The Cincinnati Enquirer from Cincinnati, Ohio • 62

SECTION FOUR THE ENQUIRER, CINCINNATI, SUNDAY, AUGUST 16, I93ff HISTORIC SPRING MILL SHOT-DOWN Of Six Major Plants 5 I VuioU cers to forward immediately applications from enlisted men who ara physically qualified and temperamentally adapted to become "aviation pilots." These men, to be trained at the Naval Air Station at Pensacola, will fill an existing shortage which will be increased to 292 in the "aviation pilot" grade by next July as the result of the commissioning of the new aircraft carriers Enterprise and Yorktown, and of four cruisers, and the organization of new squadrons for the fleet. The Navy now has 1,311 planes in the service and recently let contracts for 114 torpedo-bombers to be carried on the aircraft carriers. The 1942 aim is 1,910 planes to equip all ships. The enlisted men to be trained are in addition to the 494 Naval Reserve aviation cadets who started flying training at Pensacola last year. An initial group of 35 cadets will be assigned to duty with the fleet this month.

New classes of graduates are expected by officials each month until approximately 250 will be with the fleet in 1937. average drop for this season, and a gain of 145 per cent over July, 1935. MOTORISTS HEAVILY TAXED The average motor vehicle operator in the United States last year paid special automotive taxes aggregating $49.06, or 24H per cent on the value of his $200 car, figures compiled by the American Petroleum Industries Committee from official sources show. The amount paid was approximately $1 per vehicle more than the average tax paid in 1934, the year before. Gasoline taxes again constituted the largest item in the automotive tax budget, the average motor vehicle operator paying $30.10 through Federal and state levies on motor fuel.

Of this total, $23.53 on an average was paid to the state and $657 to the Federal Government. Registration fees, drivers' licenses, and similar fees amounted to $12.31, while Federal excise taxes on lubricating oil, new automobiles and trucks, tires and tubes, parts and accessories, amounted to $3.85 more. Although no accurate statistics ara available on the amounts paid by motorists in personal property taxes and local levies of various kinds, the committee estimated that they cost motorists $73,500,000, or $2.80 each. The total and per vehicle cost of each form of taxation are given in the following table: Com per Kind of Tax. Total Cost.

Vehu-ie I ASK ROAD IMPROVEMENT -1 1 I vv AVkt IF fc UlllllWM Jk I mini -I I v' ''l i wi(Miitw -tS Salem BY BURT L. THOMPSON. Director, Travel Servtce, Cincinnati Automobile Club. One of the spots in the Hoosier State to which visitors are flocking in increasing numbers is Spring Mill State Park, 140 miles from Cincinnati on State Route 60, between Salem and Mitchell, Ind. Several years ago the work of rebuilding the Village of Spring Mill was begun by the Conservation Department, which is to be congratulated on the excellent progress it has made.

Working without the aid of maps, pictures, blue prints, or any records except those existing; in the memory of the natives, it has succeeded in restoring the village to its former likeness in the days of 1814. The center of the town now, as it was then, is the big grist mill. Today, almost one and one-quarter centuries after it was built, the huge stone still grinds corn, and in the rear of the building the big saw operates by the water flowing through the flume so well balanced is the mill wheel that only a tiny stream of water is sufficient Left to right, seated, are Edwin I E. Kellogg, Dr. Carroll Behymer, President: Clyde McElhaney, Sec-, A communication sent by the club to City Council, requesting a series of improvements, was re- Committeemen representing the East End Civic Club, actively campaigning for improvement and beautification of Davis Lane "the direct route and main artery" to Lunken Airport are shown above.

The photograph was taken at a special meeting Wednesday. ill Has Litlle Effect On Week's Output Of Motor Cars Let-l'p Js Slight. FECIAL DISPATCH 10 THE S.NQUIBKR. Detroit, August 15 Output of passenger cars and trucks in the United States and Canada for the last week registered only a slight decline, despite the advanced season and the fact that six major plants are shut down for inventory, says Automotive Daily News In its midweek digest. The total output for the week Is estimated at 83,857, as compared to a revised total of 85,095 units during the previous week.

