The Kokomo Tribune from Kokomo, Indiana • Page 14

4 KOKOMO TBIBUNE Soturdoy, April 17, 1948 THE KOKOMO TRIBUNE Published by John Arthur KauU Estate of United Association of Associated Pna The Associated Prem la exclusively entitled to toe use for publication of newe dtopatchec credited tott or not otocrwiM In paper and the local nawi published herein. Entered ai second eUM matter January the poitoffice at Kokomo, Indiana under the act of CoofrcM of JUreh S. 1879. THE KOKOMO TRIBUNE, Founded 1JSO. THE KOKOMO DISPATCH.

Founded Il7a TRIBUNE AND DISPATCH. Founded By carrier In city of Kokomo. per week Deadloddtis Has Set In .28 cents 13.00 $8.00 By mail In Howard. Tlpton. Miami.

Case. Carroll, Clinton. Hamilton anj Grant counties, including Elwood. per year payable in advance By mall In Indiana outalde above territory, per year payable In advance By mail outside Indiana per year payable advance MAKE UP YOUR MIND TO VOTE Another primary election is barely three weeks away and on the surface you would hardly know it. No public meetings are being held by either major party in Howard county and not much noise is being made by any of the candidates.

It's another of those uneventful campaigns which have been described as desultory, languid, listless and lackadaisical. The reason is, of course, the lack of a strong issue. Without the projection of an unusual or controversial personality or a civic issue into a local campaign, nominating contests always are tame affairs. The unfortunate thing is that this lack of interest usually results in a small turnout at the polls. Maybe it will be different this time, when the election is held on May 4.

Maybe more than the normal number of voters will take part. There will have to be a great deal more public interest shown, however, for that to happen. Staying away from the polls is not being fair to the candidates and certainly is unfair to the voters themselves. It's important to all citizens that the candidates nominated in May are the best available material. These candidates who are to be chosen will supervise the people's taxes, handle their money, enforce their laws and even help make their laws.

One of the offices for which there are contests is that of county auditor, which handles the distribution of all local tax funds and computes your tax each year. You want that office held by someone of ability and efficiency. Another office coming up is that of county treasurer, through which pours the money you pay in taxes on your house and personal property. You want an experienced, courteous official in that post. There are contests, too, for representative in the state legislature, where the laws you live by are made.

And both, parties have contests for sheriff, the top law enforcement officer of the county. Quality, good judgment, an understanding of public problems, and common sense are needed in these offices. So important is it that we select the best possible material that indifference on the part of anyone toward 'the primary is unbelievable. It must be remembered, too, that nominating candidates for county is not the only thing the primary is to do. It is also to elect delegates to the state convention of each of the parties, and choose precinct committeemen for each party to serve the next two years.

Delegates to the state conventions will have a voice in selecting delegates, district and at-large, to the national conventions, and the national conventions nominate the parties' candidates for President and Vice-President and adopt the platforms upon which the parties will conduct their national campaigns. That fact should bring the primary close to the interest of every Republican and every Democrat. The thing for everyone of us to do is to make up our minds that we are not doing our duty if we stay away from the election next month. ITALY GOES TO THE POLLS One of the world's fateful Sundays is at hand, as everyone who has been reading the papers for some months must know. Tomorrow, the Italian people go to the polls for an election of immense significance to mankind, for they will decide whether Italy will go Communist or remain on the side of democracy.

Many observers believe the stakes are so great that a Communist victory would lead to Communist control of France and a Red encirclement of Germany. They believe a Red triumph in Italy would signal the beginning of the sovietization of all Europe. Very the signs have been encouraging for the western democracies. A trend away from the Communists has been reported, and in Naples Wednesday night Togliatti, the great Communist leader, failed to hold the interest of a crowd he was addressing. Russia is believed to have mangled the chances for a Communist victory by rejecting the western powers' proposal to return Trieste to Italy and by again vetoing Italy as a member of the United Nations.

