continual remedy. In many" largo districts of London the poor are becoming more and more "the sole inhabitants. Persons who have known a district intimately for some years could point out many streets, in which whole houses used to ho occupied by well to do householders, which aro now inhabited floor by floor and room by room as we have described. Tradesmen' are every day more and more settling their families in the suburbs and using only the lower part of their houses as places of business, and then the upper part" frequently becomes inhabited by the poor; or professional and fashionable.

life moves to more distant quarters, and the houses are immediately taken possession of by swarm of the neighbouring poor population. It would be very hard to estimate how far this process extends, but that it does go on at the present day, and that the poor are thus partly relieved of their difficulty, cannot bo doubted. Moreover, it is a process whichjwill continually advance The tendency of the whole business population Of London is now to live in the suburbs, and to nse the central parts of town for mere pnrposes of busi ncss. The more this goes on, the more inhabited houses are left at the disposal of the poor. At tho same time there is a real danger in carrying on this process of improvement too rapidly.

If all even of the desirable improvements now proposed could be at once carried into effect the conseqoonees to the population would bo div astrous in the extreme. No doubt, also, many of the public; 'works Lord LoxoroRD alludes to have been executed with less consideration for the necessities of the poor than can be in any way justified. At the. very least, this wholesale destruction of houses must raise rents in the. immediateimmediate neighbourhood, and a sndden addition of sixpence or a shilling to a poor man's rent is a hardship to him which it is for to estimate.

That there has been reason for still more serious alarm is apparent from a paragraph in our impression of, yesterday, years," it was Stated, tho number of inmates to houses in poor neighbourhoods has risen in the ratio' of four and with this steady rise in overcrowding has come an equally steady rise in the Registrar's returns of fever cases, which during tho last threo years hare been more than double the annual returns for nearly a quarter of a It would bo obviously incorrect to ascribe this evil entirely to the progress of public improvements. The mere increase of the population will alone account for the greater part of it, but the evil thus 'caused ho doubt, been aggravated b'y the sknultantious destruction of houses. It may be that Lord Dskbt' attention to the aamo hardship in the course of last Session, and a Resolution passed the llonso of Lords which affirmed it to be the duty; of the railway companies to remedy the inconvenience which they caused to; the working class by providing cheap trains; to and from tho Lord. Denny hoped that by this means the ior man would bo able to live in greater comfort in a more healthy neighbourhood, passing daify to and from his work, andreadily recovering iu his rent tho additional oxiwise of his daily journeys; The London, Chatham, and Dover llailway havo already determined on running a train between BLackfriars and Victoria stations at tho mplmto rato of a shilling for a weekly ticket. Wo heartily hope that othor lines of railway will follow the oxamplo, and wo have no doubt that all the working men whoso occupations of it will gladly avail themselves of the opportunity thus offered them.

Nothing could more conduco to the comfort, prosperity, and moral benefit of a working family than to remove them from the 'unhealthy, and almost indecent crowding of a London flat to tho quiet, independent easy a littlo home in tho suburbs. At tho same time this arrangement, like the other circumstancea we have alluded to, will bo but an alleviation of the evil. There are many large classes of workmen to whom it is absolutely essential to liver in the of their workr The journeymen tailors and shoemakers who supply the great houses of business at the Westnd must be at hand, to answer any sudden call from their shops. This sort of work is fitful and uncertain. A man may sit still for days, and then have to sit up for a uight or two, and if he is hot on tho spot when he is wanted he may lose his opportunity.

Then there are all the small tradespeople who supply this class, many of them little better off than their enstomersr They must be constantly at their shop and have it open at almost all hours, in order to drive a successful trade. In short, there must bo. always resident in London a very large population of the poorest classes, and of those who supply their wants. Perhaps by the departure to the suburbs of the classes immediately above them they may to a Urge extent have room made for them but there will still a great deal to bo done in order to supply thorn with sufficient and docrnt habitations. 'The ChancelIoirof the Exchequer acknowledges the receipt of Bank notes to the amount of 251., on FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.

yiuNpz. (ntox oub owjr ooanMroxDKjrT.) PARIS, TraoAr, Fkb. 14, 7 a.m. man has proposed more schemes for the 'political and social, regeneration of society than M. EmOo Girardin.

who used to boast that he had an idea a day. Ungrateful society treats, him as it has treated others, and will not accept his remedies for the many ills which afflict, it. One of his last ideas, to the propagation of which he baa" devoted many a column in his journal, is the absolute power lessncss of the press, though for "aught anybody has heard he is indebted for his advancement and his fame to that same press which he affects to hold in contempt, and even now employs it as the moat potent. means to prove its impotence. This self; contradiction is the more amusing as M.

