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The Manhattan Mercury from Manhattan, Kansas • Page 2

Location:
Manhattan, Kansas
Issue Date:
Page:
2
Extracted Article Text (OCR)

July 4 Gels Credit Today Is Memorial Though Confusing By JAMES MARLOW AP News Analyst WASHINGTON (AP) This is a memorable day which usually gets mixed up in the American mind. But it's a mixed up story anyway. This country declared Its independence 189 years ago today, July 2, 1776. It was on July 4, 1776 that Congress approved the Declaration of Independence which simply explained why it did what it did two days before. But it's July 4 which is celebrated as Independence Day.

On Sunday, no doubt, all over America orators will quote from the Declaration written By Thomas Jefferson. There were contradictions in what Congress did and in Jefferson, too. Jefferson said all men are created equal and condemned slavery. Congress accepted the statement that all men are equal but, before approving the document, knocked out the condemnation of slavery. Thus was born a contradiction which has haunted the United States ever since: The unequal treatment of Negroes in a society which is proud of its freedom and proclaims the virtues of equality.

Jefferson in the years after 1776 urged the abolition of slavery but he kept slaves and when he died on July 4, 1826, just 50 years after his declaration, he freed only three and ordered two others freed on becoming 21. Although he authored the stirring lines about all men's equality, in 1781, five years after the declaration, he expressed the "suspicion" that Negroes were inferior to whites. Later the bitter struggle over slavery began and reached a screeching point in 1857 Dred Scott, a Negro, appealed to the Supreme Court for his freedom. The court turned him down. Chief Justice Roger Brooke Taney, a slaveholder who freed his own slaves, said neither a slave nor his descendants had any rights of citizenship.

And Taney not only interpreted the Constitution but the Declaration, too. He said the Declaration's language showed that neither slaves nor their descendants, free or not, were intended to be included in the "general words used in that memorable address." Actually, the Declaration never mentioned slavery at all, since Congress eliminated Jefferson's words on that, and never mentioned Negroes directly or by name. Not satisfied with all this, Taney, although he didn't have to, Colors Of 1st Cavalry Return To U.S. Again WASHINGTON (AP) The 1st has been essentially an in- colors of the historic 1st Cavalry fantry division for nearly a Division have returned to the quarter of a century. United States from the Far East More than 20,00 men who after 22 years and two wars.

wore the yellow and black shoulder patch of the division Those colors haven't been became casualties killed and home since the vanguard of the W0 unded in 10 campaigns of division left the United States in world War II and Korea. May 1943 to fight the Japanese of course, the roster of the in the Pacific. division has changed many The 1st Cavalry's flag de. times in the more than two corated with streamers for dis- decades of service in hot and tinguished service in World War war II and Korea will be handed first saw combat ta tne Ad to the Army's newest type "air- miralt Islandg in earl mobile" division in a ceremony beati a Banzai by Ft. Bennrng Ga.

apanes imperial marines. La- Thus, the Airmobile Division the lst Cavalry was in the designed to ride to battle spearhead of the American re-aboard a fleet of more than 400 turn to the hilipines and led helicopters-will inherit a tradi- the jnto ManUa tion dating back to the horse sol- After the Japanesc quiti the diers of Robert Lee and honor of enterin Tokyo irst George Armstrong Custer. fell to the men of the horseless At the same time, the colors cavalry. of the 2nd Infantry Division will Barely five years later, the be transferred to. Korea, to re- division was rushed from Japan place those of the 1st Cavalry, to Korea to bolster the thin There will be no shift in man- American line in trying to hold power.

off the onrushing North Korean Although called cavalry, the invaders. went on to say Congress didn't have the authority to abolish slavery The storm broke and the decision of this court, where five of the nine justices were Southerners, helped bring on the Civil War. Came the war, the freeing of the slaves, and the al amendments abolishing slavery and declaring Negroes citizens with all of citizens' rights, including the right to vote. Taney's decision was thus undone. But when reaction set in the Southern states clamped restrictions on the recently freed Negroes.

Once more the court stepped in, this time with a decision setting Negroes back more than half a century. In 1896 the court said it was constitutional to segregate Negroes so long as they got equal treatment. But this meant unequal on the face of it since whites, not made the laws segregating Negroes. That decision stood for 58 years although the court after World War II was moving in the direction of equal treatment. Then on May 17, 1954 came one of the great explosions in American life.

Although talking only about schools, the Supreme Court in effect said segregation by its very nature meant unequal treatment and therefore couldn't stand. The court has oacked this up in one decision after another ever since. And in 1957 Congress, after more than 75 years of sidestepping legislation on civil rights, passed the first Civil Rights Act in this century. Negroes gained confidence, struggled, demonstrated for even more equal treatment. Congress passed another Civil Rights Act in 1960, still another in 1964, and this year is expect, ed to pass a voting rights meas-' ure.