More important than Trieste and Italian U. N. membership, however, is the question of bread and jobs. Those are what the Red agents hold out to the poorly educated promise of better-paying jobs and more to eat. If that sort of propaganda has been overcome by faith in American friendship, the Communists certainly are beaten.

Americans will follow the returns from Italy with intense interest, partly because of the massive letter-writing campaign carried on by American citizens oi Italian extraction. Many thousands of these Americans wrote their relatives in Italy and urged them to vote anti-Communist as the best way of guaranteeing their It is believed this effort has had a tremendous influence. If they can, the Communists hope to win Italy by constitutional methods, i. gaining a majority in the elections or polling enough votes to demand key positions in the next government. If they fail to do that, they threaten to wrest control of the government by force.

Our guess is that they will fail either way. Proposals to reinstitute the draft would bring up the question again of what to do with men in the 4-M classification. That group, you will recall, consisted of men who had been married four times and had no more fight left in Rapids Press. Soon college grads will be hunting positions and fining Times. Washington Merry-Go-Round B-29 Force Penetrates Britain's Defenses; LeMay Stages Mission Washington, April maneuvers over Great Britain, the air- force has demonstrated its ability to slip a bombing mission of B-29 super-fortresses through the equivalent of Russia's defenses.

Lt Gen. Curtis LeMay, airforce chief in Europe, arranged with the Royal airforce to send a mock mission against Britain's tight inter- cepter and radar net. Because of long experience during the war, the British net is supposed to be the most efficient in the world. However, the B-29s not only broke through to their target, but most of them were never detected. Secret of the American success was altitude.

The big forts flew in at celling of 35,000 feet. As a result of the maneuvers, air- forcs strategists are convinced that the "iron curtain" around the Soviet could never stop a highflying mission of B-29s, especially since Russia's defenses are stretched out over thousands of miles, compared to the relatively small area defended by Britain. joint British-American maneuvers were pulled off by General LeMay without orders from Washington. Triumphal. Tour? General MacArthur's political boosters are trying to find a way to revive their hero's battered popularity.

Despite the drubbing MacArthur received in California, Wisconsin and Nebraska, Congressman A. L. Miller of Nebraska says: "MacArthur did not quit at Bataan, and. he if still a very live candidate now. I am amazed that anyone should count the general out." Next move being engineered by MacArthur's friends is his immediate return to the United States for a hero's ovation.

If MacArthur flies to California and makes a triumphal cross-country rear-platform train trip to Washington, with a speech to a joint session of Congress, they claim his political appeal would be revived. public observers believe MacArthur might wind up with as many boos as cheers on such a tour. In addition, it would juit about ruin his work as com- pnander of occupied Japan. Stop Locomotives Alert War Assets Administrator Jess Larson has stepped in to block sale to Finland of 30 locomotives, built during the war for broad- gauged Russian railroad tracks. Larson reported to Presidential adviser John Steelman that he suspected the Finns of fronting for Russia, and got White House permission to hold up the sale.

Before Larson stepped in, however, the Finns had already bought up six locomotives at $6,200 each. For the remaining 30, they were prepared to go as high as $50,000 indication of how badly Russia needs rolling stock. Larson now plans to offer the locomotives to western Europe un- dere the European Recovery program. Patronage Talks Ed Flynn, boss of the Bronx, ex- chairman of the Democratic National committee and one of the men who put Harry Truman across as Vice President, has decided to stick with Harry for another round. To insiders this is big news.

For Ed Flynn, more than almost any other Democratic leader, has groused and growled, fumed and fussed at Truman's leadership. Several times he has threatened bolt. Once he said he wasn't going-near the White House any more. Despite all this, Ed has finally sent word to Democratic Chairman McGrath that he will stick. Behind this, insiders suspect, is the same thing influencing other standpat Democrats patronage.