Oirardin is in the habit of publishing, at the end of each year, all the articles he has written in La Preise' According to" custom, his Essays for the pant 13 months have iust appeared in a collected form, under the title Force et Kich esse." people wui agree with him in what he says of tho ruinous system of trreat stand ing armies and the abuse of the principle of intervention, and in favour of universal peace and amity; of the extension of public works, the development of industry, decentralization, the 'pacific reform of society, itc Nothing can be better than the recommendation that men should, lay. aside their jea lousies ana thoir rivalries, and their quarrels, ami lire together like brethren. But II. Girardin thinksthat it is hopeless to obtain, these results until he sncooeds in finding some intelligent Govern ment that will. adopt his theory, which is, in fact, the radical suppression of all that now The new Constitution which he offers to any Sovereign acute enough to understand it, and courageous enough to carry it out, is a curiosity in its way.

31. Girardin requires that there shall be one su preme Chief of the State invested with the plenitude of political power. Ho will have neither Legislative Chamber nor Senate, nor representa tives of the nation of any kind. He will have the whole' action of Government centred in the hands of the Sovereign, and, in certain grave cases, the wuuie oouy oi me people io uecme Dy a simple Yes" or No." as in tho llepublica of antinuitv. The country is to be no longer.divided into Departments, Arrondissements, and Cantons, but only Com nunes administered bv elected magistrates.

He will disband the army, but will allow of a public force raised by voluntary enlistment for the maintenance of internal order. What is called foreign policy must entirely disappear, except, in an economical point of view, and non intervention be adopted in its most absolute signification. such. thing, as a public debL but only a communal debt, v'otod and paid bv the communes. No imposts.

but merely insurance premium paid at will by each citizen. No irremovable judges, hut only Jjiga dt Pdix whose principal function will consist in trying to reconcile adversaries and effecting an amicable settlement of their uiflerences. Iso payment by the State for the maintenance of public worship, but only the right of each religious com munion to establish itself, and subsist according to its will and pleasure and at its own expense. He repudiates the doctrine of checks or balances in the play of Government, or of any negative power beyond what maybe found in a. Council of State as the conservator of the pubjic liberties'in a court for auditing public accounts, the members of which are removable, and a special Commission charged with revising the codes every ten years.

'Such are the outlines of this, scheme of reform developed by Girardin at considerable length, and which he offers to tho first Sovereign, capable of estimating them' and desirous of making his people perfectly happy. When this js done, he will perhaps admit at. last that the press is not so powerless as he describes it. The Pourtales Collection, which will soon pass' into so many hands, has suggested to a very clever man and a skilful eonnouicur, si. Uharles Mane, who was.

under the Republic a Director of the Beaux Arts, an idea which at all events has the merit of.originality. It is that the law of ex pro priation in respect of houses should be made applicable to the best works of art. The reasons for which proprietors of houses are compelled to give way on receiving indemnification is based on public utility, and M. Blanc thinks that public admiration is sufficient to justify a similar measure, in' the. case of the ehef iTavcrtt of painting or sculpture and that, when, the owner of a collection of dies, and.

the heirs intend putting them up for sale to. the highest bidders, the Government should step in, in the name of the arid enforce its right on account of public admiration" to select the best of the collection; 'Should they resist, a jury of expropriation should be chosen to fix the priceof the articles destined for the Museums of the State. The sale was resumed yesterday with the collec Within the last ten 'n painted Greek vases, some of the designs i being exquisite. The celebrated painting of the Assassination of. the Bishop of Liege," by Eugene Delacroix, was sold 'by auction at the' sale room in the Rue Drouot on Saturday at The Death of Ophelia," in pencil, by the jame painter, was knocked down for which was considered a large sum for a sketch.

"SULouis at the Bridge of Taillebourg," in water colours, fetched 3, lOOf. Other water colours and sketches sold well. Somo copperplates, engraved by Eugene Delacroix himself, were likewise sold. The sale produced The frost" 'is still severe in Paris the thermometer marked five degrees below freezing point at 12 yesterday. The Three per Cents, closed yesterdajr at fi'f.

25c. for the end of the month, anl the Fonr and a Half per. Cents, "at 9Cf. 40. Orleans Rail way shares, 923f.

Great Northern, l.OlOf. Pans and atrastourg, olor. Joe. 1'aris to Lyons and "tho Sleditcrranean, 047f. 50c.

Western of France, 542f. 50c. Bordeaux and Cette, 577f. Bank of Credit Mob'dior, 0C2f. 50c.

Austrian Railways, 413f. Roman Railways, 282f. 60c. Ooiirs Authf.ntiqvt. Pahls, Feb.

IX Cu I'ricoa. Four snd wr lf. lo. Three per fi7f. 5c.

15c; Tiwu'iry (all psi.l). 4W. CrMit Foncir, hafs of M)t. ITfV. Ii't.

Jittn. OUisituint of M0f Four WAV. 40tr aitln, Trntlia. Four r. 7.e.

miw, uniifauons ot inrre rr 7V.J ditto, Ttlii, Thr. per lJf; 7.V. OJf. 0'llgtlntnof Knut pi r.Cent., irjt. riOe.wr.

7Sc. liius.nu. Three er ilit U. Fifths; OMijtatiqus, Thrre ir 82f. Tute.

XI f. Credit Inluitnel rt Uummnr cisl, shares' of fO()f. (12.V. paid), 74. Deposits sn.l Aeeounts Current Scietr.

nhsrrs.of W. pail). 1 rClf." 2V. Cvmmorcial sd.I Inilustrial lltnk. (hires of fOOf.