And today, the anniversary of America's decision to separate from the British crown, a memorable section of that 1964 law, delayed a year, went into effect. It forbids discrimination in employment because of race, color, religion, national origin, or sex. It has taken this country 189 years to make good on the boasts of the Declaration and it hasn't quite finished the task. Inly IMS Manhattan When New Ideas Are Ignored Reluctance Costs Money KANSAS C1TV to accept new ideas has hamstrung progress in the Midwest, Oov. Warren E.

Hearnes ol Missouri said last night. Hearnes and Oov. William II. Avery of Kansas spoke at the convention of the Certified Live, stock Markets Association, an Organization of auction firms. "Here in the Midwest we have An improperly used potential for accomplishment, Hearnes said.

He said there must be more cooperation between Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma and Arkansas for improvement of the whole region. "We are waking up to the fact that we must know what we have, what we can do, before we can move," the Missouri governor said. Avery discussed changes in livestock marketing and the role of government in controlling open-market practices. "Thiily years agn farmers and livestocX men were totally dependent on the railroads and there was no choice of markets" Avery said. "Now we have trucks and a better highway system and a whole new dimension has been added to marketing." Although the change has left empty cattle pens in terminal markets such as Kansas City, he said, the markets have served consumer and cattle feedif well.

"The rightful role of ment in relation to this great open-market industry is hard to ascertain," Avery said. Dr. John Hay of the American Veterinary Association, told the convention that a national drive for eradication of hog cholera is moving faster than expected, but still has a long way to go. Some states already are free of the expensive disease, he said but generally they are not major hog producing areas. In foggy London, one of every 10 planes is grounded during the winter.

UP Toros 10 weather satellite began scanning the earth for storms and hurricanes today shortly after being launched late last night. The satellite joins three sister mechanical meteorologists in space. Chivalry Is Dead LONDON (AP) Harriet Slater, 61, a Labor member of the House of Commons, tripped as she left the chamber yesterday and fell flat. The House burst into laughter and not a man got up to give Mrs. Slater a hand.

"So far as this bunch is con- earned," she said, "the age of chivalry is stone cold dead." Find it fast on the classified page of the Manhattan Mercury. Extra Message PETERSFIELD, England (AP) The congregation at St. Laurence's Roman Catholic Church gets the message every Sunday. A police message. It comes from the church's new electric organ, which somehow tunes into the police radio network.

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Safe, modern storage. VAN LINES, MOVM FUN FOR ALL Take Your Family And Guests Putt-Putt Golf Course July 4th Weekend Sat. Sun. FREE Ice Cold Pepsi SPECIAL of Tickets at half price. ($5 value of 10 tickets for only $2.50) Good anytime by anyone.

TROPHY each day for most consecutive holes-in-one. FREE litterbag for your car upon request FREE sticks of candy for the kiddies FREE Balloons for the kiddies Harvest Delayed TOPEKA (AP) The wheat harvest was delayed again in some sections by rain yesterday in west and central Kansas. As soon as fields dry sufficiently, cutting is ready to resume at full speed, the state Employment Service reported. HEART OF AMERICA. ENGAGEMENT BEGINS JULY 14 Tickets No won Sale at Box Office or by Mail RODCERS HAMMEHSTEINS COLOR A ItlfV 00 Gold Sim OnV IS IVI 1 1 ii ui HONDO; i oo P.M Gold 13 no.

o.ik jj so. 12.00 MON 1HIOUGH ill Al 1 30 til SHIS $1 10 omj 00 Gold Sinli Otih II 10 MtKf (HICK 01 MO PtYtlll 10 INI UIDUNO IHItlll-INCIOSI SUMPfO. MATINEES DAILY BE6INNIN6 JULY 17 20th Recreates The Fantastic World Of Piracy And High Adventure On The High Seas! g'FROBE WROYOON ALEXANDER MACKENDRICK-STANLEY MANN, RONALD HAM 4 PEWS CANWN STARTS SUNDAY! GREGORY PECK-DIANE i UNIVERSAL I FOR ALL ITS STARTLING IMPACT. IT FROM THE START! NOW SEE IT TODAY! Matinee 2:00 Evening 7:00 9:00 Sat. 3-5-7 9 CALLING ALL KIDDIES CHAPPELL'S MILK FREE SUMMER VACATION MOVIES EVERY SATURDAY MORNING 10 A.M.

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About The Manhattan Mercury Archive

Pages Available:
672,531
Years Available:
1887-2019