Unless they go along with Truman, they are cut off from the thing that greases political machines- jobs. Ed Flynn, incidentally, got one juicy, all-important job just a short time ago. After considerable pressure he secured the appointment of Paul Rowen to the Securities and Exchange commission. Rowen is known to be ready to vote for Ed Hanrahan to become chairman of the SEC, and Hanrahan, in turn, is also a friend of Flynn's. This will give the Flynn law firm, which handles considerable Wall street practice, two friends on the commission which governs Wall street.

was after the White House appointed Rowen to the SEC that Flynn decided to (tick with Truman. Dictatorship In addition to the excellent job done by Senator Bridges in smoothing John L. Lewis's ruffled hair, Congress might give some thought to the most undemocratic part of Lewls'i failure to hold real mine By Drew Pearson Unlike the United Auto Workers, the Electrical Workers, and various other unions which stage tough election battles annually, the United Mine Workers hasn't had any real election for years. Once or twice rival mine leaders have tried to oppose Lewis, only to be ostracized or beaten up. Gradually, therefore, all leaders with views of their own haye drifted out of the mine Brophy, Phil Murray.

Van Bittner, Allan Haywood and Davfd MacDon- aid. Lewis now stands serene and alone, the supreme dictator of the miners. There is no one in Washington headquarters to challenge him. Furthermore, Lewis also keeps tight hold over every district leader. And woe unto any rank-and-file member of the union who revolt! 'against a district leader.

His life is made miserable. Only hope for breaking up the Lewis dictatorship is a law permitting minority groups of miners to petition the National Labor Relations board to hold district elections or even national elections in the United Mine Workers. Many miners resented the current coal strike, but there was nothing they could do about it. If they could stage free elections, however, Lewis would do more consulting with his "own men before throwing both their economy and the nation's out of whack. The Doctor Says Adolescence Explanation Must Be Frank By EDWIN F.

JORDAN, M. Somewhere around the age of 13, girls reach a stage of their development commonly called adolescence. This is, of course, a completely normal development which happens each year to about one and a half million girls in'the U. S. When girls are instructed before this time as to what to expect and are told that the changes which occur are a perfectly normal step toward maturity, they should not be disturbed.

It is, therefore, quite important for the mother or a phy- lician to discuss the beginning of adolescence fully and frankly before the definite signs of it appear. Information concerning adolescent changes should, of course, be given in a completely matter-of- fact way. A girl should be told that all girls her age are going through the same experience. Delay Common The changes in girls do not always come at the same age nor are they completed at the same rate of speed. There Is usually no cause for alarm If there is delay until 14 or 15, or if it starts before'13.

After adolescence begins and usually for two or three years, afterward, girls are normally somewhat nervous and less consistent in their behavior than they were before and will be later. They often cry more easily, they become unreasonable in their actions with others for no apparent reason. Parents should understand that these things do happen and they should not worry about the seeming personality change which often develops. When unreasonable behavior on the part of adolescent girls does break out, the parents should take it calmly but continue to be firm about those things which really matter. Note: Dr.

Jordan is unable to answer individual questions from readers. However, each day he will answer one of the most frequently asked questions in his column. The Doctor Answers QUESTION: What is the cause of tetany? What are the symptoms? ANSWER: There are several possible causes. One of them is related to small glands in the front of the neck, called parathyroids. Most important symptoms are spasms in the muscles, especially around the face.

WALTON Walton, April Walton American Legion post will present the Logansport Shrine club minls- trels in a public program at the Berry Bowl on Wednesday night, April 28. All proceeds of the show will go to the Walton Legion post as a contribution of the Shrine club 'to help rebuild the Legion Home, which burned to the ground last fall. Logansport post No. 60 will assist the Walton group. Vivian Kranz, commander of the Walton post, is general chairman assisted by Lewis Sperry, Herbert Small and Hobart Turner.

The finance committee is Gail Cook, Jerry Jones and Hobart Turner. On the ticket committee 'are Levi Sperry, Dale Starkey, Robert Baker, Dean Logdan, Vivian Kranz, Harvey Hip- skin, Robert Hildebrandt, Robert Seagraves, Virginia Wendling and Verlin Howard. Washington Township's Hatchets won a three-way meet of the Hatchet oval, Thursday over Galveston and Walton. The scores were Washington Township 70, Galveston and Walton Dave Schneider of the Hatchets took four first places. John Jump presided at the business meeting of Deacon Grange held Wednesday night A draping of the charter ceremony was held for Fred Fidler.