12.if. psi.il. KW'r. UrMlt Mohilier. stainneil Wf.

fsV. IHBf. SClf. 35c OCOf fAi. Grnoral Society for the.

Development of Commerce and Inilaitry in Fraoce, of ionf. (12V. ri.l), fiOOf. Diioonnt HinV. iUmiwl 'Ji 'f.

SOci Itstian Fire per Ooupons of l.OODf.. Rif. Jittn. of C'f. 10c.

20o. tlitto, Cuupon's of. lOUf. tq eseinsive, oi. vk.

inc. VKi unto, imu pons of Cot. 20c. 4c; Jitto, Coaiwns under f.7f. Crf.2..; Austrian Five per 1852, 82 Spanish Three per Exterior Debt, 1S52 42; ditto, Small Coupons.

43; ditto. Interior Debt, 40J ditto. Smsll 0Uxm.v Deferred Converted; 39; Ruwian Five per 1362 (all paid), .801 Mexican Six per lSil pnid), 55J Belgian Four and a Half per 1844, 101; Roman Loan, 73? Turkish Loan, 1800 all paid). 3T0f. 358f.

75e. ditto; ObligaUoni. 1S (afl paid), XV. f. 3I3f.

CrWit Fonder of. Auitria. shares of B00f. (200f. paid).

6C2f. I0e. fifilf. 25o. ExeharEe on London.

at siht, paper, 2Sf. 17 Dinner, 23f. 12jc; three inontha, 21f. 90c; tnooey, 24f. 65c.

AUSTRIA. (from oub ow'x coaRE.sroxDi.fT.) TIE.VKA. Feb. lL Lieutcnant Gcncral von Roo'n, the Prussian Minister of War, and Count Itzenplitz, thei Minister for Commerce and Finance, nave completed their reports on Schleswig Holstein, and M. you Bismark ix about to lay before the King a memorial which is said to be in strict accordance with them.

We also learn frm Uerlin that the Prussian, MinisterMinister President will toon, be able to make known to the Austrian Government the conditions which he proposes to imposo on tho countries that have been freed from the galling yoke of Denmark." The Prussian Crown lawyers have received orders to accelerate thoir movements, and as soon as possible to make known to the Government their opinion in respect to the right of succession. It must be understood' that there are two questions on which the Prussian and Austrian Go vernments are at issue. The one is a question of i law (lUcKUfragt)'tiho other, which the Germans! call ah lpxrtnnit(rti 'boars reference to the future relations between Prussia and Schleswig 1 Ilolstcin. The Btehtt fragt the question concern tar the rieht of racorniou is for the moment helved, the Prussian Government having expressed i rcsuire noa to saae it in nana antu it na coma to an nnderstanding with Austria on the Oppor tunitaU fray compound word which cannot be rendered literally. Its trut sense, however, Is that Prussia intends to increase her power and.

in fluence in the norm of uermany by encroacn ing on some of the rights anil privileges of the future Duke Schleswtg uolstein. Tne question as to the right of succession cannot possibly be settled without tne co operation of tne German Diet; but the other and more important question will be brought to an issue by the monarchs whom the. Duchies were ceded. Baron Hock's mission to must necessarily prove, a failure, as Bavaria and Saxony are not a whit more inclined to make concessions to Austria than is Pruaiia. Bavaria objects io the' reduction of the import duty on the inferior qualities of Austrian and Hungarian wines, because sho wishes to protect her own wine trade and Saxony demands a of.

the duty on iron and steel exported from the Zollverein to Anstria. Donbtless, Baron to Berlin with a heavy heart, will consider himself fortunate if he can succeed in persuading "the German Customs' Committee to allow goods coming from Austria which are plombirt (under ocial seal) to pass throuth the Zollverein States without examinatio Early in the spring of the year 1HCA 1 informed you that several persons of note had been arreste'd at Pesth on a charge of high treason. At that time 1 was assured that the was of "very little importance but it must be supposed that mjr informants were in error, as a coart martial has just declared the persons in question to be guilty of the charges bronght against them. No account of the judicial proceedings has been made public, but the official Uner Zeltunj states that Messrs. von Nedeczky and vori Beniczky, whose sentence of death was at onco commuted to'imprison nient with hard labour for a term of 20 years, have confessed their guilt.

M. von Almasr, one of the most wealthy landed "proprietors in Hnngary, was convicted on circumstantial evidence, and sentenced IRELAND. (ntox otTK ows ooKxsrcnnKTr.l DUBLIN, Fx. 14. Mr.

Magtiire. jM.P has issued a lengthe ned address to his friends and supporters in Cork. Alter some soothing words to the electors Dnngarvan, whom he had been about to part with, and warm acknowledgments to the electors of Cork, who so zealously asserted his claims to represent his native city, the hon. gentleman declares his unalterable determination to appeal again to that constitoency at the general The contest, si it is carried on at Tralee between the rival candidates, every day grows mora clearly one between the advocates of constitutional government and mob dictation. To this dictation the Rev.