This is an abnormally slight recession for this time of year and is due to the fact that while six plants have closed, the others are working at Bear capacity levels. Chevrolet has stepped up its schedule to near capacity for the remainder of this operating season and the two other big volume producers, Ford and Plymouth, have likewise continued to operate at the high levels they have maintained during the past month. This unseasonable activity is due to the fact that the manufacturers are bending every effort to build up a big dealer stock of current models, so that the nation's retail dealers will have cars to sell during the forthcoming change-over period. Chrysler Corporation divisions are producing 1936 cars at nearly the same rate that has prevailed during the past four weeks and this activity is expected to continue for at least another week. Some of the independents such as Hudson, Willys, and Reo also have increased their schedules during the current week thus lending support to the week's total.

An increase in rural automobile buying out of proportion to urban activity has brought a boost in R. L. Polk and Company's registration estimate for July. The previous estimate of 335,000 units has been raised to 350,000. In commenting on this, Automotive Daily News ays: "If this estimate holds true, July sales were exceeded only twice in history, in 1926 and in 1929, with 360,700 and 432,503, respectively.

July last year totaled 285,178 units. While July sales, on the basis of this estimate, showed a drop from the 369,423 units registered in June, pale's for the month held up remark-nbTy well. Despite the record-break ing heat wave that covered prac- tically the entire country and the peflous drought condition in western Agricultural regions, automobile Gales came through the month without any great reduction." KEEP T00IS IN SHAPE. One of the points where the efficiency of thousands of motorists suffers a severe breakdown is in the matter of keeping the tools in orderly condition. Many have the habit of leaving the pliers, wrenches and other repair equipment lying around the garage when they have finished a piece of work.

It is a wise plan to put the- tools away carefully immediately after the job is completed. If this is done, the next repair job along the roadside will be greatly facilitated. TIMELY TOPICS AND HINTS OF INTEREST TO CAR OWNERS Safe $700 Plane Impossible At Low Production Volume, View Of Manufacturer Who Studies Market-New Hook Gives Flight History. MAOISM to keep it moving. The mill house is now used as a museum and contains many articles of household equipment and tools used by the settlers.

The town, too, is worth an in spection tour. At the old tavern, now restored, one may obtain good food at reasonable prices. Other buildings of interest include the post office, the apothecary shoppe, and a number of homes fitted with furniture of their period cherry dressers, great fireplaces, and four-poster beds under which the children's trundle beds disappeared during the day. The park surrounding the village is crossed with well-marked circular trails which cut through virgin timberlands and meadows, colorful with wild flowers and shrubbery. The above map shows the route from Cincinnati to Spring Mill, returning by way of Madison and Clifty Falls State Park.

West of Versailles motorists will encounter a fifteen-mile fair gravel detour, while patching work is in progress east of Versailles and careful driving is indicated. IISTORIANS who think only in two dimensions are apt to say that the last frontier vanished long ago. They are wrong," declare the authors of "The Wonder Book of the Air" a recently published complete and up-to-date volume on tha history of aviation. Browsing through the almost 350 pages, the reader is inclined to agree with the authors as he ob- tains a Decter understanding of the intricate workings of the modern airplane and a vivid picture of soaring over the world's sky lines. Carl B.

Allen, formtr Cincinnati newspaperman and now aviation editor of the New York Herald Tribune, and Lauren D. Lyman, member of the editorial staff of the New York Times and winner of the 1936 Pulitzer Prize for Reporting, are the authors of this interesting book. The authors get off to a good start. Ordinarily, the books on aviation history begin with the early stages of fying, then gradually work up to present day wonders in the field. Instead, these two authors who rank among this country's best known writers on aviation, begin with an air trip across America.

As though they were writing a news story, they tell what is going on at present and supplement historical facts as they progress through the book. They conclude with a chapter on the "Chronology of Famous Events in the Story of Flight." Included in the book, in addition to the customary chapters on "Early Flights" and "Why an Air Flics." are such intmnaiinrv i ters as "Airshins Flights," "Women in Aviation," "The Marvels of Aircraft Radio," "Flying Phraseology and Sky Slang," and "The Future." Supplementing the story is a comprehensive pictorial history of aircraft told in 174 illustrations. More Pilots Are Sought By Xavy, Noting Shortage The Navy, now engaged in almost doubling its aerial fighting strength to meet requirements of a treaty strenth fleet to be achieved by 1942, made a definite move last week to cope with an increasing shortage of pilots, Associated Press correspondents at Washington learned. The Bureau of Aeronautics sent instructions to all ships and stations requesting commanding offi- if i i ii i jiuiuiTii i laur ins i eu For Albatross Rirdineii Interest created by addition of the Taylor Cub plane to the flying equipment of the Cincinnati Albatross Birdmen, flying club based at Western Hills Airport, has promoted activities of members to motored flying, it was announced yesterday by Arthur Bidlingmyer, Vice President. Under the supervision of the instructor, Mel O.