Mrs. Harry Couk read the life history of William Saunders, a founder and first master of the National Grange. Mrs. Grover Bess read the biography of Hudson Kelley, the first secretary and also a founder of the Grange. Marvin Babb gave an interesting account of his recent visit to California.

An auction sale of shrubs, plants and bulbs was held. The members of the Walton Home Economics club and Literary club are asked to make their dinner reservations with Mrs. Owen Dutchess for the Federation of clubs convention on April 23 in Walton Church of Christ. Mr. and Mrs.

Walter Ward honored their daughter, Lue at a dinner Tuesday evening, the occasion being her birthday. John Shaver suffered a stroke of paralysis, Sunday at his home here. Mrs. Stella Finney attended a War Mothers District convention in Fort Wayne. Plans have been made for a vacation Bible School to include four churches, Ramer Presbyterian, Blue Ball Christian, St.

Paul Lutheran and Anoba Methodist The school will start May 24 and continue through June 4 in Washington Trinity school. Born to Dr. and Mrs. Bernard Hall of Indianapolis, a son, weighing 8 pounds and 14 ounces, and has been named James Richard. Mrs.

Lena Gross of Walton route 2' was admitted to Memorial hospital for observation and treatment Mrs. J. E. Duckworth is teaching in the Washington township school. Winter is truly the time to get the most out of those excellent root rutabagas, and turnips.

For they're plentiful, full of the vitamins and minerals that vegetables supply so generously, and they're an inexpensive important in these days when we're all looking for way! to pare the food budget. COMMUNITY HISTORY IN THE MAKING Items Culled from the Columns of The Kokomo Tribune of Seventy-Five, Fifty and Twenty-Fice Years Ago Recalling People of Earlier Generations and the Things They Were Doing. 75 Years Ago Capt John Bohan has improved the service of his grocery by the purchase of a horse and wagon for delivery of goods. The marriage of Leighton Wynn of Sioux City, and Miss Marie Saville of this city took place at the home of the bride's brother-in- law and sister, Mr. and Mrs.

A. B. Walker, Elder Conner of the Christian church officiating. Col. N.

P. Kichmond and James W. Robinson have announced as candidates for election as mayor of Kokomo. L. F.

Rayburn has returned to Kokomo from residence in Illinois and has entered the furniture business in partnership with his brother-in-law, J. W. Lovin. The Misses Murray announce the opening of a dressmaking shop in Mulberry street opposite the Methodist church. Mrs.

Thomas Snyder has opened a boarding house in the Gripper property across the street from the Christian church. The marriage of Lafayette Garrigus and Miss Alice Moorman, both of Jerome, took place April 12, the Rev. Dr. Tennell performing the ceremony. Mrs.

M. Rayburn, milliner, announces a spring opening will be held at her store April 29 and 30. Barbs By HAL COCHRAN As long as boogie is composed most people who listen to it will not be. A Michigan thief disguised as a girl was caught by Instead of by pneumonia. The price of haircuts has come the nearest of anything to making it pay to be a pet.

Children are small people not allowed to act as their parents did at that age. There are very few hooks sewn on some of the spring gowns, but lots of eyes are glued on them. David Lawrence Says: Is the Emphasis on Airforce A Blow at Unification Plan? Washington, April and military appropriations have become entangled in a peculiar way. Many members of Congress who would like to be spared the necessity of voting either for a revival of the draft or the universal military training program are being told that if they'll spend the same money for a 70-group airforce, one or the other or maybe both of the proposals to mobilize the youth of the nation will not be needed. The airforce has played a skillful game.

Its leader, Secretary Symington, has shrewdly taken advantage of a political situation on Capitol Hill. Despite the much-talked- of unification of the armed services and the need for one spokesman on appropriations, Mr. Symington simply ran around the end and outflanked his superior, Secretary of Defense Forrestal. Thus, the so-called unification plan goes out the window and the original champion of the the first to break it down. None of this pleases either the navy or the regular army but they are caught in a political dilemma from which neither President Truman nor Secretary Forrestal seem able to extricate them.