Mr. Mawe. the parish Driest, appears to have yielded. The resident" gentry and leading mer chants of tne town ana neignoounng magiaire having votes hate with but one exception declared for Mr. ivKenna.

The CDonoghue having accepted the Chiltern Hundreds. Cabtain Robert J. Otwav. R.N., Castle Otway, Templederry, anl Mr. Cnarles Moorsfort.

have addressed the electors of Tippe pf the education, of the people being under the guidance ana direction ot tne clergy oi tneir reapec tivedenominations, and of erfect relizioos equality in accordance with the Act of 1823." He says he will give his strenuous support to any measure Calculated to bring about such an understanding be weenlandlord and tenant a exists on hisown estate, as well as to secure to the occupying tenants full remuneration for permanent improvements and he wiU oppose any Government that will not extend to Ireland its fair share of the public expenditure. Mr. Moore declares that, if elected, he wui aevtor Ireland as an Irish member untrammelled by party ties." He is also in favour of religions equality, freedom of education, and a settlement of the land question on a principle of justice, to both landlord and tenant. The present Government however he says, not having madeany efforts to settle those PUBLIC PBTITI0N3. to 20 years imprisonment with hard labour.

Six I questions, is undeserving of the confidence othe other gentlemen, who were also convicted oncircum 1 country, 'and will be opposed by him asTong as Jlr. Moore pled es himself to oppose anv future stantial evidence, will hare to pass 14 years of their lives within tho walls of a state prison. As soon as it became known to the inhabitants of 1 estli tuat too nine political prisoners hiul been found guilty the Carnival was it facto at an end. All invitations to private balls were retracted, and the male and female members of the Hungarian aristocracy have tacitly agreed not to visit any public places of amusement. It is possible that' the sentence of the court martial was.

a righteous one, but the great bulk of the Austrian nation has little or no faith in military judges. Though the Austrian papers speak with reserve on tho subject, they give, their readers to understand that it would have been more satisfactory if M. von Almasy and his fellow sufferers had been tried by their peers. The Ott which rarely lifts its voice in favour Of anv thing or body that is not German, to day ob serves that the Austrian. Government has no choice but to prove to the world the guilt of the nine gentlemen who have been convicted of high treason.

The property of the prisoners will be. sequestrated, as they are to indemnity the state "for the damage they may have done to it," and to pay. for their board during the whole period, of their imprisonment. A German gentleman, who has just come to this city from Hungary, tells me that the state of public feeling iri that country is almost as bad now as it was 18 years ago. In my opinion it would have been good policy had the Austrian Government quashed, the proceedings against Alniasy bis associates.

On the 8th inst. the Committee of "Finance re solved to reduce the pensions granted by the Em peror to Uounti mckenburg (Commerce), Kech berjr (Foreiim Affairs), and Forgach (Hungarian Chancellery), on their withdrawal from office. Count ickenburg pension is to be reduced from to Count Rochberg's from to 8.400)1.; and CoUnt Forgach'a from ll.COOtC to that being the svim to which they by law are entitled. The Minister of state objected to the reduction proposed by the committee, but he was silenced by Dr. Giskra, who asked him whether the law of.

the 15th of June, 1848, was valid or not. To the very great annoyance of the Ministers, Count Vrihts both spoke and voted favour of the proposed reduction. lhe sum of 9,389, 440fl. was demanded by the Go vernment for the ri aval Department, but the Committee' has refused to grant more than' 0,500, OOOtl. During tho debate on the subject it came to light that the total outlay of the department in question during the years 1800, 18C1, 1802, 18G3, and 18t4 was In those five years seven iron plated frigates, two other frigates, "and 14 gunboats were constructed, 'at a cost of 17,000,00011.

Thus the outlay for tho administration and the pay of the sailors during that period amounted to The Ministers were yesterday asked in the Lower House whether they intended to reply to the seven interpellations' which were put to them about a month ago. No direct answer was riven to. Messrs. HerbU, Giskra, Skene," Berger, and Schihdler, the deputies who refreshed the memories of His Majesty's official advisers i but I am told that they will receive a reply on Wednesday next. Yesterday Lieutenant-General von Frank, the Minister of War, was formally.

requested to attend the next sitting of the Com mittee of finance. Ills being a hot tempered man will hardly fail to quarrel with tho Committee, they having resolved, come of it what may, to deduct the round sum of la.WW.OUOH. from his estimates. On the 9th inst, there was a confidential consultation between the Minister' of State and some of the leading members of the Lower House, it being his Excellency's intention to appeal from the unmanageable" Committee of Finance to tho plenary Assembly. The session of the ReichsratK is likely to be prolonged, the Cabinet having resolved to lay before it the Budget for 18GG.

On the authority of one of the principal persons concerned, it may be state 1 that the Minister of Finance bo furnished with means of paying to tho Bunk on the 1 UhMnst. the sum of The question relative to. the sale of the domains is still under discussion, and so it is likely to be for tome time to come, as tho tenjia at present proixwcd by the Minister of Finance aro unacceptable. In conso quenco of a contract ime time a'o male between the English General Credit and Finance Company and tho Austrian Crt'dit Mnbilier, tho former has ceded to the latter one fifth of its. subscription to tho Italian Innn, for which tho State domain 1 serve associirity.