Wood, the plane has been kept in constant service on Tuesday and Thursday evenings as well as on weekends. Several members are about to solo, Bidling-meyer said, after having only a few hours of instruction. Members of the motorless flying division of the club have been placing their two-place sailplane, the Sky Ghost, into first class condition for the soaring weather which comes in about this season of the year. Work will be completed within the next week and activities of this branch will be resumed at the glider port, Cleves, Ohio. Raymond Fussner, William Hall, and Eugene Gottschalk were accepted into the motorless division last week and Charles Reutz, John Ross, and Bernard Mollenkamp enrolled in the motored division.

The club will meet at 8 o'clock Thursday night at the Western Hills airport. Persons interested in aviation may attend the meeting, Bidlingmeycr said. HIKER BATHES FEET IN FAIR LILY POND San Diego, Calif. (UP) Others may have sneaked a quick dip in the dark of night, but Willis Ocker, 44 years old, of Redding, is the first person officially to bathe his hot feet in the Exposition lily pond. Ocker was permitted to dip his feet in the pool after he hiked 1.300 miles from his home to the Fair, coming via famous Death Valley, a place so hot that only desert lizards, exceptionally tough jack-rabbits and Death Valley Scott live there in the summertime.

Ocker declined the offer of a ricksha or sight-seeing chair, and said he'd see the Fair on foot. SERMONS TOO LONG; MINISTER RESIGNED Cambridge, Mass. (UP) Imagine a dignified President of Harvard College being run out of office because he talked too much! That is what happened to Rev. Samuel Langdon, College President from 1775 to 1780, according to documents found in the files of Harvard Divinity School. Rev.

Mr. Langdon resigned after students, protesting that his sermons were too long, had petitioned the governing board for his removal, and had sent a commiltee to convey to Rev. Mr. Langdon their opinion of him. YOUR NEW HYDRAULICS.

Hydraulic brakes, for all ths pride of their new owners in them, are not absolutely certain to give equalized braking under all conditions. They assure equal pressure on all brake shoes, it is true, but a great deal of braking effect is dependent upon conditions that exist on the stopping' side of the shoe such as unevenly worn tires, different types of pavement surface, etc. TIMELY WARNING NOW. Don't attempt to save money by being niggardly in your expenditures for legitimate upkeep. Better spent there than for undertakers.

'i shown here makes it possible to send the student pilot for a long theoretical flight, using only the instruments in the plane. When the student has completed the flight, the course he has taken is traced on a map and mistakes pointed out, State gasoline 61S.KM.67l 423.S3 Keueral Raoline tax. 172.262.4Sl 6.. 7 Federal lubricating oil tax. 17,003,162 .65 Federal excise taxes on automobiles ard trucks 48,936 72a 1.86 Federal excise taxes on parts and accessories, tire and tubes 35,121.

4tt 1.34 Registration and license lees 322,481,415 12.31 Pei sonai property and local automative levies 73,500,000 2. SO Totals $1,286,156,907 $49.00 OLDEST OWNER AWARDED Simeon A. Cruikshank, 831 Belvi-dere Avenue, Plainfield, N. is the winner of the Studebaker veteran owner contest and the happy owner of a new 1936 Studebaker President cruising sedan, the winner's award. This was announced last week by Paul G.

Hoffman, President, The Studebaker Corporation, Mr. Cruikshank, who is 80 years old, ha3 owned Studebaker automobiles continuously since 1904. The rules of the contest stated that the award would go to the motorist with the "best record of continuous ownership of active Studebaker automobiles over the longest period of time." Mr. Cruikshank's record left no doubt as to his claim to the free Studebaker President. The veteran owner contest opened February 17, 1936, at noon and closed May 16 at noon.

Every Studebaker dealer was furnished with official entry blanks and hundreds of veteran owners were entered. The prize Mr. Cruikshank won was the first Studebaker produced in the eighty-fifth year of Studebaker history. Studebaker began building electric automobiles at. the turn of the century, but first engaged in producing gasoline vehicles in 1904.