As a matter of fact, there is a powerful argument for a 70-group airforce. It comes from those who think the best way to frighten Russia into submission is to authorize the spending of money for airplanes. Superficial View But this is only a superficial view of what must happen. The formation of a 70-group airforce increase! the need for more ships and tankers to carry gasoline and supplies to far-off bases. Likewise, it means increased manpower to capture and hold strategic bases.

The wisest words that have been spoken in a long time on military strategy are credited to two members of the U. S. joint chiefs of itaff. First, here is what General Spaatz, chief of the U. S.

airforce, said in an interview with the United Press at Beloit, "We have not yet reached the point where we can carry out sustained bombings at great distances, and I don't know when we will. People who think they will be able to sit back in the next war and let military aircraft do the job are all wet They had better square up their thinking with facts." And this came from Gen. Omar Bradley, chief of staff of the U. S. army.

In testimony before the House armed services committee: only certain and safe guarantee against enemy air attack is to seize and hold the. bases from which his arcraft would fly. If we, as a result of weakness in land or naval strength, permit any enemy power to seize such bases as Alaska, Greenland, Iceland, Spitsbergen or the Azores, then we shall have laid our industrial and population centers open to air attack. All the airforces and anti-aircraft artilleries of the world could not prevent it. Only troopa actually occupying inch basei could give ui protection.

Those troopi are the The navy chief! would lay much the same thing in holding that, to transport men and supplies, submarines of the enemy must be destroyed and air attacks on convoys must be prevented by an adequate U. S. navy. So the administration, through Secretary of Defense Forrestal, worked out a plan for a "balanced" army, navy and airforce combination." It involved either 55 air groups for the airforce fully manned or 70 air groups partly manned. The emphasis on the 70 caught the imagination of the House of Representatives and Secretary Symington pushed his advantage, although it unbalances the plan worked out so carefully by the U.

S. joint chiefs of staff at their recent meeting in Key West, Fla. Either the political pressures of one armed service group as against another is going to run our national defense or the executive branch of the government and U. S. joint chiefs of staff is going to do it.

The public will watch with interest this amazing bit of byplay in Congress whereby the draft or universal military training are sacrificed to zeal for appropriations for planes. In the end, the other services will have to be built up to balance the 70-group airforce plan. This will soon mean many more billions for the armament budget. So They Say A more accurate measure of the vitality of our Bill of Rights is not In the sporadic rulings ot our highest tribunals, but in the day-to-day attitudes of our lower William O. Douglas, Associate Justice, U.

S. Supreme Court. The United States possesses the knowledge and the capacity to make the atom bomb, and as yet the Soviets do of Defense Forrestal. 50 Years Ago Democrats nominated their candidates for city office in a delegate convention. The choice fell on the following: Mayor, W.

S. Armstrong; clerk, Lewis C. Sellers; treasurer, J. M. Woolley; marshal, Isaac Dick; citv Laymon, First ward; G.

W. Charles, Second ward; Dr. W. H. McClurg, Third ward; Thomas F.

Maher, Fourth ward; W. C. McCune, Fifth ward. Prohibitionists held a convention in which they nominated a ticket to enter in the city election, naming as candidates: Mayor, John L. Hillis; clerk, A.

E. Reed; treasurer, John Morrow; marshal, Russell A. McMillian; C. ward; Joseph Peacock, Second ward; W. T.

Merrell, Third ward: Samuel McCarty, Fourth ward; Taylor E. Hollingsworth, Fifth ward. E. W. Boring was seriously injured when the street sprinkling wagon he was driving broke through the platform scales at the Nation livery barn and he was thrown into the wreckage.