Tho circumstance has crvated a grunt sensation here, it being generally known that the Imperial Cabinet denies the right of the Italian Government cither to pledge or sell the State domains belonging to Modena and Tuscany. During the last few days the weather has been so bad that it has been difficult to mako one's way through the streets' of the city. Enormous quantities of' snow have fallen during the last 43 hours, and for the greater part of that time a high and cold wind has been blowing. At Trieste the bora has been so violent that more than one heavily laden waggon has been upset in the streets. Under such circumstances it is no matter of wonder that all the foreign mails are overdue.

The Empress is now at Dresden. IR0X FniOATKS run ITALY. TO THE EDITOlfoF THE TIMES. Sir, I trust that von will permit me to, nialce a few remarks upon the article which appeared in your impression of the 10th and which, owinj to my absence from Eoj land, I hare Dot seen until this day. In your observations on the vessel now building at Mill wall for the Italian narr, you sav that her merit and defects are due entirely to her Italian dnigners.

Now, Sir, the fact is that the ship was designed by me for the Mill wall Irooworks, and the design was approved bj the Italian Government; therefore to be the credit or tho blame. As to whether tbe AtTondatore'ia what aa. iron clad ihoalJJ or not, I doubt whether that important question has jet been solved, bat in some points Uie AffoDiUtore has certainly sote advafitagea for wbich joa have not given her credit, la the first place she has the. most promioent beak ever yet given to a vessel, for, instead of projecting 8ft, it ex tends ta a distance of 30ft. beyond the bow, and has been generally considered to be quite as much as is advisable) her armour plates (except tho lower ttrake) are 5in.

instead of aa you sUto the inner skin is and not the frames are lft. Oio. apart, insteail of 1ft. and we have not made such an error as to plate the upper deck with So. of iron, but tbe main deck is so plated owing to the broaUides above that deck having no armour.

Therefore, Sir, although I sincerely hope that my. friend Captain Albinl's design may tarn oat all that is expected, still I trust that tbe Affondator will not be condemned without a trial, as shehrs msny ardent supporters, of whoa oot the least is, Sir, tout obedient servant, FEAXCIS B. AUSTIX. Ass. I.X.A.of tha MUlwall Ironworks.

London. Hotel Feder, Tttrin, Feb, 12. Givernment which may exhibit a like indifference to Irish interests." The children of, the late Mr. Longficld have been made wards of Chancery. His estates in the county of Cork, worth a yeajyhave been placed under a receiver; Mr.

French, a gentleman of property in the county, has been appointed to the office, on the recommendation of Mrs. Longdeld, mother of the minors. For the past two days it has been blowing a gale of wind from1 E.S.E. on the coast" of Wicklow. On Sunday night' a fine iron built1, schooner, the Anne, 270 tons, laden with, coals from Liverpool for the Mediterranean went ashore about midway between Wicklow Head and Mugglins Head, and soon became a total wreck.

The crew were providentially saved by the Coastguard from the Wicklow station under the command of Captain Balfour? R.X. Captain Balfour and his men reraained on the spot throughout Sunday, rendering what assistance theycoHld to the half drowned crew of the Mr. Walsh, "Lloyd's has since visited the wrecky which is this day reported, as hull below water." STiXJKEXCIIAXGE. Fkb Government Funds. Xew Three per Cent.

Stock. 71 ditto, for account, March 9, f7j India Stock. India i per transferable at the Bank of Ireland, ML Banks. National (3V. paid), 97J ditto, new (Wed at 25 premium) (20f.

paid), for account, National of Liverpool (limitel) (lOt 17; ditto.for account. 17 171: Royal (1(V. pail), 31; Union (limited) (23f. paid), 19. Steam.

Oty of UnbKn (10(V. paiil). Dublin and TJvernool Steamshin Building (30. paid), 53J. Mines.

Mining Company of IreUnd (7f. psid). 31J J. Railway. Cork.

Black rick.and ifJOf. paid). 8. Railway Preference. Dublin arid Drosheda 4 per cent ruaranteed stock, perpe Iln'r.

iLVofr; fromnnaroidaU. causes, only once or twice. During the Miilland Great Western 4 per cent, I veer unexpired, seven jean that he served he attended no less than 2SJ 9H. Miscellaneous. Patriotic Insurance (1(V.

paidj, for so meetings of the committee, and had under his cognixanea cocnt, 8. petitions. His eoneiliating and obliging manners will (Br fitXCTBIC a.LvrMSanoxaLTttMRarwO b.m.mbere.1 by all who knew him. whiU in the.dia Thenomination of candidate, for Tralee took bar of tobtta.c place to day. The O'Donoghue was proposed by tmpartiabty sceured for him the eonfldenee and respect of Aa iaUrasting retura moved for by.

the late Xr. Eaimul Gregsoo has just bsisn pristsd by order of tae' House. The object of tie retara Is to give some Ufovmatioa as to tbe growta of the praetios of pttitiooini. sad to s4 forth the nam bar of petitions brooght aaoully nndsr th gniino of the Public Petitiooj' Committee. Thus, by way of contract, it fa stated that 200 yean ago.