That year T. Wells Goodridge, who i3 now living in Santa Barbara, was general manager of the Studebaker Automobile Company. He was a personal friend of Mr. Cruikshank's and recommended the Studebaker gasoline car. Mr.

Cruikshank bought it from The Studebaker Brothers Chicago sales company and drove the car 10,000 miles. Ten thousand miles in those days represented a "gigantic operation," to quote Mr. Cruikshank. Then follows an interesting record of "continuous ownership of active Studebakers." DRIVE COURTEOUSLY, TIP TO MOTORISTS Toronto (UP) Motorists should be taught how to drive their cars courteously by taking a few sailing lessons, Commodore Norman R. Gooderham of the Royal Canadian Yacht Club believes.

"Courtesy which comes from decent consideration for the other fellow and practical give-and-take, is second nature to the sailor," he declares. "On water, courtesy avoids accidents and makes sailing more enjoyable. The same thing put into practice in driving would reduce accidents materially. Motorists can learn much from sailors." DON'T BE TOO CERTAIN. Those motor vehicle owners who combine a meager knowledge of mechanics with a forceful eloquence are quite likely to find car maintenance expenses higher than other varieties of motorists.

Mechanics are only human and the man who is absolutely positive in his conversation that he knows what is wrong with his car is likely to send the technical man on many a wild goose chase. Service men would prefer to hear the symptoms from the car owner and to make their own diagnosis. THAT MYSTERIOUS MISS. If your car, a model two years old or older, shows a tendency to miss at high speeds or after long periods of operation, you might as well know that it is due to something which has been designed out of later models. That "something" is vapor lock.

It is the result of vaporizing of fuel in the gasoline line due to an excessively high op-crating temperature. The bubble acts as a dam against the liquid fuel. COINCIDENTAL STARTING. If your new car is one of those which features coincidental starting, the kind which involves pressing on the accelerator pedal or perhaps the clutch, you may find the difference a bit confusing at first. It will be less so if you remember to use the hand throttle for feeding gasoline to the engine.

Opening the throttle on the dash or the steering wheel vastly simplifies the starting process when the engine is new and stiff. HARD TEST FOR OIL. The modern test of an automobile engine lubricating oil as the engineers apply it is whether or not it will resist heat. Even in the face of the vast improvements wrought in automobile engine cooling, internal engine temperatures are high and subject the lubricating oil to a test far more extreme than that which was the case a few years ago. Pressures, too, are higher and they also tend to increase operating temperatures.

Plane Personalities Jr 'NM ttlta. gin. retary, and Jerome M. Jackson. Standing, left to right, are Charles Stonebiaker, G.

C. Emig, Walter Millar, Treasurer, and Ray W. Tasker. is derived essentially from gasoline. If the public did not care about enrVi tVlintra tha flncrindop HiH not Depression and thoughts of economy eventually displaced prosperity, and the idea of unlimited spending and the motor car's de sign became profoundly influenced thereby In recent years as in the earlier days of motoring, "How many miles to the gallon?" has become an important question when two motorists fall to discussing the merits of their respective automobiles.

Improving business conditions have not modified that circum- stance. They are not expected to whil the depression remains the vlvid impression that it is with many persons. The automobile in- dustry intends to be guided accordingly, and to lay more stress upon economy than upon speed and power increases in its 1937 models. A DIFFERENT GALLON There are two aspects of driving your car in England, which quite a few Americans seem to be doing in spite of the vast growth of touring in their own country, which are likely to be a bit confusing to those from this side of the Atlantic. One is the high price of "petrol" per gallon and the rather definitely greater mileages per gallon one gets out of the same automobile at home.

The explanation for the two is to be found in large part in the circumstance that the Imperial gallon is used abroad, a five-quart gallon compared with our own. IS VOIR CAR GLILTV The commonest causes of gasoline waste in automobile operation ate listed by service authorities as improper carburetor adjustment, high speed travel, needlessly fast acceleration, excessive choking, unnec-essary idling or racing of the engine, neglect of lubrication, Flicking valves, defective pistons, dragging brakes, and under-inflated tires. You might make a check to determine in just how many of these ways your own car is being wasteful of fuel. DID YOU KNOW THAT iNear- FORD SETS ECONOMY MARK Operating 2-t hours a day for four days over the famous memorial highway connecting Washington and Mount Vernon, Washington's ancestral home, a stock Ford V-8 sedan has just completed an economy run, supervised by the Contest Hoard of the American Automobile Association, in which a feul economy record of 22.789 miles per gallon was established, according to information received here by local Ford dealers. The tost covered 2,764 miles and was conducted at an average driving speed of 29.727 miles per hour, according to the certificate of performance just issued by the A.