Ada Hope was surprised at her home in South Courtland avenue when young friends gathered there to celebrate her birthday. Maude Miller, a resident of Jackson township was winner of a tri- county oratorical contest. The play "Damon and Pythias" was presented at the opera house before a large and well pleased audience. Following the performance members of the cast were entertained at a banquet given by the local lodge of Knights of Pythias in Castle hall. Joseph C.

Herron served as toastmaster. Work was also given in the degrees of the order with Ovid Sailors and Maurice Tribby as candidates. Fred Ruddell was operated on for appendicitis at the home of his parents. Dr. Eastman of Indianapolis performing the ceremony.

A large barn on the farm of Frank King in the Plevna neighborhood was destroyed by fire. Christian Weser, 75, living southeast of Kokomo, died at his home April 14. Jack Burrows and Thomas Watkinson left this week for the east, whence they will sail for Liverpool to visit relatives in England. Mr. and Mrs.

George H. Smith left Kokomo for residence in Rawlins, Wyo. Mrs. Harriet D. Russell, 71, widow of Jthamer Russell, died April 11 at the home of her son, W.

A. Russell, In California, where she had gone to spend the winter. The body will be returned to Kokomo. A. J.

Whistler, manager of the Kokomo Rubber company, and Miss Ella Katherine Spraker of Chicago were married in that city April 14. If reporters at any time feel that you are a stuffed shirt, that's the time to watch out. There's nothing a reporter enjoys more than poking into a stuffed shirt. And I can't blame Dwight D. Eisenhower, IT.

S. Army, retired. President Truman has cast aside politics, and he doesn't care what happens to. him Carl Hatch (D.) of New Mexico. The trick of a tax bill, is to pluck the goose without too much James P.

Kem (R.) of Missouri. I know of no danger of military aggression on the part of Russia. President Truman and Secretary Marshall may have Information they have not told me Robert A. Taft (R) Ohio. Farmers must be protected against oppressive government controls and inroads against liberties and free Douglas MacArthur.

If we are going to talk strong, we must be Secretary of State Byrnes, urging revival of Selective Service. We must remain strong in terms of our Army, Navy and Air Force. We must remain the nation in the world. That is the language the dictator understands, not I. Rosenman, former special adviser to President Roosevelt.

25 Years Ago Installation of a new Duplex printing- press for The Tribune was completed this week, replacing a press that has been in use sinca 1910. It has a capacity of 24 pages. Open house was kept at the Masonic temple for an afternoon and evening and several hundred persons called to inspect the hand- come new structure. Announcement is made that the South Side Christian church has closed a deal by which it becomes owner of the John M. Leach homestead at Marklanci avenue.

Home avenue and Union street. It was purchased of St. Patrick's Catholic church which once planned to build a church thereon. The sale price is said to have been 510,000. Two Girl Reserves corps have been organized at the Y.

W. C. A. Mildred Robinson was elected president of the high school division and Martha Garritson of the grade school group. number 75.

Marathon dancing is the craze of the moment. A Cleveland, girl set a new record of 52 hours, 16 minutes continuous dancing only to be displaced as champion a few days later by a Texas girl with G5 hours and 30 minutes. The operetta "Windmills of Holland" was given ly the Service class of the Congregational church in the high school auditorium before an audience that taxed the capacity of the place. Principal roles were taken by Eugene Belt, Miss Pauline Elkins, Mrs. Edna Henderson, Mrs.

Walter Jones, Miss Julia Trees, Raymond Deardorff and Ralph Jennsr. Miss Grace DeLaughter was accompanist. Kokomo is in the midst of a building boom, applications for building permits indicate. Permits for 15 bungalows were issued this week. Gary Lock has been appointed a member of the Kokomo police force.

Mrs. Charles P. Spradling entertained a company of children at her home with a party in celebration of her son Robert's fourth birthday. Lavon McCoy and Herbert Wyman of Greentown were severely injured when an automobile in which they were riding left the road and struck a telephone pole. Miss Marie Mendenhall and Carl Keith were married April 14 at the parsonage of Grace M.