La the year 1CCL tbe number of petjtioos presented was 71. Oae hundred rears later the number had but slightly increased, being la only 47 while in the last year, 1864, the number of petitions amounted to Even at the commencement of the present eeatory there was no rapid increase, for io the five years coding 1801 5 the sverage Dumber was but 205. A marked change, however, took place in the year 1312 13, when tbe Dumber rose to' 1.C99, the avenge for the five years ending 1814 13 being 8O0L From the ytarlSS the annual numbers are given eoctiju ously to the present time. Iu the Eve years ending 1333 the average Bomber was In the five years ending 1337 the average number was 7,438. In tbe five yean ending 142 the average was 14.014.

In the firtyean ending 1317 theaverage lathe firs rears sndiag 1333 tho average number was 12,449. 1 In the fire yean ending S337 avenge umber 10U552. la the five yearsr sodiag ISu2 the avenge number was 12.600. la LSC3 tbe number was 12.J 0. Io lf4 tie number was 10,222.

Tbe two heaviest Sessions were in when the enor. mous number of 33, OS petitioas were presented, and ia I5f when thre were 24,279 petitions. It is mrioQS obserw that althQgh the average number ef petitions remaiBs about the auue the nrnnltr of signatures diminishes. In former times the number of signatures wa swelled bv the monster petitionafor th people's Charter the discovery of the gutastic imposition sought to be pne tisel upon the House in the caw of the petition pneeut4 by Mr. Feargus O'Connor in the ev 1M1 operatnl aa salutarycheck upoa thepractieeof occUugbu petitions, with millions of names attached, fur the purpose of intimidating the House and tbe supervision of the committee, ho invariably report to the House the case of that appear to them to be "fictitious." has gradually brought petitioning into a much more satisfactory state.

It is also satisfactory to learn that although the number of petitions ha nearly trebled since the year 1832 the expenae' of printing and publishing them has actually diminisheih: In tbe five yean ending 1 32, the average expense st a to! at 1,152. 15. petition having been presented in those five yean; while in the five yean 152. during which period 3.0i13 petitions were presented, the avenge expense is set' down for 12s. fid." This' result ha ben partly obtained by a reduction in the charge fur priuting, but it ha been principally eaased by the eare fid selection of petitions for printing by the committee, and by the system they have adapted of comparing pe titiona, so that when hundreds of copies of a petition' are sent about the country for signature only on copy ia printed, as a rule, and a reference is mad from all th othen to that petition A summary of the labours of the committee i given as tbe end of the return.

In 32 thy have had before them 3.,056 petitipni of which they have selected 37.214 for printing. The number of signature ia that period wa 8t and the number of reports made by tbe committee, 1,597. There have been seven chairmen in th 32 years, who erred as follows Mr. Littleton, on year Sir Robert H. Inglia, cm year Mr.

Oswild. three yean Mr. G. W. Wood, six yean Mr.Tbornely, ten yean Bonaam Carter, five yean and Mr.

Gregson, (evea yean. The' committee have Just expeneoeed a great loss by the sudden death of their late chairman Mr. Gregsoo. Arrived at a time of life when he might fairly have claimed exemp tion from active duties, he nevertheless continued to the very last day of, his existence give unfailing attention to the duties of chairman of tb committee. So seldom was he absent from hi post that in aome Sesion he attended every meeting of tbe committee in others he wa absent.

Mr. O. O'Connor and seconded by Mr. 31. Lyons.

Mr. Kenna was proposed by air. li. Donovan, chairman of the Town Commissioners, and seconded by Mr. S.

De Courcy M'Gillicuddy, J.P. The show of hands was in favour, of The O'Donoghue. There was' no disturbance. The polling takes place on Thursday. Mr.

N. D. Murphy was returned to day for Cork City without opposition. Mr. Maguire was proposed in order to make a statement.

The best feeling Ere vailed bn both sides, and the proceedings ended armoniously. AxoniKR Mcedkk us Japax. A private letter from an officer on board Her Maieaty's ship Odin states that a survey had just been mads of the defence of Nagaaalri. where the vessel had been for a short time. On the 22d of A asm list tbe Japanese authorities objected to bla'ns of the fortifications being maile, but they were too.

late, as tha surveying officers had previouly completed their work. Oa the eveninz of the same day Mr. Charles Collins, tne of the engineen of the Odin, was murdered by tUa Japanese. He was buried on tbe 24th. ThetMinon tne Jbih sailed for Ve.1 Jo, and she wa in the Suwonula Sea on the 30th, the date of th letter.