A. A. Contest Board. Oil economy performance was at the rate of 1,387.82 miles per quart, the records showed. Most important feature of the test was the fact that throughout the drivers, under direction of the A.

A. were subject to all local traffic and speed regulations, including the necessary frequent stops and starts at traffic lights and other intersections. In this way average driving conditions were duplicated. A total of 152 traffic light stops were made. In the entire four days of operations, which included 92.237 hours of running time and 3.763 hours for refueling and other servicing, a total of 121.313 gallons of gasoline were used.

No water was added during the period of the test and no repairs were required, the certificate stated. BUCK IN DEMAND -Unusual expansion in fie market for me A t. I ceived by Acting Clerk Carlton Brennan, who reported that because of a summer recess the letter would not come before Council until September 2. 1 fS -A ly 600.000.000 board feet of lumber, hard and soft, were consumed in the manufacture of automobiles and trucks in 1935? of lacquer per vecnne is inaicatea in the consumption of more than 13,800,000 gallons of this material in the finishing of motor vehicles last year? The upholstery manufacturers can thank the motor vehicle makers of the country for orders totaling 46,750,000 yards of their product in the production of 1935 automobiles? SIDELIGHT ON SAFETY The deep interest of the nations automobile manufacturers in the cnuse of safety is reflected in many ways these days. One that has come recently to light is the inclusion in the tabulation "Automobile Facts and Figures" for 1935 of a table showing the decline in motor vehicle accidents during the first four months of the current year.

It's the first time that the industry has stepped beyond the borders of a preceding year in the preparation of its very impressive year book. MODERN CONVENIENCE The "comforts of home" are going to look pretty primitive if filling stations keep on adopting all the improvements of modern science. One of the newest wrinkles which bids fair to get around is the use of electric eye to turn on a water faucet. It is in use in the West. The customer reaches for the spig-got only to find himself, first nonplussed, then grateful, that the water already has started to run.

TIIESE SMALLER n.L'GS Have you noticed the great reduction in the size of spark plugs as compared with those in use a few years ago? The small plugs operate at lower temperatures with the result that the tendency of the points to burn is diminished. The proneness of the plug to run out is reduced by the smaller distance its heat is required to travel before meeting with the cooling surface. (An Ullman Feature Copyrighted.) dium and upper medium priced automobiles is cited by W. F. Huf-stadcr, general sales manager of the Buick Motor Company, as confirmation of the upward trend in buying habits and an indication of the return of purchasing power to the nation.

At the same time, the executive commented on the large share of. that increase obtained by the Buick Motor Company, the sales Buick automobiles having accounted f'jr more than one-fourth of the entire gain in registrations of all new cars priced above $700. "According to latest available registration statistics, covering the first six months of the year, there has been a gain in 1936 over 1935 of 45.1 per cent in the sales of ccrs in the price groups referred to," Mr. Hufstader said. "As against this price class increase, Buick sales have shown a gain of approximately 110 per cent.

Of a net gain of 181,200 units reported for the price groups as a whole, which include 19 makes of automobiles, Buick accounted for 47,900, or 26.1 per cent." Sales of Buick cars ate running in unusually heavy volume during the summer months, Mr said, deliveries during July having been the largest experienced by the company during this month in seven years During the month, a total of 11,724 new cars were delivered at retail to customers in the United States as compared with 16,354 in Jim? and 6,002 in July a year ago. This was a decline of approximately au per ceni irom june, less man me It begins to appear, indeed, as if i manufacturers were going to make next year one of competition with respect to miles per gallon rather than increased horsepower, higher top speed. As compared with the past, there will be only extremely sporadic mention of higher compression ratios. Throughout the declining years of the depression, particularly, the automobile-buying public has been given a definite taste of greater economy as to fuel and oil con sumption. Patently, the experience ucc" tne automoDiie manuracturers nave concluded that the public will like more.