E. church, the Rev. W. T. Arnold officiating.

Anna Dale, Kokomo High school debater, won the Ninth district contest at Frankfort and now will represent the district In a state contest. Miss Arlene Cook and Paul F. Oyler were married April 15 at their own new home in East Broadway, the Rev. F. P.

Morris performing the ceremony. Peter Edson Says Prospect for Latin America Is More; Not Less, Revolution The United States will cut off all financial and recovery aid to Italy if the Communist! win the April 18 J. McDermott special adviser to Secretary of State Marshall Washington, April neat and easy explanation for recent uprisings in Colombia Costa Rica, Guatemala and Panama is to blame it on the Communists. Latin-American experts in Washington say it isn't that simple. They do not dismiss the fact that communism is at work below the Rio Grande.

A quick summary reveals these highlights: The center of activity Is Cuba, which has an estimated 150,000 members In its Popular Socialist (Communist) party. This party has elected three senators and seven deputies to the Cuban Congress. The party also runs a training school for Latin-American Communists. With the exception of one Polish immigrant, Fabio Grobart, who came to Cuba 25 years ago and has since become a Cuban citizen, Communist leaders in Latin America are all natives. President of the party is Juan Marinello, a poet.

The active leader is Secretary General Bias Roca, who has traveled all over Latin America. Links between Soviet Russia and the Latin-American Commies are concealed as much as possible. It became a matter of important news when Fabio Grobart was recently seen entering the Soviet Embassy in Havana, early one morning. This embassy has no high-ranking ambassador openly directing the movement in the way Constantin Ou- mansky did from Mexico City for a number of years before the war. Russian financing is not apparent.

Greater Threat Mexico's Communist party is now believed to number from 10,000 to 25,000. Its states is subordinated by the active labor union movement under Vicente Lombardo Toledano, who says he is not a Communist. Colombia has less than 8,000 Communists, Costa Rica from 3,000 to 6,000, Panama less than 1,000. Paraguay, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and El Salvador have practically no Communists as the party has never been recognized in those countries. Brazil and Chile have outlawed the party.

Total Communist party membership in all 20 Latin-American countries is believed to be less than 50,000, with perhaps a million followers. But because it is a native-led movement, communism in Latin- America today offers a far greater threat than German nazism, Italian fascism and Spanish falangism ever did. Communist leaders have seized every opportunity to further their cause. They have capitalized on traditional anti-U. S.

feeling and Yankee imperialism. They have no hold on the Indians, but they have fed on every other element Of native discontent. So there is no even pattern of Communist infiltration throughout Latin America. What is happening, American officials believe, is that native populations in all Central and South American countries are on their own account showing signs of unrest as a result of their first social gains. Against Poverty The condition of the common Americano is not as low as it was before World War I.

Wage levels are higher. A beginning labor union movement has improved working conditions. World War II pumped a lot of U. S. dollars into Latin America.

The standard of living.is a little better. The people have a little more education. And from their improved learning they are finding means to rebel against the terrible poverty that has held them down since the original Spanish exploitation of the 16th century. Viewed from this light, the prospect ahead is for revolt. In a sentence, Central and South America may now be said to be going through the social and industrial revolution that the U.

S. has experienced in the past 80 to 100 If you believe social revolution in the U. S. has not yet reached its ultimate evidenced by the recent coal strike over miners' the outlook is for 80 or 100 years of unrest in Latin America, until the underdogs get a better break. That puts up an interesting double challenge.

It puts up to the Latin American governments the challenge to effect some. 1 sweeping social reforms on their own account If this isn't done through a health liberalism, it may be done by communism. It puts up to U. S. democracy a challenge to prove that its way of life has no aim of exploiting the resources or the people of the more undeveloped sister republics to the south.

Writing an agreement which will permit the U. S. government and U. S. private capital and industry to aid Latin America in its own from communism one of the more hopeful thing! that should come out of the Bogota conference.

Leafy green vegetables lose food value and flavor unless they are promptly refrigerated when they are brought from the market. Wash the vegetables, and remove withered leaves or inedible Drain and place in a covered refrigerator dish. The vegetables will be crisp and fresh when it's time to use them..