Thb MAKCHE rritR Jewel Robbery. At the City Police court on Monday morning, four men' and two women were brought up in custodv, charged with breaking into the shop of Mr. Howard, eweller, Maritet atreet, The names of the prisonen were John Moores, Dominiek l)slr, John Kv John Hartley, Lucy Moores, and Elizabeth Moore. Inspector Gee stated that the charge against the male prisoners was' that they, some time between the nicht of Saturday, tbe 4th and Sumlay, tbe 5th, broke into the simp of Mr. Howard, jeweller, Market atreet, and stole therefrom a quantity of jewelry, of the value of The female prisoners were charged with being accessories.

to. that after the fact. Mr. Andrews, solicitor, who sppenred for Dalyj sad Mr: Bennett, who appeared for the other prison re, 'applied for an a.ljournmeut of thi 'case, and the prisoners were remanded nnlil Thumbs morning, at a jarter pat 11 o'clock. ilnru kfi'er Cur'er.

FBRSCii Ai'TH)uiHiP. An amuvng letter" from Alex. Dumas to it'. Paul Menriee on the lubject of ths dramt Let Viux Ji'tnrt, now alut. to be revivnt at the Ambigu Comi'iue, docs great credit to tbe eautour or the former, and at the same time shows that 'posterity will run a risk of nuttin tlir sidd'e on the wrong borie' when it shall admire the prluctims of his mot prolific pen.

M. Duma admits that at a time when, his pur was too filled to allow hi in to lend money to hi friend, faul Meurice, i lent him bis name tliat tho saixeuful which sjifwarwl under tha iiani of A.Duma was writun, evrry linn of it. by Paul Muiiricr, an I tint Dumas did uot so much as read the manuscript which the Utter fc nt him. M. Duma now, in tho intrit of his friend, a rll as for the sake of bis own conscience, wishes publicly to make clsn.

breast in the matter. He rrgreta that, owini; to forgctfulncss ou hit rt iluriug five year' absenee fnmi France, M. Iivy pul'lishl the Tin) Dvtwu prt of hi works, and he compliments M. I. Meurice oa bio delicacy: in having never complained of this" piracy.

He concludes, with (xauisite rrancn.senumeniaiuin, ny oxprrssing ui oni mat Ji. r. Meurice may always reciprocate what the writer heartily kiys of him, Eiprit iotijut ttetur tmnlit friimr ScrrocATED by Oah. On Sunday information was lo.lge 1 at the Krthern Police office of an eacape of ess which taken place in a dwelling house in llenfrew. street, resulting in the1 death of person and the narrow eacape of another from the safh fate.

The houso in which ws oeeaed by Hugh M'Mil lan and his mother, is situated in the sunk flat of thu tcnemenL Oil. Sundiv morning a stronir "sa of gas was noticed bv the neighboun procealing from the i i i in it r. the proprietor of the houte, npped at M'Millans dour for the purpose of assertaining the source of the escape. Not reeeivinc anv answer, he caused the door to he forced open, and on the house being entered, M'Millan wa found quite deail. and her son.

Hu jh in a state of uneooscioasness, lving on the floors Drs. Reid and Renfrew hurried to the with kindly promptitude attended to Mr. M'Millan remaininz with him until he was pronounced out ot danger. Information was also sent to both of the city gas companies, when a number of men were despatched to the scene of the occurrence. On.

investigation they discovered that the roun pipe runnio? benmth the pavement outride was leaking opposite M'Millao's house, occasioned by a sinkieg of the footpath, and consequent pressure on the pipe. The pavement was made, of asphalte, and as there were do crevices throngh wbieh'the might escape npwaris, it found it way into iM'MUlao house, with th melancholy result above rUV i.GUgoie Hmii. Ve.t Ixoia Morals. The colonial blue hook just issued give aa untatisfictorv account of the moral state of some of tbe West India Islands. From St.

Kitt's the Limtenan't Governor. reporting on "the year has to say that there were 1J11 birthi and 'Wcf them were illegitimate, not far from half. In' Antigua 59 per cent, of the births were illegitimate on child in every 75 wa stiU oorn. The marriage there hav UUeo oa greauy Sn 110 there were 5.14 1 in 1359. 2KJ snd; in 1863 they had dwindled down to 1C3 ia a population of about 36,000.

Ths aaUre population of Antigus has bees decreasing' at the ratef neariv 1 per cent, per annum since the census of lStil. Ms 1SG3 the death.nu (without coasting ths stillborn) was 1 to every 23:53 living person 31 per cent, of the fbiUm died in their fint rear 17 per erat. is St. John' pariah, which ha more thaa 16,000 population but tl atlimainae in that pariah is stated to be ot Uoeh a elas that its en medical ofSoer qnestioes whether She people would not have a better chasee if they wtrt loft to th resorircei of nature. the House.

COURT CIRCULAR. OSDORSE, ner Majesty drove out in the morning with her Eoyal Highn Princ Ixie, and in the afternoou with Fria eeas Beatrice and Prince LeopotU Th Prince of Wales, attended by Major Teesd. went vesterdav to the exhibition of the work of the late Mr. barid Robert. R.

A. at the room of the Architectural Society io Conduit streot. Fibr a Narrow Escafe. Yesterday morninj about live minutes past 1 o'clock a. fire took place at button street, Goswell road, in the neenpatioa.

of a Mrs. Hudson, 'cnaeeho'w keeper. It' appean that as a eabilriver, Ko. 12, 1W, was passing along the street he notioeil fire io the basement, and at once gave an alarm. At the second floor a the smoke was blown awav by the strong win.1 Mrs.