That is what they intend to give it. During the days when the pendulum was swinging toward prosperity's peak it definitely ceased to be the fashion to talk of one's car in respect to the miles per gallon it yielded. Miles per hour was the topic then, and no one seemed to care how frequent were the stop-s at the filling station. Speed required power, and the car designers went out to create it, with very little need to remember that fundamental tenet of their profession that the power which means speed was becoming air-minded and would be clamoring for new production planes to replace the wartime ships that were then being used for commercial purposes. His firdt American Eagle was sold before the fabric was placed on the fuselage and the wings were completely asembled.

In six years the company climbed to a point among the leaders in the industry. This month the Porterfield will produce its thousandth airplane under the directing hand of the President. Only three other aircraft companies specializing in commercial type sport-tra iner planes can boast this record, he says. Porterfield is the son of Judge E. E.

Porterfield, Judge of Circuit and Juvenile Court of Kansas City for 26 years until his death in 19Jfc. I FFj SAFE $700 AIRPLANE rv Avjki uanauL uussimv ue Dime at this time," Edward E. Porterfield, President of the Porterfield Aircraft Corporation, Kansas City, said in a letter to Aviation Lanes last week. That price might be approached, he said, when the boys who now are 12 to 17 years old get to the age where they have enough money to buy airplanes, "but a volume of approximately 100 times the present total volume in the industry would be necessary to meet the $700 figure." Frequently, you might say daily, he added, many airplane manufacturers are reminded through information passed on to them by their distributors and dealers that there are hundreds of airplane prospects. "But those prospects are still waiting for the $700 airplane, which was so much talked of by the government from three years ago until nearly the present time.

None of the planes fostered by the government have been put into production, regardless of price," he said. "While the aircraft manufacturing industry would like to have a sufficient volume to produce such an airplane at the proposed low price," Porterfield added, "there is not the volume to absorb them at the rate of six a minute which would be about the necessary production figure to get such an airplane at such a price. "Oaks come from acorns; acorns come from oaks. Who knows which came first. Light, low-priced airplanes must come from demand and demand must create them." Projects To Be Pushed At Municipal Airports Determination of the Works Progress Administration to push to completion the airport improvement now under construction is shown in a report made public today by Aubrey Williams, Washington, Deputy Administrator.

Expenditure authorizations made by State Administrators rose from $23,111,886 March 31, the date of the last report on aviation activities of the Works Progress Administration, to $40,690,290 June 30. The major portion of the $17,000,000 increase has been assigned to projects started earlier this year, on which every effort is being made to insure completion either in their entirety or useful units. Seventy-two new projects have been added during the last three months, comprising about one-third of the authorized expenditure increase. The airport program now includes 506 projects at 438 loca tions. These projects have been He-1 lected for operation and they range from minor improvements to large i scale operations at major air tcr-! minals, employing 5,000 to 8,000 men.

Four seaplane bases are under construction. The airmarkings of towns and cities are progressing in 30 states, with expenditure authorizations of approximately $4,000,000. Fifty-two airport projects are reported completed and many others are approaching that stage. This does not always mean completed airports, as a few projects embrace only certain specified units of construction, Williams pointed out. Many airports formerly considered satisfactory now are necessarily inadequate because of rapid advances in flying equipment.

The Works Progress Administration in carrying out these projects which have been sponsored by the interested municipalities, has the practical objective of developing these ground facilities to a par with the present flying equipment, the report states. In this work the Bureau of Air Commerce, is cooperating in its approval of plans and specifications for projects prior to construction and in its aeronautical technical advice to sponsors of projects and to the Works Projects Administration during construction. I BUND-FLYING SCHOOL ,3 ill EDWARD E. rOUTERFIELD, JR. 3RADING a used automo- hilp fnr a rnnrsft In flv- tmffiM ine, Edward E.

Porter-'r field, now President of the Porterfield Aircraft Corporation, Kansas City, decided flying was more fun than selling automobiles, so he sold his used-car business. That was the effect of his first airplane ride, he says. But flying costs money, too, he poon learned. So he started manufacturing airplanes. Up to that time he had 247 hours of flying.

Eut then business kept him so busy for the next two years thai he could find only time to manufacture planes not fly them. Porterfield started out in 1925 manufacturing American Eagle planes. He realized that America Shown in the Link instrument flying trainer, in which Department of Commerce pilots are schooled in blind flying, is Miss Helen Lemke, secretary to the Chief of the Air Traffic Control Division, Bureau of Air Commerce. The equipment.