Hudson, the proprietress of the boose, wa seen in her nightdress, hanging by her hand to tbe window sill, and a little further off her niece, aged 16, screaming frantically for help. The fire had reached the latter, and in her excitement she jumped from ths window, A man who was standing below mads so attempt to catch her, but failed, and she fell upon snd severely injured hlm. Her fall, however, was thus to soma extent broken, and sh received very triflinj injuries. All thi time" Mrs. Hudson was dinging to the window sill of the house.

Just, as she was in the set xif falling to the ground Conductor Shaw arrived with the Koal Society's escape. He was. hailed by; cheers from ths crowd, and. tbe woman wa told if ah could wait another second he would be rescued. The fire at that time hjit reached her arm and shoulders, and had burnt them terribly.

In spite of thi she kept hold of the stonework' of the window silt, and Shaw, the conductor, having pliced hi machine st the north siile of the building, mounted the ewrpe ami seized the un'ortnnate' wotniu. Sh called out. my poor child This" led the conductor to imagine that the child ha I been left in the building, and instead of carrying Mrs Hudson down tho ladder' he put her into tb canvas bagging abd aacen led again to the second floor, although the fire wa ragin; furionily and the smoke was so dense a to extinguiali tha in his lamp, lie saw a white in the room, he mvio for. Upon reaching it, however, ha fouml that it i only a cotton quilt. Still thinking that th girl luvl Icon.

Uft behind, repaired toward the back rooms, and there be nearly lost hi life, fur in trying to p.JS through the sruoke and flame he inhaled so niJch of the heatl vaur that before he cxil I the fire escape to get down he was, ieunl with sickorss st window. A general cry was raivd tltose below. The" clu eriug of tlie crowd seemed to give, hlin fresh vigour, aud, taking hold of th id nf his esrat. he descended in afrtv. Ky this tim th Ct rkenwell parish eigin hl arrivV.1, undrr the direction of Mr.

HiUard. and was fol" lowed ly bumimms engine of th brigade sud'twnof tisn.1 an. I Maon' land teamen. Xtsl. th turncock of the Nw' Kivrr Company, having previously drawn the; main's of the J'w Kiver aipany, there was plenty water, but th firemen were on able to get th Sr extiu'guhe'l until tlx premises were u.tally destroye.1.

It sUU that th uf ferer was uniusueL Fatal Gas Etrtsxttn at Liverpoil. ester dav morninj, abont 10 o'clock, a ga expb ion took ptacv at tha Albert Duck Warehouses, LivrjJ. by wliivh one man wa killed and several injure. I. Oa the warehousemen goinij to their they perceived a aUong smell of gaa about the premio and one of tinrir numWr.

Edwanl Ikwen. after making aa cxaioination of the ilts, tracej the smell to th mouth of a aewer in the warehouse yard. He applied. light to an aprrtvre in the iron cover of the hole, when instantly the ga ignited," th cover wa blown into fragments, and a column of fiauae shot up to the height of several fft, A large fngrnent of imn struck, Mr. Bowen on the head sad he die shortly afterwards.

Th pavement wa torn up for several jard around, and somo carten who were standing round were more or less severelv, though not dangerously, injured. Mr. Bowen was a seientifia lectarer, and wa intending haptlr to deliver a lecture on Ga.r He was about J) yein and had been many rears in the aerviee ot tha Iok Tiwt. or Itct ljrrjAT. rKYestdi4ajr 4te largest self rigating lifeboat ever built thi country for Vational Iifet nat Institution' hl herji'srbour trial in" the Rent' Canal Dock, Limehot)e.

in the presrae of. someomcen mine navy aau army, yxi many, oilier persons. The lifeboat, which 4Jft lo ig, wa capsized by means of some tickling attached to a hydraulic ermn. She immediately srlf righted, and tbe water aha brought rMcIc wiih her wa aelf ejeeted io half minute. Various other experiments were nbseouently md with the bt, aool thry all pro.luce.1 an eqaallr aaliafaetorv snlt.

The boat called th Van after Mr. W.Cooi.. ILA, F.K.S the distinguished marine artist, who, inelixtrng hia own liberal coo tribe trow ot 300L, has collected aearlv the whole cost ot the boas, amounting to 4'aV. ihe i to' be stationed at Korth Deal, io the neigLbourbflol of th Gouo win Sands, nad leaves to day for her station in charge oi some of her crew. Soxrnnxo Ltxs AJf ArTrrrrt.

The Patri of Naples state that taere is at presewt io tb Hosistal of Incurables in that city aa old woman, who is suffering from a Strang! disease. She every day cat st least five partion ot roast meat. 70 tfs, se rersl loaves, 'and ether food, of coarse including a goal quantity of maearoei. When' attempts are mad to reduce her diet she rare Bate a woman. Professor Zamozha ha reeeatly 4ertsks) to car the poor woaiao, bat ante the present bom her pp Ua remains eaimpairtd..